प्राङ्गरिक-कृषि-उत्पादन-मापदण्ड-सम्वन्धी-निर्देशिका-२०६४.pdf

k|fËfl/s s[lif pTkfbg tyf k|zf]wg k|0ffnLsf] /fli6«o k|fljlws
dfkb08 ;DaGwL lgb]{lzsf, @)^$ -;+zf]wg @)^%_
-g]kfn ;/sf/af6 :jLs[t ldltM @)^%÷!!÷@)_
g]kfn ;/sf/
s[lif tyf ;xsf/L dGqfno
l;+xb/jf/, sf7df08f}
@)^%

ii
dGtJo
:yfgLo :t/df pknAw k|fs[lts ;|f]t / ;fwgx?sf] ;xL pkof]uaf6 dfq b]zdf bL3{sflng
of]hgfåf/f nlIft pRr cfly{s j[l4 b/ xf+l;n x'g ;Sg] b]lvG5 . o;} cfwf/df /fli6«o s[lif
gLlt, @)^!n] Úk|fs[lts ;|f]t, jftfj/0f / h}ljs ljljwtfsf] ;+/If0f, ;Da4{g Pj+ ;b'kof]u
ug]{{Ú p2]Zo lnPsf] 5 eg] tTkZrft sfof{Gjogdf /x]sf] lqjifL{o cGtl/d of]hgfn]
jftfj/0f d}qL k|ljwLsf] ljsf; Pj+ lj:tf/ ug]{, kof{j/0f tyf s[lif h}ljs ljljwtfsf]
;+/If0f Pj+ ;Da4{g ug]{, vfB Pj+ kf]if0f ;'/Iffsf] ;'lglZrttf ug]{ / k|fËfl/s tyf h}ljs
dnsf] k|of]udf a9fjf lbg] h:tf /0fgLltx? lnPsf] 5 . o; ;Gbe{df, ljBdfg s[lif
k|0ffnL, pknJw ;|f]t tyf ;fwg / s[lif pkhsf nflu b]lvPsf] cfGtl/s tyf jfXØ ahf/–
:j?knfO{ b[li6ut ubf{ g]kfnsf] lbuf] ljsf;sf nflu k|fËfl/s s[lif k|0ffnLsf] k|jw{g Pj++
lj:tf/ ug'{nfO{ ;fdflhs–cfly{s Pj+ jftfj/0fLo b[li6n] pQd ljsNksf] ?kdf klxrfg
ul/G5 . cem :jR5 / /;fog d'Qm vfB pkh k|ltsf] hgrf;f] / vfB ;'/Iff ;DaGwL
a9|bf] hgr]tgfn] vfB ahf/df k|fËfl/s s[lif pkhx?sf] dfu a9|b} hfg' / cfk"lt{sf]
sf/f]jf/ x'g yfNg'af6 g]kfn h:tf] d'n'snfO{ k|fËfl/s s[lif Joj:yfkgaf6 t'ngfTds ?kdf
al9 kmfO{bf x'g] b]lvG5 . o;y{ b]zdf k|fËfl/s s[lif k|0ffnLsf] k|jw{g Pj++ lj:tf/ x'g' /
o;sf nflu k|fËfl/s pkhx?sf] u'0f:t/ Plsg u/L k|df0fLs/0f ug]{ Joj:yf x'g' cfjZos
b]lvPsf] x'+bf k|:t't k|fËfl/s s[lif pTkfbg tyf k|zf]wg k|0ffnLsf] /fli6«o k|fljlws dfkb08
;DaGwL lgb]{lzsf, @)^$ sfof{Gjogdf NofO{Psf] 5 . o;af6 pko{'Qm cfjZostf k'/f ug{
dfu{ k|;:t x'g] cfzf ul/Psf] 5 .
ljleGg r/0fdf k|fKt /fo, ;'emfj / k|ltlqmofx?nfO{ ;d]6L to ul/Psf] o; lgb]{lzsf
tof/Lsf qmddf of]ubfg k'¥ofpg' x'g] ;d:t JoltmTj nufot k|fËfl/s v]lt /fli6«o
;dGjo ;ldlt, g]kfn kdf{sNr/ ;d'x, lgb]{lzsf tof/L sfo{bn Pj+ s[lif jftfj/0f tyf
h]]]]}ljs ljljwtf zfvfnfO{ wGojfb lbg rfxG5' .
6]s axfb'/ yfkf
;lrj
s[lif tyf ;xsf/L dGqfno

iii
dGtJo
:yfgLo ;|f]t, ;fwg / ;fdu|Lsf] k|of]uaf6 pTkflbt s[lif pkhx?sf] u'0f:t/ /fli6«o tyf
cGt/fli6«o ahf/df pkef]Qmfx? dfem :ki6 ug{ o:tf pkhx?sf] u'0f:t/ lgwf{/0f u/L
k|df0fLs/0f ug]{ k|lqmofsf] ckl/xfo{tf /xG5 . o;} cg'?k /fli6«o s[lif gLlt, @)^! / o;}
cfwf/df ;+rflnt lqjifL{o cGtl/d of]hgfn] b]zdf k|fËfl/s v]ltsf] k|jw{g / o;sf nflu
s[lifhGo pkhx?sf] k|fËfl/s k|df0fLs/0f ug]{ Joj:yf x'g dfu{ bz{g ub{5g . g]kfnaf6
lgof{t x'g ;Sg] j:t'x?df d'VotM Ús[lifÚ tyf Ús[lif pTkfbgdf cfwfl/t cf}Bf]lusÚ pkhx?
g} x'g . ljZj ahf/df k|lt:kwf{ ug{sf] nflu klg g]kfnn] k|fËfl/s s[lifsf] k|j4{g Pj+
lj:tf/ ug'{ kg]{ b]lvG5 . o; ;Gbe{df s[lif pkhx?sf] k|fËfl/s v]lt Pj+ k|zf]wgnfO{ a9jf
lbg / o:tf pkhx?nfO{ k|fËfl/s u'0f:t/ ;'lglZrt x'g] u/L cfGtl/s Pj+ jfXØ ahf/df
n}hfg k|fËfl/s v]lt÷k|zf]wg ;DaGwL dfkb08 to u/L k|df0fLs/0f k|s[ofnfO{ ;+:yfut ug'{
kg]{ cfjZostfnfO{ Wofgdf /fvL k|fËl/s s[lif pTkfbg tyf k|zf]wg k|0ffnLsf] /fli6«o
k|fljlws dfkb08 ;DaGwL lgb]{lzsf, @)^$ -;+zf]wg @)^% ;lxt_ sfof{Gjogdf NofO{Psf]
5 .
o; lgb]{lzsfn] k|fËfl/s pkhdf cfwfl/t ls;fg, Jokf/L, k|zf]ws, ;xsf/L tyf cGo
Joj;foLx?nfO{ ;xof]u k'Ug] cfzf /flvPsf] 5 . lgb]{lzsf sfof{Gjogsf ljleGg r/0fx?
h:t} k|fËfl/s pkh pTkfbg cfof]hgf :jLs[lt Pj+ ;+rfng, u'0f:t/ lgwf{/0f Pj+ lgoGq0f,
cfof]hgf lg/LIf0f / k|df0fLs/0f ;DaGwL sfo{x? ;/sf/L Pj+ ;/f]sf/ /fVg] lghL If]qx?
ljrsf] k|efjsf/L ;dGjo / ;xsfo{df dfq ;xh ?kdf ;+rfngdf cfpg ;Sg] tYonfO{
dgg u/L o;sf] sfo{fGjogdf ;j} If]qsf] /rgfTds ;xof]u /xg] ck]Iff ul/Psf] 5 .
lgb]{lzsfsf] k|f/lDes d:of}bf tof/ ug]{ sfo{df dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf lgjf{x ug]{ g]kfn
kdf{sNr/ ;d'x / o;df ;+nUg sfo{bnsf ;b:ox?+, ljleGg r/0fsf cGt/lqmofx?df /fo,
;'emfj tyf k|ltlqmof lbO{ ;xof]u ug]{ dxfg'efjx? / k|:t't k|ltlqmofx?nfO{ ;d]6L
lgb]{lzsfnfO{ clGtd ?kdf Nofpg] s[lif jftfj/0f tyf h}]ljs ljljwtf zfvfsf al/i7
afujfgL ljsf; clws[tx? 8f= bLks dl0f kf]v|]n, /fd axfb'/ >]i7 / ljBf kf08]nfO{
wGojfb lbg rfxG5' .
8f= xl/ bfxfn
;x–;lrj
n}lËs ;dtf tyf jftfj/0f dxfzfvf
s[lif tyf ;xsf/L dGqfno .

iv
ljifo–;"rL
k|:tfjgf 1
efu !M kl/ro 2
!=! k[i7e"ld 2
!=@ k|fËfl/s s[lif / o;sf] dxTj 3
!=# k|fËfl/s s[lifsf] cfwf/e"t l;4fGt 3
!=$ k|fËfl/s pkh k|df0fLs/0f 4
efu @M k|fËfl/s s[lif pTkfbg tyf k|zf]wg 5
@=!= k|of]udf cfpg] zAbfjnL 5
@=@= k|fËfl/s s[lif pTkfbg tyf k|zf]wg k|0ffnLsf] p2]Zo 7
@=# k|fËfl/s s[lifsf cfwf/x? 8
@=$ k|fËfl/s s[lif pTkfbg tyf k|zf]wg ubf{ Wofg lbg' kg]{ ljifox? 2
@=%= k|fËfl/s s[lifsf] dfu{bz{s l;4fGtx? 9
efu #M k|fËfl/s s[lifsf] dfkb08 10
efu $M k|fËfl/s k|df0fLs/0f ;+/rgf 19

k|:tfjgf (Preamble)
cfGt/Ls Pj jf+XØ ahf/df k|fËfl/s vfB j:t' Pj+ cGo s[lif tyf kz'hGo pkhx?sf]
dfu lbgfg'lbg a9b} u}//x]sf] / b]zsf clwsf+z hgtf s[lifdf cfwf/Lt ePsf] kl/k|]Ifdf
k|f+Ëfl/s s[lif pTkfbg tyf k|zf]wgaf6 s[ifs ju{sf] cfo cfh{gdf j[l4 tyf j}b]lzs d'b|f
cfh{gsf] e/kbf]{ dfWod x'g'sf] ;fy} k/Dk/fut 1fg, lzk / snfsf] ;+/If0f, s[lif
pTkfbsTj tyf hldgsf] pj{/f zlQmdf j[l4, pTkfbg k|lqmofdf k'gk{|of]u /
k'ghL{ljt÷k'gp{Tkfbg x'g] k|ljlwsf] k|j4{g, df6f]÷hn ;Dkbfsf] lbuf] / :j:Yos/
pkof]udf k|f]T;fg, s[lif k|0ffnLaf6 pT;lh{t k|b"if0fsf] Go"lgs/0f / cfg'j+lzs tyf hftLo
ljljwtfsf] ;+/If0f x'g] k4ltsf] ljsf;jf6 jftfj/0f ;+/If0f ;d]t x'g hfg] ePsf]n]
k|fËfl/s s[lif tyf kz'hGo pkhx?sf] –
pTkfbgdf /;folgs dn,+ ljiffbL / ljleGg /f;folgs cf}ifwLx? / k|zf]wg sfo{df
of]uzLnx?sf] k|of]udf lgoGq0f u/L vfB :jR5tf sfod ug{,
pTkfbg, k|zf]wg / ahf/Ls/0fsf ljleGg r/0fx?df k|f+ufl/s kbfy{sf] u'0f:t/
sfod ug{,
pkef]Qmfx?nfO{ :jR5 pTkfbg, k|zf]wg Pj+ ahf/Ls/0fsf] k|Tofet ug{,
u'0f:t/ cGt/f{li6«o df+u÷dfkb08 ;/x sfod u/L o:tf pkhx?sf]
Jofkf/÷Joj;fo clej[l4 ug{
rfn' cfjlws of]hgf, /fli6«o s[lif gLlt, @)^! / s[lif Joj;fo k|jw{g gLlt, @)^# sf
cfwf/df of] lgb]{lzsf tof/ ul/Psf] 5 . of] lgb]{lzsf k|fËfl/s pTkfbg k|0ffnL / k|f+ufl/s
s[lifsf] l;4fGt cg';f/ pTkflbt s[lif tyf kz'hGo pkh / ltgaf6 k|zf]lwt kbfy{x?sf]
u'0f:t/ k|dfl0fs/0f / lgoGq0fsf nflu nfu ul/g]5 . o;sf nflu lgb]{lzsfn] pTkfbg b]lv
k|zf]wg, n]jln+u, lgl/If0f / ahf/Ls/0f ;Ddsf ;j} sfo{x?nfO{ ;d]6g] 5 . k|fËfl/s
k|ljlwaf6 pTkfbg÷k|zf]wg u/L ;rs–kq -label_ df biodynamic, organic, ecological jf
biological h:tf zAbx? /fvL ljlqm ljt/0f ul/g] pkh÷pTkfbgx? of] lgb]{lzsf cg';f/
k|dfl0ft ul/g' kb{5 . lgb]{lzsfnfO{ lj:t[t Pj+ k|fËfl/s pTkfbgx?sf] cGt//fli6«o
dfkb08;+u ;dfgLs/0f ug{ cfjZos kl/dfh{g ub}{ nlug]5 .

