The document discusses compressed air energy storage (CAES) systems and their advantages. It describes how CAES works by compressing air during low demand periods and storing it underground, then using the stored air to power turbines and generate electricity during high demand periods. The key advantages discussed are reducing curtailment costs for renewable energy, lower emissions, quick startup times, vast potential storage locations, and shifting cheap off-peak energy to more expensive peak times. Storing energy in salt caverns provides additional flexibility, cycling ability, and a higher proportion of usable storage space. In conclusion, CAES is an important solution for grid stability and energy storage that has significant economic and environmental benefits if an efficient large-scale technology can be implemented
This document discusses hybrid electric vehicle powertrain architectures and their modeling. It summarizes that tighter emissions regulations are increasing interest in hybrid vehicles. It models a Fiat Panda with both a belt-driven starter generator (BSG) and through-the-road (TTR) configuration, finding the TTR reduces fuel consumption by 12-15% compared to the BSG. Both architectures have benefits, suggesting an optimal design may combine elements of each.
This document summarizes a study characterizing a hybrid electric-glow engine power system for multi-rotor helicopters. The system uses a glow engine to drive two propellers and generators to produce electricity and offset the power needs of the remaining four electric rotors. Testing characterized the generators' power output and the glow engine's thrust, power, and fuel consumption with different propellers. Analysis showed only two propeller types were viable. Using one type, the glow engine could run for 22 minutes generating 8.66 Joules; using the other, it could run for 40 minutes generating 4.49 Joules. While this hybrid system cannot provide full lift, it can negate added weight and generate power to extend total
This document discusses closed cycle gas turbines using nuclear power. It presents the key features of high temperature gas-cooled reactors (HTGRs) that use helium as a working medium in a closed Brayton cycle with a gas turbine. HTGRs can achieve high thermal efficiencies over 40% and offer inherent safety advantages due to their use of inert helium and passive cooling. They also provide modularity and opportunities for additional applications like hydrogen production. The document reviews HTGR reactor designs, fuels, and turbomachinery considerations for closed cycle gas turbines using nuclear power.
This document discusses the design evaluation of a flywheel used in a petrol engine. It begins with introductions to internal combustion engines, flywheels, ProEngineer modeling software, and ANSYS finite element analysis software. It then describes the design process which included calculating flywheel dimensions, creating a 2D drawing in ProEngineer, conducting structural, modal, and fatigue analysis in ANSYS on models of the flywheel constructed from cast iron and aluminum alloy A360 materials. The analyses showed both materials would withstand operating stresses but aluminum alloy had lower stresses. Fatigue analysis also evaluated stress at nodes over the flywheel's lifespan. The flywheel was determined to be a valid design, with aluminum alloy A360 the better material.
Philippe ANGLARET, the VP Business Development for Alstom Nuclear, presented the Turbine Island with its different characteristics and very impressive pictures.
This document presents the preliminary design of an electric two-seat general aviation aircraft called the EGL-K. The design meets the requirements of carrying two passengers with a total weight of 182 kg and 30 kg of baggage. Key aspects of the design include using lightweight composite materials, a pusher propeller configuration for high efficiency, and a battery pack providing 18.5 kWh of energy. Performance estimates indicate a cruise speed of 80 knots, service ceiling of 25,000 feet, and range of 240 km on the initial 2011 design expanding to 580 km on an updated 2016 design. The preliminary design meets or exceeds all requirements for the aircraft.
The document discusses direct drive generator designs for marine renewable energy converters. It presents the C-GEN concept which uses a direct drive permanent magnet generator to minimize moving parts and maximize reliability and efficiency compared to traditional systems. The concept utilizes integrated modeling of electromagnetic, thermal and structural aspects to optimize designs through a genetic algorithm approach. Key prototypes discussed include a 20kW generator and designs for the OYSTER and SRTT tidal energy converters.
The document discusses compressed air energy storage (CAES) systems and their advantages. It describes how CAES works by compressing air during low demand periods and storing it underground, then using the stored air to power turbines and generate electricity during high demand periods. The key advantages discussed are reducing curtailment costs for renewable energy, lower emissions, quick startup times, vast potential storage locations, and shifting cheap off-peak energy to more expensive peak times. Storing energy in salt caverns provides additional flexibility, cycling ability, and a higher proportion of usable storage space. In conclusion, CAES is an important solution for grid stability and energy storage that has significant economic and environmental benefits if an efficient large-scale technology can be implemented
This document discusses hybrid electric vehicle powertrain architectures and their modeling. It summarizes that tighter emissions regulations are increasing interest in hybrid vehicles. It models a Fiat Panda with both a belt-driven starter generator (BSG) and through-the-road (TTR) configuration, finding the TTR reduces fuel consumption by 12-15% compared to the BSG. Both architectures have benefits, suggesting an optimal design may combine elements of each.
