Exploring the connections between the exponents of hip-hop, disco and punk in the late 1970s and early 1980s and artists such as Keith Haring, who had his antecedents in Andy Warhol and his Factory, and looking at the music videos of Blondie and Grace Jones.
Top swing artists that emerged from the harlem renaissanceSwing Street Radio
To enjoy music by swing artists, tune into the big band swing music radio. Here is a list of renowned artists who had emerged from the Harlem renaissance.
Top swing artists that emerged from the harlem renaissanceSwing Street Radio
To enjoy music by swing artists, tune into the big band swing music radio. Here is a list of renowned artists who had emerged from the Harlem renaissance.
(please note that since this was a keynote exported to a pdf, the embedded videos will not play) Mozilla’s Doug Belshaw says that the “heart” of “digital literacies” is the Remix. Kirby Ferguson eloquently encouraged us in his TED talk to “Embrace the Remix”, because, as his enlightening documentary series reminds us, “everything is a remix”. Newspaper blackout artist and award-winning author Austin Kleon’s advice to budding creatives is to “Steal Like an Artist”, because “you are a mashup of what you let into your life”. Our students are engrossed in remix culture - they are the appropriation and recontextualization generation. Remix calls for knowledge and understanding, critical, higher-order, and design thinking, a variety of tech skills, and, frequently, collaboration and navigation in the greater media landscape. Most importantly a remix task offers students a chance to truly transform a work and create something unique - something that will contribute to their digital presence and legacy. This session is part pedagogical/philosophical and part participatory. Attendees will leave with a “goodie-bag” of resources and ideas as well as have the opportunity to develop, practice, and share several types of remix projects.
Keynote Presentation I gave in Ad Tech Tokyo International (http://international.adtech-tokyo.com/) about innovation and entrepeneurship development in Asia and the importance of diversity and the english language.
Participation, Remediation And Bricolage1Marta Conejo
We live immersed in a Digital Culture which is an emerging set of values, practices, and expectations reflected in the way people act and interact within modern society. Its principal components are participation (collaboration, we are not only citizens but netizens); remediation (legitimacy and credibility); and bricolage (reuse of sources, redistribute information). Therefore, by examining these three aspects of a Digital Culture, the author comes to two conclusions. First, cultures exist side by side, partly overlap, and certain values mean different things within different media cultures, as for example bricolage in electronic media can mean zapping (TV) and scanning (radio), whereas on the Internet it can refer to aggregating secondhand truths through deep linking. Second, the moment one names and defines a culture, it has already become something else. There is no such thing as “the” digital culture.
Remix, Remake, Remodel.
A primer on Remix Culture featuring an all star cast: Lessig, The Avalanches, Girl Talk, Andrew Keen (OK forget that last one...)
This presentation was presented as part of my Masters in Digital Communications and Culture at the University of Sydney and was a helluva lot of fun to present!
NOTE: The videos in this presentation have not been enabled to play
“The tag is the soul of the Internet”, says Derrick de Kerckhove in The Augmented Mind. How can educators exploit the use of tagging content in a variety of mediums in order to help students practice these new literacies and understand the workings of the Web? In this session we’ll look at both practical and creative (or “meta”) tagging and explore ways to organize a course in Twitter, G+, Storify, Instagram, and Wordpress blogs. We’ll explore playful uses of tags to recontextualize, add commentary, or create art, poetry, and literature. The hashtag is a powerful device of the organization of knowledge, but it can be maximized for critical and divergent thinking.
*this is a presentation with hands-on activities. Please bring a mobile device and, if you wish, a laptop.
Slides for a presentation for the eGems series on using Mashup techniques to create useful spaces for classes, learner groups and communities of practice.
Remix Culture: Digital Music and Video Remix Opportunities for Creative Produ...Erin Reilly
Reilly, E. (2010) “Remix Culture: Digital Music and Video Remix Opportunities for Creative Production” Editor: Jessica Parker, Teaching Tech-Savvy Kids: Bringing Digital Media into the Classroom, Grades 5-12. Corwin Press.
“Everything is beautiful. Pop is everything.”- One of Any Warhol’s famous quotes rightly explains the rage with which Pop Art had taken over the world. The pop art movement, started in the mid-1950s has redefined the visuals of art and given it a whole new dimension. Following the abstract art popularity, pop art emerged as a complete contrast to the former.
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The power of the image: Contemporary art, gender, and the politics of perceptionDeborahJ
The relation between visual representations and the identity of the human subject.
The ideas and research that have informed this lecture are grounded in the areas of queer theory, gender studies, critical race theory, and feminist studies.
The global image. from consumer culture to the digital revolution DeborahJ
The Global Image: From Consumer Culture to the Digital Revolution is focused on the way we engage with images in the post-Internet era, when they can be shared, reproduced, altered, and distributed more easily than ever before in human history.
