This document contains three past question papers from the B.Pharm Degree Examination in Pharmaceutical Engineering conducted by The Tamil Nadu Dr. M.G.R. Medical University. Each paper has three sections - the first section contains two long answer questions worth 20 marks each, the second section contains seven short note questions worth 5 marks each, and the third section contains ten very short answer questions worth 2 marks each. The questions cover various topics related to pharmaceutical engineering including size reduction techniques, filtration, evaporation, distillation, heat transfer, fluid flow, corrosion and materials of construction.
Thermal oxidation is a process done to grow a layer of oxide on the surface of a silicon wafer at elevated temperatures to form silicon dioxide. Usually, it en- counters instability in oxide growth and results in variation in the oxide thickness formed. This leads to downtime of furnace and wafer scrap. This study focuses on the factors leading to this phenomenon and finding the optimum settings of these factors. The factors that cause instability to oxide thickness were narrowed down to location of wafer in furnace, oxidation time, gas flow rate and temperature. Characterization and optimization were done using Design of Experiments. Full factorial design was implemented using 4 factors and 2 levels, resulting in 16 runs. Data analysis was done using Multiple Regression Analysis in JMP software. Actual versus predicted plot is examined to determine whether the model fit is significant. Adjusted R2 value was obtained at 99.8% or 0.998 indicating that there is very minimal variation of the data not explained by the model and thus confirming that the model is good. From the effect test, the factors were narrowed down from 4 factors to 3 factors. Location factor was found to have no impact. Significant factors that have impact are gas flow rate, oxidation time and temperature. Analyzing the leverage plots and least square mean plots, temperature was found to have the highest impact on oxide thickness. The model was further analyzed using prediction profiler in JMP to find the optimum settings for thermal oxidation process to meet the target oxide thickness of 8000A. Optimum setting for temperature was found to be at 958 C, gas flow rate at low flow rate (H2:6.5 slm and O2:4.5 slm), oxidation time at 280 min and location of wafers at both zone 1 and zone 2.
Thermal oxidation is a process done to grow a layer of oxide on the surface of a silicon wafer at elevated temperatures to form silicon dioxide. Usually, it en- counters instability in oxide growth and results in variation in the oxide thickness formed. This leads to downtime of furnace and wafer scrap. This study focuses on the factors leading to this phenomenon and finding the optimum settings of these factors. The factors that cause instability to oxide thickness were narrowed down to location of wafer in furnace, oxidation time, gas flow rate and temperature. Characterization and optimization were done using Design of Experiments. Full factorial design was implemented using 4 factors and 2 levels, resulting in 16 runs. Data analysis was done using Multiple Regression Analysis in JMP software. Actual versus predicted plot is examined to determine whether the model fit is significant. Adjusted R2 value was obtained at 99.8% or 0.998 indicating that there is very minimal variation of the data not explained by the model and thus confirming that the model is good. From the effect test, the factors were narrowed down from 4 factors to 3 factors. Location factor was found to have no impact. Significant factors that have impact are gas flow rate, oxidation time and temperature. Analyzing the leverage plots and least square mean plots, temperature was found to have the highest impact on oxide thickness. The model was further analyzed using prediction profiler in JMP to find the optimum settings for thermal oxidation process to meet the target oxide thickness of 8000A. Optimum setting for temperature was found to be at 958 C, gas flow rate at low flow rate (H2:6.5 slm and O2:4.5 slm), oxidation time at 280 min and location of wafers at both zone 1 and zone 2.
ONE-STEP PROCESS FOR SOLID OXIDE FUEL CELL FABRICATION chrisrobschu
Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) are electrochemical devices that convert the chemical energy of a fuel to electrical energy. They offer clean, efficient, and reliable power and they can be operated using a variety of fuels. There are two major obstacles for commercializing the SOFC technology: reducing processing cost and increasing operating lifetime. The cost reduction necessary for commercialization of SOFC technology will not be met by optimization alone. Mass production techniques must be developed for SOFCs to be competitive with current power generating devices. The current cost goal of $400 / kW can only be met by improved processing techniques. Hot pressing as was investigated at Boston University as a novel processing technique to fabricate the planar SOFC in a single step. By removing multiple batch processing steps and simplifying the manufacturing process, considerable cost reduction can be achieved over current manufacturing processes. Additionally, the flexibility of hot pressing can improve interfacial contact and functionally grade interfaces to reduce polarization losses. Finally, by optimizing the process, the processing time and cost can be greatly reduced.