This document summarizes a study characterizing a hybrid electric-glow engine power system for multi-rotor helicopters. The system uses a glow engine to drive two propellers and generators to produce electricity and offset the power needs of the remaining four electric rotors. Testing characterized the generators' power output and the glow engine's thrust, power, and fuel consumption with different propellers. Analysis showed only two propeller types were viable. Using one type, the glow engine could run for 22 minutes generating 8.66 Joules; using the other, it could run for 40 minutes generating 4.49 Joules. While this hybrid system cannot provide full lift, it can negate added weight and generate power to extend total
This document discusses closed cycle gas turbines using nuclear power. It presents the key features of high temperature gas-cooled reactors (HTGRs) that use helium as a working medium in a closed Brayton cycle with a gas turbine. HTGRs can achieve high thermal efficiencies over 40% and offer inherent safety advantages due to their use of inert helium and passive cooling. They also provide modularity and opportunities for additional applications like hydrogen production. The document reviews HTGR reactor designs, fuels, and turbomachinery considerations for closed cycle gas turbines using nuclear power.
This document discusses the design evaluation of a flywheel used in a petrol engine. It begins with introductions to internal combustion engines, flywheels, ProEngineer modeling software, and ANSYS finite element analysis software. It then describes the design process which included calculating flywheel dimensions, creating a 2D drawing in ProEngineer, conducting structural, modal, and fatigue analysis in ANSYS on models of the flywheel constructed from cast iron and aluminum alloy A360 materials. The analyses showed both materials would withstand operating stresses but aluminum alloy had lower stresses. Fatigue analysis also evaluated stress at nodes over the flywheel's lifespan. The flywheel was determined to be a valid design, with aluminum alloy A360 the better material.
Philippe ANGLARET, the VP Business Development for Alstom Nuclear, presented the Turbine Island with its different characteristics and very impressive pictures.
This document presents the preliminary design of an electric two-seat general aviation aircraft called the EGL-K. The design meets the requirements of carrying two passengers with a total weight of 182 kg and 30 kg of baggage. Key aspects of the design include using lightweight composite materials, a pusher propeller configuration for high efficiency, and a battery pack providing 18.5 kWh of energy. Performance estimates indicate a cruise speed of 80 knots, service ceiling of 25,000 feet, and range of 240 km on the initial 2011 design expanding to 580 km on an updated 2016 design. The preliminary design meets or exceeds all requirements for the aircraft.
The document discusses direct drive generator designs for marine renewable energy converters. It presents the C-GEN concept which uses a direct drive permanent magnet generator to minimize moving parts and maximize reliability and efficiency compared to traditional systems. The concept utilizes integrated modeling of electromagnetic, thermal and structural aspects to optimize designs through a genetic algorithm approach. Key prototypes discussed include a 20kW generator and designs for the OYSTER and SRTT tidal energy converters.
Study of Compressed Air Energy Storage Power Generation System and its Perfor...Waqas Ali Tunio
The document summarizes a study on compressed air energy storage (CAES) power generation systems and their performance. CAES involves using off-peak electricity to compress air for storage, then releasing the compressed air to power turbines and generate electricity during peak times. The study examines both conventional CAES systems that use natural gas and a proposed wind-CAES system that uses wind turbines to compress air for storage and power generation without fossil fuels or emissions. The wind-CAES system is identified as a more sustainable and cost-effective alternative to conventional CAES.
A Homopolar Inductor Motor/Generator and Six-step Drive Flywheel Energy Stor...ImranAnsari174
This document summarizes a flywheel energy storage system prototype and a homopolar inductor motor/generator that was presented as a thesis defense. It also discusses a MEMS rotary engine power system concept to replace batteries and provide micro-watt power. Finally, it proposes a low-cost distributed solar-thermal-electric power generation system using Stirling heat engines for thermal-electric conversion.
The use of flywheels to capture and store rotational kinetic energy has been used in a range of systems for the past two hundred years or so. This document explores some of the modern applications of these devices and their implications for future use. An example of the calculation of the rotational kinetic energy is given and the parameters associated with this calculation are discussed.
Compressed air energy storage (CAES) systems store energy by compressing air and storing it underground, such as in salt caverns. During periods of low energy demand, excess electricity is used to power air compressors. The compressed air is then stored. When energy demand is high, the compressed air is released, heated with natural gas, and used to power turbine generators to produce electricity. Two commercial CAES plants currently operate in Germany and Alabama. CAES systems provide a cost-effective way to store large amounts of energy and help utilities meet peak energy demands.
Designing a High-Fidelity Full-Scope Training Simulator for a Triple-Pressure...GSE Systems, Inc.
This document describes the design and implementation of a high-fidelity simulator for two combined cycle gas turbine (CCGT) power plants. The simulator models the Alstom gas turbines, triple-pressure boilers, once-through steam generators, and steam turbines. It is fully integrated with the actual control system used at the plants, including the ABB 800xA DCS. The simulator allows for training operators on the CCGT plants in a realistic but safe environment.
