This document provides guidance on writing effective paragraphs. It discusses the key components of a paragraph, including a topic sentence, supporting sentences, and a concluding sentence that restates the main idea. It also describes different types of paragraphs such as narrative, descriptive, expository, and persuasive paragraphs. Overall, the document offers tips for organizing paragraphs and making them cohesive and easy to understand.

4. A GROUP OF SENTENCES
GROUPED TOGETHER WHICH RELATE TO
ONE TOPIC IN A COHERENT AND
LOGICAL SEQUENCE.

5.  Gives
structure to a piece of
writing.
 Because Lengthy text is boring.
 easy to read.
 Beauty .
 Introduces new information in a
logical and understandable
way.

12. The first word of every
sentence, in fact the first
word in writing of any
kind should begin with a
capital; as, "Time flies."
"My dear friend.
o

14. Start
a new paragraph when
There is a new idea or shift in
focus
A new event happens
A new character comes along
Shift in time and place

15. 
1 Topic sentence

2 supporting sentence

3 concluding sentence

16. 
Usually the first or second line of the
paragraph

The topic sentence introduction the
main idea of the paragraph..

17. 
I love going out for dinner.

My dog had a terrible experience last
week.

Police are an important part of the
community.

18. 

Can’t be too general or specific
Do not announce topic

19. I want to write about when I was in
school.
 Students always made stupid jokes and
made fun of me.

Good examples

I had terrible experiences when I was in
school.

20. 

In the paragraph we are explain only
one main idea.
one paragraph= one main idea

21. 
Add information about the topic
sentence
I spent the best year of my life helping
people build houses in costa Rice.

22. TO define the topic sentence
I was the happiest I have ever been when I lived in the
small island country.
Explain the topic sentence
I felt so good about myself because all I did was help
others all day. I helped families get a new place to live
and built schools or community center where people
can learn and work together to make a better life. It
was so great to help others.

23. 
Remind the reader about the topic

Describes the main idea one more time

24. 
Topic Sentence
My father taught me the importance
Of saving money
Concluding Sentence
As you can see, money is very important for
my dreams in life so I am thankful my father showed me
how to save


25. 
For our purposes, here are the basic
types of paragraphs:
› Narrative
› Exposition
› Descriptive
› Persuasive

26. Tells a story
 Uses specific details
 Is not a mere listing of events- it has
characters, setting, conflict, and
resolution

› Time and place are usually established

Usually chronologically organized

27. So now on nights when my mother
presented her tests, I performed
listlessly, my head propped on one arm. I
pretended to be bored, and I was. I got so
bored I started counting the bellows of the
foghorns out on the bay while my mother
drilled me in other areas… The next day, I
played a game with myself, seeing if my
mother would give up on me before eight
bellows. After a while, I usually counted
only one, maybe two at the most. At
last, she was beginning to give up hope.

28. Informative/explanatory
 Can be included incidentally with
narrative or descriptive, but can also
stand alone.
 The challenge of writing an exposition
paragraph is your credibility – how do I
know that you know what you’re talking
about?

Answer: Citations! (from experts)

29. 
Stress is defined as a state of extreme
difficulty that causes mental or physical
tension. In a recent study, teenagers were
shown to experience stress as often as
adults. According to the study, the most
common causes of stressors to teens include
divorce of parents, death of a loved one,
loneliness, moving to a new neighborhood,
and having difficulty in a social
environment. These stressors can greatly
change the way teens act in many
circumstances.

30. Series of detailed observations
 Usually not used by itself, but rather as
a part of a whole
 The challenge is to make it interesting

› Imagery
› Sensory details; five senses
› Similes, metaphors

31. 
When I think of the home town of my youth,
all that I seem to remember is dust- the
brown, crumbly dust of late summer- arid,
sterile dust that gets into the eyes and
makes them water, gets into the throat and
between the toes of bare brown feet. I
don’t know why I should remember only the
dust… And so, when I think of that time and
that place, I remember only the dry
September of the dirt roads and grassless
yards of the shanty-town where I lived.

32. 
Uses direct approach
› “Believe me and do it!”
Calls reader to action or to take a stand
on an important issue
 More than just opinion is needed;
information, analysis, and context must
be given to the reader to let him/her
make a decision


33. 
Students are currently getting ripped off.
Students who spend an average of 10 hours
or more on extracurricular activities should
receive some kind of academic credit. Most
students who are involved in
sports, music, journalism, or theater activities
are actively learning on a daily basis. They
attend practice and events and participate
regularly as they would in class.
Furthermore, their participation helps them
become more responsible and disciplined
students. Students are putting forth the
effort, and not getting any recognition for
their time.

34. _1. Is the first word indented?
_2. Does each sentence begin with a capital letter and have correct
punctuation?
_3. Are any words misspelled or left out?
_4. Have I included any sentences which do not tell about the topic?
_5. Have I restated the topic sentence?
_6. Have I used examples, facts, reasons, or sensory details for interest?
_7. Have I used exact nouns, descriptive phrases, interesting
verbs, adjectives, adverbs or comparisons.