paper Sheremetjevo Russia

1. 1
White Paper
Sheremetyevo
International
Airport
Inhabitants

2. 2
Introduction
Sheremetyevo International Airport (SVO), is
an international airport located 29 km north-
west of central Moscow. Opened in 1959, it is
one of the largest airports of Moscow and
Russia. It is now the second largest airport in
Russia after Domodedovo International Air-
port is a hub and home base for the flights of
the Russian airline Aeroflot. In 2012, the air-
port handled 26,188,000 passengers and
228,868 aircraft movements. To increase the
capacityit was necessarytoexpand the actual
airport.Therefore, SVO created a master plan
for its airport. The construction of a third
runway has been approved and is scheduled
for completion in Q3 2015. Construction of
the new North Cargo Complex and terminal G
are alsoplanned. Sheremetyevoisplanning to
serve up to 35 million passengers a year by
2015, andto raise non-aviationrevenue share
up to 60% of total income. In line with the
masterplanfor 2030, newpassengerterminal
facilities with capacity of 64 million passen-
gers a year will be opened by 2030. Obviously
expandingsuchanimportantandlarge airport
has also a certain impact on the region, and
maybe further than the region. The impact
can be positive for the inhabitants, but of
course also negative. To give a judgement
aboutthe projectas a whole,itisimportantto
make a trade-off between all these negative
elements and the positive ones. There are
three main kinds of impacts: environmental,
economicand social (Figure 1). Onlya positive
combination of these three gives a high level
of sustainability. Will the positive impact of
the airport expansion outweigh the negative
impact of for the inhabitants? A right balance
can always be found if the airport takes the
inhabitant’s necessities into account. The
most important point of this whitepaper will
be finding the balance between the airport’s
interests and those of the inhabitants. Creat-
ing ‘win-win’-situations would be ideal. Also
the scenariosthatwill take place, have a great
influence on the impact of the airport. The
airport could completely become privatized.
Anotheroptionisthatthe airport will be total-
lyin governmental hands. The most desirable
scenario is the actual situation remaining like
it is now. Altogether, eventually, the expan-
sion is mostly positive for the inhabitants of
SVO.It takesawaya little bit,togive alot back
to the inhabitants.
Inhabitants SVO -- 20-05-2013
Negative impact
Figure 1 How to reach sustainability

3. 3
The first chapter of this white paper will ana-
lyse the social impact of the expansion of the
airport, because this impact is the most im-
portantfor the inhabitants. The social impacts
of air transport are as significant and as wide-
spread within society as the economic bene-
fitsand shouldbe acknowledged,eventhough
they are more difficult to measure than eco-
nomic impacts. Nevertheless, the social im-
pact is somethingthatisimmediately percep-
tible by the people. Some examples of these
perceptible impacts are traffic, life quality,
involvement in the airport, housing and edu-
cation.
Involvement
To improve the positivity of the social impact
of the expansionof SVO,involvinginhabitants
couldbe really helpful. The inhabitants’ com-
mittee will be the link between inhabitants
and the airport. Involving the inhabitants in
the project of the expansion will influence
them positively. It is also necessary to take
decisions together with the inhabitants, be-
cause the inhabitants are ‘neighbours’ of the
airport. Almost every change at the airport is
being perceived directly or indirectly by the
inhabitants.Therefore, it is important to have
periodically meeting between the airport,
Inhabitants SVO and some other inhabitants.
This gives also the feeling to the inhabitants
that they are part of the decision making pro-
cessof the airport. Alsodoingworkshops with
elementaryschools helps to give the children
a positive view on the airport from an early
age. Research shows that growing up actively
with an airport, reduces the bad image of the
airport.It has to be clearfor all the inhabitants
thus what the benefits of the airport are.
Traffic
To not affectthe mobilityof the inhabitants it
isnecessaryto have a good highway network,
customized for the presence of the airport.
The flow from and to the airport must not
affect the mobility of the inhabitants on the
roads around the airport of SVO. The use of
public transport could be stimulated in order
to discharge the roads and highways.
Traffic - Roads
Currently there are two main roads around
the airport, the sh. Sheremet’evskoye goes
around the airport and the sh. Mezhdunarod-
noye goes to the sh. Leningadskoye Highway.
These roads are already on their limit around
the airport,according toGoogle TrafficHistory
(AppendixI).Duringthe peakhours,workdays
19:00/20:00, the roads tend to get a little bit
slower. Even though SVO is mainly focussing
on transfer passengers in the future, also the
amount of O/D-passengers will increase ex-
tremely. Therefore the roads around the air-
port and in a wider area will not be sufficient
anymore, because they are already on their
limit (Appendix II). It will be really useful to
add extraroads and highways to prevent con-
gestion for the inhabitants. The government
and local municipalities are already taking
some steps to improve the infrastructure
around the airport (Figure 2). The ongoing
modernisation of the stretch of the sh. Lenin-
gradskoye highway to SVO will be completed
by the end of 2013, including the newly-built
two-level interchange at the junction of the
MKAD ring road with the Leningradskoye
highway (Figure 3). These are important pro-
jects to prevent traffic jams, which will give
benefittothe airport,butof course alsoto the
inhabitants.
Moscow traffic is rated the world’s worst by
Dutch GPS manufacturer TomTom, which has
issued its annual congestion report. Slow
streets prolong an average ride by more than
a half,thusstealingatleast five days from the
life of a Moscow driver.
The Russian capital has topped the 2012 Con-
gestion index, revealing that the city traffic
makes an average journey 66 per cent longer
than when the traffic is flowing freely. The
morning rush hour figure goes as high as 106
per cent, in the evening it hikes up to 138 per
cent.
On average, a Moscow driver spent 127 hours
in traffic last year, that's not counting the
normal time needed to get from A to B. The
busiest traffic day was November 29, when