Beyond the visual: The Body in Contemporary ArtDeborahJ
When we think of the Body in Contemporary Art we could consider a number of different and relevant aspects. For instance, the body - the human form - is central in art, traditionally the body was often used to explore allegory, beauty and sexuality and so on. But in the twentieth century there was a significant shift in both how the body was perceived, and how it was used to create art across a range of media, from painting and sculpture to installation, photography, video art, performance and participatory art. By considering the different roles played by the body in art, we can identify that there has been a shift from being the subject, for example, in a portraiture, to becoming an active presence in live and participatory events. Alongside this there has also been a significant transformation of the role of the audience, broadly speaking, from passive viewer to active participant.
This presentation crutinises how art practitioners are navigating the artworld, which in our contemporary, late capitalist society is arguably, increasingly regulated by free market conditions, managed in the artworld by the same bureaucrats, curators, dealers and gallery owners, roles that have encroached on the career of artists themselves.
Debates around the idea that the interrelation or the interaction between artwork and viewers has been modified with the practice of Relational Aesthetics.
How Art Works: Week 5 The Rise of the ismsDeborahJ
This lecture will:
Examine how artists sought to find a language that would adequately express the changes and disruptions associated with modern life
Attempt to capture the dialectical relationship between each movement and its predecessors
Make connections between historical events and art genres
Encouraged you to think of styles as useful tools for exploration and analysis, rather than as hard and fast academic definitions, and to relate to the art itself rather than to a merely conceptual idea
Is a picture worth 1,000 words? Textual AnalysisDeborahJ
This lecture will introduce semiotics or the semiology of art, a mechanism for deriving meaning that is considered to a more inclusive development of Panofsky’s Iconography
How Art Works: Week 1 The ‘unruly discipline’ DeborahJ
This lecture will:
introduce ways to think about art and its history and help you to understand how art historians go about their practice
look at some of the issues and debates that make up the disciple of Art History
offer some reconsiderations of art history
consider the importance of the gallery and museum
Aims of todays lecture:
To analyse the conditions in which contemporary art is produced
To (re) evaluate your function as an artist within a broad context
Address making a living in the current climate of instability and enforced austerity
Consider issues of free labour, particularly internships, in the cultural sector
As a film director, I have always been awestruck by the magic of animation. Animation, a medium once considered solely for the amusement of children, has undergone a significant transformation over the years. Its evolution from a rudimentary form of entertainment to a sophisticated form of storytelling has stirred my creativity and expanded my vision, offering limitless possibilities in the realm of cinematic storytelling.
From Slave to Scourge: The Existential Choice of Django Unchained. The Philos...Rodney Thomas Jr
#SSAPhilosophy #DjangoUnchained #DjangoFreeman #ExistentialPhilosophy #Freedom #Identity #Justice #Courage #Rebellion #Transformation
Welcome to SSA Philosophy, your ultimate destination for diving deep into the profound philosophies of iconic characters from video games, movies, and TV shows. In this episode, we explore the powerful journey and existential philosophy of Django Freeman from Quentin Tarantino’s masterful film, "Django Unchained," in our video titled, "From Slave to Scourge: The Existential Choice of Django Unchained. The Philosophy of Django Freeman!"
From Slave to Scourge: The Existential Choice of Django Unchained – The Philosophy of Django Freeman!
Join me as we delve into the existential philosophy of Django Freeman, uncovering the profound lessons and timeless wisdom his character offers. Through his story, we find inspiration in the power of choice, the quest for justice, and the courage to defy oppression. Django Freeman’s philosophy is a testament to the human spirit’s unyielding drive for freedom and justice.
Don’t forget to like, comment, and subscribe to SSA Philosophy for more in-depth explorations of the philosophies behind your favorite characters. Hit the notification bell to stay updated on our latest videos. Let’s discover the principles that shape these icons and the profound lessons they offer.
Django Freeman’s story is one of the most compelling narratives of transformation and empowerment in cinema. A former slave turned relentless bounty hunter, Django’s journey is not just a physical liberation but an existential quest for identity, justice, and retribution. This video delves into the core philosophical elements that define Django’s character and the profound choices he makes throughout his journey.
Link to video: https://youtu.be/GszqrXk38qk
Maximizing Your Streaming Experience with XCIPTV- Tips for 2024.pdfXtreame HDTV
In today’s digital age, streaming services have become an integral part of our entertainment lives. Among the myriad of options available, XCIPTV stands out as a premier choice for those seeking seamless, high-quality streaming. This comprehensive guide will delve into the features, benefits, and user experience of XCIPTV, illustrating why it is a top contender in the IPTV industry.
Are the X-Men Marvel or DC An In-Depth Exploration.pdfXtreame HDTV
The world of comic books is vast and filled with iconic characters, gripping storylines, and legendary rivalries. Among the most famous groups of superheroes are the X-Men. Created in the early 1960s, the X-Men have become a cultural phenomenon, featuring in comics, animated series, and blockbuster movies. A common question among newcomers to the comic book world is: Are the X-Men Marvel or DC? This article delves into the history, creators, and significant moments of the X-Men to provide a comprehensive answer.