2
efu !M kl/ro (Introduction)
!=! k[i7eld (Background)
g]kfndf k/Dk/fut s[lif k|0ffnL cGtu{t k|fËfl/s v]lt ckgfO{b} cfPsf] ePtf klg o;df
;do ;fk]If ;'wf/ x'g g;Sbf cfzfltt pknlAw xfl;n ug{ ;lsPsf] 5}g . s[lif tyf
kz'hGo pTkfbg j[l4sf nflu dn, ljifflb, xdf]{g nufot ljleGg /;fogx?sf] k|of]u
lj:tf/} a9b} uO{ /x]sf]5 . xl/t qmflGt k|jlt{t s[lif k|0ffnLsf] lj;+ult :j?k o;af6
l;lh{t pTkfbsTjsf] x|f;, vfB kbfy{sf] cefj / pknAw vfB kbfy{sf] u'0f:t/df x|f;
h:tf ljleGg ;d:ofx? b]lvO;s]sf 5g eg] s[lif If]qdf Jofks ?kn] a9b} uPsf] ljifflb
k|of]u, vfB kbfy{df cvfB j:t'sf] ld;fj6 / hg:jf:Yosf ljifodf hgrf;f] al9/fv]sf]
5 . ;fy} cGt/f{li6«o ahf/df a9bf] k|fËfl/s pTkfbgsf] dfunfO{ Wofgdf /fVbf oy]i7
k|fËfl/s pTkfbg ug{ ;s] a}b]lzs Aofkf/sf] a[l4 eO{ b]zsf] cfly{s ljsf;df of]ubfg x'g]]
b]lvG5 .
g]kfndf vfB j:t'x?sf] u'0f:t/ sfod ug{ / pkef]Qmf xs / clwsf/nfO{ ;+/If0f ug{
k|of;x? eO{ /x]sf 5g . o; cGtu{t vfB P]g @)@#, vfB lgodfjnL @)@, pkef]Qmf
;+/If0f P]g @)%$ / pkef]Qmf ;+/If0f lgodfjnL @)%^ nfu eO{ ;s]sf 5g . pkef]Qmf
;+/If0f P]g @)%$ cg';f/ pkef]Qmf ;+/If0f kl/ifb ;d]t u7g ePsf] 5 / pkef]Qmf
;+/If0f P]g÷lgodfjnLsf] cfwf/df v'nf tyf Kofs]lhË ePsf pTkflbt÷k|zf]lwt j:t'x?df
x'g] u/]sf cvfB j:t'x?sf] ld;fj6 GogLs/0f ug]{ k|of; ePsf] kfO{G5 . ;f]
P]g÷lgodfjnLdf pTkfbg k|lqmof ;d]tsf] u'0f:t/ sfod ug]{ k|oTg ePsf] b]lvPtf klg
s[lif tyf kz'hGo jfnL pTkfbgdf s[ifsn] cjnDjg ug'{kg]{ laifo / /f;folgs dn,
sL6gfzs ljiffbL / cGo /f;fogx?sf] k|of]u ;DaGwL k|i6 pNn]v ePsf] kfO{+b}g . lg/LIf0f
tyf k|df0fLs/0fsf] ;jfndf KoflsË u/]sf vfB kbfy{df g]kfn u'0f:t/ lrGx -NS dfs{_
sf] k|of]u afx]s k|zf]wgsf nflu sRrf kbfy{ / pTkfbg u/L pkef]Qmf ;Dd vfBj:t'
cfklt{ x'Fbf cjnDjg ul/g'kg]{ pTkfbg tyf ljt/0fsf k|s[ofut dfkb08sf] cefj 5 .
;fy} k|fËfl/s s[lif pkh / vfBfÌ k|ltsf]] hgr]tgf / o;sf nflu ahf/df a9bf] ?kdf
b]lvPsf] df+u / cfklt{nfO{ Wofgdf /fvL g]kfndf klg k|fËfl/s s[lif pkh Joj:yfkg tyf
k|df0fLs/0fsf] cfjZostf b]lvPsf] 5 .
a9b} uO{/x]sf] pTkfbg nfut, jftfj/0fLo ljgfz / hn–k|bif0f, hldgsf] pj{/fzlQm tyf
afnLx?sf] pTkfbsTjdf cfPsf] x|f; / vfB k|bif0faf6 [lht ;d:ofx?sf] lg/fs/0fsf]
nflu Ps dfq ljsNk :j?k k|fËfl/s v]tL k|0ffnLsf] dxTj qmlds ?kdf a9b} uPsf]] 5 .
k|fËfl/s s[lif ljsf; cleofgn] pko'Qm / ;/n k|ljlwsf] cjnDjg ub}{ k|fs[lts ;|f]t
;++/If0f, ;Da4{g / ;Gt'ngnfO{ ljz]if hf]8 lbg] u/]sf] 5 . bzf}+ of]hgf tyf /fli6«o s[lif
gLlt, @)^! n] ;d]t k|fËfl/s s[lifnfO{ hf]8 lbPsf] 5 . csf{] tkm{ g]kfn ljZj Jofkf/
;+u7gsf] ;b:o eO{ ;s]sf] kl/j]zdf ljZj ahf/df k|lt:kwf{ ug{sf] nflu k|fËfl/s s[lif

3
k|j4{g ug'{ clt cfjZos 5 . o;} ;Gbe{x?nfO{ dWogh/ /fvL of] k|fËfl/s s[lif k|0ffnLsf]
/fli6«o k|fljlws dfkb08 tof/ ul/Psf] 5 .
!=@ k|fËfl/s s[lif / o;sf] dxTj (Organic Agriculture and its Importance)
Úk|fËfl/s s[lifÚ bLuf] kof{j/0f / kfl/l:yltsLo k|0ffnL, ;'/lIft, u'0f:t/Lo tyf kf]if0fo'Qm
vfgf, k|f0fL hfltsf] sNof0f / ;fdflhs Gofosf nflu s[lif k|0ffnLdf k|of]u x'g] lglZrt
k|lqmofx?sf] Plss[t pkfud (Approach) xf] . k|fËfl/s s[lif k|0ffnLdf aflx/L ;|f]t tyf
nufgLsf] Gogtd pkof]u ul/G5 / jfnL pTkfbg sfo{df s[lif k|0ffnLsf s]lx pTkfbg
;fdfu|L tyf k|lqmofx?sf] pkof]unfO{ gsfl/G5 (IFOAM, 2002) . o;af6 kof{j/0fLo ;Gtn'g
sfod /fVg / o;sf] lg/Gt/tfsf] nflu ;xof]u x'ghfG5 .
/f;folgs tyf afxo ;|f]tdf cfwfl/t pTkfbg ;fdfu|Lsf] a9bf] k|of]un] s[lif k|0ffnL,
kof{j/0fLo l:ytL tyf dfgj :jf:Yodf gs/fTds k|efj kg]{ ePsf] / g]kfndf s[lif If]qdf
k|of]u ul/g] o:tf ;fdfu|Lx? cfoft ul/g' kg]{ / ef}uf]lns ljs6tfsf] sf/0f ljt/0f sfo{
hl6n / vlr{nf] ePsfn] :yfgLo ;|f]tx?sf] Joj:yfkg / ;b'kof]u u/L s[lif pTkfbsTj
j[l4 ug]{ gLlt lng' plrt x'G5 . k/Dk/fut 1fg tyf ;LknfO{ ;do ;fk]If ?kdf kl/jt{g
u/L] k|fËfl/s s[lif k|0ffnL cjnDag ubf{ k|lt O{sfO{ eldaf6 clws pTkfbg x'g'sf] ;fy} ;f]
If]qsf] kof{j/0f÷jftfj/0f ;Gt'ng /fVg ;xof]u x'G5 . k|fËfl/s v]tL k|0ffnLsf] dxTj /
kmfObf a'lem;s]sf ls;fgn] g]kfndf klg skmL, rLof / cGo s]xL afnLx?df of] k4lt z'?
u/L pkef]QmfnfO{ ;'/lIft / u'0f:t/Lo vfB j:t' pknAw ug{ yfln;s]sf 5g / k|fËfl/s
s[lifsf] If]qdf qmlds j[l4 e}/x]sf] 5 . :yfgLo k|fs[lts ;|f]t ;fwgsf]] ;+/If0f, ;Dj4{g /
;+t'lnt pkof]u u/L lbuf] s[lif Joj:yfkg dfkm{t s[lif If]q Pj+ d'n'ssf] cfly{s ljsf; ug]{
nIf xf+l;n ug{df k|fËfl/s s[lif k|0ffnLn] dxTjk0f{ 6]jf k'¥ofpg] ljZjf; ug{ ;lsG5 . o;
;Gbe{df k|fËfl/s s[lif k|0ffnLsf] ljsf;sf nflu o;sf cfwf/et l;4fGt tyf k|fljlws
cfwf/x?sf] Plsg u/L k|fËfl/s pkhx?sf] u'0f:t/ lgwf{/0f, dfkg / k|dfl0fs/0fsf nflu
k|lqmofut Joj:yf x'g' clt dxTjk0f{ x'ghfG5 .
!=# k|fËfl/s s[lifsf] cfwf/et l;4fGt (Basic Principles of Organic Agriculture)
k|fËfl/s s[lif cleofgsf] cGt/f{li6«o dxf;+3 (International Federation of Organic
Agriculture Movement)n] k|ltkfbg u/]sf] l;4fGtx?nfO{ g} k|fËfl/s s[lif ljsf; tyf
k|a4{gsf k|d'v cfwf/sf] ?kdf lnOPsf] 5 . g}lts cfwf/df lgld{t o;sf dfgj :j:Yo,
kof{j/0f, pknlJwsf] lgikIf ljt/0f / ;+/If0f ;+aGwL l;4fGtx?n] Plss[t (Integrated)
?kdf k|fËfl/s s[lif Joj;fodf ul/g] ljleGg sfo{x?nfO{ lglb{i6 ub{5g
1
.
1
k|fËfl/s s[lifn]–
ƒ lbuf] ljsf;df df6f], kfgL, jg:ktL, hGt' tyf dfgj nufot ;du| k[YjLnfO{ hLjGt agfpgsf nflu pko'Qm
jftfj/0f l;h{gf ub{5 (Principle of Health);
ƒ kof{j/0fLo k|lqmof / k'gMk|of]u k|0ffnL cg';f/ pTkfbg ug'{kb{5 (Principle of Ecology);
ƒ ;a}sf nflu jftfj/0fLo tyf hLjgsf cj;/x?nfO{ lgZkIf ?kdf ;'lglZrt ub{5 (Principle of Fairness);
ƒ jt{dfg tyf efjL ;Gtltsf] :jf:Yo / jftfj/0f ;+/If0fsf nflu] ;fjwfgL / pQ/bfoLkj{s k|fs[lts ;|f]tx?sf]
Joj:yfkg ub{5 (Principle of Care).

4
!=$ k|fËfl/s pkh k|df0fLs/0f (Organic Product Certification)
k|fËfl/s s[lif cleofgsf] cGt/f{li6«o dxf;+3 (The IFOAM
2
Organic Guarantee System)
nufot ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3Lo vfB tyf s[lif÷ljZj :jf:Yo ;+u7g, o/f]lkog ;+3 (EEC
20092/91) / cd]/Lsf (United State National Organic Program), hfkfg (Japan
Agricultural Standard), Sofg8f, ef/t / rLg h:tf d'n'sx?n] k|fËfl/s s[lif pkhx?sf]
:t/ lgwf{/0fsf nflu dfkb08 to u/]sf 5g . h;cg';f/ oL b]zx?df cGo d'n'saf6
k|fËfl/s s[lif pkh cfoft ug'{ k/]df lgwf{l/t dfkb08 d'tfljs pTkfbg ul/Psf / tL
b]zsf ;DalGwt lgsfoaf6 :jLs[t k|df0fLs/0f lgsfon] k|dfl0ft u/]sf j:t'x? dfq
cfoft ug'{kg]{ sfggL Joj:yf 5 .
o; lsl;dsf dfkb08x?n] clu|d klxrfgsf cfwf/df k|f+ufl/s pTkfbg, k|zf]wg /
ljt/0fsf nflu ljleGg zt{x? lgwf{/0f ub{5g . s'g} klg k|f+ufl/s pkhdf lgwf{l/t
u'0f:t/ sfod ug{sf nflu ljZjfl;nf] k|s[of ckgfO{ o:tf zt{x? k'/f ul/Psf] x'g'kb{5 .
s'g} pkhsf] pTkfbg, k|zf]wg / ljt/0fdf o:tf cfjZos zt{x? k'/f ul/Psf]5 egL t];|f]
kIfn] lbg] lnlvt ;'lglZrttf nfO{ k|df0fLs/0f (Certification) elgG5 . cfjZos k|lqmof
ckgfO{ o;/L k|fËfl/s ;'lglZrttf k|bfg ug{] lgsfonfO{ k|df0fLs/0f lgsfo (Certifying
body) elgG5 h;n] cfjZos zt{ k'/f ug]{ s[lif pkhnfO{ k|df0fLs/0f lrGx (Logo) klg
k|bfg ub{5 . k|f+ufl/s pkh k|df0fLs/0fsf nflu pkhx?sf] pTkfbg, k|zf]wg / ljt/0fdf
lgwf{l/t k|lqmof / zt{x? k'/f eP gePsf] lgl/If0fsf] cfwf/df Plsg u/L k|df0fLs/0f
lgsfonfO{ k|ltj]bg ug{ tf]lsPsf] bIf / ;DalGwt k|df0fLs/0f lgsfoaf6 O{hfht k|fKt
k|fljlwsx?nfO{ k|fËfl/s lg/LIfs (Organic Inspector) elgG5 .
2
of] dxf;+3 !(@ df hd{gLdf :yfkgf ePsf] xf] . :yfkgf sfndf hd{gL, :jL6h/n}08 h:tf b]zdf dfq ;Lldt ePsf] of] ;+:yfdf xfn !)*
b]zsf sl/a *%) hlt ;+:yf cfa4 e};s]sf 5g .