4. 4
Moscow streets were nearly paralyzed by
heavy snowfall.
Wednesdaysare the busiestweekdays traffic-
wise in the Russian capital, TomTom's index
shows. The smoothest ride awaits those trav-
eling on Monday mornings and Friday nights.
TomTom's Congestion Index measures traffic
congestionin 161 cities across five continents
and compares it to congestion levels in the
previous year. It is believed to be the world's
most accurate barometer of congestion in
urban areas.
The results are based on real travel time data
captured by vehicles driving the entire road
network.
“The TomTom Congestion Index clearly shows
that traffic in our major metropolitan cities is
on the rise," TomTom’s Asia Pacific VP, Chris
Kearney said in a statement. "At TomTom
we’re constantly working to help governments
and road authorities make more informed
decisions about tackling the issue of traffic
congestion and theIndex aimsto do justthat.”
.
Figure 2 Deputy Mayor for Urban Development
Khusnullin with the mayor of Moscow at sh. Leningrad-
skoye highway
Figure 3 Rush hour on MKAD
Traffic – Public transport
Public transport is pretty cheap in Moscow,
and you can get around by metro (subway),
bus,tram, taxi...The mostpopularandconven-
ientmethodof travel isthe metro. Tickets are
very cheap and are purchased at the metro
stations,atthe window labeledwith the word
"KACCA". You can buy tickets for various
numbers of journeys - from 1 to 60 jour-
neys. Once you have purchased your ticket
yougo through the turnstiles (press your card
up against the small circle - it will also show
the number of rides left) and then down to
the platform. The metro trains arrive around
every 2 minutes during peak times and the
time gap betweentrains extends to about 10-
15 minutes later at night. While being a con-
venientmethod of travel, the metro does get
very crowded, especially at rush hour, and
you'll often find yourself packed in like sar-
dines! That said, the metro is very efficient
and many of the stations are works of art in
themselves. Some of the best known ones
include Komsomolskaya- withitschandeliers,
Kievskaya, with its beautiful artwork, and
Mayakovskaya, with its marble decor and
mosaics on the ceiling.
Othermethodsof transport include trams and
buses. You can normally buy tickets for these
in advance, at metro stations and ki-
osks. Some metro stations do not sell them
howeveranditisbestto try kiosksadjacent to
bus stops and ask for 'avtoboos beelyet' and
they can be bought from the driver for a cou-
ple of roubles more. There is a powerful tool
to planyour route via public transport. It situ-