Fundamental knowledge related to ceramic processing, sintering, and hot pressing to successfully hot press a single operational SOFC in one step has been developed. Ceramic powder processing for each of the components of an SOFC has been tailored towards this goal. Processing parameters for the electrolyte and cathode were investigated and optimized to attain convergence. Several anode fabrication techniques were investigated and a novel anode structure was developed and refined. Based on these results single SOFC cells were fabricated in one step.
BU_MS_Thesis_Schumacher_Jan2003
Directional solidification in GDC dies through cooling and heating Design in ...AnirudhKumarprajapat
1. Improve production by reducing cycle time through cooling channel.
2. Enhancement of mechanical properties.
3. Validation of Experiment with Simulation.
4. Avoid die soldering.
“Evaluation of Corrosion Properties of Retrogression and Reaged Al 7075 alloy...IJERA Editor
The metal matrix composites offer a spectrum of advantages that are important for their selection and use as structural materials. A few such advantages are high strength, high elastic modulus, high toughness and impact resistance, low sensitivity to changes in temperature or thermal shock, high surface durability, low sensitivity to surface flaws, high electrical and thermal conductivity, minimum exposure to the potential problem of moisture absorption resulting in environmental degradation and improved machinability with conventional metal working equipment. The aim of the present study is to investigate the corrosion properties of Silicon Carbide particles (SiCp) reinforced Aluminum matrix composite after retrogression and re-aging heat treatment. Aluminum 7075 alloy with 0%, 5%, 10% and 15% SiCp were studied.
Top of FormPage 1Question 1.1. (TCO 2) Select any action.docxedwardmarivel
Top of Form
Page 1
Question 1.1. (TCO 2) Select any actions that increase the cash account. Select all that apply: (Points : 3)
payment is received on a receivable
An interest payment on a notes payable is made
A payment due is received from a client
An old machine is sold for cash
Question 2.2. (TCO 2) Which one of the following actions will decrease the operating cycle? (Points : 3)
eliminating all inventory items that are slow sellers
delaying payments to suppliers
paying suppliers faster
increasing the amount of inventory on the shelves
granting customers more time to pay for their credit purchases
Question 3.3. (TCO 2) Assume Green Leaf Nursery anticipated sales of $500 in the first quarter. Accounts receivable at the beginning of the year was $300. Assuming a collection period of 30 days, which is the approximate beginning balance for the second quarter? (Points : 3)
$550
$630
$250
$170
None of the above
Question 4.4. (TCO 2) Which one of the following practices will reduce a firm's collection float? (Points : 3)
utilizing zero-balance accounts
depositing checks weekly rather than daily
requiring all customers pay by check rather than with cash
installing a lockbox system
paying all bills five days sooner
Question 5.5. (TCO 2) Which of the following statements is false? Select all that apply: (Points : 3)
The optimal credit policy minimizes the total cost of granting credit.
Firms should avoid offering credit at all cost.
An increase in a firm's average collection period generally indicates that an increased number of customers are taking advantage of the cash discount.
The costs of the credit application process and the costs expended in the collection process are carrying costs of granting credit.
Character refers to the ability of a firm to meet its credit obligations out its operating cash flows.