The document provides an overview of various compressed air energy storage (CAES) projects currently underway worldwide. It describes several planned and existing CAES projects of different sizes in locations like Northern Ireland, Iowa, California, Ohio, and New York. Technologies discussed include General Compression's near-isothermal system, Dresser-Rand's equipment for the Texas CAES project, and SustainX's isothermal demonstration plant. The conclusion states that over 40 CAES projects are anticipated in the next 5-10 years, demonstrating growing research interest in the technology.
Compressed air energy storage is a method for storing renewable energy by compressing air and storing it in underground caverns or above ground tanks. The document discusses several existing CAES plants including Huntorf, Germany (1978) and McIntosh, Alabama (1992). It also outlines several proposed CAES projects in locations such as Texas, Ireland, Ohio, and California. CAES provides advantages such as quick start-up times, shifting cheap off-peak energy to expensive peak times, and utilizing excess renewable energy that would otherwise be wasted.
The document describes a hybrid power system (HPS) that combines renewable energy sources like solar and wind with energy storage batteries and can include an optional hydrogen storage unit. The power management system controls the flow of energy and can power offshore and onshore facilities. An HPS provides clean power with minimal maintenance, reducing costs while increasing reliability compared to traditional diesel-based systems.
1) The document discusses the performance of a solar chimney power plant with collector for application in Saudi Arabia. A mathematical model is developed to estimate parameters like power output, pressure drop, chimney height, airflow properties, and overall efficiency.
2) The results showed that a solar chimney power plant with a 200m chimney height, 10m diameter chimney, and 500m collector diameter could produce 118-224 kW of average monthly electric power.
3) Recommendations are made to reduce the construction costs of solar chimney power plants.
Simulation of a small scale cogeneration system using a microturbinePietro Galli
The aim of the thesis was to develop an operating model of some sizes of Microturbines on the software eQuest.
Then used the model developed to simulate the installation of a Cogeneration (CHP) plant to satisfy the heat and electric demand of a school. The final step was to consider the economics of the investment and choosing which size and use of the turbine was the most convenient for the building.
The key topics of the project were the following:
• Collecting experimental data about some size of Microturbines
• Development of the turbine model for the software eQuest
• Development of the building following the ASHRAE standard
• Simulation of some size of Cogeneration Plants
• Analysis of the results of the simulations
• Energy auditing of the building and analysis of the cost of the current and new plant
• Choice of the best solution for the building
The thesis was developed in collaboration between Politecnico di Torino and the University of Illinois at Chicago, during the course of the double degree program TOP-UIC
Flywheel energy storage systems store kinetic energy by constantly spinning a compact rotor in a low-friction environment. When short-term backup power is needed, the rotor's inertia allows it to continue spinning and its kinetic energy is converted to electricity. Flywheels integrate a motor, flywheel rotor, and generator into a single system. The motor uses grid power to spin the flywheel, and the generator converts the flywheel's kinetic energy back into electricity. Flywheels can provide continuous power when the energy source is intermittent and deliver energy at higher rates than other sources.
This document evaluates the performance of an energy tower power plant (ETPP) without a solar collector for application in Saudi Arabia. A mathematical model is used to estimate the monthly electric power output from a 1200m tall, 400m diameter chimney under Saudi weather conditions. The results show the power tower could produce between 111.8MW and 137.8MW of electricity per month, with higher outputs in winter months. ETPPs use water spraying at the chimney top to cool air and create downdrafts to drive turbines, making them suitable for hot, dry climates like Saudi Arabia.
This document provides an overview of micro gas turbines. It discusses that micro turbines are small combustion turbines that can generate 25-500 kW of power. They have high power-to-weight ratios and reliability compared to reciprocating engines. Micro turbines are used in distributed generation applications and can utilize various fuels to provide both power and heat in a combined heat and power system. They have potential applications in India to help address power shortages by generating electricity on-site using fuels like biogas.
The document discusses Japan's national initiatives to reduce ship emissions and meet global emission challenges. It outlines 19 research projects led by ClassNK involving industry and government partners, aimed at developing technologies to reduce CO2 emissions from ships by 30%. Key areas of focus include optimizing hull design, reducing hull and propeller friction, improving engine and propulsion efficiencies, capturing waste heat, and utilizing hybrid and renewable energy systems. It provides examples of technologies under development and estimates their potential impacts on fuel consumption and emissions reductions.
power plant engineering unit wise questions from previous year question paper...ManOFF1
power plant engineering unit wise questions from previous year question papers,with JUNTA,R15 syllabus copy,b.tech,all previous year questions from different regulations are segregated unit wise,for each unit there syllabus of r15 regulation from junta,mechanical engineering,b.tech.
Solar Thermal Energy: Parabolic Trough Technology versus Tower TechnologyAbengoa
Abengoa is committed to solar thermal power and has pioneered development in tower and parabolic trough technologies. With regard to solar power alone, currently the company has an installed capacity of 2.3 GW in operation worldwide.