5. 5
ates at yandex.maps The interface is in Rus-
sian only but it's very simple.
Another option is to get a taxi. There are taxi
firms in Moscow which you may wish to use
when going a longer distance (e.g from the
city centre to the airport) but to go a shorter
distance it'scommon to hail an ordinary car in
the street. While inMoscow this is a common
way of getting around, caution should still be
exercised - avoid hitch hiking alone or at
night. It's best to agree a fare in advance, but
you can usually go a short distance quite
cheaply.
The infrastructure will not only ne improved
by addingand improvingroads. Improvingand
stimulating the use of public transport, from
and to the airport,can alsodischarge the main
to roads to SVO. Making parking in the direct
vicinityof the airport more expensive, rejects
passengers from parking or using their car.
Fartheraway fromthe terminal the prices can
be lower to permit visitors and passengers to
park for a normal price. This stimulates the
use of public transport. But, before stimulat-
ing the use of public transport, it has to be
optimal to manage the high amount of pas-
sengers that do not reach the airport by car.
Aeroexpress train leaves goes every half an
hour from and to SVO (Appendix III). This will
probably be an insufficient frequency in the
future with three times the actual passenger
amounts. A positive note is the stimulation of
the use of publictransport by offering a ticket
combination of train-bus and train-taxi. The
shuttle busses from the terminal to the train
station do not have a schedule and have
therefore to be optimized. However the nor-
mal bus lines do have a schedule. The bus line
services of SVO exists of:
 Bus 817 (towards Planernaya)
 Shuttle bus 948 (towards Planernaya)
 Bus 851 (towards Rechnoi Vokzal)
 Bus 851E (towards Rechnoi Vokzal)
 Shuttle bus 949 (towards Rechnoi Vokzal)
Onlyif the public transport works excellently,
the highways can be discharged.
Housing/Third runway
According to the master plan of SVO the third
runwaywill be placedover the main road that
goes to SVO. A lot of houses have to be de-
molished to place the third runway. The run-
way would also be placed over a high traffic
road. To build the runway the road has to be
closed. This would cause chaos and traffic
jams,whichwill affect also the inhabitants. In
figure 4 the runway according to the master
plan is the yellow dot. It would save a lot of
inhabitants’houses if the third runway would
be placedwhere the green dot is. Also for the
airport it would save a lot of costs, because
there are a lot of classic and precious houses
in the neighbourhood of the yellow dot (old
runway). The new location will only need the
relocation 2500 inhabitants.
Taking the nature into account, it would be
nature-friendlyto move the wood around the
green dot to another area to preserve the
faunaand nature. Also all the animals have to
be moved to another location.
Figure 4 Third runway
Environmental impact
Inhabitants’ concerns about the environmen-
tal impact of airport expansions are always
important for airports. If the environmental
impact of SVO’s expansion is too high, the
"Quality homes in these villages are
from 700 thousand dollars, and
there are cottages and 3-4 million
dollars, which are just in the exclu-
sion zone " - Head of the Analytical Centre
Corporation "Incom ", Dmitry Taganov.

6. 6
capacity has to be limited to guarantee the
well-beingof inhabitants. All the environmen-
tal rights of the inhabitants have to be re-
spected, before an expansion can take place.
Unfortunately a very negative quote of the
first part of the master plan has to be under-
lined:
This quote gives Inhabitants SVO the right to
conclude that,insome aspects,SVOpayslittle
attention to inhabitants. There are several
restrictions by the Russian governments. To
make the environmental impacts of the ex-
pansion clear to inhabitants and airport, they
will be elaborated in this chapter. Environ-
mental impact does not only consist of pollu-
tion, but also of noise, waste, water and wild
life.
SheremetyevoInternational Airportjoinedthe
celebration of Global Ecologist’s Day
by establishing a Green Environment.
On June 5, 2013, members of the mass media
got theirfirstopportunityto visit the airport’s
high-techecological facilities and observe the
implementation of Sheremetyevo Airport’s
eco-policy.
SheremetyevoAirportapplies the mechanism
of voluntary environmental responsibility.
Sheremetyevo Airport is guided by the over-
archingprinciple of ensuringthe transparency
of information regardingthe company’sactivi-
ties aimed at environmental protection.
JSC MASH implemented the Environmental
Management System (EMS) based on ISO-
14000 international standards.
Every year, the airport makes a performance
assessment of environmental, resource and
energy-savingmeasures based on key perfor-
mance indicators (KPI) related
to environmental protection.
Moreover, in 2013, Sheremetyevo Airport
plans to approve its “Energy-Saving Program
through 2015.” Implementation of this pro-
gram will generate substantial improvements
in the reliability and safety of power supply
and power facilities, energy-use efficiency,
as well as energy-cost optimization.
As part of implementation of its program
to increase energy efficiency, beginning
on July 1, 2013, Sheremetyevo Airport will
switchto hourlyelectricity settlements yield-
ingaverage material-costsavingsof up to 20%
per month.
Sheremetyevo Airport views environmental
protection as one of its top priorities. Thus,
in 2011, more than 37 million rubles was allo-
catedfor the implementationof eco-programs
and green-technology; in 2012, more than
42 million rubles was earmarked for this pur-
pose.
The eco-excursion got its start with the debut
of electricautomobiles — Sheremetyevo Air-
port has implemented services involving the
ferrying of passengers around the South Ter-
minal Complex (Terminals D, E, F) using this
environmentally-friendly mode
of transportation. Now, passengers can get
aroundthe publicareas of the terminals even
faster than before. Passengers with reduced
mobility are provided with this service free
of charge.
Using electric automobiles, excursion partici-
pants travelled to Terminal D and visited
a utility tunnel where waste sorting equip-
menthas beeninstalled.There,theyobserved
the performance capabilities of a press com-
pactor that allows for the pressing of solid
householdwaste.Media representatives also
viewedapackingpress — a powerful machine
for carton pressingdesignedforon-linecarton
processingandthe formingof packingpilesfor
further processing optimization.
..’ The Russian government has no
restrictions for air traffic noise or pollu-
tion around the airport. This offers
many possibilities of increasing the
capacity of the airport in passengers
and aircraft movements without re-
garding any restrictions.’..
PartOne MasterPlan SVO,Page30