Question 6.6. (TCO 2) You place an order for 100 units of inventory Part A at a unit price of $522. The supplier offers terms of 3/25, net 40. How much should you remit if you take the discount? (Points : 3)
$52,200
$50,634
$51,678
None of the above
Question 7.7. (TCO 2) Auto Parts sells 1,600 electric parts per month and then reorders another 1,600 parts. If the relevant carrying cost per electric part is $4 and the fixed order cost is $650, what is the total carrying cost and the restocking cost, respectively? (Points : 3)
$6,400 and $33,800
$3,200 and $33,800
$6,400 and $7,800
$3,200 and $7,800
None of the above
Question 8.8. (TCO 2) Company ABC has expected sales of 75,000 units this year, an ordering cost of $8 per order and carrying costs of $1.20 per unit. What is the EOQ? (Points : 3)
900 units
1000 units
100 units
500 units
None of th ...
ONE-STEP PROCESS FOR SOLID OXIDE FUEL CELL FABRICATION chrisrobschu
Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) are electrochemical devices that convert the chemical energy of a fuel to electrical energy. They offer clean, efficient, and reliable power and they can be operated using a variety of fuels. There are two major obstacles for commercializing the SOFC technology: reducing processing cost and increasing operating lifetime. The cost reduction necessary for commercialization of SOFC technology will not be met by optimization alone. Mass production techniques must be developed for SOFCs to be competitive with current power generating devices. The current cost goal of $400 / kW can only be met by improved processing techniques. Hot pressing as was investigated at Boston University as a novel processing technique to fabricate the planar SOFC in a single step. By removing multiple batch processing steps and simplifying the manufacturing process, considerable cost reduction can be achieved over current manufacturing processes. Additionally, the flexibility of hot pressing can improve interfacial contact and functionally grade interfaces to reduce polarization losses. Finally, by optimizing the process, the processing time and cost can be greatly reduced.
Fundamental knowledge related to ceramic processing, sintering, and hot pressing to successfully hot press a single operational SOFC in one step has been developed. Ceramic powder processing for each of the components of an SOFC has been tailored towards this goal. Processing parameters for the electrolyte and cathode were investigated and optimized to attain convergence. Several anode fabrication techniques were investigated and a novel anode structure was developed and refined. Based on these results single SOFC cells were fabricated in one step.
BU_MS_Thesis_Schumacher_Jan2003
Directional solidification in GDC dies through cooling and heating Design in ...AnirudhKumarprajapat
1. Improve production by reducing cycle time through cooling channel.
2. Enhancement of mechanical properties.
3. Validation of Experiment with Simulation.
4. Avoid die soldering.
“Evaluation of Corrosion Properties of Retrogression and Reaged Al 7075 alloy...IJERA Editor
The metal matrix composites offer a spectrum of advantages that are important for their selection and use as structural materials. A few such advantages are high strength, high elastic modulus, high toughness and impact resistance, low sensitivity to changes in temperature or thermal shock, high surface durability, low sensitivity to surface flaws, high electrical and thermal conductivity, minimum exposure to the potential problem of moisture absorption resulting in environmental degradation and improved machinability with conventional metal working equipment. The aim of the present study is to investigate the corrosion properties of Silicon Carbide particles (SiCp) reinforced Aluminum matrix composite after retrogression and re-aging heat treatment. Aluminum 7075 alloy with 0%, 5%, 10% and 15% SiCp were studied.
Top of FormPage 1Question 1.1. (TCO 2) Select any action.docxedwardmarivel
Top of Form
Page 1
Question 1.1. (TCO 2) Select any actions that increase the cash account. Select all that apply: (Points : 3)
payment is received on a receivable
An interest payment on a notes payable is made
A payment due is received from a client
An old machine is sold for cash
Question 2.2. (TCO 2) Which one of the following actions will decrease the operating cycle? (Points : 3)
eliminating all inventory items that are slow sellers
delaying payments to suppliers
paying suppliers faster
increasing the amount of inventory on the shelves
granting customers more time to pay for their credit purchases
Question 3.3. (TCO 2) Assume Green Leaf Nursery anticipated sales of $500 in the first quarter. Accounts receivable at the beginning of the year was $300. Assuming a collection period of 30 days, which is the approximate beginning balance for the second quarter? (Points : 3)
$550
$630
$250
$170
None of the above
Question 4.4. (TCO 2) Which one of the following practices will reduce a firm's collection float? (Points : 3)
utilizing zero-balance accounts
depositing checks weekly rather than daily
requiring all customers pay by check rather than with cash
installing a lockbox system
paying all bills five days sooner
Question 5.5. (TCO 2) Which of the following statements is false? Select all that apply: (Points : 3)
The optimal credit policy minimizes the total cost of granting credit.