1) The document summarizes case studies of several cruise ships including their capacities, engines, propulsion systems, and estimated costs.
2) It also describes potential retrofit opportunities for improving energy efficiency aboard ships such as improving motor, pump and fan efficiency, improving electrical generation efficiency, and implementing waste heat recovery systems.
3) Key cost indicators for ship operations are provided including costs for various fuels, capital costs for engines and generators, and estimated costs for delivering electricity, producing potable water, and providing space cooling.
HPC DAY 2017 | Prometheus - energy efficient supercomputingHPC DAY
HPC DAY 2017 - http://www.hpcday.eu/
Prometheus - energy efficient supercomputing
Marek Magrys | Manager of Mass Storage Departament, ACC Cyfronet AGH-UST
A flywheel is a rotating device that can store energy by virtue of its motion. Flywheels face engineering challenges like withstanding high rotational speeds and energy loss. Technologies have improved flywheels by using composite materials and magnetic bearings. Flywheels have various applications including in transportation like electric rails and hybrid vehicles, and for load leveling by companies like Beacon Power Corporation and UPS.
The document discusses the design of a flywheel. A flywheel is an inertial energy storage device that absorbs mechanical energy during periods of high energy supply and releases it during periods of high energy demand. Flywheels smooth out torque fluctuations in machines like engines. Traditional flywheels are made of cast iron due to its ability to damp vibrations, but modern flywheels use composite materials. The design of a flywheel involves determining the required energy storage and moment of inertia, and defining a geometry that meets these requirements safely. Flywheels find applications in engines, compressors, and the electricity grid where they provide backup power.
Hydrogen and fuel cell technology for aerospace applicationsClementJestin
Hydrogen fuel cells show promise as an alternative power source for aircraft. A demonstration project installed a hydrogen fuel cell system on a small two-seater aircraft to test functionality. The system provided over 20kW of power and consisted of a fuel cell stack, air delivery system, heat exchanger and water management subsystem. Extensive testing was conducted including individual subsystem, semi-integrated and integrated system testing. While the fuel cell aircraft had lower performance than gas-powered versions, the technology represents an opportunity for zero-emission flight. Further improvements are needed in areas like fuel cell durability and hydrogen storage capacity.
Study of Compressed Air Energy Storage Power Generation System and its Perfor...Waqas Ali Tunio
The document summarizes a study on compressed air energy storage (CAES) power generation systems and their performance. CAES involves using off-peak electricity to compress air for storage, then releasing the compressed air to power turbines and generate electricity during peak times. The study examines both conventional CAES systems that use natural gas and a proposed wind-CAES system that uses wind turbines to compress air for storage and power generation without fossil fuels or emissions. The wind-CAES system is identified as a more sustainable and cost-effective alternative to conventional CAES.
A Homopolar Inductor Motor/Generator and Six-step Drive Flywheel Energy Stor...ImranAnsari174
This document summarizes a flywheel energy storage system prototype and a homopolar inductor motor/generator that was presented as a thesis defense. It also discusses a MEMS rotary engine power system concept to replace batteries and provide micro-watt power. Finally, it proposes a low-cost distributed solar-thermal-electric power generation system using Stirling heat engines for thermal-electric conversion.
The use of flywheels to capture and store rotational kinetic energy has been used in a range of systems for the past two hundred years or so. This document explores some of the modern applications of these devices and their implications for future use. An example of the calculation of the rotational kinetic energy is given and the parameters associated with this calculation are discussed.
Compressed air energy storage (CAES) systems store energy by compressing air and storing it underground, such as in salt caverns. During periods of low energy demand, excess electricity is used to power air compressors. The compressed air is then stored. When energy demand is high, the compressed air is released, heated with natural gas, and used to power turbine generators to produce electricity. Two commercial CAES plants currently operate in Germany and Alabama. CAES systems provide a cost-effective way to store large amounts of energy and help utilities meet peak energy demands.
Designing a High-Fidelity Full-Scope Training Simulator for a Triple-Pressure...GSE Systems, Inc.
This document describes the design and implementation of a high-fidelity simulator for two combined cycle gas turbine (CCGT) power plants. The simulator models the Alstom gas turbines, triple-pressure boilers, once-through steam generators, and steam turbines. It is fully integrated with the actual control system used at the plants, including the ABB 800xA DCS. The simulator allows for training operators on the CCGT plants in a realistic but safe environment.
The document provides an overview of various compressed air energy storage (CAES) projects currently underway worldwide. It describes several planned and existing CAES projects of different sizes in locations like Northern Ireland, Iowa, California, Ohio, and New York. Technologies discussed include General Compression's near-isothermal system, Dresser-Rand's equipment for the Texas CAES project, and SustainX's isothermal demonstration plant. The conclusion states that over 40 CAES projects are anticipated in the next 5-10 years, demonstrating growing research interest in the technology.
