Volleyball was invented in 1895 by William G. Morgan as a less strenuous alternative to basketball for older men. It involved hitting a ball over a net using hands. The game became popular in schools and the military. Major rule changes in the early 20th century and standardization led to widespread acceptance. Key skills in volleyball include serving to put the ball in play, digging/passing of hard-driven attacks, and fundamental underhand, overhand, and sidearm serving techniques.

1. PHYSICAL EDUCATION 8
LESSON 4: THE NATURE AND BACKGROUND OF
VOLLEYBALL
WEEK 4 P.E

2. BRIEF INTRODUCTION
▪ Volleyball is a team sport that is played on a court with a high net by two
(2) teams with six (6) persons on each team court. It may be played by all
males, all females, or mixed teams with net height adjustments for boys,
girls, or age-group differences; and using a variety of playing surfaces; wood,
rubberized materials, or grass.
▪ The basic objective of the game is to keep the ball that is served over the net,
from contacting the floor on your side and to return it so that it contacts the
floor on the opponent’s side before they can return it. The team that fails to
return the ball within the specific limits loses the chance to serve and gives
a point to the team’s opponent.
▪ In the game of volleyball, the cooperation of the members of the team is
important.

3. THE HISTORY OF VOLLEYBALL
VOLLEYBALL WAS FIRST
DEVELOPED BY WILLIAM G.
MORGAN. AFTER GRADUATION
FROM SPRINGFIELD COLLEGE IN
MASSACHUSETTS IN 1895,
WILLIAM G. MORGAN TOOK A
POSITION AS PHYSICAL DIRECTOR
OF THE HOLYOKE YOUNG MEN’S
CHRISTIAN ASSOCIATION. THE
MAIN ACTIVITY WAS BASKETBALL,
A RELATIVELY STRENUOUS SPORT
FOR THE BUSINESSMEN WHO
USED THE FACILITIES OF THE
GYMNASIUM. SOME OLDER MEN
DID NOT LIKE IT BECAUSE OF THE
ROUGHNESS OF THE GAME.

4. 1896 AT A YMCA CONFERENCE AT SPRINGFIELD COLLEGE, MR.
MORGAN PUBLICIZED A NEW GAME. A NET 6 FEET 6 INCHES WAS
STRETCHED ACROSS THE GYMNASIUM. THE MAIN OBJECT OF
THIS NEW GAME WAS TO HIT THE BALL BACK AND FORTH OVER
THE NET WITH THE HANDS. THE GAME WAS STARTED WITH A
SERVE. THE SERVER WAS ALLOWED THREE “OUTS” AFTER WHICH
THE OPPOSITE TEAM WAS PERMITTED TO SERVE. TO CONSTITUTE
AN OUT, THE BALL HAD TO LAND OUT-OF-BOUNDS OR HIT THE
FLOOR ON A SECOND BOUNCE. THE GAME WAS INTRODUCED AS
“MINTONETTE” BUT AFTER WATCHING THE GAME, A FACULTY
MEMBER OF SPRINGFIELD COLLEGE, DR. ALFRED T. HALSTEAD,
RECOMMENDED THAT THE NAME BE CHANGED TO VOLLEYBALL.
SHORTLY AFTER THE GAME’S INVENTION, MR. MORGAN DREW UP
SPECIFICATIONS FOR A SPECIAL BALL.

5. BY 1912, SEVERAL RULE CHANGES HAD BEEN MADE. VOLLEYBALL
BECAME VERY POPULAR WITH SCHOOLS, COLLEGES,
PLAYGROUNDS, AND THE ARMED FORCES. IN 1928, THE UNITED
STATES VOLLEYBALL ASSOCIATION WAS FORMED.
THE FIVB-SPONSORED WORLD VOLLEYBALL CHAMPIONSHIPS (FOR
MEN ONLY IN 1949; FOR BOTH MEN AND WOMEN IN 1952 AND
SUCCEEDING YEARS) LED TO ACCEPTANCE OF STANDARDIZED
PLAYING RULES AND OFFICIATING. THE GAME VOLLEYBALL WAS
INTRODUCED IN THE PHILIPPINES BY THE YMCA IN 1910. THIS
SPORT BECAME AN OLYMPIC SPORT IN1964 DURING THE TOKYO
OLYMPIC.
THE 2000 OLYMPICS INTRODUCED SIGNIFICANT RULE CHANGES TO
INTERNATIONAL COMPETITION. ONE CHANGE CREATED THE
LIBERO, A PLAYER ON EACH TEAM WHO SERVES AS A DEFENSIVE
SPECIALIST.

6. EQUIPMENT
USED IN
VOLLEYBALL:
The ball

7. EQUIPMENT
USED IN
VOLLEYBALL:
The net and
posts

8. EQUIPMENT
USED IN
VOLLEYBALL:
The antenna

9. EQUIPMENT
USED IN
VOLLEYBALL:
The court

10. PHYSICAL EDUCATION 8
LESSON 5: FUNDAMENTAL SKILLS IN VOLLEYBALL:
DIGGING
WEEK 5 P.E

11. DIGGING
▪ refers to passing but specifically when you’re playing
defense against your opponent’s attacks. This skill is
important when you’re trying to keep a rally going and
your team needs to play defense really well.
▪ Libero, in modern volleyball refers to the player who
cannot play in front of the attack line, has different color
of jersey uniform and can be substituted even without
the help of the second referee.