Meet Crazyjamjam - A TikTok Sensation | Blog EternalBlog Eternal
Crazyjamjam, the TikTok star everyone's talking about! Uncover her secrets to success, viral trends, and more in this exclusive feature on Blog Eternal.
Source: https://blogeternal.com/celebrity/crazyjamjam-leaks/
Tom Selleck Net Worth: A Comprehensive Analysisgreendigital
Over several decades, Tom Selleck, a name synonymous with charisma. From his iconic role as Thomas Magnum in the television series "Magnum, P.I." to his enduring presence in "Blue Bloods," Selleck has captivated audiences with his versatility and charm. As a result, "Tom Selleck net worth" has become a topic of great interest among fans. and financial enthusiasts alike. This article delves deep into Tom Selleck's wealth, exploring his career, assets, endorsements. and business ventures that contribute to his impressive economic standing.
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Early Life and Career Beginnings
The Foundation of Tom Selleck's Wealth
Born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, Tom Selleck grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. His journey towards building a large net worth began with humble origins. , Selleck pursued a business administration degree at the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. But, his interest shifted towards acting. leading him to study at the Hills Playhouse under Milton Katselas.
Minor roles in television and films marked Selleck's early career. He appeared in commercials and took on small parts in T.V. series such as "The Dating Game" and "Lancer." These initial steps, although modest. laid the groundwork for his future success and the growth of Tom Selleck net worth. Breakthrough with "Magnum, P.I."
The Role that Defined Tom Selleck's Career
Tom Selleck's breakthrough came with the role of Thomas Magnum in the CBS television series "Magnum, P.I." (1980-1988). This role made him a household name and boosted his net worth. The series' popularity resulted in Selleck earning large salaries. leading to financial stability and increased recognition in Hollywood.
"Magnum P.I." garnered high ratings and critical acclaim during its run. Selleck's portrayal of the charming and resourceful private investigator resonated with audiences. making him one of the most beloved television actors of the 1980s. The success of "Magnum P.I." played a pivotal role in shaping Tom Selleck net worth, establishing him as a major star.
Film Career and Diversification
Expanding Tom Selleck's Financial Portfolio
While "Magnum, P.I." was a cornerstone of Selleck's career, he did not limit himself to television. He ventured into films, further enhancing Tom Selleck net worth. His filmography includes notable movies such as "Three Men and a Baby" (1987). which became the highest-grossing film of the year, and its sequel, "Three Men and a Little Lady" (1990). These box office successes contributed to his wealth.
Selleck's versatility allowed him to transition between genres. from comedies like "Mr. Baseball" (1992) to westerns such as "Quigley Down Under" (1990). This diversification showcased his acting range. and provided many income streams, reinforcing Tom Selleck net worth.
Television Resurgence with "Blue Bloods"
Sustaining Wealth through Consistent Success
In 2010, Tom Selleck began starring as Frank Reagan i
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Panchayat Season 3 - Official Trailer.pdfSuleman Rana
The dearest series "Panchayat" is set to make a victorious return with its third season, and the fervor is discernible. The authority trailer, delivered on May 28, guarantees one more enamoring venture through the country heartland of India.
Jitendra Kumar keeps on sparkling as Abhishek Tripathi, the city-reared engineer who ends up functioning as the secretary of the Panchayat office in the curious town of Phulera. His nuanced depiction of a young fellow exploring the difficulties of country life while endeavoring to adjust to his new environmental factors has earned far and wide recognition.
Neena Gupta and Raghubir Yadav return as Manju Devi and Brij Bhushan Dubey, separately. Their dynamic science and immaculate acting rejuvenate the hardships of town administration. Gupta's depiction of the town Pradhan with an ever-evolving outlook, matched with Yadav's carefully prepared exhibition, adds profundity and credibility to the story.
New Difficulties and Experiences
The trailer indicates new difficulties anticipating the characters, as Abhishek keeps on wrestling with his part in the town and his yearnings for a superior future. The series has reliably offset humor with social editorial, and Season 3 looks ready to dig much more profound into the intricacies of rustic organization and self-awareness.
Watchers can hope to see a greater amount of the enchanting and particular residents who have become fan top picks. Their connections and the one of a kind cut of-life situations give a reviving and interesting portrayal of provincial India, featuring the two its appeal and its difficulties.
A Mix of Humor and Heart
One of the signs of "Panchayat" is its capacity to mix humor with sincere narrating. The trailer features minutes that guarantee to convey giggles, as well as scenes that pull at the heartstrings. This equilibrium has been a critical calculate the show's prosperity, resounding with crowds across different socioeconomics.
Creation Greatness
The creation quality remaining parts first rate, with the beautiful setting of Phulera town filling in as a scenery that upgrades the narrating. The meticulousness in portraying provincial life, joined with sharp composition and solid exhibitions, guarantees that "Panchayat" keeps on hanging out in the packed web series scene.