Compressed air energy storage is a method for storing renewable energy by compressing air and storing it in underground caverns or above ground tanks. The document discusses several existing CAES plants including Huntorf, Germany (1978) and McIntosh, Alabama (1992). It also outlines several proposed CAES projects in locations such as Texas, Ireland, Ohio, and California. CAES provides advantages such as quick start-up times, shifting cheap off-peak energy to expensive peak times, and utilizing excess renewable energy that would otherwise be wasted.
The document describes a hybrid power system (HPS) that combines renewable energy sources like solar and wind with energy storage batteries and can include an optional hydrogen storage unit. The power management system controls the flow of energy and can power offshore and onshore facilities. An HPS provides clean power with minimal maintenance, reducing costs while increasing reliability compared to traditional diesel-based systems.
1) The document discusses the performance of a solar chimney power plant with collector for application in Saudi Arabia. A mathematical model is developed to estimate parameters like power output, pressure drop, chimney height, airflow properties, and overall efficiency.
2) The results showed that a solar chimney power plant with a 200m chimney height, 10m diameter chimney, and 500m collector diameter could produce 118-224 kW of average monthly electric power.
3) Recommendations are made to reduce the construction costs of solar chimney power plants.
Simulation of a small scale cogeneration system using a microturbinePietro Galli
The aim of the thesis was to develop an operating model of some sizes of Microturbines on the software eQuest.
Then used the model developed to simulate the installation of a Cogeneration (CHP) plant to satisfy the heat and electric demand of a school. The final step was to consider the economics of the investment and choosing which size and use of the turbine was the most convenient for the building.
The key topics of the project were the following:
• Collecting experimental data about some size of Microturbines
• Development of the turbine model for the software eQuest
• Development of the building following the ASHRAE standard
• Simulation of some size of Cogeneration Plants
• Analysis of the results of the simulations
• Energy auditing of the building and analysis of the cost of the current and new plant
• Choice of the best solution for the building
The thesis was developed in collaboration between Politecnico di Torino and the University of Illinois at Chicago, during the course of the double degree program TOP-UIC
Flywheel energy storage systems store kinetic energy by constantly spinning a compact rotor in a low-friction environment. When short-term backup power is needed, the rotor's inertia allows it to continue spinning and its kinetic energy is converted to electricity. Flywheels integrate a motor, flywheel rotor, and generator into a single system. The motor uses grid power to spin the flywheel, and the generator converts the flywheel's kinetic energy back into electricity. Flywheels can provide continuous power when the energy source is intermittent and deliver energy at higher rates than other sources.
This document evaluates the performance of an energy tower power plant (ETPP) without a solar collector for application in Saudi Arabia. A mathematical model is used to estimate the monthly electric power output from a 1200m tall, 400m diameter chimney under Saudi weather conditions. The results show the power tower could produce between 111.8MW and 137.8MW of electricity per month, with higher outputs in winter months. ETPPs use water spraying at the chimney top to cool air and create downdrafts to drive turbines, making them suitable for hot, dry climates like Saudi Arabia.
This document provides an overview of micro gas turbines. It discusses that micro turbines are small combustion turbines that can generate 25-500 kW of power. They have high power-to-weight ratios and reliability compared to reciprocating engines. Micro turbines are used in distributed generation applications and can utilize various fuels to provide both power and heat in a combined heat and power system. They have potential applications in India to help address power shortages by generating electricity on-site using fuels like biogas.
The document discusses Japan's national initiatives to reduce ship emissions and meet global emission challenges. It outlines 19 research projects led by ClassNK involving industry and government partners, aimed at developing technologies to reduce CO2 emissions from ships by 30%. Key areas of focus include optimizing hull design, reducing hull and propeller friction, improving engine and propulsion efficiencies, capturing waste heat, and utilizing hybrid and renewable energy systems. It provides examples of technologies under development and estimates their potential impacts on fuel consumption and emissions reductions.
power plant engineering unit wise questions from previous year question paper...ManOFF1
power plant engineering unit wise questions from previous year question papers,with JUNTA,R15 syllabus copy,b.tech,all previous year questions from different regulations are segregated unit wise,for each unit there syllabus of r15 regulation from junta,mechanical engineering,b.tech.
Solar Thermal Energy: Parabolic Trough Technology versus Tower TechnologyAbengoa
Abengoa is committed to solar thermal power and has pioneered development in tower and parabolic trough technologies. With regard to solar power alone, currently the company has an installed capacity of 2.3 GW in operation worldwide.
1) The document summarizes case studies of several cruise ships including their capacities, engines, propulsion systems, and estimated costs.
2) It also describes potential retrofit opportunities for improving energy efficiency aboard ships such as improving motor, pump and fan efficiency, improving electrical generation efficiency, and implementing waste heat recovery systems.
3) Key cost indicators for ship operations are provided including costs for various fuels, capital costs for engines and generators, and estimated costs for delivering electricity, producing potable water, and providing space cooling.
