This document discusses several theories related to voting systems and collective decision making, including: - Rawlsian theory of justice and its relevance to South Africa - Median voter theory and its potential strengths and weaknesses - Arrow's impossibility theorem - Logrolling as a means to improve majority voting outcomes - Optimal voting rule theory and whether it provides an optimal majority rule - Behavior of politicians and bureaucrats and its implications for majority voting - Origins and consequences of rent-seeking It also discusses unanimity voting, majority voting, voter preferences, and incentives in bureaucracy.