This document outlines various hazards found in garment factories, including: - Chemical hazards from dyes, formaldehyde, flame retardants, and nanoparticles that can cause cancer, respiratory issues, and harm reproduction. - Dust hazards from cotton and fabrics that can cause breathing problems. - Ergonomic hazards from lifting heavy materials, bending, standing for long periods, and repetitive motions that can cause musculoskeletal injuries. - Machine hazards like unguarded cutting and sewing machines that can injure workers. - Hazards from acid washing like chemical burns and reproductive harm if precautions aren't followed. - Fire hazards if proper storage and disposal of flammables isn't followed. - Solutions proposed include proper ventilation

1. Hazards in Garments
Factories
Submitted By
Shuvescha De, Roll: 1311006
Amit Saha, Roll: 1311016
Rajan Paul Pantho, Roll: 1311026

2. Contents
Objectives
Treating cloth with dyes and chemicals
Cutting the fabric
Sewing
Finishing the garments

3. Objectives
To identify the reasons behind the haphazard condition in
garments
To sort out probable solutions

4. What Are The Hazards in Garments ?
Ergonomic hazards
Chemical hazards
Machine hazards
Social hazards
Fire

5. Hazards of Dyes
Potassium dichromate and tanning acid can cause
cancer.
Alum and copper sulphate can irritate skin and
cause rashes, allergies, or breathing problems.
Aromatic hydrocarbons, absorbed through the skin
or by breathing the fumes can cause cancer.

6. Hazards of Other Chemicals
Breathing the Formaldehyde fumes harms the nose, throat,
and lungs.
Fire resistant chemicals, such as brominated flame can
harm the reproductive system and cause cancer.
Clothes are treated with nanoparticles which are so tiny that
they can easily pass through skin and into our blood and
internal organs.

7. Keep Chemicals out of The Body
Wearing rubber
gloves
Wearing a mask
Wearing long
sleeves
Washing hands
only with water
and soap.
Using lotion or
cream

8. Hazards from dusty factories
Effects
Inhaling dust from cotton and
other fabrics can cause breathing
problems such as dry, itchy nose,
cough, mucus
Breathing cotton dust day after
day can also cause a more serious
lunge disease called brown lung or
byssinosis.
Preventions
Ask your boss to provide
vacuums to clean your work
area.
Stop smoking and try not to
be around people who are
smoking.

9. Cutting the Fabric
Lifting too heavy rolls of fabric without help can hurt upper body and
back.
Bending over low work tables and reaching for tools can hurt your
back.
Standing all day on a hard floor without padding can hurt legs, feet,
and back.
Cutting chemically treated fabrics exposes workers to dangerous
fumes and dusts.
Powerful cutting tools with no guards can cause severe injury.

10. Sewing
Sitting many hours on
a
hard tool with no
support
harms the back.
Without guards,
machines and broken
needles can injure
hands and other body
parts.
Repeating the same
movements over and
over harms the back,
arms, wrists, and
hands.
Noisy sewing
machines
harm hearing

11. Preventive Measures
Machine guards can protect
workers from getting cut,
stabbed or injured by needles.
Enclose drive shafts and moving
belts and drive shafts to keep
hair, clothing or anything else
away from moving parts.
If noise levels are too high, wear
ear protection

12. Hazards from Acid-Washing
Effects
The bleaches used in acid-
washing can burn your skin and
irritate eyes, nose and throat.
Potassium permanganate bleach
can also cause decreased fertility
for men and women, and liver
and kidney problems.
Prevention
Make sure there is good ventilation.
Wear acid-resistant gloves,
clothing, and face shields.
Wash stations and First Aid must
be nearby.
Pressure your boss to stop using
acid-washing

13. Hazards from Sandblasting
Unsafe sanding and sandblasting expose
workers to sand dust called silica dust.
When silica dust gets in the lungs, it cannot
be breathed out.
Silica dust causes an illness called silicosis.
Silicosis makes breathing difficult and can
cause lung cancer and death. There is no
cure for silicosis

14. Preventions
Enclosed workstations to keep sand from spreading.
Strong vacuum extractors to remove the sand.
Good ventilation to move sand away from workers.
Properly fitting respirator masks. Loose-fitting cloth masks
will not protect workers from inhaling sand.

15. Drying and Pressing
The hot machines and steam can burn workers.
Chemical fumes that come off the heated fabric harm your
throat and lungs.
Standing for hours and pushing down on the press can hurt
your back and muscles.
Working in high heat can exhaust and dehydrate workers.

16. Fire!
Make fire extinguishers available and train workers to use
them.
Store chemicals in closed metal containers.
Dispose of rags used for clean-up in tightly closed metal
garbage cans.

17. Thank You All
Happy Garments