HPC DAY 2017 | Prometheus - energy efficient supercomputingHPC DAY
HPC DAY 2017 - http://www.hpcday.eu/
Prometheus - energy efficient supercomputing
Marek Magrys | Manager of Mass Storage Departament, ACC Cyfronet AGH-UST
A flywheel is a rotating device that can store energy by virtue of its motion. Flywheels face engineering challenges like withstanding high rotational speeds and energy loss. Technologies have improved flywheels by using composite materials and magnetic bearings. Flywheels have various applications including in transportation like electric rails and hybrid vehicles, and for load leveling by companies like Beacon Power Corporation and UPS.
The document discusses the design of a flywheel. A flywheel is an inertial energy storage device that absorbs mechanical energy during periods of high energy supply and releases it during periods of high energy demand. Flywheels smooth out torque fluctuations in machines like engines. Traditional flywheels are made of cast iron due to its ability to damp vibrations, but modern flywheels use composite materials. The design of a flywheel involves determining the required energy storage and moment of inertia, and defining a geometry that meets these requirements safely. Flywheels find applications in engines, compressors, and the electricity grid where they provide backup power.
Hydrogen and fuel cell technology for aerospace applicationsClementJestin
Hydrogen fuel cells show promise as an alternative power source for aircraft. A demonstration project installed a hydrogen fuel cell system on a small two-seater aircraft to test functionality. The system provided over 20kW of power and consisted of a fuel cell stack, air delivery system, heat exchanger and water management subsystem. Extensive testing was conducted including individual subsystem, semi-integrated and integrated system testing. While the fuel cell aircraft had lower performance than gas-powered versions, the technology represents an opportunity for zero-emission flight. Further improvements are needed in areas like fuel cell durability and hydrogen storage capacity.
This document summarizes a study on designing a small-scale LNG carrier and bunkering ship with a dual-fuel engine. The study involved multiple Japanese shipbuilding and engineering companies. The target was to increase natural gas use by developing an LNG bunkering ship and coastal LNG carriers. The selected design used a dual-fuel engine, electrical propulsion system, 3,500 cubic meter LNG cargo tanks, a 38 cubic meter LNG fuel tank, and an LNG fuel supply system to provide fuel from the cargo tanks. The presentation concludes by thanking ClassNK for supporting the joint industry research program.
1) The document summarizes the design of a single propulsion system capable of performing the design mission requirements of dashing and loitering for an aircraft.
2) An "ideal" and higher performance system is designed that can dash at 150 ft/s but costs $318, while an "alternate" lower cost system capable of dashing at 100 ft/s is designed that costs $132.
3) Both systems meet the loitering requirement of circling for 7 minutes, though the ideal system can loiter much longer at 49 minutes compared to 14 minutes for the alternate system.
EnerFuel is developing a high-temperature proton exchange membrane (HT-PEM) fuel cell to serve as an electric vehicle (EV) range extender. A 3-10 kW HT-PEM fuel cell could reduce the required battery size by 9 kW and increase daily driving range by over 20 kW. This fuel cell range extender provides benefits beyond increased range like climate control and battery protection while parked. Systems in this 3-10 kW power level could also enable applications like backup power and material handling.
Cogeneration Power desalination plant - Copy.pdfKhalidAyaz3
1. Gas turbine combined cycle (GTCC) power plants are highly efficient and preferred in Gulf countries due to their use of natural gas fuel. They combine a gas turbine cycle with a heat recovery steam generator and steam turbine cycle.
2. GTCC plants are often used for cogeneration of power and desalinated water. Excess heat from the GTCC is used to produce steam for driving desalination units.
3. The efficiency of GTCC plants can be 45-58%, higher than steam turbine or gas turbine cycles alone. This is why GTCC plants are now widely used worldwide.
Combined Cycle Gas Turbine Power Plant Part 1Anurak Atthasit
Introduction to Combined Cycle Gas Turbine Power Plant. Describing the advantage and design limit of the CCGT. Overview of Brayton Cycle and Rankine Cycle - showing some basic thermodynamic to explain some background of CCGT.
APPROACH FOR ELECTRIC BIKES USING BATTERY AND SUPER CAPACITOR FOR PERFORMA...MATHEW JOSEPH
The document proposes a design for an improved electric bike that uses a hybrid energy storage system combining a lithium iron phosphate battery pack with a supercapacitor bank. This hybrid system aims to overcome the limitations of current e-bike designs such as long charging times and short battery lifespan. Specifically, the supercapacitors would provide high currents for starting and acceleration to reduce stress on the batteries and increase their lifespan, while regenerative braking and a small onboard solar panel could provide secondary charging sources. The proposed design uses more efficient and eco-friendly lithium iron phosphate batteries that have a longer life and faster charging time compared to lead-acid batteries typically used in e-bikes.