12. HERE ARE THE INSTRUCTIONS ON HOW TO
EXECUTE DIG PROPERLY:
1. YOU NEED TO STAY LOW WHILE PLAYING DEFENSE. THIS MEANS KEEPING YOUR
KNEES BENT AND STAYING ON YOUR TOES SO YOU CAN MOVE QUICKLY TO THE BALL.
2. ALSO, KEEP YOUR EYES ON WHERE THE BALL IS GOING AND WHAT THE BALL IS
DOING SO YOU KNOW WHO IS ATTACKING THE BALL AND WHAT KIND OF ATTACK IS
COMING (HARD-DRIVEN BALL, TIP, ROLL SHOT, ETC.).
3. ONCE YOU’VE ESTABLISHED THE BALL IS COMING TOWARD YOU AND AT WHAT
SPEED, YOU CAN ADJUST YOUR PLATFORM ACCORDINGLY. IF THE BALL IS COMING
QUICKLY, KEEP YOUR PLATFORM STABLE AND ABSORB THE BALL A LITTLE BIT BY
SHRUGGING YOUR SHOULDERS TO AVOID SHANKING IT.
4. ON THE FLIPSIDE, IF THE BALL WAS TIPPED, YOU NEED TO ADD A LITTLE SWING TO
YOUR PLATFORM WHEN YOU CONTACT THE BALL TO MAKE YOUR PASS HIGHER AND
REACHABLE FOR THE SETTER.

13. LESSON 6: FUNDAMENTAL SKILLS OF VOLLEYBALL:
SERVICE
WEEK 6 P.E

14. IS THE METHOD OF PUTTING THE BALL IN
PLAY OVER THE NET BY STRIKING IT WITH
THE HAND. THE MOST USED SERVICE IN
VOLLEYBALL ARE UNDERHAND,
OVERHAND AND SIDE ARM SERVE.
SERVING

15. PROPER MECHANICS IN DOING THE UNDERHAND SERVE:
1. STAND FACING THE NET WITH THE LEFT FOOT SLIGHTLY FORWARD AND THE WEIGHT ON THE
RIGHT FOOT.
2. HOLD THE BALL WITH THE LEFT HAND WITH THE LEFT ARM ACROSS AND A LITTLE IN FRONT
OF THE BODY AND THE BALL RESTING ON THE
PADS OF THE LEFT FINGERS.
3. STEP LEFT FOOT FORWARD, TRANSFERRING THE WEIGHT TO
THE FRONT FOOT AND AT THE SAME TIME; BRING THE
RIGHT ARM BACK IN A PREPARATORY MOTION.
4. SWING THE RIGHT HAND FORWARD AND
CONTACT THE BALL, JUST BELOW THE CENTER.
5. THE BALL CAN BE HIT WITH AN OPEN HAND
OR WITH THE FIST EITHER FACING FORWARD OR SIDEWARD.
6. FOLLOW THROUGH WITH THE ARM TO ENSURE A SMOOTH SERVE.
*NOTE: THESE DIRECTIONS ARE FOR A RIGHT-HANDED SERVE. FOR THE LEFT-HANDED SERVE,
REVERSE THE POSITION AND MOVEMENTS.
PROPER

16. PROPER MECHANICS IN DOING THE OVERHAND SERVE
1. STAND WITH THE LEFT FOOT IN FRONT AND THE LEFT SIDE OF THE
BODY TURNED SOMEWHAT TOWARD THE NET WITH THE WEIGHT ON BOTH
FEET.
2. HOLD THE BALL IN THE LEFT HAND DIRECTLY IN FRONT OF THE FACE.
3. TOSS THE BALL STRAIGHT UP SHIFTING THE WEIGHT TO THE BACK
FOOT. THE HEIGHT OF THE TOSS IS A MATTER OF CHOICE, BUT FROM 3 TO
5 FT. IS SUGGESTED.
4. CONTACT THE BALL WITH THE OPEN PALM OR WITH THE FIST ABOVE
THE SHOULDER AS THE BALL DROPS THUS SHIFTING THE WEIGHT TO THE
FORWARD FOOT WHICH CAN TAKE A SHORT STEP FORWARD.
* NOTE: AN EFFECTIVE SERVE IS ONE THAT HAS NO SPIN-A FLOATER. THE
DIRECTIONS ARE FOR A RIGHT – HANDED SERVE. FOR THE LEFT-HANDED
SERVE, REVERSE THE POSITION AND MOVEMENTS.

17. PROPER MECHANICS IN DOING THE SIDEARM SERVE
1. TAKE A FORWARD STRIDE POSITION BEHIND THE END LINE WITH THE
LEFT SIDE TOWARD THE NET.
2. HOLD THE BALL WITH THE LEFT HAND IN FRONT OF THE BODY AND
OVER OR SLIGHTLY AHEAD OF THE LEFT FOOT.
3. BRING THE RIGHT ARM WHICH SHOULD BE FULLY EXTENDED TO
APPROXIMATELY SHOULDER LEVEL AND SHIFT WEIGHT TO THE REAR
FOOT.
4. MOVE THE RIGHT ARM FORWARD TO CONTACT THE BALL WITH
EITHER THE HEEL OF THE HAND OR A CLOSED FIST.
5. FOLLOW THROUGH IN THE DIRECTION IN WHICH THE BALL IS TO
TRAVEL.
ACTIVITIES