Firms should avoid offering credit at all cost.
An increase in a firm's average collection period generally indicates that an increased number of customers are taking advantage of the cash discount.
The costs of the credit application process and the costs expended in the collection process are carrying costs of granting credit.
Character refers to the ability of a firm to meet its credit obligations out its operating cash flows.
Question 6.6. (TCO 2) You place an order for 100 units of inventory Part A at a unit price of $522. The supplier offers terms of 3/25, net 40. How much should you remit if you take the discount? (Points : 3)
$52,200
$50,634
$51,678
None of the above
Question 7.7. (TCO 2) Auto Parts sells 1,600 electric parts per month and then reorders another 1,600 parts. If the relevant carrying cost per electric part is $4 and the fixed order cost is $650, what is the total carrying cost and the restocking cost, respectively? (Points : 3)
$6,400 and $33,800
$3,200 and $33,800
$6,400 and $7,800
$3,200 and $7,800
None of the above
Question 8.8. (TCO 2) Company ABC has expected sales of 75,000 units this year, an ordering cost of $8 per order and carrying costs of $1.20 per unit. What is the EOQ? (Points : 3)
900 units
1000 units
100 units
500 units
None of th ...
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology:
Ethnobotany in herbal drug evaluation,
Impact of Ethnobotany in traditional medicine,
New development in herbals,
Bio-prospecting tools for drug discovery,
Role of Ethnopharmacology in drug evaluation,
Reverse Pharmacology.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
The Indian economy is classified into different sectors to simplify the analysis and understanding of economic activities. For Class 10, it's essential to grasp the sectors of the Indian economy, understand their characteristics, and recognize their importance. This guide will provide detailed notes on the Sectors of the Indian Economy Class 10, using specific long-tail keywords to enhance comprehension.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptxEduSkills OECD
Andreas Schleicher presents at the OECD webinar ‘Digital devices in schools: detrimental distraction or secret to success?’ on 27 May 2024. The presentation was based on findings from PISA 2022 results and the webinar helped launch the PISA in Focus ‘Managing screen time: How to protect and equip students against distraction’ https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/managing-screen-time_7c225af4-en and the OECD Education Policy Perspective ‘Students, digital devices and success’ can be found here - https://oe.cd/il/5yV
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
This is a presentation by Dada Robert in a Your Skill Boost masterclass organised by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan (EFSS) on Saturday, the 25th and Sunday, the 26th of May 2024.
He discussed the concept of quality improvement, emphasizing its applicability to various aspects of life, including personal, project, and program improvements. He defined quality as doing the right thing at the right time in the right way to achieve the best possible results and discussed the concept of the "gap" between what we know and what we do, and how this gap represents the areas we need to improve. He explained the scientific approach to quality improvement, which involves systematic performance analysis, testing and learning, and implementing change ideas. He also highlighted the importance of client focus and a team approach to quality improvement.
The Art Pastor's Guide to Sabbath | Steve ThomasonSteve Thomason
What is the purpose of the Sabbath Law in the Torah. It is interesting to compare how the context of the law shifts from Exodus to Deuteronomy. Who gets to rest, and why?
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
1. THE TAMIL NADU DR. M.G.R. MEDICAL UNIVERSITY
(LO 2037) MARCH 2019 Sub. Code: 2037
B.PHARM. DEGREE EXAMINATION
PCI Regulation SEMESTER III
PAPER IV PHARMACEUTICAL ENGINEERING
Q.P. Code: 562037
Time: Three hours Maximum: 75 Marks
I. Elaborate on: Answer any TWO questions. (2 x 10 = 20)
1. Describe the construction, working principle, efficiency, merits and demerits of
Fractional distillation.