Expectation and Delivery
As the delivery date draws near, expectation for "Panchayat" Season 3 is at a record-breaking high. The authority trailer has previously created critical buzz, with fans enthusiastically anticipating the continuation of Abhishek Tripathi's excursion and the new undertakings that lie ahead in Phulera.
All in all, the authority trailer for "Panchayat" Season 3 recommends that watchers are in for another drawing in and engaging ride. Yet again with its charming characters, convincing story, and ideal mix of humor and show, the new season is set to enamor crowds. Write in your schedules and prepare to get back to the endearing universe of "Panchayat."
In the vast landscape of cinema, stories have been told, retold, and reimagined in countless ways. At the heart of this narrative evolution lies the concept of a "remake". A successful remake allows us to revisit cherished tales through a fresh lens, often reflecting a different era's perspective or harnessing the power of advanced technology. Yet, the question remains, what makes a remake successful? Today, we will delve deeper into this subject, identifying the key ingredients that contribute to the success of a remake.
From the Editor's Desk: 115th Father's day Celebration - When we see Father's day in Hindu context, Nanda Baba is the most vivid figure which comes to the mind. Nanda Baba who was the foster father of Lord Krishna is known to provide love, care and affection to Lord Krishna and Balarama along with his wife Yashoda; Letter’s to the Editor: Mother's Day - Mother is a precious life for their children. Mother is life breath for her children. Mother's lap is the world happiness whose debt can never be paid.
Scandal! Teasers June 2024 on etv Forum.co.zaIsaac More
Monday, 3 June 2024
Episode 47
A friend is compelled to expose a manipulative scheme to prevent another from making a grave mistake. In a frantic bid to save Jojo, Phakamile agrees to a meeting that unbeknownst to her, will seal her fate.
Tuesday, 4 June 2024
Episode 48
A mother, with her son's best interests at heart, finds him unready to heed her advice. Motshabi finds herself in an unmanageable situation, sinking fast like in quicksand.
Wednesday, 5 June 2024
Episode 49
A woman fabricates a diabolical lie to cover up an indiscretion. Overwhelmed by guilt, she makes a spontaneous confession that could be devastating to another heart.
Thursday, 6 June 2024
Episode 50
Linda unwittingly discloses damning information. Nhlamulo and Vuvu try to guide their friend towards the right decision.
Friday, 7 June 2024
Episode 51
Jojo's life continues to spiral out of control. Dintle weaves a web of lies to conceal that she is not as successful as everyone believes.
Monday, 10 June 2024
Episode 52
A heated confrontation between lovers leads to a devastating admission of guilt. Dintle's desperation takes a new turn, leaving her with dwindling options.
Tuesday, 11 June 2024
Episode 53
Unable to resort to violence, Taps issues a verbal threat, leaving Mdala unsettled. A sister must explain her life choices to regain her brother's trust.
Wednesday, 12 June 2024
Episode 54
Winnie makes a very troubling discovery. Taps follows through on his threat, leaving a woman reeling. Layla, oblivious to the truth, offers an incentive.
Thursday, 13 June 2024
Episode 55
A nosy relative arrives just in time to thwart a man's fatal decision. Dintle manipulates Khanyi to tug at Mo's heartstrings and get what she wants.
Friday, 14 June 2024
Episode 56
Tlhogi is shocked by Mdala's reaction following the revelation of their indiscretion. Jojo is in disbelief when the punishment for his crime is revealed.
Monday, 17 June 2024
Episode 57
A woman reprimands another to stay in her lane, leading to a damning revelation. A man decides to leave his broken life behind.
Tuesday, 18 June 2024
Episode 58
Nhlamulo learns that due to his actions, his worst fears have come true. Caiphus' extravagant promises to suppliers get him into trouble with Ndu.
Wednesday, 19 June 2024
Episode 59
A woman manages to kill two birds with one stone. Business doom looms over Chillax. A sobering incident makes a woman realize how far she's fallen.
Thursday, 20 June 2024
Episode 60
Taps' offer to help Nhlamulo comes with hidden motives. Caiphus' new ideas for Chillax have MaHilda excited. A blast from the past recognizes Dintle, not for her newfound fame.
Friday, 21 June 2024
Episode 61
Taps is hungry for revenge and finds a rope to hang Mdala with. Chillax's new job opportunity elicits mixed reactions from the public. Roommates' initial meeting starts off on the wrong foot.
Monday, 24 June 2024
Episode 62
Taps seizes new information and recruits someone on the inside. Mary's new job
Skeem Saam in June 2024 available on ForumIsaac More
Monday, June 3, 2024 - Episode 241: Sergeant Rathebe nabs a top scammer in Turfloop. Meikie is furious at her uncle's reaction to the truth about Ntswaki.