7. 7
Afterthat,the ecology press-tour participants
visited the electric power control unit and
ascertained that Sheremetyevo Airport con-
stantlymonitorsthe power-supplystatusof all
passengerterminalsandoperational facilities.
All airportfacilitiesconsuming electric power,
as well as the slightest changes in power sup-
ply, are displayed on control unit screens.
One of the most interesting stops on the eco-
tour was the Wastewater Treatment Plant,
whichis currently in the commissioning stage
and preparing for full-scale operation. The
plant is a state-of-the-art, high-tech unit de-
veloped for the treatment of household
wastewater received from the airport build-
ings and facilities. The capacity of the
Wastewater Treatment Plant equals
2,000m³/day. The Wastewater Treatment
Plant operates virtually automatically and
effectivelyeliminates the possibility of waste
entry into the drainage system.
The followingis provided by the technologies
of household wastewater treatment in place
at the Wastewater Treatment Plant: equip-
ment for mechanical and biological
wastewatertreatment; equipment for sludge
dewatering; equipment for wastewater
treatmentfromsuspendedsolids; equipment
for the disinfection of treated household
wastewater; equipment for treated
wastewater release into surface bodies
of water.All of the equipment operates auto-
matically.
SheremetyevoInternational Airportis the first
Russian airport to develop a preliminary (cal-
culated) Sanitary Protection Zone and road-
side clear zone and have them approved
by Rospotrebnadzor (RF Federal Service for
the Supervisionof ConsumerRightsProtection
and Human Welfare). The total area of the
SanitaryProtection Zone spans 11.2 km2
, with
the area of the roadside clear zone equal
to 693.7 km2
. Regular measurements
of physical effect level (aviation noise) and
atmospheric air conditions are taken in the
aforementionedzonesto ensure the environ-
mental safety of the community.
Every year, Sheremetyevo Airport conducts
a campaign on waste paper collection.
In 2012, 7.5 tons of recyclable materials were
collected. As we now know, 60 kg of paper
collected as waste paper allows for the
preservation of 1 tree. Thus, we can confi-
dently assume that airport employees have
already saved 80 trees. The next campaign
on waste paper collection will be held
on June 13.
Pollution
Pollution is one of the most important envi-
ronmental impactsforinhabitants. Maybe it is
not really the most important environmental
impact, but for the sense of the inhabitants it
is.
Pollution – Kerosene
A very unpleasant impact of the airport on
inhabitants’ life is the unpleasant odour of
kerosene that flies over the houses, depend-
ing on the wind. Depending on the wind di-
rectionitcan be concludedwhether the kero-
sene will reach the inhabitants or not (Figure
5). The most frequent wind direction is south
west. Fortunately the largest part of the in-
habitantsthatlive directlynearthe airportlive
southeastfrom SVO.Thismeansthat a minor-
ity will have to cope with kerosene odour on
windy days. Although, most people do not
even smell the odour of kerosene when they
live further than four kilometres from the
airport.
Social & Economic Benefits
Why Sheremetyevo Airport is important
As Moscow'saviation gateway, Sheremetyevo