5
efu @M k|fËfl/s s[lif pTkfbg tyf k|zf]wg
(Organic Agriculture Production and Processing)
@=!= k|of]udf cfpg] zAbfjnL (Words in Use)
s_ cl86 (Audit)M cl86 eGgfn] ljlwjt Pj+ :jfoQ hf+r k|s[of cGtu{t lgof]lht p2]Zo
cg';f/sf] sfo{ ;Dkfbg eP gePsf] dNof+sg ug]{ sfo{nfO{ hgfp+5 .
v_ s[lif pkh÷ s[lifaf6 pTkflbt kbfy{ (Agricultural Product/ Product of Agriculture Origin) M
s[lif pkh jf s[lifaf6 pTkflbt kbfy{ eGgfn] s[lif hGo kbfy{df cfwfl/t s'g} sRrf
kbfy{ jf k|zf]lwt kbfy{ dfgj–pkef]u jf kz'–bfgfsf] nflu tof/ u/L ahf/Ls/0f
ul/Psf] kbfy{nfO{ hgfp+b5 . o; kl/efiffn] kfgL, gg / cGo of]ulznnfO{ ;d]6g] 5}g
u_ cg'j+z k|+f}Bf]lus jf ;ljGof; ul/Psf kbfy{ (Genetically engineered/modified
organism) cg'j+z kl/jt{g u/L ag]sf kbfy{ o; cGt/ut kg]{ 5g . k|fs[lts
t/j/sf] d]l6+u jf k|fs[lts ldngaf6 ag]sfnfO{ o; kl/efiffn] ;d]6g] 5}g .
3_ cg'j++z k/Ljt{g t/Lsf÷k/Ljt{g (Techniques of genetic engineering/ modification)
cg'j+z k/Ljt{g t/Lsf eGgfn] MRecombinant DNA, cell fusion, micro/macro injection,
encapsulation, gene deletion and doubling h:tf k|s[ofx?nfO{ hgfpg]5 . cg'j+z kl/jt{g
eGgfn] Conjugation, transduction, hybridization afx]ssf k|s[ofnfO{ ;Demg' kb{5 .
ª_ cfw'lgs÷/f;folgs v]tL k|0ffnL (Conventional farming): /f;folgs dn, ljiffbL /
a[l4jw{s /;fog (enzymes/hormons) h:tf afXØ pTkfbg ;fdfu|Lx? k|of]u x'g] v]tL
k|0ffnL .
r_ lj?jf ;+/If0f kbfy{ (Plant protection product) M lj?jf ;+/If0f kbfy{ eGgfn] pTkfbg,
e08f/0f, kl/rfng jf k|zf]wg sfo{df s[lifhGo pkh / kz' bfgfnfO{ ;'/lIft /fVg
k|lt/f]w, lgoGq0f, cfsif{0f jf ljsif{0f sfo{sf nflu k|of]u u/Lg] kbfy{x?nfO{ a'emg'
kb{5 .
5_ e]6g/L cf}iflw (Veterinary drug) M e]6g/L cf}iflw eGgfn] kz'hGo vfB kbfy{
pTkfbgsf nflu kz' pkrf/sf qmddf k|of]u ul/g] cf}iflwnfO{ hgfp+5 .
h_ pTkfbg (Production)÷tof/L (Preparation) M pTkfbg eGgfn] v]taf/L÷kmf/ddf ug]{
sfo{ b]lv Kofs]lh+u / n]jln+u ;d]tnfO{ hgfp++5 . tof/L eGgfn] jfnL÷hgfj/ sf6g]
b]lv k|zf]wg ug]{, ;+/If0f ug]{, Kofls+u ug]{ / n]jln+u ug]{ sfo{ ;DdnfO{ hgfp+5 .
em_ ?kfGt/0f (Conversion): cfw'lgs÷/f;folgs v]tL k|0ffnLaf6 k|fËfl/s v]tL k|0ffnLdf
kl/jt{g ug]{ k|s[of, h;nfO{ Pp6f ljlwjf6 csf]{ ljlwdf ;+qmd0f klg elgG5 .
`_ ?kfGt/0f cjlw (Conversion period): k|fËfl/s ljlwaf6 v]tL k|0ffnL z'? u/] b]lv
pTkflbt j:t'sf] k|df0fLs/0f lrGx lbO{g] ;do aLrsf] cjlwnfO{ ?kfGt/0f cjlw
elgG5 .
6_ k|fËfl/s pTkfbg If]q (Organic production area): k|fËfl/s s[lifsf] l;4fGt cg';f/ v]tL
k|0ffnL ckgfO{Psf] pTkfbg If]q .
7_ k/Dk/fut s[lif k|0ffnL (Traditional agricultural system): s'g} lglZrt If]qdf ;f]xL
If]qsf afl;Gbfx?af6 ljsf; u/L k|rngdf /x]sf] s[lif k|0ffnLnfO{ k/Dk/fut s[lif
k|0ffnL elgG5 .

6
8_ ;ld0f (Ingredient) M;ld0f eGgfn] vfB kbfy{sf] pTkfbg÷k|zf]wgsf nflu k|of]u
x'g} s'g} klg kbfy{ -vfB of]ulzn ;d]t_nfO{ a'lemG5, h'g k|zf]lwt vfB j:t'df
kl/jlt{t ?kdf /xg ;Sb5g .
9_ vfB of]uzLn (Food additives): vfB j:t'sf] u'0f:t/ -kf]if0f tTj, af:gf, :jfb, Ps–
?ktf, e08f/0f Ifdtf / cfsif{0f_ a9fpg vfB a:t'df k|of]u ul/g] k/s j:t' eGg]
a'lemG5 .
0f_ vfB ld;fj6 (Food adulteration): vfB j:t'df u'0f:t/ sd x'g] u/L vfB jf cvfB
j:t' ld;fpg] sfo{ .
t_ k|ltalGwt ;fdfu|L (Prohibited material): k|fËfl/s pTkfbg, k|zf]wg tyf ljt/0f
k|s[ofdf k|of]u ug{ k|ltalGwt j:t' .
y_ lgolGqt ;fdfu|L (Restricted material): k|fËfl/s pTkfbg, k|zf]wg tyf ljt/0f k|s[ofdf
kdfl0fs/0f lgsfosf] :jLs[lt lnP/ dfq k|of]u ug{ ;lsg] j:t' .
b_ :jLs[t ;fdfu|L (Permitted material): k|fËfl/s pTkfbg, k|zf]wg tyf ljt/0f k|s[ofdf
k|of]u ug{ ;lsg] egL :jLs[t j:t' .
w_ ;zt{ ;fdfu|Lsf] k|of]u (Conditional use of materials): k|bif0fsf] vt/f / k|fs[lts
;Gt'ng h:tf ljifodf uDeL/ ?kdf ljrf/ k'¥ofO{ k|of]u ul/g' kg]{ s'g} ;fdfu|L /
To;sf] k|of]u ug{ ldNg] dfqf eGg] a'lemG5 . To:t} cfsl:ds ?kdf sg} /f]u tyf
sL/fsf] k|sf]k b]lvPdf k|dfl0fs/0f lgsfox?nfO{ ;d]t ;rgf lbO{ ;/sf/L lgb]{zg /
lgu/fgLdf k|of]u ul/g] s'g} /f;folgs kbfy{ / To;sf] lglZrt kl/df0f eGg] a'lemG5 .
g_ k|fËfl/s pkh (Organic product): of] lgb]{lzsf tyf g]kfn ;/sf/sf] dfGotf k|fKt cGo
k|fËfl/s pkh :t/ lgwf{/0f k'l:tsfdf pNn]v eP cg';f/ pTkflbt÷k|zf]lwt s[lif, jg
tyf kz'hGo pkh .
k_ cflwsf/Ls lgsfo (Competent authority) cflwsf/Ls lgsfo eGgfn] sfggL clwsf/
k|fKt ;/sf/L lgsfonfO{ ;Demg' kb{5 .
km_ dfGotf k|fKt lg/LIf0f jf k|df0fLs/0f k|0ffnL (Officially recognized
inspection/certification system) dfGotf k|fKt lg/LIf0f jf k|df0fLs/0f k|0ffnL eGgfn]
sfggL dfGotf k|fKt ;/sf/L lgsfo jf lghL If]qsf] lgl/If0f÷k|dfl0fs/0f k|0ffnLnfO{
hgfp+b5 .
a_ k|df0Ls/0f lgsfo (Certification body) M k|dfl0fs/0f lgsfo eGgfn] k|f+ufl/s kbfy{
egL ahf/Ls/0f sfo{sf nflu pTkfbg, k|zf]wg, kl/rfng, n]jlnË / cfoft sfo{sf]
dNof+sg ug]{ lgsfonfO{ hgfp+5 .
e_ ;rs–kq (Label)÷n]jln+u (Labeling) n]jn÷n]jln+u eGgfn] lalqm kj4{g ug]{ p2]Zon]
n]lvPsf] cyjf lk|G6 u/L pTkflbt÷k|zf]lwt j:t'df nufO{Psf] khf{÷ljj/0fnfO{ ;Demg'
kb{5 .
d_ k|df0fLs/0f (Certification): clu|d ?kdf klxrfg ul/Psf] Pj+ ljZjfl;nf] k|lqmof
ckgfO{ s'g} s[lif pkhsf] lgwf{l/t u'0f:t/ sfod ug{sf nflu k'/f ug{'kg{] zt{x? k'/f
ul/Psf] 5 egL t];|f] kIfn] lbg] lnlvt ;'lglZrttf .
o_ lg/LIf0f (Inspection): s'g} s[lif pkhsf] pTkfbg, k|zf]wg tyf ljt/0f k|s[of lgwf{l{/t
dfkb08 cg';f/ 5,÷5}g egL ;DjlGwt :yndf uO{ jf:tljstf kQf nufpg cg'udg
/ hfFrk8tfn ul/g] sfo{nfO{ lg/LIf0f elgG5 .

7
/_ lg/LIfs (Inspector): k|df0fLs/0f ug{] lgsfon] ;DalGwt s[lif pkhsf] pTkfbg, k|zf]wg
tyf ljt/0f k|s[of lg/LIf0f ug{sf nflu lgo'Qm u/]sf] JolQmnfO{ lg/LIfs elgG5 .
n_ k|df0fLs/0f lrGx (Certification logo): k|df0fLs/0f lgsfon] ;~rfng u/]sf] k|df0fLs/0f
sfo{s|ddf cfjZos kg{] zt{x? k'/f u/]sf] k|dfl0ft ug{sf nflu lbOg]
;+s]t÷lrGx÷k|ltsnfO{ k|dfl0fs/0f lrGx (logo) elgG5 .
j_ ;dfgfGt/ pTkfbg (Parallel production): Pp6} ls;fgn] cfˆgf] v]t af/Ldf Ps}
;dodf k|f+ufl/s / ck|f+ufl/s tl/sfaf6 pTkflbt Ps} afnL jf hftsf a:t' .
z_ k|zf]wg ;fdu|L (Processing materials): vfB j:t'sf] ?kdf pkof]udf gcfpg] t/ vfB
j:t' k|zf]wg tyf pTkfbgsf nflu k|of]udf NofO{g] cf}hf/, efF8f s'F8f tyf cGo
;fdu|LnfO{ k|zf]wg ;fdu|L elgG5 . o:tf ;fdfu|Lx? k|zf]ws jf pTkfbssf] lgot jf
cg'dfg aflx/} cjz]ifsf ?kdf ldl;P/ vfB j:t' pkef]usf nflu cg'ko'Qm x'g
;Sb5g .
if_ k|zf]wg ;xof]uL (Processing aids) k|zf]wg ;xof]uL eGgfn] pTkfbg, k|zf]wg tyf
Kofs]lhË sfo{df n'lj|s];g (lubrication) tyf ;kmfO{ h:tf sfdsf nflu k|of]udf NofO{g]
t/ pTkflbt ÷k|zf]lwt j:t'df ld;fO{g gx'g] kbfy{nfO{ a'emg' kb{5 .
;_ sRrf kbfy{ (Raw material): k|zf]wg sfo{df k|of]u x'g] k|zf]wg ;fdfu|L / vfB
of]uzLn afx]ssf k|zf]wg kj{sf vfB ;f/o'Qm j:t' eGg] a'lemG5 . k|zf]wg ul/g] d'Vo
j:t' jf pTkfbg sRrf kbfy{leq kb{5 .
x_ dfkb08 (Standard): dfkb08 eGgfn] s'g} b]zn] cfˆgf] cfGtl/s k|of]usf nflu jf
jfXØ ahf/sf nflu cGt/f{li6«o lgod cg';f/ dfGo x'g] u/L agfPsf] k|fËfl/s s[lif
pTkfbgsf] dfkb08 eGg] a'lemG5 .
If_ k|zf]wg (Processing): k|zf]wg eGgfn] ttfpg], lr:ofpg], lgd{nLs/0f ug]{, ;'sfpg],
ksfpg], s'6g], lk:g], ld;fpg], pdfNg], pl;Gg], emf]n agfpg], bfgf agfpg], e'6g], tfg]{,
crf/ agfpg] / o;/L pTkflbt j:t'nfO{ Kofs÷l8Jjf jlGb ug]{ (canning/bottling) sfo{
eGg] a'lemG5 .
q_ ;~rfns÷k|zf]ws (Operator/ Processor): ;+rfns eGgfn] s'g} klg kbfy{ pTkfbg,
tof/L, cfoft jf ahf/Ls/0f ug]{ JolQmnfO{ hgfp+5 . ldn wgL, l8Aaf lgdf{tf,
KoflsË stf{, lgof{tstf{, yf]s Jofkf/L, v'b|f Jofkf/L, ;+sns / cGo ;fgf pBdLx?
k|zf]ws÷;~rfns cGtu{t kb{5g .
@=@= k|fËfl/s s[lif pTkfbg tyf k|zf]wg k|0ffnLsf] p2]Zo (Objective of Organic
Agriculture Production and Processing Systems)
jftfj/0fLo ;Gt'ngsf ;fy} u'0f:t/Lo k|fËfl/s j:t' pTkfbg u/L pkef]Qmfsf] dfu klt{
ug'{ k|fËfl/s s[lif pTkfbg tyf k|zf]wg k|0ffnLsf] d'Vo p2]Zo xf] . k|fËfl/s s[lif k|0ffnLsf]
ljz]if p2]Zox? o; k|sf/sf 5g M
s_ k|fs[lts k|0ffnL÷rqml;tsf] /rgfTds Pj+ hLjgbfoL cGt/lqmofsf cfwf/df
kof{Kt dfqfdf u'0f:t/Lo vfB j:t' pTkfbg ug]{ . pTkfbg k|s[ofdf k'gk|{of]u /
k'ghL{ljt÷k'gp{Tkfbg x'g] lsl;dsf j:t'sf] k|of]udf hf]8 lbg] .