Tuesday, June 4, 2024 - Episode 242: Babeile uncovers the truth behind Rathebe’s latest actions. Leeto's announcement shocks his employees, and Ntswaki’s ordeal haunts her family.
Wednesday, June 5, 2024 - Episode 243: Rathebe blocks Babeile from investigating further. Melita warns Eunice to stay clear of Mr. Kgomo.
Thursday, June 6, 2024 - Episode 244: Tbose surrenders to the police while an intruder meddles in his affairs. Rathebe's secret mission faces a setback.
Friday, June 7, 2024 - Episode 245: Rathebe’s antics reach Kganyago. Tbose dodges a bullet, but a nightmare looms. Mr. Kgomo accuses Melita of witchcraft.
Monday, June 10, 2024 - Episode 246: Ntswaki struggles on her first day back at school. Babeile is stunned by Rathebe’s romance with Bullet Mabuza.
Tuesday, June 11, 2024 - Episode 247: An unexpected turn halts Rathebe’s investigation. The press discovers Mr. Kgomo’s affair with a young employee.
Wednesday, June 12, 2024 - Episode 248: Rathebe chases a criminal, resorting to gunfire. Turf High is rife with tension and transfer threats.
Thursday, June 13, 2024 - Episode 249: Rathebe traps Kganyago. John warns Toby to stop harassing Ntswaki.
Friday, June 14, 2024 - Episode 250: Babeile is cleared to investigate Rathebe. Melita gains Mr. Kgomo’s trust, and Jacobeth devises a financial solution.
Monday, June 17, 2024 - Episode 251: Rathebe feels the pressure as Babeile closes in. Mr. Kgomo and Eunice clash. Jacobeth risks her safety in pursuit of Kganyago.
Tuesday, June 18, 2024 - Episode 252: Bullet Mabuza retaliates against Jacobeth. Pitsi inadvertently reveals his parents’ plans. Nkosi is shocked by Khwezi’s decision on LJ’s future.
Wednesday, June 19, 2024 - Episode 253: Jacobeth is ensnared in deceit. Evelyn is stressed over Toby’s case, and Letetswe reveals shocking academic results.
Thursday, June 20, 2024 - Episode 254: Elizabeth learns Jacobeth is in Mpumalanga. Kganyago's past is exposed, and Lehasa discovers his son is in KZN.
Friday, June 21, 2024 - Episode 255: Elizabeth confirms Jacobeth’s dubious activities in Mpumalanga. Rathebe lies about her relationship with Bullet, and Jacobeth faces theft accusations.
Monday, June 24, 2024 - Episode 256: Rathebe spies on Kganyago. Lehasa plans to retrieve his son from KZN, fearing what awaits.
Tuesday, June 25, 2024 - Episode 257: MaNtuli fears for Kwaito’s safety in Mpumalanga. Mr. Kgomo and Melita reconcile.
Wednesday, June 26, 2024 - Episode 258: Kganyago makes a bold escape. Elizabeth receives a shocking message from Kwaito. Mrs. Khoza defends her husband against scam accusations.
Thursday, June 27, 2024 - Episode 259: Babeile's skillful arrest changes the game. Tbose and Kwaito face a hostage crisis.
Friday, June 28, 2024 - Episode 260: Two women face the reality of being scammed. Turf is rocked by breaking
2. Connections between the music scene and the art scene Specifically looking at connections between the exponents of hip-hop, disco and punk in the late 1970s and early 1980s and artists such as Keith Haring, who had his antecedents in Andy Warhol and his Factory, and looking at the music videos of Blondie and Grace Jones.
4. The aesthetics and politics of psychedelia are quite rightly celebrated because they not only made their mark in popular culture but also left distinct traces in the work of major artists of the period. For example Andy Warhol’s pioneering slide and film projection performances at the Velvet Underground live shows.
5. Context: The 1960s were a decade of protests, social revolution and MOST significantly IN THIS DISCUSSION, the end of deference. These events profoundly and irrevocably changed social attitudes and were a catalyst for one of the most significant intellectual shifts resulting from a newfound scepticism of hierarchical structures of power.
6. It is against the backdrop of these events and places that artists and musicians began to shape their worldview. They began producing work that reflected their social and political reality. Patti Smith
7. It is with this recent history I want to discuss the rise of Hip-Hop and its connections to Graffiti art and mainstream music.
8.
9. In the early 1980s there was a fear that New York was a corrupt city and the explosion of Graffiti Art exemplified this lack of authority or civil order, a symbol of decadent New York at that time.
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11. It is now recognised that it was an emerging youth culture that now reaches into every corner of art, fashion, and entertainment.
12. The Fun Gallery featured the works of many of the era’s most influential artists and holds an important place in Graffiti Art history. It was instrumental in reintroducing the underground art form into the mainstream art world in the early 1980s.
13. The legendary hip-hop epic WILD STYLE, stared Fred Braithwaite (Fab Five Freddy) who also produced the soundtrack album. The film dramatises the pivotal moment when New York Graffiti culture entered the art world and was popularised by the media.