8. 8
Airport makes a major contribution to the
local, state and national economies as a criti-
cal transport infrastructure asset, an employ-
ment location and as a commercial activity
centre.
As part of the Master Plan process, Shere-
metyevo Airport commissioned SGS Econom-
ics and Planning to undertake a Social and
Economic Impact Assessment to assess the
airport’s impact – currently and into the fu-
ture.
How does Sheremetyevo Airport benefit the
community?
Sheremetyevo Airport operates 24 hours a
day, 7 days a week. This curfew–free status
playsa critical role inthe community –deliver-
ingan array of economicandsocial benefitsto
the local communitiessurroundingthe airport,
as well as to Moscowns and southern Austral-
ia more generally. Through the airport,
Sheremetyevo is part of a global network of
air services for passengers and freight.
Connecting communities
Airports play a vital role in connecting com-
munities, people and markets. 98% of Mos-
cownhouseholdssurveyedidentifiedconnect-
ing Sheremetyevo with other Australian and
international cities as a key benefit of the air-
port.
Supporting jobs
The daily operation of Sheremetyevo Airport
involves a multitude of jobs. The airport cre-
atesdiverse employment opportunities relat-
ed to aircraft operations and maintenance,
passengerandfreighthandling,air traffic con-
trol and safety, transport and logistics,airport
management, planning and construction, and
various retail and commercial activities to
service passengers, airport visitors and work-
ers.
The number of jobs supported by Shere-
metyevo Airport has grown by 3.3 per cent a
year between 2007 and 2011 to more
than 14,300 jobs which are directly related to
the airport’s operation. This rate of growth is
significantlyhigherthanthe rate of growth for
the host economy (municipalities within a
15km radiusof the airport),and slightlyhigher
than the rate of growth for the metropolitan
area and Moscow as a whole. The airport’s
employment figure is projected to grow to
23,000 by 2033.
Key employment sectors include transport,
postal and warehousing, retail, accommoda-
tion and food services, manufacturing and
wholesale trade.
Driving economic benefits to surrounding
communities
Sheremetyevo Airport’s operations support
almost 10,000 jobs in the host economy. This
is67% of all people working in Sheremetyevo
Airport related roles. In Hume alone, the air-
port directly supports more than one in six
jobs – making it a major source of local em-
ployment.The airportis responsible for 6% of
the host economy Gross State Product (GSP).
The airport and associated businesses offer a
diverse range of employment in outer subur-
ban areas experiencing strong population
growth not typically serviced by diverse busi-
nessand employmentopportunities. Proximi-
ty to Sheremetyevo Airport also influences
investmentdecisionsbybusinessesthatbene-
fitfrombeingclose tobut not actually located
at the airport.
The airport is also an important facilitator of
importsandexports for local businesses. Pas-
sengergrowththrough the airport also stimu-
lates demand for other services in the local
economy, including hospitality. Local resi-
dents,recognise the positive benefits the air-
port provides, including: connecting Shere-
metyevo to other cities (98%); employment
opportunities(87%) andthe role of the airport
as a freight hub (83%).
Driving economic benefits for all Moscowns
In additiontoitsdirectlocal economicbenefit,
Sheremetyevo Airport’s contribution to Mos-
cow’s Gross State Product is approximately

9. 9
$1.47 billion. Sheremetyevo Airport indirectly
supports 43,000 jobs in Moscow.
By 2033 the airport’s contribution to GSP is
forecast to increase to $3.2 billion and sup-
porting up to 72,000 jobs indirectly.
Regional & tourism development
Sheremetyevo Airport’s curfew-free status
ensuresthatSheremetyevo andsouthernAus-
tralia are connected to the world 24 hours a
day.
Approximately, 7.9 million interstate and in-
ternational visitors arrive in Sheremetyevo
each year through Sheremetyevo Airport,
providing an important economic stimulus
throughtourism related activities. These visi-
tors spend nearly $8.3 billion annually in the
Moscown economy – accounting for almost
50% of the total current tourism expenditure
in Moscow.
Each international aircraft landing at Shere-
metyevo Airport contributes nearly $240,000
visitor spending in Moscow.
Curfew-freestatus
The ability of Sheremetyevo Airport to oper-
ate without any capacity constraints and it’s
curfew-freestatusprovidessignificantbenefit
to the local, regional and state economies.
At present the curfew-free status of Shere-
metyevo Airport allows for the movement of
an extra 2 million passengers a year and adds
$590 million to the Moscown economy
throughvisitorspending.By2033, the value of
the curfew-free statuswill increase toanaddi-
tional 5 millionpassengersayear and an addi-
tional $1.3 billion in visitor spending.
Figure 5 Average wind direction of Sheremetyevo
Pollution – Gasses
CROS (Comite Regionaal Overleg Schiphol), an
organizationthatissimilartoInhabitantsSVO,
conducteda studyon difference onthe impact
of the pollution of gasses near an airport and
in the city, on the health of inhabitants. They
placedan air qualitymonitoringfilternear the
airportand one in the cityfor the same period
of time. If the filter near the airport would
have beendarkerthanthe one inthe city, that
would indicate the difference of air quality
nearthe airport.But there wasan unexpected
result: the difference in colour and harmful
substance between the two filters was insig-
nificant. This means that the air quality near
the airport does not differ that much from
the air quality in the city. Besides, the com-
parison with Schiphol is excellent, because it
has approximately the same amount of pas-
sengers that SVO wants to have in the future
(2025).
Pollution – Noise
There are clear guidelines for the maximum
noise that can be produced by an airport and
aircraft inthe neighbourhood inhabited areas
(Appendix IV). Each type of plane, approved
by URSS (CIS), is allowed to make use of the
airport. Although there are restrictions, there
are a lot of night flights (Appendix V). This
may cause a lot of disturb to the sleep of in-