2. Discuss in detail Ball Mill.
3. Write about the principle, construction, working and application of Freeze dryer.
II. Write notes on: Answer any SEVEN questions. (7 x 5 = 35)
1. Describe various types of iron as material of construction.
2. Cyclone Separator.
3. Factors affecting size reduction.
4. Sigma blade Mixer.
5. Describe with a diagram ‘Venturimeter’.
6. Forced circulation evaporator.
7. Different Sources of heat.
8. Bernoulli’s Theorem.
9. Filter leaf.
III. Short answers on: Answer ALL questions. (10 x 2 = 20)
1. Convection.
2. Heat interchangers.
3. Applications of size separation.
4. Centrifugation.
5. What are the standard for sieves?
6. Advantages of plastics.
7. Filter aids.
8. Define Corrosion.
9. Calandria.
10. Double cone blender.
*******
2. THE TAMIL NADU DR. M.G.R. MEDICAL UNIVERSITY
(LP 2037) SEPTEMBER 2019 Sub. Code: 2037
B.PHARM. DEGREE EXAMINATION
PCI REGULATION SEMESTER III
SECOND YEAR
PAPER IV PHARMACEUTICAL ENGINEERING
Q.P. Code: 562037
Time: Three hours Maximum: 75 Marks
I. Elaborate on: Answer any TWO questions. (2 x 10 = 20)
1. Explain the principle, construction, working, uses, merits and demerits of
Climbing film evaporator.
2. Discuss in detail Filter Press.
3. Explain the theory behind Corrosion. How will you prevent and control
Corrosion?
II. Write notes on: Answer any SEVEN questions. (7 x 5 = 35)
1. Rota meter.
2. Concepts of Boundary layer.
3. Write briefly on mechanism of heat transfer.
4. Propellers.
5. Edge runner mill.
6. Stainless steel as the material of pharmaceutical plant construction.
7. Steam distillation.
8. Materials used for plant construction.
9. Super centrifuge.
III. Short answers on: Answer ALL questions. (10 x 2 = 20)
1. Turbulent Flow.
2. What are the grades of powder?
3. Write any two factors influencing Filtration.
4. Lyophilisation.
5. Homogenization.
6. Define Filter Aids.
7. Centrifugal effect.
8. What is latent heat?
9. Fourier’s Law.
10. Volatility.
*******
3. THE TAMIL NADU DR. M.G.R. MEDICAL UNIVERSITY
[LR 0121] JANUARY 2021 Sub. Code: 2037
(MARCH 2020 EXAM SESSION)
B. PHARMACY DEGREE EXAMINATION
PCI REGULATION SEMESTER III
PAPER IV PHARMACEUTICAL ENGINEERING
Q.P. Code: 562037
Time: Three hours Maximum: 75 Marks
I. Elaborate on: Answer any TWO questions. (2 x 10 = 20)
1. Describe the construction, working, advantages and disadvantages of Fluidized
bed dryer.