14. In 2007 the graffiti world was excited by the discovery of a wall covered with the tags of old school superstars Fab Five Freddy, Futura 2000, Jean-Michel Basquiat and others.
15. The Fun Gallery mixed together genuine graffiti artists like Fred Braithwaite who was immersed in the burgeoning graffiti scene on the streets and in the subway system of the city, with the likes of Keith Haring who was not a graffiti artist, but a professionally trained artist who adopted a graffiti style.
16.
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18. Haring forged an entirely fresh aesthetic, with roots in punk, hip hop and the late 70s craze for street graffiti Haring and Grace Jones
19. The alternative New York art scene of the early 1980s was marked by widely recognized artists who stayed close to the streets and popular culture. It was multicultural, urban, inclusive, and plugged into the dance club circuit in which Grace Jones gained prominence.
20.
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23. Jones's performances embodied a negotiation of two of the most crucial issues during that period: art in relation to popular culture and modernist conceptions of ‘Primitivism’ reinterpreted by modernism's black female ‘Other’ .
24. REPRESENTATION IS NOT NEUTRAL; IT IS AN ACT OF POWER IN OUR CULTURE. Craig Owens, 1992
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30. Although the connection between the art scene and the music industry was first established in the 1960s, the 1980s forged an unprecedented bond between art, music and nightclubs. It was a seminal moment in the potent fusion of art and music. The New York scene was a deliberate attempt to constitute a culture with a synthesis of key elements, dance, music and art. Its elements were adopted in varying degrees, most notably the music industry had the ability and finance to spread Hip Hop music further than the art world did graffiti. The graffiti movement was a generally isolated phenomenon with only a few artists establishing careers in the art world within New York.
Editor's Notes
This lecture is part of the series that looks at the connections between the music scene and the art scene generally. Today I am specifically exploring the connections between the exponents of hip-hop, disco and punk in the late 1970s and early 1980s and artists such as Keith Haring, who had his antecedents in Andy Warhol and his Factory, and looking at the music videos of Blondie and Grace Jones.
Discussions of mid, to late 20th century music and art usually focus on the well trodden Notable collaborations Beatles and Peter Blake Yoko Ono "Ceiling Painting" (or the "YES Painting") (Anecdotes of Lennon and Ono’s meeting and the subsequent mutual artistic exchanges between them) Celebrated most recently in the exhibition SUMMER OF LOVE: ART OF THE PSYCHEDELIC ERA Psychedelic rock of the 60s (The Beatles, The Byrds)
The aesthetics and politics of psychedelia are quite rightly celebrated because they not only made their mark in popular culture but also left distinct traces in the work of major artists of the period. For example Andy Warhol’s pioneering slide and film projection performances at the Velvet Underground live shows.
Context The 1960s were a decade of protests, social revolution and MOST significantly IN THIS DISCUSSION, the end of deference. Students being amongst the first to sense the zeitgeist challenged the status quo with pro-situ happenings which attacked expertise. The socio-political turmoil reached its peak in May 68 with the Paris student uprising when 30,000 students clashed with police. French workers came out in support with a general strike which almost toppled the government. ART STUDENTS IN LONDON, HORSEY AFFAIR. These events profoundly and irrevocably changed social attitudes and were a catalyst for one of the most significant intellectual shifts resulting from a newfound scepticism of hierarchical structures of power. AND POWER IS AN AREA OF THIS DISCUSSION THAT I WILL BE RETURNING TO.
It is against the backdrop of these events and places that artists and musicians began to shape their worldview. They began producing work that reflected their social and political reality. One notable example being the struggle of black people to gain political recognition and another being the rise of an antiauthoritarian view that was manifest in the Punk DIY ethos. An associated punk subculture emerged, expressing youthful rebellion and characterized by distinctive clothing styles and a variety of anti-authoritarian ideologies. Robert Mapplethorpe Andy Warhol, Deborah Harry, Grace Jones, and Patti Smith (a Patti Smith portrait from 1986 recalls Albrecht Durer's 1500 self-portrait
Martin Luther King After World War Two, a broad movement against racist institutions and stereotypes developed in many Western societies. Civil rights organisations in the United States protested against negative stereotypes of African-Americans and against institutional racism and discrimination.The 1960s and 1970s introduced popular images of black emancipation - 'black pride', 'black is beautiful', 'black power', 'black solidarity'. Derogatory images of black people were gradually pushed back and, along with a stronger presence of black people in media, more positive and 'normal' images appeared. It is with this recent history I want to discuss the rise of Hip-Hop and its connections to Graffiti art and mainstream music.
