The document discusses the structure of English sentences, emphasizing the importance of subject-verb agreement and clauses. It explains the differences between present and past participles, and provides examples for clarity. Additionally, it includes exercises to test understanding of sentence structure and verb forms.

2. Structure I
Subject + Verb
Each normal English sentence always has a
subject that is followed by a verb.
Subject Verb

3. Sentences with One Clause
 The sentence has a subject and a verb.
Examples:
Traffic was backed up for miles on the freeway.
Engineers are needed for work on the new
space program.

4. Sentences with One Clause
 Differ the objects of preposition and
appositives when looking for subject.
Examples:
With his friend, he found the movie theater.
An excellent basketball player, Sarah rarely
misses her basketball player.

5. Sentences with One Clause
 Differ the present participles and past
participles when looking for verb.
Examples:
The child now playing in the yard is my son.
The poem written by Paul appeared in the
magazine.

6. Past Participles
 The past participle can be either an adjective
or a part of a verb.
Examples:
The family has purchased a paint.
as a part of a verb
The paint purchased yesterday was expensive.
as an adjective

7. Past Participles
 The past participle is the form of
a verb that appears with have or be.
Examples:
They have achieved many trophies.
He is injured by the other player.

8. Past Participles
 Regular past participles always end in –ed.
Sometimes, they have same form with Verb II.
Examples:
He scores some goals.
He scored some goals.
He has scored some goals.
The goals scored by Van Persie is amazing.
score scored scored
Verb I Verb II Verb III

9. Past Participles
 Irregular past participles transform differently
from verb 1.
Examples:
I see a beautiful sunset.
I saw a beautiful sunset yesterday.
I have never seen such a beautiful sunset!
The sunset seen yesterday was beautiful.
see saw seen
Verb I Verb II Verb III

10. Exercise
I 1. The money was offered by the client was not
accepted. verb
verb
C 2. The car listed in the advertisement had already
stalled. adjective
verb
I 3. The chapters were taught by the professor this
verb
morning will be on next week’s exam.

11. Exercise
C 4. The loaves of bread were baked in a brick oven at
verb
a low temperature for many hours.
I 5. The ports were reached by the sailors were under
verb
the control of a foreign nation.
I 6.Those suspected in the string of robberies were
adjective
arrested by the police.
verb

12. Exercise
I 7. The pizza is served in this restaurant is the tastiest
in the country. verb
I 8. The courses are listed on the second page of the
verb
brochure have several prerequisites.
C 9. All the tenants were invited to the Independence
verb
Day barbecue at the apartment complex.

13. Exercise
C 10. Any bills paid by the first of the month will be
adjective
credited to your account by the next day.
verb