8
v_ s[lif pTkfbg ul/g] hdLg tyf j/k/sf] If]qdf /x]sf jg:klt, hLjhGt' / z'Id
hLjf0f''x? jLrsf] h}ljs rqmsf] ;xcl:tTj sfod /fVg ;xof]u ug]{ .
u_ df6f]sf] pj{/fzlQm / hn–;Dkbfsf] bLuf] pkof]u u/L ;d'lrt Joj:yfkg ug]{ .
3_ s[lif k|0ffnLaf6 pT;lh{t k|bif0fx?sf] GogLs/0f ug]{ .
ª_ kfNt' kz'–k+IfLnfO{ sd lk8f lbg / k0f{ ljsf;sf nflu pko'Qm Joj:yfkg ug{] .
r_ s[lif k|0ffnL leq h}ljs ljljwtf -kof{j/0fLo, hftLo / cg'jf+lzs_ ;+/If0f ug]{ .
5_ k/Dk/fut 1fg, zLk, snf / s[lif k|0ffnLsf] ;+/If0f tyf ;b'kof]udf hf]8 lbg] .
h_ ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3sf] j8fkqdf pNn]v eP d'tfljs z'4 / :jR5 vfgf tyf
sfo{:yndf :j:y jftfj/0f ;'lglZrt ug{ hf]8 lbg] .
em_ s}og AolQm÷;d'bfodf cfg'jf+lzs k|f}Bf]lusL (Genetic Engineering)n] hLjg /
o;;Fu cfa4 l;4fGt / bz{gsf] lj?4df sfo{ ub{5 eGg] ljZjf; ePsf] x'Fbf
k|fËfl/s s[lif k|0ffnLdfkm{t Údfgj afgL–Joxf]/f / jftfj/0fÚ / ÚhLjg / bz{gÚ
aLrsf] k|uf9 cGt/;DaGwsf] ljifodf hgr]tgf k}mnfpg] .
@=# k|fËfl/s s[lifsf cfwf/x? (Basis for Organic Agriculture)
@=#=! afnL pTkfbg (Crop production)
df6f]sf] pj{/fzlQm tyf h}ljs ljljwtf sfod ug{ lgDgcg';f/ ljlw cjnDjg ul/g' kb{5M
s_ pko'Qm afnL rqm / ldlt jfnL k|0ffnLsf] cg';/0f
v_ k'gk{|of]u / k'ghL{ljt÷k'gp{Tkfbg x'g] cfwf/df k|fËfl/s j:t'sf] pkof]u
u_ /f;folgs dnvfb tyf ljiffbL k|of]u aGb u/L /f]u÷sL/f Joj:yfkgsf nflu
:yfgLo ;|f]tdf cfwfl/t cGo Plss[t ljlwsf] k|of]u .
@=#=@ kz'kfng Joj:yfkg (Livestock management)
k|fËfl/s s[lif k|0ffnLsf ;Gbe{df vfB–rqm (food-cycle) Joj:yfkg, k|fËfl/s k'gk|{of]u
(organic recycling), s[lifhGo pk–pTkfbgx? (byproduct)sf] ;b'kof]u / df6f], h}ljs
ljljwtf tyf jftfj/0f ;+/If0fsf b[li6n] kz'kfng Joj;fosf] dxTjk0f{ eldsf /xG5 .
kz'kfngdf kz'–k+IfLx?sf] ;+t'lnt cfxf/ Pj+ zfl/l/s tGb'?:tL / kof{j/0fLo ;Gt'ngsf
nflu lgDgfg';f/sf ljlw cjnDag ug'{ kb{5 M
s_ k|r'/ dfqfdf k|fËfl/s 8fn]÷e'O{+ 3fF; tyf cGo vfB j:t'sf] cfklt{
v_ kz'–k+IfLsf] afgL Joxf]/f / cfjZostf cg';f/ uf]7, vf]/, r/g tyf lx+88'nsf]
Joj:yf
u_ k|fs[lts, xf]ldof]k]lys tyf cfo'j]{lbs cf}ifwf]krf/sf] Joj:yf
3_ cGo s'g} cf}ifwL, /;fog tyf k'm8 Pl8l6E;, k|of]u ljlxg pTkfbg
ª_ cfg'jf+lzs f]t ;+/If0fsf nflu 5gf}6 (selection) ljlw / gftf gkg]{ lar :jhftLo
k|hggaf6 pTkfbsTjdf j[l4 Nofpg] .

9
@=$ k|fËfl/s s[lif pTkfbg tyf k|zf]wg ubf{ Wofg lbg' kg]{ ljifox?
k|fËfl/s s[lif pkhx?sf] pTkfbg tyf k|zf]wgdf Wofg lbOg' kg]{ kIfx? lgDgfg';f/ 5g .
s_ ;x–;DaGwM kof{{j/0fLo ;Gt'ng eGg' g} jg:klt tyf hLjhGt'x? aLrsf] ;x–;DaGw
xf] . s[ifsn] cfˆgf] v]taf/L / 3/–uf]7sf] nflu cfjZos kg]{ j:t'x? ;s];Dd cfk}+mn]
pTkfbg u/]df o; vfnsf] ;DaGwnfO{ bLuf] ?kdf sfod /fVg ;Dej x'G5 .
jfg:klts k|f]l6g tyf zlQmnfO{ kz'hGo ?kdf ?kfGt/0f ug]{ qmddf h}ljs ljljwtf
gfl;P/ hfg] ;Defjgf a9L ePsf] x'Fbf afnL tyf kz' pTkfbg aLr ;Gt'ng sfod
ul/g' kb{5 .
v_ pko'Qm k|zf]wg M sRrf vfB kbfy{ k|zf]wg ubf{ k|fËfl/s pkhsf] u'0f:t/ sfod ug{
:jLs[t k|zf]wg ljlw tyf vfB of]uzLnsf] k|of]u x'g'kb{5 . o;af6 k|zf]wg k|s[ofsf
sf/0f vfB u'0f:t/df x'g;Sg] lu/fj6nfO{ GogLs/0f ug{ ;xof]u k'Ub5 . k|zf]wg
sfo{df :t/–lgwf{/0f, xf]l;of/L, phf{ ;+/If0f / afXØ j:t'sf] sd k|of]u x'g'kb{5 .
u_ jftfj/0fLo ;+/If0f tyf k|bif0f GogLs/0fM k|fËfl/s pkhx?sf]] k|zf]wg, Kofs]lhª tyf
:yfgfGt/0f ubf{ pTkflbt a:t'sf] u'0f:t/sf] ;'lglZrttf, kmf]xf]/–d}nfsf] plrt
Joj:yfkg / jftfj/0fLo ;+/If0fdf ljz]if Wofg lbOg'kb{5 .
3_ lds tyf ;fdflhs lxt M k|zf]wg, Kofs]lhª tyf :yfgfGt/0fdf ;+nUg ldsx?sf]
lxt / cflbaf;Lsf k/Dk/fut 1fg / ;Lksf] cfwf/df pTkflbt pkhx?af6 k|fKt
nfesf] Gofof]lrt ljt/0f x'g'kb{5 .
ª_ pko'Qm b/L M k|fËfl/s tyf /f;folgs pTkfbg If]q aLr tf]lsP cg';f/sf] b/L eP
gePsf] / ;dfgfGt/ pTkfbg cj:yfdf tf]lsP cg';f/ k|ljlw cg';/0f eP gePsf]
;'kl/j]If0fsf cfwf/df k|fËfl/s k|df0fLs/0fsf] k|s[of yfngL x'g' kb{5 .
@=%= k|fËfl/s s[lifsf] dfu{bz{s l;4fGtx? (Guiding Principles of Organic Agriculture)
k|fËfl/s s[lif pTkfbg lgDg l;4fGtx?sf cfwf/df ul/Psf] x'G5 .
s_ Psn afnL k|0ffnLnfO{ PsLs[t afnL k|0ffnLdf ?kfGt/0f ug]{
v_ /f]u–sL/f Joj:yfkgdf k|fs[lts zq' hLj Joj:yfkgfdf s]lGb|t h}ljs tl/sf
ckgfpg] . kz'kfngdf vf]k tyf ;Gt'lnt kf]if0fsf dfWod /f]u k|ltsf/fTds
Ifdtfsf] ljsf; ug]{ vfnsf pkfox?sf] cjnDjg ug]{ .
u_ pTkfbg tyf k|zf]wg :yn s'g} ld;fj6, /;fog tyf ljiffbLaf6 x'g] k|bif0faf6
d'Qm x'g''kb{5 . kz'kfngsf] xsdf 3fF;df cfwfl/t kz'kfng u/L kz'k+5L bfgf
pTkfbgdf PlG6jfof]l6S; / xdf]{g h:tf /;fogsf] k|of]u ul/g' x'+b}g.
3_ :yfgLo xfjfkfgL ;'xfpFbf] / /f]u–sL/f sd nfUg] lsl;dsf] afnL la?jfsf] hft
5gf}6 ul/g' kb{5 .
ª_ df6f]sf] pj{/fzlQm j[l4 ug{ k|fËfl/s dn -uf]7]dn, sDkf]i6, xl/of] dn, kLgf,
h}ljsdn, emf]ndn / 5fkf]_sf] pkof]u ug]{
r_ df6f]df vfBtTj cfklt{sf nflu 3/v]tdf pTkflbt k|fËfl/s kbfy{sf] pkof]u ug]{
5_ cfg'jf+lzs k|f}Bf]lusL (Genetic Engineering)af6 pTkflbt cfg'j+z ?kfGtl/t
(GMOs) tyf hLljt ?kfGtl/t (LMOs) j:t'sf] k|of]u x'g' x'Fb}g .

10
efu #M k|fËfl/s s[lifsf] dfkb08 (Standards of Organic Agriculture)
#=!= k|fËfl/s v]tL ul/g] hldg
#=!=! k|fËfl/s v]lt x'g]] lsQfnfO{ k|bif0f / ld;fj6af6 hf]ufpg k|fËfl/s /
/f;folgs v]lt ul/g]] lsQfx? lar dWojtL{ If]q / afnL x'g'kb{5 .
#=!=@ k|fËfl/s / /f;folgs v]lt lar ;8s ePdf $ ld6/ / cGo cj:yfdf
slDtdf % dL6/ dWojlt{ If]q (Buffer zone) x'g' kg{]5 .
#=!=# k|fËfl/s k|dfl0fs/0fsf nflu lgDg cg';f/sf pkhx? :jLsfo{ x'g] 5}gg .
#=!=#=! Ps} lsQf hldgdf k|fËfl/s / /f;folgs b'j} tj/sf] v]lt ePdf .
#=!=#=@ cfk;df ld;fj6sf] ;Defjgf /x]sf ;dfgfGt/ pTkfbg ePdf .
#=!=$ /f;folgs dn, j[l4 k|a4{s / /f]u÷sL/f÷emf/gfzs ljiffbL h:tf s'g}
lsl;dsf] /;fog k|of]u ePsf] x'g' x'Fb}g .
#=!=% /;fogsf] ;+;u{df cfPsf d]l;g, cf}hf/ tyf pks/0fx? ;kmf u/]/ dfq
k|fËfl/s v]lt ul/g] hldgdf k|of]u ug'{kb{5 .
#=@= ?kfGt/0f cjlw (Conversion period)
#=@=! ?kfGt/0f cjlw k|fËfl/s v]lt z'? ePsf]] ldlt b]lv ulgg] 5 .
#=@=@ ?kfGt/0f cjlwsf] klxnf] jif{df -k|fËfl/s k|0ffnLdf NofOPsf] Ps jif{;Dd_
k|dfl0fs/0f ug]{ lgsfon] a]nf a]nfdf lg/LIf0f ug'{kb{5 . k|df0fLs/0f lrGx eg]
k|of]u ug{ kfOg] 5}g .
#=@=# ?kfGt/0f cjlwsf] bf];|f] / t];|f] aif{sf] pTkfbgnfO{ /fd|f];Fu lg/LIf0f u/]/
k|df0fLs/0f lgsfon] Ú?kfGt/0f cj:yfsf] k|df0fLs/0f lrGxÚ k|bfg ug{ ;Sg]5
#=@=$ pTkfbg tyf k|zf]wg stf{n] ljut tLg aif{b]lv k|fËfl/s tl/sfn]
pTkfbg÷k|zf]wg u/]sf] eGg] oy]i6 k|df0f -df6f] / pTkflbt j:t'df ljiffbLsf]
c;/ g/x]sf] egL k|of]uzfnfsf] l/kf]6{sf ;fy} pTkfbg tyf k|zf]wg k|0ffnLdf
k|of]u ul/Psf ljlw, k|ljlw / a:t'x?sf] clen]v_ h'6fpg ;s]df k|fËfl/s
k|df0fLs/0fsf nflu k'/} ?kfGt/0f cjlw klv{/xg' kg]{ 5}g .
#=@=% k|fËfl/s v]lt ul/Psf] elgPsf] hldgdf kj{ :jLs[lt ljgf lgolGqt jf
k|ltjlGwt ;fdfu|L k|of]u ePsf] kfO{Pdf k|df0fLs/0f lrGx k|bfg ug{ ;ls+b}g .
o:tf] cj:yfdf kj{ lgl;|t k|dfl0fs/0f vf/]h u/L k|dfl0fs/0fsf nflu k'gM #
aif{sf] ?kfGt/0f cjlw sfod ul/g]5 . oBkL pTkfbssf] sfj' aflx/}
cfsl:ds ?kdf s'g} lgolGqt jf k|ltjlGwt ;fdfu|L /flvg uPsf] eGg]
k|dfl0ft ePdf l:yltsf] gfh'stf x]/L k|df0fLs/0f lgsfosf] lg0f{o cg';f/
x'g]5 .
#=@= k|rlnt sfgg cg';f/ :jLs[tL k|fKt k|dfl0fs/0f lgsfon] k|fËfl/s v]lt
ul/Psf] hldgsf] O{ltxf; tyf pTkfbg tf}/ tl/sf ;d]tsf] lg/LIf0f
k|ltj]bgsf cfwf/df o; dfkb08sf] p2]Zosf] k|ltsn gx'g] u/L ?kfGt/0f
cjlwnfO{ kl/jt{g ug{ ;Sg] 5 . oBlk ?kfGt/0f cjlw Ps jif{eGbf sd
ePsf] pTkfbgnfO{ k|fËfl/s dflgg] 5}g . ltg jif{ eGbf al9 afF+emf] /x]sf]