2. Explain about details of Steam distillation.
3. Define Corrosion. Explain about type and theories of Corrosion.
II. Write notes on: Answer any SEVEN questions. (7 x 5 = 35)
1. Orifice meter.
2. Hammer mill.
3. Mechanism of conduction.
4. Silversion emulsifier.
5. Filter leaf.
6. Factors in rate of Evaporation.
7. Any one size Separator.
8. Non Perforated basket centrifuge.
9. Factors affecting in materials for plant construction.
III. Short answers on: Answer ALL questions. (10 x 2 = 20)
1. Types of Manometers.
2. Method of size reduction.
3. Define Distillation.
4. Equilibrium Moisture Content.
5. Propellers.
6. Heat exchangers.
7. Define Mixing.
8. Classify Filters.
9. Application of Centrifugation.
10. Classify Ferrous metals.
*******
4. THE TAMIL NADU DR. M.G.R. MEDICAL UNIVERSITY
[BPHARM 0921] SEPTEMBER 2021 Sub. Code: 2037
(SEPTEMBER 2020 EXAM SESSION)
B.PHARM. DEGREE EXAMINATION
PCI Regulation 2017 – SEMESTER III
PAPER IV - PHARMACEUTICAL ENGINEERING
Q.P. Code: 562037
Time: Three hours Maximum: 75 Marks
I. Elaborate on: Answer any TWO questions. (2 x 10 = 20)
1. Describe the mechanism and different modes of Stress applied in size reduction.
Write the principle, construction and working of Fluid energy mill.
2. Explain the Reynolds experiment & Bernoulli’s theorem of fluid flow.
3. Write about the principle, construction, working and application of FBD.
II. Write notes on: Answer any SEVEN questions. (7 x 5 = 35)
1. Cyclone Separator.
2. Mechanism of Filtration.
3. Factors affecting size reduction.
4. Planetary mixer.
5. Multiple effects of Evaporator.
6. Glass as the material of Pharmaceutical plant construction.
7. Different sources of Heat.
8. Explain Raoult’s law of distillation.
9. Basic of Material handling systems.
III. Short answers on: Answer ALL questions. (10 x 2 = 20)
1. Lyophilization.
2. Critical moisture content.
3. Applications of Centrifugation.
4. Fourier’s law.
5. What are the standards for Sieves?
6. Comminution.
7. Filter media.
8. Binary mixture.
9. Calandria.
10. Flash distillation.
*******
5. THE TAMIL NADU DR. M.G.R. MEDICAL UNIVERSITY
[BPHARM 0122] JANUARY 2022 Sub. Code: 2037
(MARCH 2021 EXAM SESSION)
B.PHARMACY DEGREE COURSE (SEMESTER EXAMINATIONS)
PCI Regulation 2017 – SEMESTER III
PAPER IV - PHARMACEUTICAL ENGINEERING
Q.P. Code: 562037
Time: Three hours Maximum: 75 Marks
I. Elaborate on: Answer any TWO questions. (2 x 10 = 20)
1. Define Filtration. Write in detail about Plate and Frame filter press.
2. Explain about separation of mixture of components by fractional distillation using
boiling point composition diagrams.
3. Define Evaporation. Discuss about climbing film evaporator.
II. Write notes on: Answer any SEVEN questions. (7 x 5 = 35)
1. Operational details of Ball mill.
2. Rotary drum filter.
3. Spray dryer.
4. Silverson – Mixer emulsifier.
5. Stainless steel as material of plant construction.
6. Cyclone separator.
7. Orificemeter.
8. Factors influencing corrosion.
9. Rotameter.
III. Short answers on: Answer ALL questions. (10 x 2 = 20)
1. Define Elutriation.
2. Various grades of Powders.
3. Darcy’s law.
4. Give suitable dryers for obtaining:
(i) Granular free flowing solids and (ii) Sticky pastes.
5. Factors affecting Evaporation.
6. Define Rectifying columns.
7. Mechanisms of Solid mixing.
8. Stefen-Boltzmann law.
9. Uses of Plastics.
10. Applications of Distillation.
*******
6. THE TAMIL NADU DR. M.G.R. MEDICAL UNIVERSITY
[BPHARM 0522] MAY 2022 Sub. Code: 2037
(SEPTEMBER 2021 EXAM SESSION)
B.PHARM. DEGREE EXAMINATION
PCI Regulation 2017 – SEMESTER III
PAPER IV - PHARMACEUTICAL ENGINEERING
Q.P. Code: 562037
Time: Three hours Maximum: 75 Marks
I. Elaborate on: Answer any TWO questions. (2 x 10 = 20)
1. Explain the principle, construction, working and applications of orifice meter.
2. Explain principle construction and working of Silverson Emulsifier with neat
Diagram.
