a presentation on final year project B.Tech on topic Pedal poweres hacksaw machine with full figure and description and full presentation

1. Major Project
ON
PNEUMATIC SHEET METAL CUTTING MACHINE
Under the guidance of SUBMITTED BY -
Miss. Swati Gangwar Samarjeet yadav (1204240043)
Anuj Mishra (1204240008)
Ashish Dubey (1204240012)
Rituraj Singh (1204240042)
SonamVerma (1204240051)
Submitted to
Department of Mechanical Engineering
Madan Mohan Malaviya University of Technology Gorakhpur, India

2. 1.Introduction
2.Literature Survey
3.Components
3.1 Pneumatic Cylinder
3.2 Sheet Cutter
3.3 Frame Base
3.4 Two way valve
3.5 Hose Connector
3.6 Air Compressor
CONTENTS:

3. 4. Figure
5. Working
6. Cost Estimation
7. Advantages
8. Applications

4. Introduction
1. The objective of the project is to prepare a machine which cuts sheet metal without
human efforts but operates pneumatically. Compressed air is used as working media.
The compressed air moves the blades of machine to cut the sheet of metal.
2. The idea of the project generated due to a manual sheet metal sheering machine in
workshop of our college. In that machine sheet metal is placed in between the two
sheering blades of machine and the lever is pulled down to move the upper movable
blade and cut the work-piece

5. Literature Survey
In shearing operation as the punch descends upon the metal, the pressure exerted by the punch first cause the
plastic deformation of the metal. Since the clearance between the punch and the die is very small, the plastic
deformation takes place in a localized area and the metal adjacent to the cutting edges of the punch and die
edges becomes highly stressed, which causes the fracture to start on both sides of the sheet as the deformation
progresses and the sheet is sheared.
 Like hydraulics, pneumatics is a type of fluid power application where instead of an incompressible liquid,
pneumatics employ gas in their system.
 Hydraulics present certain advantages over pneumatics, but in a given application, pneumatic powered
equipment is more suitable, particularly in industries where the factory units are plumbed for compressed air.
 The air used in pneumatic devices is dried and free from moisture so that it does not create any problem to
the internal parts of the system.
 Moreover, to avoid corrosive actions, oil or lubricants are added so that friction effects can be reduced.
Compressed air is used in most of the machines and in some cases compressed carbon dioxide

6. COMPONENTS:
Various components used in our project are as follows
1. Pneumatic Cylinder
2. Sheet Cutter
3. Frame
4. Two way valve and hose connector
5. Compressor

7. PNEUMATIC CYLINDER
 Pneumatic cylinder consist piston ,piston rod
and a body or tube.
 Compressed air enters at one end of the tube
imparting
 Force on the piston which is then displaced in
order to balance the force exerted on the piston .
 Cylinders are available in a variety of sizes and
shapes and has varying stroke.
 A typical cylinder sizes range from a small 2.5
mm air cylinder which might be used for
picking up a small transistor or other
component.

8. SHEET CUTTER
 Sheet cutter are hand-operated shearing tools. They consist of a pair of metal
blades pivoted so that the sharpened edges slide against each other when the
handles (bows) opposite to the pivot are closed
 High-carbon, high chromium steel is used in production of sheet cutter

9. FRAME BASE
 It forms the robust supports to stand the machine vertically.
 It holds the weight of the vertical post and supports the direction
control valve.
 It is made of mild steel.
 It is made of rectangular base with the vertical post and the
horizontal channel.

10. TWO WAY VALVE
 A valve is a device that regulates, directs or controls the flow of a fluid (gases,
liquids, fluidized solids, or slurries) by opening, closing, or partially
obstructing various passageways.

11. Hose connector
 Hose connector is a fitting, consisting of a short piece of pipe, usually
provided with a male pipe thread at each end, for connecting two other fittings.

12. AIR COMPRESSOR
 An air compressor is a
device that converts power
(using an electric motor,
diesel or gasoline engine,
etc.) into potential energy
stored in pressurized air

13. FIGURE :(FABRICATION OF SHEET METAL CUTTING MACHINE )

14. Working
 Initially the air-compressor is started and allowed the receiver tank air pressure to
reach up to 10 bar. The supply air is then passed to the manifold.

15.  At position ‘A’ shows the non-actuated circuit diagram. At this position the piston is
steady and locked. All ports are in closed condition.
Position ‘A’
 At position ‘B’, the DC valve is at left hand position as shown in figure.

16.  When the piston moves outwards, the force is transmitted through the connecting link
and the upper blade moves downwards.
Position ‘B’

18.  Now the DC valve is operated to come at position ‘C’, as shown in figure. The compressed air comes in the
rod end of the cylinder and pushes the pistons inwards. The air already present in the cap end side is pushed
out of the cylinder.
Position ‘B’

19. Design Parameters
Specifications of the Sheet Metal :
SHEET METAL MATERIAL ALUMINIUM
THICKNESS 0.5 mm
LENGTH OF CUT 25 mm
Max. SHEAR STRENGTH OF
ALUMINIUM
30 N/mm2

20. Force Calculation
 Force required to cut the Sheet = L*t*Tmax
For sheet of 0.5 mm thickness,
force required = 25*0.5*30= 375 N
This is the force required to cut the sheet metal, however the initial force required to cut the sheet is
more and it is 140-150% than we calculated.
Therefore, max force required to cut the sheet = 525 to 562.5 N.
Now we have chosen 12 volt DC Air Compressor that
develops a pressure of 10.34 bar (150psi).
Design of Cylinder
Since the max force required to cut the sheet = 562.5 N
And pressure applied by 12 volt compressor =10.34 bar
Therefore, Force applied by the cylinder,
F = (Pi/4)*d2*P
562.5=(Pi/4)*d2*(10.34/10)
d=26.3 mm
For safety , we have taken the cylinder of diameter 30 mm.

21. Cost Estimation:
Pneumatic Cylinder ₹ 2000
Sheet Cutter ₹ 2500
Frame ₹500
Two way Valve + Connector ₹1100
Compressor ₹ 1000

22. ADVANTAGES:
 Very CHEAP compared to hydraulic shearing machine.
 With the help of compressed air, cutting becomes EASY.
 Fast cutting action is carried out.
 Cutting without bending is achieved.
 Good Surface finish
 High Accuracy

23. APPLICATIONS:
Sheet metals are used in:
 Automobile Industry
 Aircraft Industry
 Used in laminated sheet cores.
 Used in transformers and electrical machines.

24. REFERENCES
• http://www.mechengg.net/2015/03/project-on-pneumatic-sheet-
metal.html
• https://www.google.co.jp/imghp?hl=en&tab=wi&ei=cek8VqW8BqKvmAXf
vqbQDg&ved=0CBIQqi4oAQ
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shearing_(manufacturing)
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pneumatic_cylinder
• http://dir.indiamart.com/search.mp?ss=pneumatic+cylinders
• Machine Design by R.S. KHURMI
• Design of Machine Elements by V.B. BHANDARI
• Theory of Machines by Sadhu Singh

25. THANK YOU