Pemphigoid
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Pemphigoid is a relatively uncommon autoimmune disease that affects the skin and oral mucosa. There are two main forms - bullous pemphigoid and mucous membrane pemphigoid. Mucous membrane pemphigoid predominantly involves oral mucosal ulceration and desquamative gingivitis. Diagnosis involves a biopsy showing subepithelial blistering and direct immunofluorescence detecting linear deposition of IgG along the basement membrane. Treatment typically involves an initial course of systemic steroids like prednisolone followed by long-term topical steroid maintenance therapy.
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This document provides information on desquamative gingivitis, including its classification, diagnosis, and associated diseases. It classifies desquamative gingivitis into 7 categories including dermatosis, endocrine imbalance, aging, metabolic disturbances, abnormal response to irritation, chronic infection, and drug reactions. Key aspects of diagnosis include clinical history, examination, biopsy, and microscopic/immunofluorescence examination. Associated diseases discussed in detail include lichen planus, pemphigoid, pemphigus vulgaris, chronic ulcerative stomatitis, and linear IgA disease. Treatment varies depending on the underlying cause and severity of symptoms.
Mucocutaneous Diseases II
This document provides an overview of several mucocutaneous diseases, including Pemphigus, Pemphigoid, Erythema Multiforme, and others. It discusses the clinical presentation, immunopathology, diagnosis, and management of each condition. Pemphigus is an autoimmune blistering disease caused by antibodies against desmoglein proteins, presenting as fragile blisters that break down easily. Pemphigoid involves autoantibodies against basement membrane zone antigens, causing subepidermal blisters. Erythema Multiforme is often triggered by infections or drugs and causes sudden erosions and 'target' skin lesions.
ORAL VESICULOBULLOUS LESION
This document provides information on vesiculobulllous lesions, including their classification, pathophysiology, diagnosis, types of pemphigus, clinical features, pathogenesis, histopathology, confirmatory diagnosis, differential diagnosis, and treatment. It discusses conditions like pemphigus vulgaris, pemphigoid, paraneoplastic pemphigus. Pemphigus vulgaris involves autoantibodies against desmogleins 1 and 3, causing blistering in skin and mucosa. Paraneoplastic pemphigus is associated with neoplasms and involves multiple organs. Diagnosis involves biopsy, DIF, and ELISA to detect specific autoantibodies.
Desquamative gingivitis
This document provides information on various conditions that can present as desquamative gingivitis, including their signs, symptoms, pathogenesis, histopathology and treatment. Oral lichen planus, pemphigoid, pemphigus vulgaris, chronic ulcerative stomatitis, linear IgA disease and lupus erythematosus are discussed in detail. The document also covers erythema multiforme and provides an overview of the differential diagnosis and evaluation of desquamative gingivitis.
Mucocutaneous Blistering Disorders
This document discusses pemphigus, a group of immunologically-mediated mucocutaneous blistering disorders. Pemphigus vulgaris is the most common variant seen in oral medicine, characterized by intra-epithelial blister formation and anti-desmoglein antibodies. Clinical presentation includes widespread ulceration/blistering, rapid progression, and positive Nikolsky's sign. Histology shows intra-epithelial blisters and Tzank cells. Treatment involves systemic corticosteroids and immunosuppressants to control symptoms and progression. The role of dentists is in early diagnosis and monitoring of pemphigus patients.
ULCERATIVE AND VESICULO BULLOUS LESIONS.pptx
This document defines and describes various oral lesions including vesicles, bullae, erosions and ulcers. It then discusses the potential causes of acute multiple lesions, recurring oral ulcers, chronic multiple lesions and single ulcers. Specific conditions that may present as oral ulcers are also outlined such as pemphigus vulgaris, mucous membrane pemphigoid, deep mycoses involving histoplasmosis, blastomycosis and mucormycosis.
Acute gingival conditions.pptx
This document discusses various acute gingival conditions:
1. Necrotizing gingivitis is caused by an impaired immune response to bacteria, resulting in gingival necrosis and pain. It is treated with antibiotics, debridement, and improved oral hygiene.
2. Primary herpetic gingivostomatitis causes vesicles and ulcers on the gingiva from HSV-1, especially in children. It resolves spontaneously in 1-2 weeks with supportive care.
3. Pericoronitis is inflammation around an erupting tooth, usually a wisdom tooth, causing pain, swelling and drainage. It is treated by surgically removing inflamed tissue and antibiotics.
Diseases of skin 2011-12 /orthodontic courses by Indian dental academy
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Diseases of skin 2011-12 /orthodontic courses by Indian dental academy
Diseases of skin 2011-12 /orthodontic courses by Indian dental academy
Pemphigoid
- 1. Pemphigoid Pemphigoid is arelatively uncommon autoimmune vesiculobullos disease, which can affect the skin and oral mucosa . the condiyion is characterize by subepthelile bulla formation . essential there are two forms of Pemphigoid and these are distinguished clinically by the site involvement .. in bullous Pemphigoid, mucosal involvement is rare and cutaneous lesion predominate.. wherase in mucous membrane pemphigoid cutaneous involvement is rare .the oral presentation is mucosal ulceration, desquamative gingivitis. Mucous membrane Pemphigoid, - Intra orally .intact bullae may sometime be present - More often patients present with ulcerated area of mucosa involving the buccal, palatal, or rarely lingual or lip mucosa - Desquamative gingivitis is afrequent presentation and may be localized or generalized - Intra oral scaring may occure - Onset of this lesion varies from under 30 years to over 70, but more commonly in old age - More common in female (2:1) Pemphigoid is an auto immune disease in which affected patients manufacture antibodies against proteins within the basement membrane s of gingival. The destruction of basement membrane protins damage th attachment of gingival epithelium to the underlying connective tissue allowing the epithelium to become detached… Diagnosis Biopsy tissue ,sent for histopathological analysis,should be examined for evidence of asubmucosal split.separate biobsy material should be sent for immunoflurescence studies. Direct (IF) will show alinear deposition of igG along basement membrane.
- 2. Treatment Steroid form the basics of treatment of steroid .although there is awide individual response to systemic or topical therapy .the majoritiy of patients will respond to an initial course of systemic prednisolone followed by topical maintenance therapy. -in some cases may be necessary to maintain systemic oral steroid. -an ophthalmic opinion is required as the condition is associated with the development of conjunctival scarring.