Outline and References HHS 497: Health & Human Services Capstone May 9, 2020 Health and human service professionals face various challenges while delivering services to homeless people. This paper covers the major challenges faced by human service professionals in delivering services to homeless people such as poor coordination between the various service providers, unwillingness of insurance providers to cover homeless people, language and cultural differences, locating the homeless people and developing quality relationships with the clients. 1. Locating homeless people. i. Human service professionals struggle to find the homeless people. ii. This is because they do not have a permanent place to live. iii. They may establish camps in a particular area and move to another place the next day. iv. “Homeless shelters are most often night shelters, where people leave in the morning to do whatever they can manage and return in the evening when the beds in the shelter open up again for sleeping” (Sherraden et al, 2019). 2. Lack of coordination amongst services by various organizations inhibits service delivery to the homeless people. i. Healthcare professionals are likely to coordinate poorly while providing services to homeless people. ii. Just like the general population, homeless people also need help in seeking medical care and counseling services. iii. Some healthcare professionals might not have previous health records of homeless people. iv. The insurance providers might not be willing to help homeless people. 3. Language and cultural differences i. Human service professionals are likely to work with homeless people from diverse cultural backgrounds. ii. They may not understand the language spoken by people from various cultural groups. iii. They may struggle using sign language. iv. “The need to identify how language diversity affects service delivery is driven by the changing demographics of the United States” (Wirth et al, 2019). 4. Establishing quality relationships with the clients. i. Some homeless people might not be welcoming. ii. If they do not have a good personality, it becomes more difficult for human service professions to help them. iii. Human service professions, however, have to identify the most appropriate to relate with the clients. iv. The mental illnesses of homeless people make it difficult for them to relate with other people well. “National estimates are that 20 to 25 % of homeless people are mentally ill” (Greene, 2017). Human service professionals can hire individuals who come from similar cultural backgrounds to homeless people to enhance their level of communication. Since housing is a major problem, human service professionals can push for the establishment of housing programs for homeless people. REFERENCES Greene, R. (2017). Human behavior theory and social work practice. Routledge. Sherraden, M. S., Birkenmaier, J., & Collins, J. M. (2019). Financial Capability for All: Training Human .

1. Outline and References
HHS 497: Health & Human Services Capstone
May 9, 2020
Health and human service professionals face various challenges
while delivering services to homeless people. This paper covers
the major challenges faced by human service professionals in
delivering services to homeless people such as poor
coordination between the various service providers,
unwillingness of insurance providers to cover homeless people,
language and cultural differences, locating the homeless people
and developing quality relationships with the clients.
1. Locating homeless people.
i. Human service professionals struggle to find the homeless
people.
ii. This is because they do not have a permanent place to live.
iii. They may establish camps in a particular area and move to
another place the next day.
iv. “Homeless shelters are most often night shelters, where
people leave in the morning to do whatever they can manage

2. and return in the evening when the beds in the shelter open up
again for sleeping” (Sherraden et al, 2019).
2. Lack of coordination amongst services by various
organizations inhibits service delivery to the homeless people.
i. Healthcare professionals are likely to coordinate poorly while
providing services to homeless people.
ii. Just like the general population, homeless people also need
help in seeking medical care and counseling services.
iii. Some healthcare professionals might not have previous
health records of homeless people.
iv. The insurance providers might not be willing to help
homeless people.
3. Language and cultural differences
i. Human service professionals are likely to work with homeless
people from diverse cultural backgrounds.
ii. They may not understand the language spoken by people
from various cultural groups.
iii. They may struggle using sign language.
iv. “The need to identify how language diversity affects service
delivery is driven by the changing demographics of the United
States” (Wirth et al, 2019).
4. Establishing quality relationships with the clients.
i. Some homeless people might not be welcoming.
ii. If they do not have a good personality, it becomes more
difficult for human service professions to help them.
iii. Human service professions, however, have to identify the
most appropriate to relate with the clients.
iv. The mental illnesses of homeless people make it difficult for
them to relate with other people well. “National estimates are
that 20 to 25 % of homeless people are mentally ill” (Greene,
2017).
Human service professionals can hire individuals who come
from similar cultural backgrounds to homeless people to
enhance their level of communication. Since housing is a major
problem, human service professionals can push for the
establishment of housing programs for homeless people.