3. Explain in brief about types of corrosion and their prevention method.
II. Write notes on: Answer any SEVEN questions. (7 x 5 = 35)
1. Reynolds number
2. Explain in brief about ball mill with diagram.
3. Air separator
4. Explain the principle and working of a heat interchanger with a labeled diagram
5. Explain in brief about multiple effect evaporators and its economy.
6. Differentiate simple distillation with fractional distillation
7. Brief note on drying rate curve with explanation of each phase
8. Briefly explain in detail about drum filter.
9. Factors influencing selection of materials for plant construction
III. Short answers on: Answer ALL questions. (10 x 2 = 20)
1. Applications of size reduction
2. Labeled diagram of cyclone separator
3. Merits and demerits of Radiation method
4. Differentiate between evaporation and distillation
5. Types of fractionating columns
6. Types of dryers
7. Objectives of mixing
8. Factors influencing filtration
9. Applications of centrifugation
10. Advantages of Non-metals in pharmaceutical plant construction
*******
7. THE TAMIL NADU DR. M.G.R. MEDICAL UNIVERSITY
[BPHARM 1022] OCTOBER 2022 Sub. Code: 2037
(MARCH 2022 EXAM SESSION)
B.PHARMACY DEGREE COURSE (SEMESTER EXAMINATIONS)
PCI Regulation 2017 – SEMESTER III
PAPER IV - PHARMACEUTICAL ENGINEERING
Q.P. Code: 562037
Time: Three hours Maximum: 75 Marks
I. Elaborate on: Answer any TWO questions. (2 x 10 = 20)
1. Explain in detail the methods of heat transfer and its applications.
2. Draw the diagram, principle, working and its applications of steam distillation.
3. Define Evaporation and Factors affecting evaporation.
II. Write notes on: Answer any SEVEN questions. (7 x 5 = 35)
1. Discuss the theories of drying.
2. Bernoulli’s Theorem.
3. Forced circulation evaporator.
4. Discuss the theories involved in the fluid flow.
5. Fluidized bed drier.
6. Discuss the theories involved in the corrosion.
7. Write in detail the double cone blender.
8. Principle involved in the Centrifugation.
9. Factors affecting size reduction.
III. Short answers on: Answer ALL questions. (10 x 2 = 20)
1. Manometer.
2. Reynolds number.
3. Stefen-Boltzman law.
4. Equilibrium Moisture Content.
5. Lyophilization.
6. Galvanic cell.
7. Super Centrifuge.
8. Filter Aids
9. Types of corrosion.
10. Types of mixtures.
*******
8. THE TAMIL NADU DR. M.G.R. MEDICAL UNIVERSITY
[B.PHARM 0323] MARCH 2023 Sub. Code: 2037
(SEPTEMBER 2022 EXAM SESSION)
B.PHARMACY DEGREE COURSE (SEMESTER EXAMINATIONS)
PCI Regulation 2017 – SEMESTER III
PAPER IV - PHARMACEUTICAL ENGINEERING
Q.P. Code: 562037
Time: Three hours Maximum: 75 Marks
I. Elaborate on: Answer any TWO questions. (2 x 10 = 20)
1. Discuss in detail Filter Press.
2. Write about the principle, construction, working and application of Fluidized bed
dryer.
3. Explain the laws governing size reduction and Discuss in detail Ball Mill.
II. Write notes on: Answer any SEVEN questions. (7 x 5 = 35)
1. Mechanism of heat transfer.
2. Horizontal tube evaporator.
3. Steam distillation.
4. Factors affecting size reduction.
5. Double cone blender.
6. Bernoulli’s Theorem.
7. Rotometer.
8. Rate of drying curve.
9. Principles of centrifugation.
III. Short answers on: Answer ALL questions. (10 x 2 = 20)
1. Venturimeter.
2. Heat interchanger.
3. Filter aids.
4. Types of corrosion.
5. Reynolds number.
6. Super centrifuge.
7. Calandria.
8. Stephen Boltzmann constant.
9. Global humidity Index.
10.Types of propellers.
*******
