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PAST PERFECT TENSE 
He ate dinner. He did the washing up. 
Which did he do first? 
He ate dinner 
You could say 
he ate dinner then he did the washing up. 
Why not use a past perfect? 
After he had eaten dinner, he did the washing up.
Which action happened first? 
He had read the book so he knew the answers 
He was tired because he had worked very hard 
They were happy after they had finished the job 
He was hungry because he hadn't eaten
Make sentences in the past perfect to show 
what happened first or before the pictures
Before 
Past 
They were happy 
Why?
Before 
They were happy 
Why? 
They had scored a goal 
Past
Before 
They were happy because 
they had scored a goal 
They had scored a goal 
Past
Before 
Past 
The Titanic sank 
Why?
Before 
The Titanic sank 
Why? 
The Titanic sank because 
it had hit an iceberg 
Past
Before 
Past 
There was a flood 
Why?
Before 
Past 
There was a flood 
There was a flood 
because it had rained 
a lot
Before 
Past 
They passed their exams 
Why?
Before 
Past 
They passed their exams They passed their exams 
because they had studied hard
Before 
Past 
He was hungry
Before 
Past 
He was hungry 
He was hungry because Why? 
he hadn't eaten all day
Past Simple 
BEFORE? 
Past Perfect 
1) The machine caught the thief 
·The machine caught the thief 
because 
·The machine caught the thief 
after 
·Before the machine caught 
the thief, 
·After ...
Past Simple 
BEFORE? 
Past Perfect 
1) The machine caught the thief 
·The machine caught the thief 
because he had tried to steal 
some money 
·The machine caught the thief 
after 
·Before the machine caught 
the thief, 
·After ...
Past Simple 
BEFORE? 
Past Perfect 
1) The machine caught the thief 
·The machine caught the thief 
because he had tried to steal 
some money 
·The machine caught the thief 
after he had tried to steal 
some money 
·Before the machine caught 
the thief, 
·After ...
Past Simple 
BEFORE? 
Past Perfect 
1) The machine caught the thief 
·The machine caught the thief 
because he had tried to steal 
some money 
·The machine caught the thief 
after he had tried to steal 
some money 
·Before the machine caught 
the thief, he had tried to steal 
some money 
·After ...
Past Simple 
BEFORE? 
Past Perfect 
1) The machine caught the thief 
·The machine caught the thief 
because he had tried to steal 
some money 
·The machine caught the thief 
after he had tried to steal 
some money 
·Before the machine caught 
the thief, he had tried to steal 
some money 
·After he had tried to steal 
some money, the machine caught 
the thief
Make sentences. Use WHEN 
I didn't eat anything. I arrived at the restaurant. 
I bought the tickets. I told my friends 
I finished studying. I went shopping 
The film started. I arrived at the cinema. 
I hadn’t eaten anything when I arrived at the restaurant 
I told my friends when I had bought the tickets 
When I finished studying, I went shopping 
When I arrived at the cinema, the film had started

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Past Perfect examples

  • 1. PAST PERFECT TENSE He ate dinner. He did the washing up. Which did he do first? He ate dinner You could say he ate dinner then he did the washing up. Why not use a past perfect? After he had eaten dinner, he did the washing up.
  • 2. Which action happened first? He had read the book so he knew the answers He was tired because he had worked very hard They were happy after they had finished the job He was hungry because he hadn't eaten
  • 3. Make sentences in the past perfect to show what happened first or before the pictures
  • 4. Before Past They were happy Why?
  • 5. Before They were happy Why? They had scored a goal Past
  • 6. Before They were happy because they had scored a goal They had scored a goal Past
  • 7. Before Past The Titanic sank Why?
  • 8. Before The Titanic sank Why? The Titanic sank because it had hit an iceberg Past
  • 9. Before Past There was a flood Why?
  • 10. Before Past There was a flood There was a flood because it had rained a lot
  • 11. Before Past They passed their exams Why?
  • 12. Before Past They passed their exams They passed their exams because they had studied hard
  • 13. Before Past He was hungry
  • 14. Before Past He was hungry He was hungry because Why? he hadn't eaten all day
  • 15. Past Simple BEFORE? Past Perfect 1) The machine caught the thief ·The machine caught the thief because ·The machine caught the thief after ·Before the machine caught the thief, ·After ...
  • 16. Past Simple BEFORE? Past Perfect 1) The machine caught the thief ·The machine caught the thief because he had tried to steal some money ·The machine caught the thief after ·Before the machine caught the thief, ·After ...
  • 17. Past Simple BEFORE? Past Perfect 1) The machine caught the thief ·The machine caught the thief because he had tried to steal some money ·The machine caught the thief after he had tried to steal some money ·Before the machine caught the thief, ·After ...
  • 18. Past Simple BEFORE? Past Perfect 1) The machine caught the thief ·The machine caught the thief because he had tried to steal some money ·The machine caught the thief after he had tried to steal some money ·Before the machine caught the thief, he had tried to steal some money ·After ...
  • 19. Past Simple BEFORE? Past Perfect 1) The machine caught the thief ·The machine caught the thief because he had tried to steal some money ·The machine caught the thief after he had tried to steal some money ·Before the machine caught the thief, he had tried to steal some money ·After he had tried to steal some money, the machine caught the thief
  • 20. Make sentences. Use WHEN I didn't eat anything. I arrived at the restaurant. I bought the tickets. I told my friends I finished studying. I went shopping The film started. I arrived at the cinema. I hadn’t eaten anything when I arrived at the restaurant I told my friends when I had bought the tickets When I finished studying, I went shopping When I arrived at the cinema, the film had started