Lecture 11_PPE_Unit 3: Steam and Gas Power PlantsRushikesh Sonar
Program: Diploma in Mechanical Engineering (Semester: 5)
Course: Power Plant Engineering
Lecture 11
Unit 3: Steam and Gas Power Plants
3.7 Gas Turbine Power Plants
3.7.1 Open Cycle Gas Turbine
3.7.2 Closed Cycle Gas Turbine
3.8 Components of Gas Power Plant
3.9 Methods to improve Thermal Efficiency
3.10 Maintenance procedure for Gas Power Plant
Presented by : Prof. Rushikesh Sonar, Sandip Polytechnic, Nashik
The document provides information on the basic properties of fuel used in diesel engines, including mass density of fuel at standard and other temperatures, and heating or calorific values including higher heating value (HHV) and lower heating value (LHV). It also gives sample problems calculating engine properties like indicated power, brake power, mechanical efficiency, and thermal efficiency based on fuel consumption, heating value, temperature and other engine operating parameters.
This document discusses enhancing the flight time of multirotors using solar energy. It proposes a circuit with a secondary battery system powered by a small solar panel. The secondary battery charges continuously from the solar panel and provides additional power to the main battery during flight. Calculations are shown for designing a hexacopter model using this dual battery system. It was estimated that the solar-powered system could increase flight time by 16-30% compared to using the main battery alone. A prototype was tested and found to increase flight time by 40% compared to the non-solar model. The system allows continuous charging without removing batteries from the frame, improving usability for long-distance flights.
Sizing Optimization of Stand-Alone Wind Power System Using Hybrid Energy Stor...ijsrd.com
In this study, the hydrogen production potential and costs by using wind/electrolysis system were considered. In order to evaluate costs and quantities of produced hydrogen, number of wind-turbines and hub heights are considered as the variable Levelized cost of electricity method was used in order to determine the cost analysis of wind energy and hydrogen production. The results of calculations brought out that the electricity costs of the wind turbines and hydrogen production costs of the electrolyzers are decreased with the increase of turbine hub height. The maximum hydrogen production quantity was obtained 1420KWh/year.
STUDY OF 1.26 KW – 24 VDC PROTON EXCHANGE MEMBRANE FUEL CELL’S (PEMFC’S) PARA...ecij
The eternally intensifying exigency for electrical energy and the mount in the electricity expenditures due to the recent transience of the oil charges over and above to the desensitizing of the air standard resulting from the ejections of the obtaining energy transmutation devices have amplified exploration into substitute renewable proveniences of electrical energy. In today, there are six antithetical types of fuel cell
technologies attainable – molten carbonate fuel cells; phosphoric acid fuel cells; solid oxide fuel cells; alkaline fuel cells; polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells and direct methanol-air fuel cells. Polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cells – also known proton exchange membrane fuel cells, which are one of the uncomplicated types of fuel cell. PEMFC’s output power is unpredicted on nonlinearly on its output voltage and current. The output current of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack relies on the load located on that particular stack. This paper presents a 1.26 kW -24 Vdc PEMFC system and DC – DC boost converter topology used in 1.26 kW PEM fuel cell to fortify that the zenith obtainable output power
from a PEM membrane fuel cell is distributed to a load during a power outage bridging the start-up time and to optimize the health of the fuel cell membrane stack. A 1.26 kW – 24 Vdc PEMFC system is considered in this study as well as investigate how the output behaves.
STUDY OF 1.26 KW – 24 VDC PROTON EXCHANGE MEMBRANE FUEL CELL’S (PEMFC’S) PARA...ecij
The eternally intensifying exigency for electrical energy and the mount in the electricity expenditures due
to the recent transience of the oil charges over and above to the desensitizing of the air standard resulting
from the ejections of the obtaining energy transmutation devices have amplified exploration into substitute
renewable proveniences of electrical energy. In today, there are six antithetical types of fuel cell
technologies attainable – molten carbonate fuel cells; phosphoric acid fuel cells; solid oxide fuel cells;
alkaline fuel cells; polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells and direct methanol-air fuel cells. Polymer
electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cells – also known proton exchange membrane fuel cells, which are one
of the uncomplicated types of fuel cell. PEMFC’s output power is unpredicted on nonlinearly on its output
voltage and current. The output current of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack relies on the load
located on that particular stack. This paper presents a 1.26 kW -24 Vdc PEMFC system and DC – DC
boost converter topology used in 1.26 kW PEM fuel cell to fortify that the zenith obtainable output power
from a PEM membrane fuel cell is distributed to a load during a power outage bridging the start-up time
and to optimize the health of the fuel cell membrane stack. A 1.26 kW – 24 Vdc PEMFC system is
considered in this study as well as investigate how the output behaves.
PEM fuel cells show outstanding advantages for air-independent propulsion on submarines. Siemens has developed 30-40kW and 120kW PEM fuel cell modules that have been installed on German submarines of the U212A and planned for the U214 class. The fuel cell modules generate electric power through a chemical reaction between hydrogen and oxygen with high efficiency and no pollutant emissions.