Preamble over. Some of the artists I am going to be talking about had their origins in the illegal graffiti art in New York in the 1980s. Their work was figurative and narrative in a neo-expressionistic style; they painted with references to both popular culture and to traditional art. WHY THE 1980S, POSTMODERNISM New York was in recession. It is in this context that the NY subways and streets were graffiti-tagged with provocative images that shocked the establishment. It was only a few years till gallery owners fought to have them, the art dealers lined up and the art was sold for remarkably high prices. Several artists were active in the milieu associated with Andy Warhol's studio, The Factory.
In the early 1980s there was a fear that New York was a corrupt city and the explosion of Graffiti Art exemplified this lack of authority or civil order, a symbol of decadent New York at that time. It was the height of the Regan era, with its Cold War paranoia, intensified by growing nuclear fears, and inner cities and civic institutions in a state of increased upheaval and decay. Influenced by a mix of popular commercial culture, inner city economics and social terms Graffiti Art was seen as a challenge to the middle class and elite aesthetics, however it is more accurately linked to the rapid gestation of the hip hop movement. Because they share similar spaces and media, graffiti art is often confused with gang graffiti. There are differences in both form and intent. The purpose of graffiti art is self-expression and creativity, and may involve highly stylised letter forms on walls, buildings, and freight trains. Graffiti artists strive to improve their art, which is constantly changing and progressing. The purpose of gang graffiti, on the other hand, is to mark territorial boundaries, and is therefore limited to a gangs neighbourhood; it does not presuppose artistic intent. Hip hop encompasses graffiti, rapping, DJing and break dancing.
Initially Graffiti Art had been a form of recreation, allowing young people to create a sense of community for themselves and connected to a sense of place and self identity. However by the early 1980s the art world had officially collided with graffiti culture, it was being brought to the attention of the galleries and middle classes with a shift from tag based territorial bombing to large scale mural throw ups towards more gallery recognisable work. Graffiti Art had moved beyond the transit system and was no longer pursued only by young teenagers as a lifestyle but as a professional practice. Graffiti became a prominent force in urban settings in the late 20th century and mention of the word conjures up many different images in people's minds - is it art or is it vandalism? a cause of the urban decay or a product from it? The scope of attitudes towards graffiti is wide and controversial.
It is now recognised that it was an emerging youth culture that now reaches into every corner of art, fashion, and entertainment.
Manhattan’s East Village, with its long and charged history as a stronghold of radical bohemianism was the location of the Fun Gallery. Firmly rooted in the alternative sub culture and connected to music and to the club scene it was established in 1981 by underground film star Patti Astor and her partner Bill Stelling. The Fun Gallery featured the works of many of the era’s most influential artists and holds an important place in Graffiti Art history. It was instrumental in reintroducing the underground art form into the mainstream art world in the early 1980s. However, the Fun Gallery had a different mentality; it was experimental and less commercially orientated, refusing to let artists produce canvases, instead encouraging mural based work on the wall. It facilitated the growth and the development of the artist’s work without compromise of their street credibility.
As an actress Patti Astor stared in over a dozen low- budget features including the legendary hip-hop epic WILD STYLE, the film also stared Fred Braithwaite (Fab Five Freddy) who also produced the soundtrack album. The film dramatises the pivotal moment when New York Graffiti culture entered the art world and was popularised by the media. It should be asserted that many graffiti writers do not call their work graffiti, but rather writing.
In 2007 t he graffiti world was excited by the discovery of a wall covered with the tags of old school superstars Fab Five Freddy, Futura 2000, Jean-Michel Basquiat and others. Being slightly flip.. CULTURALLY AS IMPORTANT AS…
The Fun Gallery mixed together genuine graffiti artists like Fred Braithwaite who was immersed in the burgeoning graffiti scene on the streets and in the subway system of the city, with the likes of Keith Haring who was not a graffiti artist, but a professionally trained artist who adopted a graffiti style. Subway trains were the primary site of Graffiti Art, as trains are publicly visible spaces that cross and connect neighbourhood boundaries and are central to the life of the city.
Haring was a graphic arts student dropout who drew heavily on the city's graffiti culture and gained mass recognition for chalking hundreds of images on the New York subway. In 1980, he participated in a seminal "street art" show at Times Square with Basquiat and also painted murals on venues due for demolition across the world, only turning to work on canvas in 1985. He went on to appear on MTV and body-painted the singer Grace Jones for a pop video. Music videos were along with relatively inexpensive and easy to use video recording and editing equipment were two key innovations of the 1980s. The advent of high-quality colour videotape recorders and portable video cameras coincided with the DIY ethos of the New Wave era, enabling many pop acts to produce promotional videos quickly and cheaply.
Keith Haring (1958-1990), The narrative of the East Village cannot be relayed without giving attention to the devastating role played by AIDS, in terms of the resulting deaths of many of the leading figures and some of the work created at the time and in the neighbourhoods eventual demise as a gallery district. The AIDS virus was discovered in 1984 as a virus of primarily gay men. This discovery has an impact on the personal lives,and the careers of many artists including Keith Haring who was diagnosed with AIDS. He spent much of his career in a creative response to the AIDS crisis. Haring saw art as an activist statement promoting societal awareness to the political, health, and cultural problems associated with the virus. Haring was part of the graffiti art movement.
