Pe5e chapter 16 v1.0
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This document discusses public debt in South Africa. It defines public debt and describes the size and composition of South Africa's public debt over time. It explains different theories of public debt and costs associated with public debt management. It identifies the goals of public debt management in South Africa as minimizing debt costs, maintaining macroeconomic stability, and developing domestic financial markets.
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The document proposes modeling the global financial crisis using a supply chain management approach. It outlines a four-layer model to show flows between countries, industries, firms, and customer segments. The model would explore flows of obligations and commitments in addition to goods, funds, and information. This would help analyze how vulnerabilities spread from the subprime mortgage crisis to the broader financial system and global economy.
Housing finance
The document discusses the history and development of housing finance in India. It explains that the Housing Development Finance Corporation was established in 1977 by the government to boost investment in housing. It also discusses the establishment of the National Housing Bank in 1998 by the Reserve Bank of India to provide housing finance to all sections of society. The National Housing Bank functions as a regulatory body for housing finance companies and issues guidelines and directions for them. It also discusses various types of appraisals conducted and fees charged by housing finance companies for disbursing housing loans.
Housing finance
The document discusses the history and development of housing finance in India. It explains that the Housing Development Finance Corporation was established in 1977 by the government to boost investment in housing. It also discusses the establishment of the National Housing Bank in 1998 by the Reserve Bank of India to provide housing finance to all sections of society. The National Housing Bank functions as a regulatory body for housing finance companies and issues guidelines and directions for them. It also discusses various types of appraisals conducted and fees charged by housing finance companies for disbursing housing loans.
INTERNATIONAL FINANCE MANAGEMENT GLOBAL FINANCE
The document provides information about various components of international money and capital markets. It discusses the international money market, where currency transactions occur between central banks. It also describes the international capital market as a system that allows those with excess funds to transfer them to those with shortages. Some key components are international equity markets, bond markets, and foreign exchange markets. It outlines different exchange rate regimes including fixed, floating, and intermediate rates. Major participants in international money markets are also listed.
Chapter #2.pptx
This document provides an overview of balance of payments concepts including:
- Definitions of the balance of payments and its components such as the current account and capital account.
- How the balance of payments works as a source and use of funds statement.
- Factors that influence the current account such as exchange rates, income, government policies, and expectations.
- Exposure related to the capital account from currency exchange rate movements and interest rate changes.
- Different exchange rate arrangements countries use such as floating rates, pegs, currency boards, and dollarization.
International financial management for entrepreneurs
The document discusses the international monetary system and related organizations. It provides details about:
1) The international monetary system regulates valuations and exchange of money across countries through rules and regulations. It facilitates capital flows and trade.
2) Key participants in the system include multinational corporations, investors, and financial institutions. Facilitating organizations are the IMF, World Bank, WTO, and others.
3) The IMF was established in 1944 and aims to promote international monetary cooperation and financial stability through surveillance, policy advice, and lending.
IB PPT.pptx
The document provides an overview of investment banking, including:
1) It discusses the concept, evolution, and functions of investment banking such as assisting with capital markets, mobilizing capital through institutional intervention, and services like mergers and acquisitions advising.
2) It describes key events that shaped the industry such as the Great Depression leading to the Glass-Steagall Act separating commercial and investment banking.
3) It outlines the types of products and services offered by investment banks such as public offers, private placements, advisory work, and underwriting.
International Trade
International economics deals with the economic relations among nations. The resulting interdependence is very important to the economic well-being of most nations of the world and is on the increase. The economic relations among nations differ from the economic relations among the various part of a nation. This gives rise to different problems, requiring somewhat different tools of analysis, and justifies International Economics as a distinct and separate branch of “Applied” Economics.
International economics deals with
1) The Pure Theory of Trade. This examines the basis for trade and the gains from trade.
2) The Theory of Commercial Policy. This studies the reasons for and the results of obstructions to the free flow of trade.