11
hldg / ;fd'bflos jgdf pTkflbt jf jg If]qaf6 ;+slnt pkh / kz'÷df}/L
r/0f If]qsf] xsdf hldgsf] ?kfGt/0f cjlw k|dfl0fs/0f k|:tfjgf :jLs[t
ePsf] ldltaf6 u0fgf ul/g]5 .
#=#= afnL pTkfbg3
(Crop production)
#=#=! kfP;Dd / x'Fbf;Dd :yfgLo hft / k|fËfl/s k|df0fLs/0f ePsf aLp lahgsf]
k|of]u ug'{kb{5 . k|fËfl/s k|df0fLs/0f ePsf aLp lahg gkfO{Pdf /f;folgs
tl/sfn] pTkflbt t/ /f;folgs kbfy{÷ljiffbLdf pkrf/ gul/Psf] jLp ljhg
k|of]u ug{ ;lsg]5 . ev{/} k|fËfl/s v]lt z'? ePsf] If]qdf k|df0fLs/0f
lgsfon] tf]s]sf] ;dofjlw leq dfq /f;folgs kbfy{÷ljiffbLdf pkrf/ ePsf]
aLp k|of]u ug{ ;lsg]5 . ck|fËfl/s aLp k|of]u ul/g] dflysf b'j}] cj:yfdf
lg/LIf0fsf cfwf/df cfjZos lgb]{zg ;lxt k|dfl0fs/0f lgsfosf] kj{ :jLs[lt
clgjfo{ x'g]5 .
#=#=@ aLp pkrf/sf] nflu cg';rL ! df atfP d'tflas ug'{kb{5 .
#=#=# cfg'jf+lzs k|f}Bf]lusL (Genetic Engineering)af6 pTkflbt cfg'j+z ?kfGtl/t
(GMOs) tyf hLljt ?kfGtl/t (LMOs) j:t'sf] jLp k|of]u ug{ kfO{+b}g .
#=#=$ kz'k+IfLsf] nflu cfjZos kg]{ 3fF; / bfgf k|fËfl/s pTkfbgaf6 cfklt{
x'g'kb{5 .
#=#=% df6f]sf] pj{/fzlQm ljsf; x'g], hldgdf gfO6«f]hg r'xfj6 Gog x'g] / emf/, /f]u
/ sL/fsf] ;d:of Golgs/0f x'g] u/L afnL rqm k|0ffnL cg'z/0f ul/g' kb{5 .
#=$ df6f], kfgL / dnvfb Joj:yfkg4
#=$=! df6f]sf] u'0f:t/ ;'wf/ ug{ s'g} lsl;dsf] /f;folgs dn k|of]u ug{ kfO{+b}g .
#=$=@ Gogtd () lbg s'xfP/ /fd|f];Fu kfs]sf] uf]j/dn jf uf]a/ UofF;af6 lg:s]sf]
n]bf] (slurry) dn jfnL sf6g'÷l6Kg' eGbf #) lbg cufj} df6f]df ldnfpg' kb{5
. /fd|f];Fu gkfs]sf] uf]a/ dn / uf]a/ UofF;af6 lg:s]sf] n]bf] (slurry) k|of]u ug'{
3
;fdfGo l;4fGt M
! k|fËfl/s pTkfbg ul/g] afnLsf] hft, la?jf / aLp ;se/ k|fËfl/s tl/sfn] pTkfbg ul/Psf], v]lt ul/g]
ef}uf]lns If]qsf] nflu l;kmfl/z ePsf] / /f]u–sL/f sd nfUg] x'g'kb{5 .
@ aLp tyf la?jfsf] 5gf}6 ubf{ jfnLsf] hftLo ljljwtf sfod /fVg ljz]if Wofg k'¥ofpg' kb{5 .
# :yfgLo :t/df k|fËfl/s aLp÷la?jf pTkfbg, ;f6f;f6 tyf laqmL ljt/0fnfO{ k|f]T;fxg ug]{ vfnsf]
sfo{qmd ;~rfng ug'{kb{5
4
;fdfGo gLlt tyf l;4fGt
s= df6f]sf] u'0f:t/ ;'wf/ ug{, dnvfb k|of]u tyf afnLsf] 5gf}6 ug'{ eGbf cufl8 df6f]sf] gdgf lnO{ vfB
tTj / ljiffbLsf] c;/ k/LIf0f ul/g'k5{ .
v= k|fs[lts jf k|fs[ltshGo vlgh ;|f]taf6 k|fKt j:t'x? k|of]u u/L df6f]sf] lk=Pr= 7Ls cj:yfdf /fVg'kb{5
u= v]taf/L vfnL g/fvL sf];]afnL nufO{ /fVg'kb{5 . h;n] df6f]sf] pj{/fzlQm ;'wf/ ub{5 / e–Ifo x'gaf6
klg hf]ufpFb5 .
3= vGg] / hf]Tg] sfo{sf] nflu 7nf d]lzg/L ;fdfgsf] k|of]u 36fpFb} nfg'kb{5 . o; ;Gbe{df z'Go vghf]t /
Gog vghf]t k|ljlwnfO{ k|fyldstf lbg'kb{5 .
ª= df6f]df vfB tTjsf] ;Gt'ng sfod /fVg PsLs[t df6f] ;'wf/ sfo{ / k|fËfl/s kbfy{ ;Gt'lnt tl/sfn]
k|of]u ug'{kb{5 .

12
x'Fb}gÙ olb k|of]u ug'{ kg]{ cj:yf cfPdf jfnL sf6g'÷l6Kg' eGbf !@) lbg
cufj} df6f]df ldnfO{ ;Sg' kb{5 .
#=$=# s'v'/fkfng kmd{af6 s'v'/fsf] dn NofP/ k|of]u ug'{ kbf{ k|df0fLs/0f lgsfoaf6
:jLs[tL lnO{ o:tf] dnnfO{ nfebflos lhjf0f'x?sf] k|of]u u/L k0f{?kn] s'xfP/
dfq k|of]u ug'{ kb{5 .
#=$=$ df6f]df kf]6fl;od nufot cGo vlgh tTj sdL ePdf k|df0fLs/0f lgsfonfO{
hfgsf/L u/L v]taf/Ldf /fVg agfO{Psf] sDkf]i6dn -k|lt6g_df al9df %–!)
s]=hL= /f;folgs ;|f]taf6 k|fKt o:tf vlgh tTjo'Qm dnvfb /fVg ;lsG5 .
#=$=% cfg'j+z kl/jlt{t j:t' (GMOs) tyf o:tf] ;|f]tjf6 k|fKt eP afx]s df6f] tyf
dndf nfebfos ;Id hLjf0f'x? k|of]u ug{ ;lsg]5 .
#=$=^ cf}Bf]lus tyf zx/L If]qaf6 lg:sg] kmf]xf]/ d}nfdf s8f wft'÷vlgh tTj x'g]
ePsfn] k|efjsf/L ;'Id hLjf0f' k|of]u u/L /fd|f];+u kfs]sf] dn k|of]uzfnfdf
hFrfO{ s8f wft'÷vlghsf] dfqf x]/L k|df0fLs/0f lgsfosf] :jLs[tLdf k|of]u
ug{ ;lsg] 5 . dnvfb jf cGo k|of]hgsf nflu dfgj dnd'qsf] k|of]u lgif]w
ul/Psf]5 .
#=$= d'Vo afnLsf] cufl8 of k5fl8 afnLrqm k|0ffnLdf clgjfo{ ?kdf sf];]afnL
nufpg' kb{5 .
#=$=* k|fËfl/s dnsf] ?kdf kz' k+IfLsf] /utsf] w'nf], ufO{j:t'sf] dndq, /fd|/L
s'lxPsf] s'v'/fsf] dn, xl/of] emofp, gLdsf] lkgf, tf]/Lsf] lkgf, cGo s'g}
afnLsf] lkgf, r§fgsf] wnf], x88L r0f{, kmnsf] af]qmf, lbpnL, sf7sf] wnf],
v/fgL, k|lt 6g sDkf]i6df % s]=hL ;Dd kf]6fl;od ;Nk]m6, wfgsf] e';,
k|fs[lts rg / c08fsf] af]qmfsf] w'nf] k|of]u ug{ ;lsG5 .
#=$=( sDkf]i6sf] emf]n, gl/ansf] /;, l;:gf]sf] emf]n / k|fËfl/s kbfy{af6 agfO{Psf]
emf]n dn / k|df0fLs/0f lgsfosf] :jLs[tLdf la?jfsf] jfg:klts k|;f/0fsf]
nflu k|of]u x'g] /f;folgs k|a4{s afx]s /f;folgs j[l4 k|a4{s k|of]u ug{' x'Fb}g
#=$=!) /f]uhGo cjZyfdf / vf]l/of v]tLdf v/fa k|s[ltsf la?jf, sfF8f / emf/ kf]Ng'
k/]sf] cj:yfdf afx]s s'g} klg afnL cjz]if kf]Ng' x'Fb}g .

13
#=%= /f]u, sL/f tyf emf/kft lgoGq0f5
#=%=! /f]u, sL/f / emf/ lgoGq0fdf /f;folgs tj/af6 ˆoflS6« lgld{t ;fa'g tyf
;k{mx? nufot s'g} lsl;dsf] /f;folgs ljiffbL k|of]u ug{ kfOb}g .
#=%=@ k|fËfl/s jfnLdf /f]u–sL/f Joj:yfkgdf –
s_ gLd, asfO{gf], l/¶f], cv'{n, tLt]kftL, c;'/f], t'n;L, ;lt{ h:tf jg:kltaf6
agfOg] emf]n tyf wnf]hGo jfg:klts sL6gfzs,
v_ vlgh kbfy{, v/fgL, k|fËfl/s v';f{gL, Kofh, n;'g / jg:klt t]n,
u_ GMOs/LMOs afx]s z'Id hLjf0f'
3_ aQL, ln;f] -6f+l;g]_, k]m/f]d]g / vf]N;] (pit-fall) kf;f] h:tf ef}lts tl/sf
k|of]u ug{ ;lsG5 .
#=%=# t/sf/L jfnLdf cv{'n (Derris elliptica) h:tf jg:kltaf6 lgsflnPsf]
emf]nhGo jfg:klts sL6gfzs 5ls{Psf] jfnL l6kfgLsf nflu ;ft lbg ;Dd
kv{g' kb{5 .
#=%=$ ;lt{ tyf ;lt{hGo jfg:klts ljiffbL df6f]df /xg] sL/f lgoGq0fsf] nflu dfq
k|of]u ug'{kb{5 . cfn', ;v/v08 / cGo h/f vfg] afnLx?df eg] of] kbfy{
k|of]u ug{ kfO{g] 5}g .
#=%=% Rofp pTkfbgdf ck|fËfl/s tl/sfn] pTkfbg u/]sf] k/fn k|of]u ug{ kfO{+b}g .
#=%=^ k|fËfl/s tl/sfn] Joj:yfkg ug{ g;lsg] xb;Dd /f]u–sL/fsf] k|sf]k eO{
/f;folgs ljiffbL g} k|of]u ug'{kg]{ l:ylt cfO{k/]df k|df0fLs/0f lgsfonfO{
;Dks{ u/L cfjZos k/fdz{ Pj+ :jLs[lt lng'kg]{5 .
#=%= 5fkf] /fVg] k|of]hgsf] nflu wfgsf] k/fn / p:t} ;fdu|L h'g;'s} ;|f]taf6 Nofpg kfO{G5
#=^= afnL÷ jLp e08f/0f
#=^=! e08f/0f ubf{ k|fËfl/s / ck|fËfl/s pkhx?nfO{ ld;fP/ /fVg' x'Fb}g .
#=^=@ k|fËfl/s pkh /fd|/L KoflsË u/LPsf] / pkef]Qmf ;Dd k'u'Gh]n z'/lIft /xg]
u/L n]an nufO{Psf] x'g'kb{5 .
#=^=# k|fËfl/s pkh e08f/0f ul/g] s06]g/ / :yfg -sf]7f of uf]bfd_df s'g} lsl;dsf]
/;fog k|of]u ug{ kfO{+b}g .
5
;fdfGo gLlt tyf l;4fGt
s= kmn v]Ng], ljleGg lsl;dsf af:gf cfpg] la?jfx? d'Vo afnL;Fu} nufPdf /f]u sL/f lgoGq0fdf ;lhnf]
x'g'sf] ;fy} k|fs[lts zq' hLj Joj:yfkgdf klg ;xof]u k'Ub5 . k|fËfl/s /f]u sL/f Joj:yfkgsf] nflu
v]taf/L j/k/ ufOg] sL/f, h'gsL/L / :qL :jefjsf] vk6] a:g ;Sg] af;:yfg l;h{gf ug'{kb{5 .
v= /f]u, sL/f lgoGq0f ug]{ / sL/f eufpgsf] nflu k|dfl0ft e};s]sf Ps jifL{o la?jfx? ldlt afnLsf] ?kdf
nufpgfn] /f]u sL/f lgoGq0fdf 7nf] ;xof]u k'Ub5 . pbfx/0fsf] nflu aGbfsf] ls/f lgoGq0f ug'{ k/]df
aGbfsf] leq Kofh, n;'g nufpg] .
u= b'j} jf tLg} df};ddf pxL hUufdf p:t} tyf pxL afnL nufpg] rng aGb u/L afnLrqm k|0ffnL nfu ug]{ .
3= /fd|f] / pko'Qm lsl;dsf] vghf]t u/L emf/ lgoGq0f ug]{ ;fy} ldlt afnL, 5fkf] xfNg] tyf 5fkf] h:tf] x'g]
afnL nufpgfn] klg emf/ lgoGq0f ug{ ;xof]u k'Ub5 .
ª k/Dk/fut tyf cflbaf;Ln] zlbof}+b]lv ljsf; u/]sf pko'Qm afnL e08f/0f k|0ffnL jf k|fËfl/s l;4fGt
cg';f/ ljsl;t u/]sf] k|0ffnL cjnDag ug'{kb{5 .

