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PEOPLING-OF-THE-PHILIPPINES-GE-INDI-.pdf
- 1. PEOPLING OF THE PHILIPPINES THEORIES Peopling – how the archipelago (Philippines) was inhabited or colonized by humans/homo
- 3. A. MIGRATION THEORIES --involves movements of people B. INTERNAL DEVELOPMENT
- 4. 1. MULTIPLE HOMELAND HYPOTHESIS -Henry Otley Beyer -Also called the Beyer’s Migration Theory/Wave Migration Theory -argues that there are multiple origins of the peopling of the Philippines The father of Philippine Anthropology
- 5. WAVES OF MIGRATION ➢ believes that Filipinos descended from different groups in successive/consecutive manner
- 6. WAVES OF MIGRATION 1. Aboriginal Pygmies /NEGRITOS --land bridges --hunting and gathering group --25,000 to 30,000 years ago https://www.quora.com/Do-modern-Southeast-Asians-have-Negrito-admixture
- 7. 2. INDONESIANS - composed of seafaring and stone tool-using group from Indonesia - would have occurred 5,000 to 6,000 years ago https://www.csueastbay.edu/museum/virtual-museum/the-philippines/info- center/physical.html *INDONESIAN ‘B’ - took place 2,500 years ago - featured by their bark cloth-wearing skill *dispersed and proceeded to diff. islands *INDONESIAN ‘A’
- 8. 3. MALAYS -Occurred less than one millennium later between 800 and 500 BC -seafarers (oceanography) -terrace-building from a provenance of Indochina and Central Asia (basic agricultural skills) * PROTO-MALAYS
- 9. * DEUTERO-MALAYS Probably took place around 300 to 200 years BC From insular Indonesia dispersed to different parts of the Philippines Advance in farming Use of iron tools
- 10. Gaillard and Mallari, 2004
- 11. 2. UNIQUE HOMELAND HYPOTHESIS Melanesia Mainland Southeastern China South China Sea/Celebes Sea
- 12. c. Mainland Southeastern China Hypothesis (cont.) 1. Robert Suggs (1962); Richard Shutler and Jeffrey Marck (1975) -formalized by archaeologist Peter Bellwood (1988, 1991, 1995, 1997)
- 13. NEOLITHIC REVOLUTION -coined by Australian archaeologist Gordon Childe in 1935 -an important period of change in which humans began cultivating plants, breeding animals for food and forming permanent settlements.
- 14. MainlandSoutheastern China Hypothesis (cont.) 2. Arsenio Manuel (1966)
- 15. Locates the Proto- Austronesian homeland in mainland Southeastern China 3. Archaeologist Robert Heine-Geldern (1932) Made use of language as evidence
- 16. -American linguist Isidore Dyen (1962 and 1965) - locates the homeland of Austronesian speakers somewhere in Melanesia, between the Bismarck Archipelago and the New Hebrides b. Melanesian Homeland Hypothesis (3,500 BC)
- 18. American anthropologist and archaeologist Wilhelm G. Solheim II (1988) c. South China Sea homeland hypothesis The peopling of the Phils. was related to the thriving of trade relations happening around Borneo, Celebes Sea & SW Mindanao “Nusantao”
- 21. MEACHAM’S THEORY This asserts that the homeland for Austronesian speakers lies within a wide triangle called ‘Austronesia’
- 22. CORE POPULATION THEORY FELIPE LANDA JOCANO --Asians, including Filipinos are the result of a lengthy process of evolution and migration Tabon Man Callao Man