W-10-Ch-7-Supercharging and turbocharging.pptvishnoo7
The document discusses methods for minimizing engine bulk, including supercharging and turbocharging. It provides background on the need for military engines to develop more power from less volume compared to commercial engines. Supercharging and turbocharging aim to increase power output without increasing engine bulk by packing more air into the cylinders. Supercharging uses an engine-driven compressor to pressurize intake air, while turbocharging uses a turbine powered by exhaust gas energy to drive a compressor. Both techniques allow for more fuel and air to be added, improving power and efficiency. The document outlines different supercharger and turbocharger designs and their workings.
The document summarizes the design and analysis of a solar absorption chiller with phase change material (PCM) for cooling telecommunication shelters in India. It includes the theoretical model of the absorption chiller, building simulation using TRNSYS software, analysis of system components like the solar collector and cooling tower, and economic and environmental analysis. The results show that the solar cooling system can achieve energy savings of 24,820 kWh per year and cost savings of Rs. 1,54,812 with a payback period of 9 months, while mitigating 27.8 tons of CO2 emissions annually compared to a conventional cooling system.
FMP Fram Machinary And Power numericalsMehran Iqbal
This document contains 17 multi-part engineering questions regarding internal combustion engines. The questions cover topics such as: engine parameters including power, efficiency, airflow rates; air standard cycles; fuel-air cycles; carburetors; and fuel injection systems. Calculations are provided for power, pressures, temperatures, efficiencies, fuel flow rates, and more based on given engine specifications and operating conditions.
The document discusses the thermodynamic analysis of various components of turbo jet engines. It provides details on:
1) The world's first operational turbojet engine from 1939 which was 1.48m long, 0.93m in diameter, weighed 360kg and produced 4.4kN of thrust.
2) The world's first aircraft powered by a turbojet, the He178 from 1939, which had a length of 7.48m, wingspan of 7.2m, and was powered by a 4.4kN turbojet engine.
3) The components and workings of jet engines including the intake, compressor, combustor, turbine and nozzle. The compressor increases the air pressure and
The document summarizes a research project to design, construct, and test a 25 kW compact methanol reformer unit. A compact methanol reformer was designed by Haldor Topsøe A/S to produce hydrogen from methanol with integrated catalytic combustion. Forschungszentrum Jülich prepared a test facility and assembled the system, including a 1 kW PEM fuel cell from Siemens. Testing showed the reformer could produce 6.7 m3N/(kg cat hour) of hydrogen at 95% methanol conversion and respond to changes in demand within 20 seconds. Thin palladium membranes were also developed for hydrogen separation but required additional methane reforming to remove trace carbon monoxide from the permeate. The system successfully
1. PEM Fuel Cell for a RC Aircraft By: Rebekah Achtenberg
2. Background-The Plane Sig Kadet RC Aircraft Replaced the lithium-polymer battery pack with a Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) fuel cell stack.
3. Background-The Motor Motor Data Maximum Power: 1500W Efficient Operating Current: 30-50A, 65A max 15 second Propeller Data 14 x 7
4. Fuel Cell in UAV In 2006, first fully fuel cell powered UAV 500W of total power Fuel Cell Stack 30V, 32 cells, 18.9lbs (8.6kg) Wingspan 21.6ft(6.58m) Length 7.8ft(2.38m)
5. Initial Concerns Weight distribution Fuel cells weigh more than a lithium-polymer battery pack Hydrogen tank and compressors are also required Area available for fuel cells and hydrogen storage Materials used have a lower strength than commonly used materials
6. Polarization Graph Use maximum power from engine and the maximum current to find an initial voltage needed Use polarization chart to figure out the area of cell needed and how many cells are needed
7. Hydrogen Storage Calculation Used an equivalent 2-stroke 5 oz. RC Engine Nitromethane was fuel, mf =0.17kg Stoichiometric Reaction a= 0.75, b= 1, c= 1.5, and d= 3.32 HC =-709kJ/mol QHV= 10920kJ/kg, HC (H2)=120.97MJ/kg Energy within gas tank=1.83MJ Since FC System is 2 times more efficient than a gas engine, only half of the energy needs to be used Mass H2 =0.91MJ/120.97=0.0075kg
12. Results and Suggestions For a Sig Kadet RC aircraft, using fuel cells alone does not work. Weight of additional fuel cell system is main reason for failure Using a battery in combination with a fuel cell Only need battery for takeoff and landing Use a more efficient propeller The more efficient the propeller, the less work the system needs to do Redesign of aircraft to be more suited for fuel cell use i.e. The fuel cell UAV was specifically designed for fuel cells and the design of the fuselage and wings accounted for this
13. Economic Concerns Fuel cells are extremely expensive and not as widely available Hydrogen Storage is also costly Lithium polymer batteries are readily available and comparatively inexpensive.