10. 10
habitants of SVO. Fortunately there are some
restrictions for the noise. The city territory is
divided in three zones:
 Zone 1 (furthestzone):Nightnoise
limitedto80 dBA and daynoise to
90 dBA
 Zone 2 (midway):all buildingsmustbe
soundproofed andsame limitsas
zone 1
 Zone 3 (closest): all housing construc-
tion is banned.
It is nice for inhabitants to have all these re-
strictions to protect them from noise disturb-
ance.Unfortunately in the Boeing restrictions
of appendix IV it can be noticed that a lot of
restrictions cannot easily be enforced and
controlled, as can be seen below.
APU OPERATING RESTRICTIONS - NONE
NOISE BUDGET RESTRICTIONS - NONE
NOISE SURCHARGE - NONE
NOISE MONITORING SYSTEM - NONE
FLIGHT TRACK MONITORING SYSTEM – NONE
Specially the missing of a noise monitoring
system is strange and should be changed in
the future. With high growth rates and a fu-
ture passengeramountprospective of over 60
million, it is very important for inhabitants to
monitor the noise amount continuously.
As regards the night flights, there could be a
typical buteasy ‘win-win’-solution. The sepa-
rations between aircraft can be made larger
during the night, since the nights schedule is
not as busy as it is during the day. The longer
distancesare usedto implementa Continuous
DescentApproach. This isthe dark blue line in
Figure 6. The normal approach is figured by
the light blue line. During the day this ap-
proach system would affect the capacity of
the airport,because of the longer separations
between aircraft. The Continuous Descent
Approach contributes to reducing fuel use,
noise and emissions. This kind of approach
consists of flying as a high as possible for as
long time as possible with a low momentum.
This new approach method, which is already
used at Schiphol, lowers the fuel costs for
airlines and the noise and emissions for in-
habitants. The only negative aspect is that it
can be performed only at night when the air-
port is less busy. Furthermore, with the new,
third runway there will be more capacity dur-
ing night to perform this approach method.
Figure 6 Continuous Descent Approach
Waste
There is a clear relation between passenger
amounts and waste amounts at an airport. If
SVO wants to grow it has to implement an
excellentwaste management (Appendix VIII).
Otherwise, the inhabitants will be the victim
of the high passenger amounts at SVO in the
future,because theywill have to face the gar-
bage.
 Collection, transport, treatment and
disposal of waste;
 Control, monitoring and regulation of
the production, collection, transport,
treatment and disposal of waste; and
 Prevention of waste production
through in-process modification, re-
use and recycling.
Water
When rainwater runs off the platform into
drains or local waterways, it can carry pollu-
tants with it that have the potential to dam-
age wildlife or groundwater. The liquids that