14
#=^=$ e08f/0fdf s'g} /;fogsf] k|of]uaf6 k|fËfl/s pkh k|blift gx'g] u/L ef}lts
tyf oflGqs kf;f] /fVg kfOg]5 .
#=^=% kmnkmn, afnLgfnL tyf ;fu;AhL ksfpg jf /+u ljsl;t ug{ s'g} lsl;dsf]
/;fog k|of]u ug{ x'Fb}g .
#== kz'kfng Joj;fo6
#==! kz'x?nfO{ k|s[lts :jfefj cg';f/sf] lqmofsnfkdf cj/f]w gx'g] / :jfefljs
tl/sfn] a9g / x's{g ;Sg] jftfj/0fdf /flvg' kb{5 .
#==@ e'|0f k|Tof/f]k0f / Snf]lgË ug{ kfOb}g .
#==# s[lqd uef{wfg ug'{ k/]df k|df0fLs/0f lgsfosf] ;Nnfxdf ug'{ kg]{5 .
#==$ cfg'j+z kl/jlt{t kz'x?sf] pTkfbg ug{ kfOg] 5}g .
#==% kz' k|hggsf nflu xdf]{gx?sf] k|of]u ug{ kfO{g] 5}g .
#=+=^ k|df0fLs/0f lgsfosf] k/fdz{df /f;folgs f]tsf s'g} Pl06jfof]l6s k|of]u ug{
;lsg]5 . kz' pTkfbgdf o:tf /;fogsf] cjz]if -residue_ :jLs[t dfqf eGbf
clws x'g'x'+b}g .
#=*= dT:okfng Joj;fo7
#=*=! k|fËfl/s df5f kfngdf k|of]u x'g] kfgLdf ux|f} wft'hGo tyf cGo /;fog
ld;fj6sf] ;Defjgf ePdf kfgLsf] pkrf/ jf 5'§} ;|f]t / ;Íng kf]v/Lsf]
Joj:yf x'g'kb{5 .
#=*=@ k|fËfl/s df5f kfng ug]{ hnfzo / cGo hnfzo aLr slDtdf kf+r ld6/sf]
b/L x'g'kb{5 .
#=*=# hnfzodf df5fsf] rnv]n / a[l4 ljsf;df gsf/fTds c;/ k'Ug] u/L a9L
3gTjdf df5f /flvPsf] x'g' x'b}g .
#=*=$ df5f pTkfbg ug]{ hnfzosf] j/k/ 5fFofsf] Joj:yf ug'{ kb{5 .
#=*=% df5f kfngaf6 lg:sg] kfgL / cGo ;xpTkfbgn] jftfj/0f k|bif0f x'g'x'+b}g .
6
;fdfGo l;4fGt
s= k|fËfl/s kz'kfng Joj;fo df6f]kfgL, lj?jf / hgfj/x?sf] s[oflzn ;DaGwdf cfwfl/t x'g'kb{5 .
v= hgfj/x?sf] k|fs[lts cfjZostf k'/f ug{ / pgLx?sf] :jfefj cg';f/sf] rl/q k|bz{g ug]{ jftfj/0f
tof/ ul/g' kb{5 .
u= kz' pTkfbgsf nflu ul/g] r/g Joj:Yffkgn] h}ljs ljljwtf ;+/If0f / df6f]kfgL Joj:Yffkgdf ;xof]u
k'¥ofpg' kb{5 .
3= k|fËfl/s kz' Joj:yfkg ;Gt'lnt kf]if0fsf] l;4fGtdf cfwfl/t x'g' kb{5 h;n] ljleGg /f]u tyf ;+qmd0fsf
;fy} k/hLjLsf] cfqmd0f / cfGtl/s u9a8Laf6 x'g] ;d:ofsf] /f]syfddf ;d]t ;xof]u k'¥ofpFb5 .
7
;fdfGo l;4fGt
s= k|fËfl/s df5f kfng Joj;fodf df5fx?sf] cfwf/et rfl/lqs cfjZostfx?sf] Vofn ul/Psf] x'g'k5{ .
v= df5fkfng Joj;fo ubf{ df5fx?sf] :jf:Yo /fd|f] /fVg] s'/fdf Wofg lbg' kb{5 .
u= :yfgLo hftsf] df5f pTkfbgnfO{ k|f]T;fxg ul/g' kb{5 . olb df5f :yfgLo xf]Og eg] o;n] :yfgLo
kfl/l:ylts k|0ffnLnfO{ kfg{ ;Sg] gsf/fTds k|efjnfO{ Go'lgs/0f ug]{ pkfox?sf] Joj:yfkg ug'{ kb{5 .
3= df5f kfng Joj;fon] jl/k/Lsf] jftfj/0f / cGo hLjnfO{ gsf/fTds c;/ k'¥ofpg x'b}g .
ª== df5f pTkfbg ug]{ hnfzo / jl/k/Lsf] jftfj/0f Joj:yfkgsf nflu pko'Qm pkfox? ckgfpg' kb{5 .

15
#=*=^ cfg'jf+lzs k|f}Bf]lusL (Genetic Engineering)af6 cg'j+z kl/jlt{t df5fsf]
hftx? k|of]u ug{ kfOb}g .
#=*= cGo j'+bf;+u gaflemg] u/L df5f pTkfbgdf rg, gLnf]tyf] / uf]j/sf] k|of]u ug{
;lsg]5 .
#=*=* df5f kfng Joj;fo cGo Joj;fo;Fu PsLs[t?kdf ul/g' kb{5 .
#=(= df}/Lkfng Joj;fo8
#=(=! k|fËfl/s df}/Lkfngsf nflu :yfgLo hftsf] df}/L (Apis cerena)sf] ;jfndf b'O{
ls=ld= / o'/f]lkog df}/L (Apis mellifera)sf] ;jfndf $ ls=ld= If]q jl/kl/
ck|fËfl/s v]tLkftL jf cGo lqmofsnfk ePsf] x'g' x'+b}g .
#=(=@ df}/Lsf] 3f/df k|of]u x'g] sf7 tyf cGo ;–;fgf ;fdfu|L / dx sf6bf k|of]u
ul/g] cf}hf/ tyf ;fdfu|L j'+bf #=!@ cg';f/ to ul/Psf] k|fËfl/s dfkb08
cg';f/ x'g' kb{5 .
#=(=# df}/Lsf] dx sf9bf k'/} rfsf lgrf]/]/ dx sf9g x'b}g .
#=(=$ /f]u tyf k/hLjL lgoGq0fsf] nflu PlG6afof]l6s tyf df}/LnfO{ xflgsf/s x'g
;Sg] cf}ifwL k|of]u ug{ x'b}g .
#=!) k|zf]wg, KoflsË, e08f/0f tyf ;+/If0f9
#=!)=! k|zf]wgstf{n] k|fËfl/s s[lif pkh k|zf]wg sfo{sf nflu g]kfn ;/sf/sf]
;DalGwt lgsfoaf6 cg'dlt kq lng' kb{5 . ljz]if lgu/fgL ;rLdf /x]sf
k|zf]lwt j:t'x?sf] xsdf ljz]if cg'dlt kq lng' kb{5 .
#=!)=@ ck|fËfl/s pkh tyf cGo k|zf]wgdf pkof]u ePsf] :yn, d]zLg, pks/0f
tyf efF8fs'F8fx? k|fËfl/s pkh k|zf]wg ug{' cufl8 /fd|f];Fu ;kmf ;'U3/ ug'{
kb{5 .
#=!)=# d'Vo sRrf kbfy{ s'g} klg /;fogaf6 k|bif0f d'Qm k|dfl0ft k|fËfl/s pkh
x'g'kb{5
#=!)=$ k|zf]lwt pTkfbgdf kfgL afx]s k|fËfl/s d'Vo sRrf kbfy{-x?_sf] efu
jhgsf lx;fan] (%Ü x'g'kb{5 / vfB of]uzLn (food additives) nufot cGo
ck|fËfl/s sRrf kbfy{-x?_sf] sf] efu kf+r k|lt;t eGbf a9L x'g'x'Fb}g .
8
;fdfGo l;4fGt
s= k|fËfl/s df}/Lkfng Joj;fon] PsLs[t tyf k|fËfl/s s[lif k|0ffnLnfO{ k|f]T;fxg ug'{ kb{5 .
v= df}/L kfng Joj;fodf :yfgLo hftsf] df}/LnfO{ k|f]T;fxg ug'{ kb{5 .
u= df}/Lsf] dx pTkfbgsf nflu ul/g] df}/L r/g Joj:yfkgn] h}ljs ljljwtf ;+/If0f / df6f]÷kfgL Joj:yfkgdf
;d]t ;xof]u k'¥ofpg' kb{5 .
9
k|df0fLs/0f lgsfon] s[lif pkh k|zf]wg, KoflsË, yf]s÷v'b|f ljlqm, e08f/0f / 9'jfgL sfo{ ;DaGwdf lg/LIf0f, k/fdz{
tyf cGo ;]jf k|bfg ug{ ;Sg]5 . ef8fdf lnO{Psf nufot o:tf :ynx? k|fËfl/s l;4fGt cg'?k k|bif0f d'Qm x'g'kb{5
;fdfGo l;4fGt
s= k|zf]wg ug]{ ljlw cjnDag ubf{ pkh, vfB j:t'sf] k|fs[lts u'0f:t/ sfod x'g] lsl;daf6 ug'{kg]{5 .
k|zf]wgsf] nflu ;xof]u k'Ug] Pl8l6jx? %Ü eGbf sd dfqfdf k|of]u ug'{kb{5 .
v= k|zf]wg, cf];f/ k;f/ ubf{ k|fËfl/s tyf /f;folgs pTkfbg ldl;g lbg' x'Fb}g .
u= Kofs]lhË ;fdfu|Ln] jftfj/0fnfO{ k|ltsn k|efj kfg]{ x'g' x'Fb}g .

16
#=!)=% s_ k|zf]wgdf k|of]u ul/g] kfgL ;kmf, z'4 / hLjf0f'÷/;fog /lxt x'g'kb{5 .
v_ k|zf]lwt j:t'df %)Ü eGbf a9L kfgL /xg] cj:yfdf g]kfn ;/sf/n]
tf]s]sf] u'0f:t/ cg'?k :jLs[t sDkgL jf ;|f]tsf] kfgL k|of]u ug'{ kb{5 . u_
k|df0fLs/0f lgsfon] k|of]u x'g] kfgLsf] k|of]uzfnf hfFrsf] k|ltj]bg dfu ug{
;Sg]5 . o; cj:yfdf g]kfn ;/sf/af6 dfGotf k|fKt k|of]uzfnfdf ljZn]if0f
u/fO{ k|ltj]bg k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
#=!)=^ k|df0fLs/0f lgsfon] :jLs[tL lbP j]u/sf s'g} lsl;dsf /;fog tyf
Pl8l6ex? k|zf]wgdf k|of]u ug{ kfO{+b}g . k|df0fLs/0f lgsfox?n] ljZj
:jf:Yo ;+u7g tyf ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3Lo vfB tyf s[lif ;+u7g sf] sf]8]S;
Plnd]06fl/o; sld;g (Codex Alimentarious Commission)af6 :jLs[t
dfkb08 GL32-1999 (Organically produced foods) sf] cg';rL @ sf] tfnLsf
# / $ ;+u ;dfgLs/0f x'g] u/L k|zf]lwt k|fËfl/s pkhx?df of]uzLn,
ˆn]el/Ë;, kfgL, nj0f, O{Ghfd tyf z'Idh}ljs pkh, vlgh / k|zf]wg
;xof]uLx?sf] k|of]u :jLs[t ug{ ;Sg]5g .
#=!)= cfuf], lah'nL, uf]a/UofF; jf ;f}o{ phf{ k|of]u u/L ;'sfpg]], cg'j+z kl/j{ltt
lhjf0f' (GMO) /lxt h}ljs k|lqmofåf/f crf/, hfd, h]nL, dfdf{n]8 tyf cGo
j:t' agfpg], s'6g], lk:g], lyRg], cflb k|lqmofaf6 k|fËfl/s pkhx?sf] k|zf]wg
ug{ ;lsG5 .
#=!)=* k|fËfl/s pkhsf]] k|zf]wg ;Dej xF'bf;Dd pTkfbg If]qdf g} ug{' kb{5
#=!)=( k|zf]lwt k|fËfl/s pkh KoflsË ug]{ ;fdfu|L tyf s06]g/ k'gk|{of]ulzn jf
h}ljs k|lqmofaf6 ;8g] (bio-degradable), /f;folgs dn, laiffbL jf cGo
/;fogaf6 k|bif0f/lxt / k|of]u ug'{ cufl8 /fd|f];Fu ;kmf ul/Psf] x'g'kb{5 .
#=!)=!)k|zf]lwt k|fËfl/s pkhx? e08f/ ubf{ :ki6 n]an nufO{Psf] x'g''kb{5 .
#=!)=!! k|zf]lwt k|fËfl/s / ck|fËfl/s pkhx? Pp6} e08f/df /fVg' k/]df cfk;df
gldl;g] u/L /fd|f];Fu 5'§ofP/ /fVg'kb{5 .
#=!)=!@ e08f/ pks/0f tyf kmlg{r/sf] ;/;kmfO{df k|df0fLs/0f lgsfoaf6 :jLs[t
;fdfu|L dfq k|of]u ug'{kb{5 . k|fËfl/s pkh e08f/df s'g} /f;folgs ljiffbL
k|of]u ug'{ k/]df k|df0fLs/0f lgsfosf] k/fdz{ cg';f/ ug'{kb{5 .
#=!)=!# xfjf /lxt jf sfj{g 8fOcS;fO{8 ;lxt KoflsË ug{ ;lsg]5 t/ ljls/0fsf]
k|of]u ug{ kfO{+b}g .
#=!)=!$k|fËfl/s pkh e08f/df tfkqmd gfKg] ;+oGq ;lxt lr;f] agfpg] d]lzg -
/]lk|mh/]6/_ / g]kfn ;/sf/af6 lgwf{l/t dfkb08 cg';f/sf] a/km k|of]u ug{
;lsG5 .
#=!)=!% :ki6 n]an ;lxt k|fËfl/s / ck|fËfl/s k|zf]lwt pkhx? cfk;df gldl;g]
u/L oyf]lrt Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 eg] b'j} vfn] pTkfbg Pp6} afxgaf6 9'jfgL
tyf cf];f/ k;f/ ug{ kfO{G5 .
#=!)=!^ k|fylds :t/sf k|fËfl/s / ck|fËfl/s pkhx? Pp6} e08f/df e08f/0f ug{ /
Pp6} jfxgdf /fvL cf];f/ k;f/ ug{ ;lsg] 5}g .

