This document provides a summary of pelvic and genital organ anatomy as seen on cross-sectional imaging. It describes key bony landmarks of the pelvis including the sacrum, iliac bones, and pubic symphysis. It then outlines the major blood vessels including the common iliac artery and its branches. Finally, it details the muscles, urogenital organs, and gastrointestinal structures found within the male and female pelvis such as the bladder, uterus, and rectum.

1. „Selected Chapters from the
Cross-Sectional Anatomy
of the Human Body”
Pelvis and genital organs
András Jakab MD, Levente István Lánczi MD

3. Pelvis – anatomical landmarks on
cross-sectional images
 Bones
 sacrum (S1-S5), iliac bone
 acetabulum
 pubic symphysis
 ischial tuberosity
 Reproductive organs
 Urinary bladder, rectum

4. Iliac bone sacrum, lateral
promontory
part
coccyx
ischial bone
pubic bone
pubic symphysis

5. L4
Iliac crest
L5 sacroiliac joint
ala of ilium sacrum
lateral part
ant. sup. iliac spine
sacrum
Hip joint
ant. inf. iliac spine ischiadic spine
head of femur
neck of femur
obturator
symphysis
foramen
pubis

6. superior articular process
sacral canal
wing of sacrum sacrum,
basis of lateral part
sacrum
promontory

7. superior articular
sacral canal process
basis of
superior articular
sacrum process
sacral wing
promontory
lateral part
median sacral crest anterior sacral
foramen
intermediate sacral crest
lateral sacral crest apex

13. Arteries – common iliac artery
and its branches
 Bifurcation of abdominal aorta oszlás: L4
 Bifurcation of common iliac artery: in the level
of sacroiliacal joint
 External iliac a.
 On the medial part of psoas major m.
 Under the inguinal lig. – femoral a.
 Branches:
 inferior epigastric a.
 deep circumflex iliac a.

14. External iliac a. – femoral a.

15. Internal iliac a. and its
branches
 Parietal branches
 iliolumbal a. (segmental lumbal arteries)
 lateral sacral a. (sacral canal)
 superior / inferior gluteal a.
 obturator a. – acetabul ramus – femur head!!

16. Internal iliac a. and its
branches
 Visceral branches
 umbilical a. (umbilical lig)
 superior vesical a.
 inferior vesical a.
 uterine a.
 median rectal a.
 internal pudendal a.
 deep/superficial arteries of the penis

18. iliolumbal a.
lat. sacral a.
sup. gluteal a.
obturator a.
inf. gluteal a.
umbilical a.
superior vesical a.
internal
pudendal a.
uterine a. median rectal a.

20. Muscles of pelvis, abdomen and back
 Muscles of abdomen
 rectus abdominis m.
 external oblique abdominal m.
 internal oblique abdominal m.
 transverse abdominal m.
 Dorsal muscles
 psoas major m., iliacus m.
 erector spinae m., gluteus maximus, medius, inferius mm.
 Perineal muscles
 internal and external obturator mm.
 levator ani m.
 coccygeal m.
 urogenital diaphragm
 puborectal m.
 int. and ext. anal sphincter m.

21. Muscles of abdomen
rectus abdominis m.
external oblique abdominal m.
internal oblique abdominal m.
transverse abdominal m.
Dorsal muscles
psoas major m.
iliacus m.
erector spinae m.
gluteus maximus,
medius, inferius mm.

24. obturator internus m.
coccygeus m.

25. obturator internus m.
coccygeus m.
levator ani m.
int / ext. anal sphincter m.

26. pectineus m.
obturator externus m.
obturator internus m.
Outer hip
muscles and
extensors
gluteus maximus m.
levator ani m.

28. Perineal muscles bulbocavernosus m.
ischiocavernosus
m.
bulbospongiosus m.
transverse
perineal
mm.
obturator
fascia
ext. anal sphincter m.
levator ani m.
gluteus maximus m.

29. Urogenital diaphragm
Pubococcygeus m.
Iliococcygeus m.
Coccygeus m.
Sacrococcygeus m.
Rectococcygeus m.

30. Sigmoid colon and rectum
 levator ani m.
 int / ext. anal sphincter m.
 Blood supply:
 Sigmoid: inf. mesenteric a. –> sigmiod aa.
 Rectum: inf. mesenteric a. –> sup. rectal a.
internal iliac a. –> median/inf. rectal a.
levator ani m.
ext. anal sphincter m.
int. anal sphincter m.

31. superior rectal a.
levator ani m.
ext. anal sphincter m.
median rectal a.
obturator
Inferior rectal a.
internus m.

32. Urinary bladder, ureter, urethra
 Fundus, body, apex
 Ureter (medial-anterior part of the psoas
major m.)
 Male: ductus deferens, seminal vesicle
 prostate gland

39. Urogenital tract of the male
 Kidney – renal pelvis – ureter – urinary bladder
 Prostate
 Seminal vesicule – ejaculatory duct
 Testis
 Epididymis – ductus deferens –
ejaculatory duct
 Urethra
 Penis

40. Prostate – seminal vesicule
ductus deferens
seminal
vesicule
prostate, medial lobe
prostate, right/left lobe
urethra

41. Coronal AXIAL

43. Male pelvis
T2 weighted, axial MRI
Source: info-radiologie.ch

53. Female pelvis
T2 weighted, axial MRI
Source: info-radiologie.ch