11. 11
are usedforthe de-icingprocedure couldhave
the same path: into the rainwater or ground-
water. The mainpotential sourcesof pollution
are:
 Chemical substance that are used for
aircraft, runway and taxiway de-icing
 Cleaning products
 silt, chemicals and fuels from con-
struction activities
 Spillages of fuel on the ground
 Chemicals and oils from aircraft and
vehicle maintenance
 Fire fighting foam
Therefore,itisimportant towards inhabitants
to monitor the quality of the water around
SVO.Regular monitoring of local water cours-
es to assess the health of the aquatic envi-
ronment. Thiscontributestothe health of the
whole region, including the inhabitants of
SVO. Within the framework of sustainability,
that has to be reached to operate inhabitant-
friendly,someothermeasurescouldbe taken.
Minimising pollution risks and encourag-
ing airportthirdparty companiesto minimise
any impacts from their activities could be a
measure. Wherever possible, the contamina-
tion from winter de-icing activity, could be
containedwhere practicable.These measures
cost money but surely pay themselves off,
towards the inhabitants and SVO.
Wild life
Next to the water contamination mentioned
above there is also another impact on wild
life. As well known, especially larger birds
form a threat for aircraft and thus for aviation
security. In most cases aviation security takes
the precedence over the lives of birds. Espe-
cially with the expansion plans and new run-
way there will be a lot more aircraft move-
ments. When aircraft movements increase,
flying birds in the vicinity of the airport have
to decrease,unfortunately. The buildingof the
third runway will of course take away some
nature fromthe neighbourhood of SVO. Since
inhabitants of SVO are mainly fanciers of na-
ture and wildlife,the nature hastobe moved,
but near the airport and in the vicinity of the
inhabitants.
Moscow, the capital of Russia, is also the na-
tion's most populous city. However, simply
because it's an urban center with a large
population does not mean that the city and
the immediate area are devoid of nature and
wildlife. The Moscow region is in a mixed for-
est area, which means that it is rich in flora
and fauna,especially asone movesaway from
the densestareasof the city and into the sub-
urbs and rural areas surrounding the capital.
Area Vegetation
Moscow's positioninthe centerof the country
means that it lies between ecosystems that
exist in Russia's north and south. The city and
its surrounding region fall into a band of
mixed forest approximately 500 kilometers
wide. This means that broad-leaf birch and
other warmer-weather, deciduous trees mix
withthe vegetationof the taiga, including the
northern pine, fir, and spruce trees, which
dominate inthe northuntil the barren tundra.
Willows and larch trees also grow in abun-
dance around Moscow.
Regional Wildlife
Like any large city,the center of Moscow does
not have many large animals, but the Elk Is-
land National Nature Park sits just on the
boundary of the city and its northwestern
suburbs,meaningthatwildlifethrives close to
the capital. More than 200 animal species
make their home in the park, including wild
boar, dappled and roe deer and elk, along
with beavers and otters that live in the area's
waterways. Area birds include partridges,
pheasants and egrets.
The park's AlexeevCopse is also home to 200-
year-old pine trees and spruce trees as old as
170 years. Eighty-five percent of the area is
forested.
Environmental Issues
Moscow's plants and animals depend on a
healthy environment. Naturally, given Mos-
cow's status as a political and economic pow-

12. 12
erhouse, the city's population is growing,
whichmeansa larger population pushing into
the surrounding areas and greater industrial
activity, both of which can have a negative
effect on the environment and the species
that live withinit.However,the governmentis
makingeffortstoprotectitsnatural resources.
Approximately 17,700 hectares of Moscow
territoryenjoyspecial protection, and the city
hopes to increase that amount to 24,800 hec-
tares, or a full 20% of its total area, by the
year 2020.
Increasing public awareness and corporate
responsibility,includinggreenertechnologies,
are encouragingsignsaswell.Still, decreasing
government regulation is a concern, while
growing demand for land and natural re-
sources mean that the future of Moscow's
natural habitats and flora and fauna continue
to be in question.
Positive impact
It is obvious that the expansion of the airport
will bring an important economic impact on
the region for the inhabitants. Inhabitants
couldprofit in various ways of the expansion.
But it is also important to research the nega-
tive, economic impact on the region and for
inhabitants of SVO. There is a two way inter-
action between the airport and the regional
economy. If the airport is doing well, the re-
gional economyprofits. If the regional econo-
my is doing well the airport will grow. The
welfare of the region and the airport have a
very strict relation.
Employment
It is obvious that the expansion of SVO will
alsocontribute positively to the employment
of the region (and not only the region). There
is a clear ratio between passenger amounts
and job creation in the region. Since the pas-
senger numbers are going to grow extremely
at SVO, it can be stated that also the employ-
ment rate in relation to SVO will grow in the
region. York consulting estimates that 1000
direct and 1000 indirect jobs are created per
one million passengers. Translating this to
SVO’s passenger amounts it gives important
numbersforthe employment rates related to
the airport (Figure 8). As can be noticed, an
increase of 85,896 new direct and indirect
jobs will take place over twenty years.
‘Aviation is a key driver of
broader economic prosperi-
ty’
Figure 7 Direct and indirect jobs