17
#=!! ;fdflhs clwsf/ / :jR5 Jofkf/ 10
#=!!=! k|df0fLs/0f lgsfon] k|fËfl/s k|df0fLs/0f ubf{ pTkfbs tyf k|zf]wsaf6
dhb/x?sf] enfO{ ;DaGwL cGt/f{li6«o d ;+u7gsf] ;lGw–;Demf}tfsf] kfngf
eP÷gePsf] :ki6 pNn]v x'g'kb{5 .
#=!!=@ p:t} k|s[ltsf] sfdsf] nflu ;dfg Hofnfsf] Joj:yf x'g'kb{5 . k|df0fLs/0f
lgsfon] k|fËfl/s k|df0fLs/0f ubf{ pTkfbs tyf k|zf]wsn] dhb/x?sf] xs,
lxt / enfO{ ;DaGwL /fli6«o sfggsf] kfngf eP÷gePsf] :ki6 pNn]v
x'g'kb{5 .
#=!!=# ;fgf pTkfbs tyf k|zf]wsnfO{ k|fËfl/s dfkb08 k'u]sf] pkhsf] plrt dNo
lbnfpg /fHon]] cfjZos sfggL Joj:yf ldnfO{ ;s]sf] cj:yfdf k|df0fLs/0f
lgsfon] pkh ljlqm ljt/0fsf ;DefJo ljsNk af/] k|sfz kfl/lbg' kb{5 .
#=!!=$ dNo lgwf{/0f k|s[of kf/bzL{ x'g'kb{5 .
#=!!=% pTkfbgnfO{ d'Vo pkef]Qmfsf] dfemdf k'Ug] rfF8f] tyf pko'Qm dfWod pTkfbs
tyf k|zf]wsn] vf]Hg k|oTg ug'{kb{5 .
#=!!=^ pTkfbg / jftfj/0fLo vr{ wfGg] lsl;dn] pTkflbt j:t'sf] dNo tf]lsg'kb{5 .
#=!!= dWo:ystf{ Jofkf/Lx? ;+nUg /x]sf] cj:yfdf gfkmfsf] d'Vo lx+:;f pTkfbs
sxfF k'Ug] Joj:yf ;'lglZrt x'g'kb{5 .
#=!!=* s'g} pkhsf] k|fËfl/s k|df0fLs/0fsf nflu ;f] pkhsf] pTkfbg÷k|zf]wg
sfo{af6 cflbjf;Ln] k/Dk/f b]lv pkof]u ub}{ cfPsf k|fs[lts ;|f]tx?df s'g}
lsl;dsf] gsf/fTds c;/ k'u]sf] x'g' x'Fb}g .
#=!!=( s'g} pkhsf] k|fËfl/s k|df0fLs/0fsf nflu ;f] pkhsf] pTkfbg÷k|zf]wg sfo{
;+rfngdf sd{rf/Lx? ljr Ifdtf cg';f/sf] ;dfg cj;/ / sfo{ ljefhg,
kf]if0f÷:jf:Yo ;]jf, sfo{ :yndf of}g bJo{jxf/ la?4 ph'/L tyf :j;+/If0f
ug]{ / ;dfg sfdsf nflu ;dfg -k'?if ;/x_ Hofnf kfpg] h:tf ;fdflhs
clwsf/x?sf] xgg ePsf] x'g' x'+b}g .
#=!!=!) k|fËfl/s k|df0fLs/0f ul/g] pkhsf] n]jndf ;f] pkhsf] pTkfbg÷k|zf]wg
:yn, k|lqmof / ;d'bfo ;+aGwL pNn]lvt Joxf]/f ;Totfdf cfwfl/t x'g'kb{5 .
#=!!=!! k|df0fLs/0f ePkl5 dfq k|fËfl/s pkhx?sf] n]jndf Úk|fËfl/s pTkfbg
(organic product)Ú eGg] zAbfjnL /fVg ;lsg]5 . k|fËfl/s pkhdf cfwfl/t
pTkfbgdf ld;fO{Psf] s'g} j:t' k|fËfl/s ;|f]tsf] gePdf o; lsl;dsf]
zAbfjnLsf] k|of]u k|fËfl/s pTkfbgsf] cfwf/et cjwf/0ffsf] alv{nfk gx'g]
u/L k|df0fLs/0f lgsfon] lbPsf] lg0f{o cg';f/ x'g]5 . k|fËfl/s pkhsf]
n]jndf pTkfbs÷k|zf]wssf] k'/f gfd / 7]ufgf ;lxt pQm pkhsf] pTkfbg–
qmdfÍ, k|fËfl/s–:t/, pTkfbg÷k|zf]wg ldlt / pkof]u cjwL :ki6 b]lvg] u/L
10
k|fËfl/s pkh pTkfbg jf k|zf]wg ug]{ JolQm jf ;d'bfon] dhb/ tyf afn lxt Pj+ clwsf/sf laifo ;'/lIft ug{
k|rlnt lgod sfggsf] kfngf ug'{kb{5 . ;+alGwt lgsfon] pTkfbg tyf k|zf]wg If]qdf sfd ug]{ ;a} sd{rf/L, dhb/
tyf ltgsf kl/jf/nfO{ ;kmf÷:jR5 kfgL, vfgf, a;f]af;, lzIff, :jf:y / oftfoftsf] k|aGwdf Wofg lbg' kb{5 .
sd{rf/Lx?sf] ;fdflhs ;'/Iff, plrt j]tg, ;~rosf]if, pkbfg / dlxnf sd{rf/Lx?sf] nflu ;'Ts]/L labfsf] Joj:yf
x'g'sf] ;fy} ;dfg sfddf ;a} sd{rf/Lx?nfO{ ;dfg ;'ljwf pknAw x'g' kb{5 . 7nf pTkfbg tyf k|zf]wg O{sfO{sf]
z]o/ lgZsfzg ubf{ dhb/ / sd{rf/Lx?sf] nflu cf/If0f lbg'kb{5 . Hofnf–dhb/L ;+aGwL lg0f{o ug]{ clwsf/ dflns
/ dhb/ aLrsf] cfk;L ;xdltdf x'g] eP klg b]zsf] k|rlnt sfggn] tf]s] eGbf sd x'g'x'Fb}g .

18
pNn]v ug'{kb{5 . k|zf]lwt j:t'sf] xsdf To; j:t'df /x]sf] cjoj
(ingredients) / kl/df0f (quantity) :ki6 v'nfpg' kb{5 .
#=!@ ljljw (Miscelaneous)
#=!@=! s'g} ljz]if j:t', k|ljlw jf pTkfbg÷k|zf]wg k|0ffnLsf] xsdf k|fËfl/s
k|df0fLs/0fsf nflu o; lgb]{lzsfdf :ki6 Joj:yf x'g g;s]sf] cj:yfdf
/fli6«o k|fËfl/s k|fljlws ;ldltsf] l;kmfl/;df /fli6«o ;DaGwg k|bfos
lgsfoaf6 :jLs[t x'g] dfkb08 cg';/0f ug'{ kb{5 .

19
efu $M k|fËfl/s k|df0fLs/0f ;+/rgf (Structure for Organic Certification)
k|fËfl/s s[lif pkhx?sf] k|df0fLs/0fsf nflu lgDg ;+/rgfsf] Joj:yf ul/g]5 .
$=! k|fËfl/s s[lif pTkfbg tyf k|zf]wg Joj:yfkgdf cfjZos ;dGjosf nflu ljBdfg
k|f+ufl/s v]lt /fli6«o ;dGjo ;ldltnfO{ kl/dfh{g u/L g]kfn ;/sf/sf ;lrj, L
s[lif tyf ;xsf/L dGqfnosf] cWoIftfdf Ps k|f+ufl/s s[lif pTkfbg tyf k|zf]wg
k|0ffnL /fli6«o ;dGjo ;ldltsf] u7g u/L sfo{ ;~rfng ul/g]5 . o; ;ldltdf s[lif
tyf ;xsf/L dGqfno, n}lËs ;dtf tyf jftfj/0f dxfzfvfsf ;x–;lrjn] ;b:o–
;lrj / s[lif jftfj/0f tyf h}ljs ljljwtf zfvfn] ;lrjfnosf] eldsf lgjf{x
ug]{5g eg] lgDgfg';f/ k|ltgLlwTj -;b:o_ /xg] 5 .
;lrj, s[lif tyf ;xsf/L dGqfno cWoIf
;x–;lrj, s[lif Joj;fo k|a4{g÷tYof+s dxfzfvf, s[=t=;=dGqfno ;b:o
;x–;lrj, kf/jxg tyf Jofkf/ ;xlhs/0f dxfzfvf, jfl0fHo÷cfklt{ dGqfno ;b:o
;x–;lrj, jftfj/0f dxfzfvf, jg dGqfno ;b:o
;x–;lrj, jftfj/0f dxfzfvf, jftfj/0f, lj1fg tyf k|ljwL dGqfno ;b:o
;x–;lrj, j}b]lzs nufgL tyf k|zf;g dxfzfvf, pBf]u dGqfno ;b:o
sfo{sf/L lgb]{zs, g]kfn s[lif cg';Gwfg kl/ifb ;b:o
dxflg{b]zs, s[lif laefu ;b:o
dxflg{b]zs, kz' ;]jf laefu ;b:o
dxflg{b]zs, vfB k|ljlw tyf u'0f lgoGq0f laefu ;b:o
/lhi6«f/, ;xsf/L ljefu ;b:o
dxflg{b]zs, g]kfn u'0f:t/ tyf gfktf}n ljefu ;b:o
lj1 k|ltlglw, s[lif tyf kz' lj1fg cWoog ;+:yfg ;b:o
lj1 k|ltlglw, s]Gb|Lo vfB k|ljlw SofDk;, w/fg ;b:o
cWoIf, s[lif pBd s]Gb| ;b:o
pkef]Qmf ;+3x? dWo]af6 ;ldltn] dgf]lgt ;b:o
;x–;lrj, n}lËs ;dtf tyf jftfj/0f dxfzfvf, s[lif tyf ;xsf/L dGqfno ;b:o ;lrj
$=@ cfjZos ;+of]hg tyf cg'udg÷dNofÍg sfo{sf nflu k|f+ufl/s s[lif pTkfbg tyf
k|zf]wg k|0ffnL /fli6«o ;dGjo ;ldlt cGtu{t jfl0fHo tyf cfk'lt{, jg, / pBf]u
dGqfno, s[lif tyf ;xsf/L dGqfno cGtu{t g]kfn s[lif cg';Gwfg kl/ifb / s[lif,
kz';]jf / vfB k|ljwL tyf u'0f lgoGq0f ljdfu / b]zdf k|fËfl/s pTkfbg tyf
k|zf]wg k|jw{gdf ;s[o u}x| ;/sf/L tyf lghL ;+:yfsf k|ltlglwx?af6 j9Ldf (
hgfsf] Ps /fli6«o ;DaGwg k|bfos lgsfo (National Accreditation Body) :yfkgf
u/L k|fËfl/s pTkfbg÷k|zf]wg tyf k|dfl0fs/0f lrGx (Logo)sf] k|of]u ;DaGwL gLlt,
lgod / k|s[of lgwf{/0f ul/g] 5 . o; lgsfon] k|fËfl/s pkh k|df0fLs/0fsf nflu
k|s[of k'uL cfPsf /fli6«o tyf cGt/fli6«o :t/sf k|dfl0fs/0f lgsfox?nfO{ :jLs[lt
k|bfg ug]{ / ltgaf6 x'g] k|dfl0fs/0f sfo{sf] cg'udg tyf dNofÍg u/L lgoGq0f ug]{5
. k|df0fLs/0f lgsfox?nfO{ lgodg ug]{ ;Gbe{df /fli6«o ;DaGwg k|bfos lgsfon]
cfjZostf cg';f/ ;rLdf /fVg] jf x6fpg], lgnDjg ug]{ / :jLs[lt vf/]h ug]{ ;d]t
ug]{5Ù /fli6«o ;DaGwg k|bfos lgsfosf] o:tf sfo{df lrQ ga'em]df ;DalGwt kIfn]
k|rlnt sfgg adf]lhd k'g/fj]bg ug{ ;Sg]5 .

20
$=# /fli6«o ;DaGwg k|bfos lgsfoNffO{ ;DalGwt ljifodf ;Nnfx / ;xof]u k'¥ofpg Ps
/fli6«o k|fËfl/s k|fljlws ;ldltsf] u7g ul/g]5 . o; ;ldltn] k|fËfl/s pTkfbg tyf
k|zf]wg ;DaGwL /fli6«o gLlt tyf dfkb08 / k|fËfl/s k|dfl0fs/0f tyf k|dfl0fs/0f
lgsfosf] :jLs[lt ;DaGwL k|lqmofx?sf] lgdf{0f ug{ / cg'udg tyf dNofÍg sfo{df
/fli6«o ;DaGwg k|bfos lgsfonfO{ ;s[o ;xof]u k'¥ofpg]5 . /fli6«o k|fËfl/s
k|fljlws ;ldltdf lgDgfg';f/ k|ltgLlwTj /xg] JojZyf ul/Psf]5 .
s[=t=;=d+=, s[lif jftfj/0f tyf h}=lj= zfvf
s[=t=;=d+=, s[lif Jojzfo k|jw{g zfvf
s[=t=;=d+=, ljZj Jokf/ ;+u7g zfvf
kf/jxg tyf Jokf/ ;xlhs/0f zfvf, jfl0fHo÷cfklt{ dGqfno
j}b]lzs nufgL zfvf, pBf]u dGqfno
jftfj/0f dNofÍg zfvf, jg dGqfno
vfB u'0f lgoGq0f dfxfzfvf, vfB k|ljwL tyf u'0f lgoGq0f ljefu
jfnL ;+/If0f lgb]{zgfno, s[lif ljefu
df6f] k/LIf0f tyf ;]jf lgb]{zgfno, s[lif ljefu
s[lif Jojzfo k|jw{g zfvf, s[lif ljefu
/fli6«o r/0f tyf kz' cfxf/ ljsf; s]Gb|, kz';]jf ljefu
s[lif pBd s]Gb|
cfdlGqt lj1x? -vfB k|zf]wg, s[lif tyf kz' pkh k|dfl0fs/0f ;DaGwL !÷! hgf_
/fli6«o ;DaGwg k|bfos lgsfo tyf /fli6«o k|fËfl/s k|fljlws ;ldlt ;+rfngdf gcfP
;Dd logsf sfo{x? k|f+ufl/s s[lif pTkfbg tyf k|zf]wg k|0ffnL /fli6«o ;dGjo ;ldlt
tyf s[lif jftfj/0f tyf h}ljs ljljwtf zfvf, s[lif tyf ;xsf/L dGqfnoaf6
;Dkfbg x'g]5g . k|:tfljt g]kfn Pqm]l86];g jf]8{ ;DaGwL P]g (Nepal Accreditation
Board Act) sfof{Gjogdf cfPsf] cj:yfdf /fli6«o ;DaGwg k|bfos lgsfosf] u7g,
sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ ;f]xL P}gdf Joj:yf eP adf]lhd x'g]5 .
$=$s[lifhGo pTkfbg tyf k|zf]lwt pkhx?sf] k|fËfl/s k|df0fLs/0fsf nflu /fli6«o
;DaGwg k|bfos lgsfosf] :jLs[tL k|fKt u/L ;/sf/L tyf lghL :t/df k|fËfl/s
k|dfl0fs/0f lgsfo (Accredited Organic Certification Body)x? :yfkgf x'g]5g . o:tf
lgsfox?n] k|fËfl/s k|df0fLs/0fsf nflu ljifout ?kdf ;Ifd b]lvg] u/L cfjZos
ef}lts tyf hgzlQm ;DaGwL kjf{wf/x?sf] ljsf; ug'{sf] ;fy} k|f+ufl/s pTkfbg tyf
k|zf]wg k|0ffnL dNofÍg ;ldlt Pj+ k|fËfl/s lgl/Ifs tf]sL :yfkgf Pj+ sfo{
;+rfngsf nflu /fli6«o ;DaGwg k|bfos lgsfosf] :jLs[lt lng' kg]{5 . k|f+ufl/s
pTkfbg tyf k|zf]wg k|0ffnL dNofÍg ;ldltn] k|dfl0fs/0fsf nflu k|dfl0fs/0f
lgsfodf k|fKt x'g] cfj]bgx?sf] 5fgljg u/L pTkfbs, ljt/s tyf k|zf]wsx?;+u
cg'aGw (contract) :jLsf/ ug]{, ljifout ?kdf k|fËfl/s lgl/Ifsx? lgo'Qm ug]{,
lgwf{l/t lgl/Ifsx?af6 lgoldt ?kdf lgl/If0f k|ltj]bg ;+sng ug]{ /
cfof]hgf÷pkhx?sf] dNofÍgsf cfwf/df k|dfl0fs/0f u/L ;+alGwt pTkfbs, ljt/s
tyf k|zf]wsnfO{ k|fËfl/s k|dfl0fs/0f lrGx k|bfg ug]{ sfo{ ug]{5 .
$=%/fli6«o ;DaGwg k|bfos lgsfosf] :jLs[tL k|fKt k|dfl0fs/0f lgsfox?n] ljifout
?kdf of]Uo dfGotf k|fKt k|fËfl/s lg/LIfs (Accredited Inspectors)x?sf] rog u/L
k|dfl0fs/0f ul/g] pkhx?sf] pTkfbg, k|zf]wg tyf ljt/0f k|s[ofsf] :ynut lgl/If0f