Haring forged an entirely fresh aesthetic, with roots in punk, hip hop and the late 70s craze for street graffiti. Haring was a populist and this is borne out by his graffiti, accessible pop imagery, his many community projects undertaken for free and his Pop Shop boutique in New York. He became a good friend of Andy Warhol, echoing Warhol’s discarding the distinctions between high and commercial art. It was Warhol who introduced Haring to the performer Grace Jones with whom he collaborated with. SHOW “I’M NOT PERFECT” BY JONES Jones wore body paint and outfits designed by artist Keith Haring. Warhol features in the video too
The alternative New York art scene of the early 1980s was marked by widely recognized artists who stayed close to the streets and popular culture. It was multicultural, urban, inclusive, and plugged into the dance club circuit in which Grace Jones gained prominence.
Dance clubs like Paradise Garage was among the venues of the alternative scene that enjoyed a certain social cachet. These clubs were popular rendezvous for artists, musicians and actors. Not just musical events took place here, but also exhibitions and live performances. In a convergence of art and music Jones collaborated with Haring in two live performances staged at Paradise Garage in 1985. For the performances Haring hand painted Jones’ body in his characteristically stylised hieroglyphic white designs, inspired by the body paintings of the African Masai. Jones also adorned her body with an elaborate sculptural assemblage.
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Jones's performances embodied a negotiation of two of the most crucial issues during that period: art in relation to popular culture and modernist conceptions of ‘Primitivism’ reinterpreted by modernism's black female ‘Other’. According to Haring, (who had studied semiotics) Jones was a signifier for everything he admired in the global crossroads of postmodern New York. Through the painting, adornment, and importantly through her performance, Jones played with iconic signs of the ‘primitive’, and transformed these signifiers and her body into a site of power. Here I have referenced three important terms which frame this discussion to a great extent. POWER, MODERNISM ND POSTMODERNISM EXPLAIN! Postmodernism refutes Modernist goals (universal, natural) Distortions set up by Modernism such as: Historical progress of art, natural, timeless order shattered Linear and singular dispensed, in their place heterogeneity Idealised notion of other cultures, projection of a fantasy of what that culture is (e.g. Gauguin) assumptions
And as this quote by Owen’s states, we can’t look at identity in isolation, we need therefore to place questions of identity in the context of history, language and power. With its emphasis on specific identities which challenged formalist beliefs in a universal art (created overwhelmingly by and for a specific demographic group, white, western, heterosexual men of the middle upper class), postmodernism reflect broader social critiques of hierarchies based on ethnicity, gender, sexuality and class. The thematic complex of the body, gender, identity, race etc, all acquired greater significance in art since the 1970s. Issues of identity are crucial to postmodernism
The emerging overlap between punk and hip hop, of which Haring was so much a part, became explicit in 1981, when The Times Square Show, a watershed exhibition organised by avant garde collective Colab (Collaborative Projects, Inc) brought writers and post punk artists together, just as graffiti art began to appear in alternative art spaces. A good example is the video for New Wave band Blondie’s 1981 hit ‘Rapture’, where Debbie Harry struts around a yard, rapping about the New York graffiti artists, Colab were a group of artists interested in making art and building audiences outside of the conventional art world. The video featured graffiti artists Fab Five Freddy as the ‘man from mars’ and Jean Michel Basquait. Rapture is widely recognised as the first number one rap hit. Debbie Harry and Blondie were close to the Warhol-Haring-Boho New York art scene of the early 80’s. SHOW RAPTURE
Fred Braithwaite, aka Fab Five Freddy, has a career that spans the sudden rise of hip hop culture, he was in many ways, one of the avatars of hip hop’s current cultural dominance. He has been a nationally exhibited painter, an actor, a screenwriter and a rapper but he entered the underground culture as a popular graffiti artist.
Haring's graphics, meanwhile, decorated the cover of Scratchin' - A Six Track Hip-hop Party Mix, the 1984 album by ex-punk Malcolm McLaren and The World's Famous Supreme Team Show.
In the mid-1980’s Warhol championed the work of Basquiat and Haring.
Directed by the artist Julian Schnabel Warhol played by David Bowie Schnabel inserts his own work into Warhol’s studio
I want to conclude by reiterating my opening gambit. Although the connection between the art scene and the music industry was first established in the 1960s, the 1980s forged an unprecedented bond between art, music and nightclubs. It was a seminal moment in the potent fusion of art and music. The New York scene was a deliberate attempt to constitute a culture with a synthesis of key elements, dance, music and art. Its elements were adopted in varying degrees, most notably the music industry had the ability and finance to spread Hip Hop music further than the art world did graffiti. The graffiti movement was a generally isolated phenomenon with only a few artists establishing careers in the art world within New York.