This document discusses the particle theory of matter and the three states of solids, liquids, and gases. It describes the characteristics of particles in each state and how they behave differently when heat is added or removed. Examples are given of expansion and contraction in solids, liquids, and gases to demonstrate changes in states, such as how hot air balloons rise and explosions occur.

1. Particle Model Made by: Gilbert Vincenta Grade: Grade 7

2. Particles of Matter There are three states of matter. This is called the particle theory of matter. The three states of matter are: Solid, Liquid, Gas.

3. Characteristics of Particles in the Three States of Matter: In solid, the particles are vibrate to and fro. In liquid, the particles can change position by sliding over each other. In gas, the particles are move freely & at high speed.

4. Picture of 3 States of Matter:

5. Changes In Solids When a solid’s heated, it expands. When a solid’s cools, it contracts.

6. Why do we Need a Barrier Between The 2 Solid Objects? Because, the barrier will give space for the expanding of the solids. It’s important, if not have the barrier, the objects will folding and dangerous for the railway.

7. Change In Liquids When liquids heated, it expand more than solids. When liquids cooled, it contracts. The expansion & contraction of liquids can be demonstrated by setting up the apparatus.

8. When water gets hot it expand & rises up the glass tube. When the water cools the level of water, the tube falls. When the water cools, it contracts. Only the water that when it rises 4 celcius degree, it expands. Apparatus When water is cooled

9. Picture of Apparatus:

10. Picture of Water is Cooled:

11. Changes In Gases The particles in gases is expand when it’s heated. The particles in gases is contracts when it’s cooled. The gas expands 10x more than liquid.

12. To make the air balloons on the sky, we need a very low density. An explosion occurs when a gas is made to expand very strong & quick. Hot Air Balloons Explosions

13. The Picture of Hot Air Balloons:

14. The Picture of Explosions:

15. Inside a Car Engine Car engine has cylinders which small explosions occur. The mixture of air & petrol vapour ignited by spark plug & the hot gases which expand quickly, push down the piston. The force of the piston changed into turning force by other engine, used to turn the car’s wheels.

16. The Picture of Inside The Car Engine:

17. Different of Evaporation & Boiling Boiling will happen when the matter reaches the boiling point. Evaporation can happen anytime.

18. The End… Thank you for your attention….   