13. 13
GDP
As mentioned before, also the GDP of the
region will grow together with the growth of
SVO. Growthof the airport with 1% in passen-
ger movements will lead to 0.17% growth in
the region and growth in the service sector of
0.18%. The passenger amount will grow by
190%, seen from 2011 to 2030. This means
32.3% and 34.2% growth in respectively the
region and the service sector, seen over a
period of nineteen years. These growth rates
meanemploymentandwelfare for the inhab-
itants of the region of SVO. SVO also benefits
from the growth of the region: if the region
grows by 1% the airport generates 2.65%
more passengers.
Connectivity
There isa highprobability that the actual net-
work will be much wider than it is now (Ap-
pendix IX). Although the focus will be on
transfer passengers, according to the master
plan. For the companies in the region that
operate internationallythisenlarges the busi-
nesspossibilities.Thiscausesa better place of
the region in the world and generates em-
ployment for inhabitants.
The inhabitants could benefit from the con-
nectivity also in another way. With a wider
network a lotof leisure destinationsare added
to the actual ones.
Tourism
By havinga largerairportand a largernetwork
it will be easier to attract tourists to Moscow.
This also depends of course on the quality of
the marketing to promote Moscow, because
the city hasa lotto offerto tourists. The small
companies in the city can benefit of the tour-
ism: hotels, restaurants, shops, transport et-
cetera.
Airport city
If SVO will focusonbecominganairportcity,it
could also become an attraction for inhabit-
ants where they can spend their free time.
The airport will then become an attraction on
its own, without the aviation part.
"Along with incorporating a wide variety of
services into passenger terminals, many air-
ports are developing their landside areas as
well."
 Serve as a catalyst and magnet for
landside business development
 Stimulate and facilitate increasing
passenger and cargo traffic
 Create new non-aeronautical revenue
sources, both to compete and to bet-
ter serve the traditional aviation func-
tions
 Setthe standardfor‘goinggreen’ on a
large scale inthe Caribbeanand lower
operating costs for businesses estab-
lished in the area
“We rely on air travel for business
meetings and conferences on al-
most a daily basis. Weneed flights
to be frequent.” –Business man,inhabitant
SVO

14. 14

15. 15
SWOT/Conclusion
The expansion offers a lot of benefits to the
inhabitantsof SVO.These are mainlyeconomic
but alsosocial.Of course when the expansion
of an airport takes place, there are also a lot
of negative points. There are various types of
solutions for these problems (Figure 9). The
most important point for Inhabitants SVO is
that the airportwill keepperiodically in touch
withinhabitantswithmeetings and by inform
ing them. Important, high impact decisions
have to be made together with inhabitants by
involving them and asking their opinion. The
expansioncouldmainlybe markedaspositive,
except the third runway (location). At least
2500 people will lose their actual home. Only
by combining the three impacts positively
sustainability will be reached.
Opportunities (O)
 Foreignknowledge
 Highgrowth of Aviationindustry
 Growth of GDP
 Employment
 Connectivity
 Tourism
 Airportcity
Threats (T)
 Bad passengeramounts
 Waste treatment
 No considerationof inhabitants
 Congestion
 Highnoise levels
 Highpollution
 Highcosts relocationinhabit-
ants
Strengths (S)
 Newhighwaystocome
 Good winddirection
 Good approachand departing
routes
 No badair quality
 Noise limits
 Highinvestmentsforthe region
SO Strategies
1. Betterusage of locationairport
2. Offermore destinations
3. Investthe revenuesof the opportu-
nitiestoenlarge the listof strengths
to remaininhabitantsfriendly
ST Strategies
1. Maintainthe strengthsandalways
involve inhabitantswithmeetings
and presentations.Alwaysconsid-
er them, because theyare inthe
backyardof the airport
Weaknesses (W)
 Little involvementinhabitants
 Highwaysystemonitsmax.ca-
pacity
 Publictransportnotoptimal
 Relocationof a lotof inhabit-
ants
 Noise level
 Poorwaste treatment
 Pollutionof water
 Wildlife
WO Strategies
1. Use foreignexperiencestoinvolve
inhabitants
2. Investininfrastructure together
withthe government
3. Choose otherlocationforthirdrun-
way
4. Use employmentandmoneyto
monitorwaste treatment,water
pollutionandnoise levels
5. Keeprespectingwildlife notwith-
standingthe growthof SVO
6. ContinuousDescentApproach
WT Strategies
1. Periodical meetings
2. Expectbad passengeramounts
3. Choose otherlocationforrun-
way
4. Keepmonitoringall the envi-
ronmental impacts,these are the
mostimportantfor inhabitants
5. ElephantGrass
Figure 8 Confrontation matrix
External
Internal

16. 16
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