3. REFERENCES
Greene, R. (2017). Human behavior theory and social work
practice. Routledge.
Sherraden, M. S., Birkenmaier, J., & Collins, J. M. (2019).
Financial Capability for All: Training Human Service
Professionals to Work with Vulnerable Families. Journal of
Consumer Affairs, 53(3), 869-876.
Wirth, T., Mette, J., Prill, J., Harth, V., & Nienhaus, A. (2019).
Working conditions, mental health, and coping of staff in social
work with refugees and homeless individuals: A scoping review.
Health & social care in the community, 27(4), e257-e269.
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Topic Paper
HHS 497: Health & Human Services Capstone
May 9, 2020
Topic Paper
Major challenges health and human services professionals face
in delivering services to homeless people
The topic selected was the major challenges health and human
services professionals face in delivering services to homeless
people. Housing and homelessness are a persistent topic that

5. must be mitigated by human service professionals. Housing in
the US is very expensive, and this contributes to homelessness.
The issue affects a lot of people in the US. Homelessness causes
behavioral problems, increased violence, substance abuse, and
low self-esteem. Homeless people are; therefore, likely to need
help in multiple services such as counseling, housing, and
financial aid. Human service professionals face various
challenges while working with homeless people.
First of all, human service professionals struggle to identify the
locations of homeless people. This is because they do not live in
a permanent place. They may establish camps in a particular
area and move to another place the next day. “Homeless shelters
are most often night shelters, where people leave in the morning
to do whatever they can manage and return in the evening when
the beds in the shelter open up again for sleeping” (Sherraden et
al, 2019). Human service professionals only work during the
daytime. It is; therefore, difficult to find homeless people
because they return to their places in the evening or at night.
An example of a theoretical perspective that explains the topic
is the systems theory. This theory applies to the topic of
challenges faced by human service professionals because
various interactions in the environment cause them. "Systems
theory in social work is based on the idea that behavior is
influenced by a variety of factors that work together as a
system" (Greene, 2017). The factors that work together include
economic class, the environment, social settings, family, and
friends. These factors may influence how people think and act.
Systems theory provides a complete view of one’s situation in
his/her social environment. It applies to situations in which
various issues are intricately connected. For example, there are
various issues connected to the topic of homelessness and the
seeking of healthcare. “The services needed by homeless people
such as housing, healthcare, and financial aid are provided by
various organizations” (Wirth et al, 2019). Homeless people
might also need counseling services, and this adds to the
number of people required to help them.

6. A lack of coordination amongst services by various
organizations inhibits service delivery to the homeless people.
Healthcare professionals are likely to coordinate poorly while
providing services to homeless people. For example, they might
not have previous health records of homeless people. This is
because it is difficult for them to access healthcare, and they
might not have sought healthcare services previously. The
insurance providers might not be willing to help homeless
people. Lack of healthcare and insurance cover makes it more
difficult to help those who are homeless when they face various
conditions.
Human service professionals are likely to struggle to work with
homeless people due to the potential differences in their
language and culture. The professionals can, however, hire
people from the same cultures as homeless people to help them
in identifying and solving the problems they face. They must
establish positive relationships with homeless people to make
them comfortable sharing information that will help in
diagnosis and treatment. Some homeless people might, however,
have criminal records that make it difficult for human service
professionals to help them.
This project supports what was learned because it covers
various ways in which an issue facing community members
would be resolved. The project also analyzes how one would
interact with community members especially those who are
homeless. It relates to some responsibilities of human service
professionals to the clients such as building client strengths and
responsibilities to the society such as providing services
without discrimination based on one’s culture or race. It also
enables the human service provider to normalize respecting
cultures and beliefs of various people.
Human service professionals can hire individuals who come
from similar cultural backgrounds to homeless people to
enhance their level of communication. Since housing is a major
problem, human service professionals can push for the
establishment of housing programs for homeless people.

7. References
Greene, R. (2017). Human behavior theory and social work
practice. Routledge.
Sherraden, M. S., Birkenmaier, J., & Collins, J. M. (2019).
Financial Capability for All: Training Human Service
Professionals to Work with Vulnerable Families. Journal of
Consumer Affairs, 53(3), 869-876.
Wirth, T., Mette, J., Prill, J., Harth, V., & Nienhaus, A. (2019).
Working conditions, mental health, and coping of staff in social
work with refugees and homeless individuals: A scoping review.
Health & social care in the community, 27(4), e257-e269.