21
ug'{ kb{5 . dfGotf k|fKt k|fËfl/s lg/LIfsx?n] :ynut lgl/If0fsf cfwf/df lgoldt
cg'udg Pj+ hfFr k8tfn u/L ;+alGwt pTkfbg, k|zf]wg tyf ljt/0f k|s[of lgwf{l{/t
dfkb08 cg';f/ eP gePsf] jf:tljstf kQf nufO{ cfkmgf] l;kmfl/; ;lxt
k|dfl0fs/0f lgsfodf k|ltj]bg ug'{ kg]{ x'G5 .
$=^ k|df0fLs/0f k|lqmof M
JolQmut s[ifs, s[ifs ;d'x tyf k|zf]wgstf{n] pTkflbt s[lif pkhsf] k|fËfl/s
k|df0fLs/0fsf nflu lgDgfg';f/ k|lqmof cjnDjg ug{'kg]{5 .11
$= k|dfl0fs/0f lrgf] (Logo) : k|df0fLs/0f lgsfon] lgwf{/0f ug]{5 .
11
k|fylds :t/sf s[lif, jg / kz'hGo pTkfbg k|dfl0fs/0fsf] nflu k|:tfjgfdf k|fËfl/s v]tL u/Lg] hdLgsf] :ki6
/]vfÍg ;+nUg x'g' kg]{
k|df0fLs/0f lgsfon] dfkb08 cg';f/ :jLs[t pkhnfO{ k|df0fLs/0f ug]{ lg0f{o
k|df0fLs/0f lgsfon] lg/LIf0f k|ltj]bg tyf cfjZos k|of]zfnf k/LIf0f k|ltj]bg cWoog u/L
k|fËfl/s dfkb08 k'/f ePsf] cj:yfdf :jLs[t ug]{
k|fËfl/s lg/LIfsn] k|df0fLs/0f lgsfodf -k|dfl0fs/0fsf nflu cfjZos k|of]zfnf k/LIf0f
k|ltj]bg ;+nUg /fvL_ lg/LIf0f k|ltj]bg k]z ug]{
k|fËfl/s lg/LIfsaf6 cfof]hgf sfof{Gjog -jfnL, kmfd{, kl/jxg / k|zf]wgzfnf_sf] lg/LIf0f
k|fËfl/s lg/LIfsaf6 cfof]hgf :ynsf] kj{ lg/LIf0f (Pre inspection) / k|dfl0fs/0fdf cfjZos
k|of]zfnf k/LIf0f k|ltj]bg ;DnUg /fvL k|df0fLs/0f lgsfodf k|ltj]bg
k|df0fLs/0f lgsfon] k|fËfl/s lg/LIfs tf]Sg] (Assignment of organic inspector)
cfj]bsaf6 k|df0fLs/0f kmf/d e/fO{ cfj]bs / k|df0fLs/0f lgsfo aLr cg'aGw (contract)
:jLsf/ ug]{
sfo{qmd k|:tfjgfsf] dNofÍg kZrft k|:tfjgf k|fKt ePsf] ^) lbg leq k|df0fLs/0f lgsfon]
k|:tfj kl/dfh{gsf nflu cfj]bsnfO{ k|ltlqmof k7fpg] jf k|df0fLs/0f kmf/d eg{ cfJxfg ug]{
pkh k|df0fLs/0fsf nflu s[ifs, s[ifs ;d'x tyf k|zf]wgstf{n] sfo{qmd k|:tfjgf ;lxt
k|df0fLs/0f lgsfodf lgj]bg lbg]
11

22
cg';rL !M aLp tyf a]gf{ pkrf/sf] nflu k|of]u ug{ ;lsg] ;fdflu|x?
qm ;+ ;fdfu|Lsf] gfd k|of]u ;DaGwL s}lkmot
! sDkf]i6, edL{ sDkf]i6 tyf ux'+t ;tlxs k|of]u ug{ kfO{g]
@ _ k|fs[lts÷xj{n j:t'x? – bfnlrgL tyf NjfËsf] t]n,
n;'g, cb'jf, jfj/L, t'n;L, gLd, asfO{gf], lkk/ld06sf]
/;, l6d/ / xf]ldof]k]lys cf}ifwL
# tftf] kfgL÷ kfgLsf] jfkm
$ k/+k/fut ?kdf k|of]udf /x]sf j:t'x? -h:t} ux'+t,
ggkfgL, kLgf_
% jfof]8fO{gflds ;L8 ;f]s tyf :k|]
^ cDn, Iff/, eid tyf nj0fdf jLp 8'jfP/ w'g]
h}ljs jLp pkrf/ -h:t} 6«fO{sf]8df{, j]l;n;–;j6«fO{l8;,
/fO{hf]ljod, k|efjsf/L ;'Id lhjf0f'_
cg';rL @M df6f]sf] pj{/fzlQm j[l4 ug{ k|of]u ug{ ;lsg] ;fdu|Lx?12
M
12
/f;folgs dn k|of]u ug{ alh{t ul/Psf] 5 .
qm ;+ ;fdfu|Lsf] gfd k|of]u ;+aGwL s}lkmot
! v]taf/Ldf pTkflbt j:t'x? tyf pk–pTkfbgx? - h:t} abfdsf]
af]qmf, pv'sf] vf]Onf, k/fnsf] 5fkf], cflb_
@ uf]a/, ux'Ft, n]bf]
# s'xfOPsf] ;'nL
$ u8of}n] dn
% af]6la?jf / kft–kltË/
^ xl/of] dn
afof]8fOgflds ld0f
* Phf]nf
( k|fËfl/s Rofp pTkfbgdf k|of]u ePsf] k/fn /fd|f];Fu s'xfP/ dfq
!) cGoq pTkflbt j:t'x?sf] xsdf–
s k|fËfl/s k|ljlwdf pTkflbt uf]a/dn, n]bf], sDkf]i6, dq, k/fn,
kLgf, 5fkf] / k|fËfl/s kbfy{sf] cGo ;|f]t13
v h}ljs dn -/fOhf]laof, dfOsf]/fOhf, k|efjsf/L ;'Id lhjf0f',
vfBtTj l:y/Ls/0f ug]{ cGo ;'Id lhjf0f'_
k|df0fLs/0f lgsfosf]
:jLs[lt lng' kg]{
u sf7sf] wnf] ,,
3 k|fËfl/s –h:t} sk8f pBf]uaf6 lg:sg] v/fa /;fog
gldl;Psf] t/ pkrf/ / k|zf]wg ul/Psf] k|fËfl/s pk–pTkfbg
,,
ª /Qmr0f{, df+;r0f{, x•Lr0f{ / df5fhGo kbfy{ ,,
r vlgh÷nj0f, lhK;d, rg9'Ëf -SoflN;od tyf DofUg]l;od_ /
wnf] kfl/Psf] r§fg
,,
5 k|fËfl/s tj/af6 tof/ ul/Psf] emf]n dn ,,

23
cg';rL # M /f]u sL/f Joj:yfkgdf k|of]u ug{ ;lsg] j:t' / ltgsf] k|of]u
qm ;+ ;fdfu|L k|of]u
;+s]t
k|of]u ;DaGwL s}lkmot
! /f;folgs ljiffbL x 3fts
@ af:gf cfpg] j:t' ± kof{j/0f vt/fnfO{ Wofg lbg'kg]{ .
# Df]lzg/L kf;f] a
$ /lËg -qmf]dfl6s_ kf;f] a
% la?jfaf6 lgld{t ljiffbL ± gsf/fTds c;/ klg kg{ ;Sg]
^ l;lns]6 a
/f]u lg/f]ws -k|f]kmf]ln;_ vf]k a
* la?jf tyf kz'af6 k|fKt t]n ± k|efj gsf/fTds x'g ;Sg]
( g/d ;fa'g a
!! lhn]l6g a
!@ afof]8fOgflds ld0f a
!# lzsf/L tyf k/hLjL ± /}yfg] sL/f÷k/hLljnfO{ c;/ kg{ ;Sg]
!$ ;Id lhjf0f' a cfg'j+z kl/jlt{t hLjf0f' k|of]u ug{ gkfOg]
!% UfGws ± gsf/fTds c;/ kg{ ;S5
!^ tfdfo'Qm nj0f -sk/clS;Snf]/fO{8
%)WP !) ls=u|f=÷x]=;/x_
± gsf/fTds c;/ kg{ ;S5
! kf]6fl;od k/DofËg]6 ± g/fd|f] c;/ klg kg{ ;S5
!* r'gfo'Qm ;f]8fsf] emf]n ± ;+/rgfTds c;Gt'ng
!( xNsf vlgh t]n ± gsf/fTds c;/ kg{ ;S5
@) k|fs[lts ;|f]tdf kfO{g] hsf gfzs ± ;ts{tf ;fy k|of]u ug]{
@! k|fs[lts ;|f]taf6 lnO{Psf] 5fkf]
xfNg] ;fdfu|L
a
13
/f;folgs k4ltsf] eP k|of]u ug{ gkfOg]
a k|of]u ug{ kfOg]
± k|df0fLs/0f lgsfosf] :jLs[tL lnO{ xf]l;of/Lkj{s k|of]u ug'{ kg]{
x k|of]u ug{ gkfOg]

24
cg';rL $M k|of]u ug{ kfOg] kz' cf}ifwLx? 14
qm=;+= k|of]u ug{ kfOg] cf}ifwLx? k|of]u ;DaGwL s}lkmot
! k|foh;f] ;a} lsl;dsf] hl8a'6Lx?
@ k|fs[lts ;|f]taf6 ;Ílnt sRrf kbfy{ k|of]u u/L
PGy|f]kf];f]lkms k4ltaf6 agfO{Psf xf]ldof]k]lys cf}ifwLx?
# cSok~r/
$ k|fs[lts ;|f]taf6 ;Ílnt ;fdfu|L k|of]u u/L tof/
ul/Psf l6+r/ tyf PG6L;]K6Lsx?
% k|dfl0fs/0f ul/Psf cfo'j]{lbs cf}ifwLx?
^ SoflN;od af]/f]Un'sf]g]6, SoflN;od Un'sf]g]6, SoflNo;d
Snf]/fO8, SoflN;od kmf]:k]m6, DofUg]l;od km:k]m6 /
SoflN;od÷DofUg]l;od ld0f h:tf tof/L vlgh
k|fs[lts kmnfdsf] 3f]n h:t} l;:gf] .
* tf]/L÷/fof]sf] kft, cl8/sf] t]n, 3fF;df /flvg] ld0f /
cfn;sf] t]n (linseed oil) h:tf ku]{l6e j:t'x? .
( k|fs[lts le6fldgx?
!) kvfnf nfu]df cf}ifwLsf] ?kdf sf]Onf jf cf]ssf] af]qmf /
rs .
!! l/Gh/ 3f]n, lkmlhof]nf]lhsn Saline (NaCl 0.9%) 3f]n,
cflb On]S6«f]nfO6
!! /f;folgs ;|f]taf6 cfPsf PlG6afof]l6s cf}ifwL k|df0fLs/0f lgsfosf] :jLs[ltdf
k|of]u ug{ ;lsg] .
!@ Nffebfos z'Id hLjf0f'af6 ag]sf cf}iflwx? ]
14
kmfd{df k|of]u ul/Psf] ;a} cf}ifwL tyf /;fogsf] /]s8{ /flvg'kb{5 . ;fjwfgL ;fy k|of]u ug'{kg]{ cf}ifwL÷/;fogx?
?kfGt/0fsf] cjlwdf /x]sf] kmfd{n] dfq k|of]u ug{ kfpF5 .

25
cg';rL % k|fËfl/s pTkfbg tyf k|zf]wg k|df0fLs/0fsf nflu lgwf{l/t ;+/rgfM
g]kfn ;/sf/
k|f+ufl/s s[lif pTkfbg tyf k|zf]wg k|0ffnL /fli6«o ;dGjo ;ldlt
-8]:s OsfO{M s[lif jftfj/0f tyf h}ljs ljljwtf zfvf_
/fli6«o ;DaGwg k|bfos lgsfo
/fli6«o k|fËfl/s k|fljlws ;ldlt
k|fËfl/s k|df0fLs/0f lgsfox?
lgl/If0f
pTkfbs÷s[ifs k|zf]ws lghL tyf cGo Jofkf/L ;+3 ;+:yf
afl0fHo dGqfno
jg dGqfno s[lif tyf
;xsf/L dGqfno
pBf]u dGqfno
k|dfl0fs/0f

प्राङ्गरिक-कृषि-उत्पादन-मापदण्ड-सम्वन्धी-निर्देशिका-२०६४.pdf

More Related Content

Similar to प्राङ्गरिक-कृषि-उत्पादन-मापदण्ड-सम्वन्धी-निर्देशिका-२०६४.pdf

Recently uploaded

प्राङ्गरिक-कृषि-उत्पादन-मापदण्ड-सम्वन्धी-निर्देशिका-२०६४.pdf