3) The Balance of Payments. This examines a nation’s total payments to and total receipts from the rest of the world. These involve the exchange of one currency with others.
4) Adjustment in the Balance of Payments. This deals with the mechanism of adjustment to balance of payments disequilibria under different international monetary systems.
MODERN MONEY: The way a sovereign currency “works”
Presentation by L. Randall Wray at the conference: Central Banks, Financial Systems, and Economic Development, Banco Central de la Republica Argentina in Buenos Aires, Argentina on 10/2/2012
Chief Economist June 2010
The document summarizes a presentation by Travis Fling, Chief Economist at the Madison County Chamber of Commerce, on current leading economic indicators and unemployment. Fling discusses national and global economic factors, components of the US economy like GDP and consumer spending, leading economic indicators for the US, Ohio, and Madison County, and offers advice to business owners on managing through the economic recession.
Defusing the debt bomb talk
This is the ppt from a talk I gave recently to an audience of elderly folk. I hope it's clear what my message is: to have a stable monetary system, we need appropriate boundaries and regulation, neither which are delivered by a market approach. It's also true that governments do not need to borrow money for investment in productive infrastructure. Feedback always welcomed.
Similar to Pe5e chapter 16 v1.0 (20)
Macroeconomics II: ISLM Framework, Monetary, and Fiscal Policy,
Macroeconomics II: ISLM Framework, Monetary, and Fiscal Policy,
International financial management for entrepreneurs
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MODERN MONEY: The way a sovereign currency “works”
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Does teamwork really matter? Looking beyond the job posting to understand lab...
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Vicinity Jobs’ data includes more than three million 2023 OJPs and thousands of skills. Most skills appear in less than 0.02% of job postings, so most postings rely on a small subset of commonly used terms, like teamwork.
Laura Adkins-Hackett, Economist, LMIC, and Sukriti Trehan, Data Scientist, LMIC, presented their research exploring trends in the skills listed in OJPs to develop a deeper understanding of in-demand skills. This research project uses pointwise mutual information and other methods to extract more information about common skills from the relationships between skills, occupations and regions.2. Elemental Economics - Mineral demand.pdf
After this second you should be able to: Explain the main determinants of demand for any mineral product, and their relative importance; recognise and explain how demand for any product is likely to change with economic activity; recognise and explain the roles of technology and relative prices in influencing demand; be able to explain the differences between the rates of growth of demand for different products.
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Independent Study - College of Wooster Research (2023-2024)
"Does Foreign Direct Investment Negatively Affect Preservation of Culture in the Global South? Case Studies in Thailand and Cambodia."
Do elements of globalization, such as Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), negatively affect the ability of countries in the Global South to preserve their culture? This research aims to answer this question by employing a cross-sectional comparative case study analysis utilizing methods of difference. Thailand and Cambodia are compared as they are in the same region and have a similar culture. The metric of difference between Thailand and Cambodia is their ability to preserve their culture. This ability is operationalized by their respective attitudes towards FDI; Thailand imposes stringent regulations and limitations on FDI while Cambodia does not hesitate to accept most FDI and imposes fewer limitations. The evidence from this study suggests that FDI from globally influential countries with high gross domestic products (GDPs) (e.g. China, U.S.) challenges the ability of countries with lower GDPs (e.g. Cambodia) to protect their culture. Furthermore, the ability, or lack thereof, of the receiving countries to protect their culture is amplified by the existence and implementation of restrictive FDI policies imposed by their governments.
My study abroad in Bali, Indonesia, inspired this research topic as I noticed how globalization is changing the culture of its people. I learned their language and way of life which helped me understand the beauty and importance of cultural preservation. I believe we could all benefit from learning new perspectives as they could help us ideate solutions to contemporary issues and empathize with others.
一比一原版(GWU,GW毕业证)加利福尼亚大学|尔湾分校毕业证如何办理
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留信网认证的作用:
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2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
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"Does Foreign Direct Investment Negatively Affect Preservation of Culture in the Global South? Case Studies in Thailand and Cambodia."
Do elements of globalization, such as Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), negatively affect the ability of countries in the Global South to preserve their culture? This research aims to answer this question by employing a cross-sectional comparative case study analysis utilizing methods of difference. Thailand and Cambodia are compared as they are in the same region and have a similar culture. The metric of difference between Thailand and Cambodia is their ability to preserve their culture. This ability is operationalized by their respective attitudes towards FDI; Thailand imposes stringent regulations and limitations on FDI while Cambodia does not hesitate to accept most FDI and imposes fewer limitations. The evidence from this study suggests that FDI from globally influential countries with high gross domestic products (GDPs) (e.g. China, U.S.) challenges the ability of countries with lower GDPs (e.g. Cambodia) to protect their culture. Furthermore, the ability, or lack thereof, of the receiving countries to protect their culture is amplified by the existence and implementation of restrictive FDI policies imposed by their governments.
My study abroad in Bali, Indonesia, inspired this research topic as I noticed how globalization is changing the culture of its people. I learned their language and way of life which helped me understand the beauty and importance of cultural preservation. I believe we could all benefit from learning new perspectives as they could help us ideate solutions to contemporary issues and empathize with others.Earn a passive income with prosocial investing
Invest in prosocial funds that earn you an income while improving the world
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In a tight labour market, job-seekers gain bargaining power and leverage it into greater job quality—at least, that’s the conventional wisdom.
Michael, LMIC Economist, presented findings that reveal a weakened relationship between labour market tightness and job quality indicators following the pandemic. Labour market tightness coincided with growth in real wages for only a portion of workers: those in low-wage jobs requiring little education. Several factors—including labour market composition, worker and employer behaviour, and labour market practices—have contributed to the absence of worker benefits. These will be investigated further in future work.Recently uploaded (20)
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G20 summit held in India. Proper presentation for G20 summit
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Pe5e chapter 16 v1.0
- 2. • Define public debt • Describe salient characteristics of the size, composition, and nature of public debt in South Africa • Explain and compare different theories of public debt and evaluate them critically • Argue the relative merits of debt and tax financing of government expenditure • Define public debt management • Identify and describe the different types of public debt cost • Identify the goals of public debt management and discuss their pursuance, with special reference to South Africa.
- 3. • Treasury bill • Government bonds • Zero-coupon bonds. Public debt may be defined as the sum of all the outstanding financial liabilities of the public sector in respect of which there is a primary legal responsibility to repay the original amount borrowed (sometimes called the principal of debt) and to pay interest (sometimes called debt servicing).
- 4. Period Public debt (year-end) as % of GDP, period average 1960 – 69 44.7 1970 – 79 39.7 1980 – 89 32.4 1990 – 94 41.1 1994 – 1999 49.0 2000 – 2004 40.9 2005 – 2009 29.0 2010* 33.5 * Preliminary figure Source: South African Reserve Bank, Quarterly Bulletin
- 5. • Debt trap • Ownership distribution • Current expenditure • Capital expenditure • Net worth • Net indebtedness • Consul.
- 6. • Inter-temporal burden • Domestic or internal debt • Foreign or external debt • Internal vs external debt and the burden on future generations • Inter-temporal burden • Fiscal neutrality and Ricardian equivalence • Fiscal activism and Keynsian demand management • The crowding-out phenomenon • The public choice view.
- 9. • Allocation efficiency • Distribution (equity) • Macroeconomic stability.
- 10. Objectives • Minimisation of state debt cost • Macroeconomic stability • Development of domestic financial markets • Financial credibility.
- 11. • P = E/I • Primary dealers or market makers • Government net worth • Mark to market • Discount price • Bond discount • Foreign exchange cost.
- 13. • Horizontal or flat • Negatively sloped or inverse • Upward sloped or positive.
- 14. Two questions • Can the country service its debt? • Will the country service its debt?
- 15. • Explicit – Government guarantees on foreign exchange borrowings • Implicit – No contractual obligation to provide assistance but does so.