Otto Hahn
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Otto Hahn was a German chemist who discovered radioactive elements and nuclear fission. He enjoyed chemistry as a child and studied it in university, receiving his doctorate for work in organic chemistry. Hahn held positions as a chemistry professor and discovered nuclear fission in 1938 while investigating uranium, for which he received the 1944 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. He made several other contributions in his career and received numerous honors, including the Max Planck Medal and Pour le Mérite.
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Gregor Johann Mendel was a Czech scientist born in 1822 who is considered the founder of genetics. Through experiments breeding pea plants between 1856-1863, Mendel discovered the laws of inheritance and established the concept of dominant and recessive genes. Otto Wichterle was a Czech chemist born in 1913 who invented soft hydrogel contact lenses in 1961 and the synthetic fiber Silon. He overcame challenges during WWII and communist rule to advance biochemistry and bring soft contact lenses to market for the first time. This project highlights contributions of Czech scientists Mendel and Wichterle and is funded by the European Union.
Albert Einstein
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Otto Hahn
- 1. Otto Hahn (8 March 1879 – 28 July 1968)
- 2. Greatest Accomplishment • Discovery of radioactive elements Quote “First we attacked the Russian soldiers with our gases, and then when we saw the poor fellows lying there, dying slowly, we tried to make breathing easier for them by using our own life-saving devices on them.” Otto Hahn
- 3. Personal Life and Family History • Otto enjoyed a sheltered childhood • At 15 he began to take a special interest in chemistry and carried out simple experiments in the laundry room. • His father wanted him to study architecture • Parents • Heinrich Hahn (1845–1922), a prosperous glazier and entrepreneur ("Glasbau Hahn"), and Charlotte Hahn, née Giese (1845–1905). • Brothers • Karl • Heiner • Julius • Wife • Edith Junghans, the daughter of the chairman of Stettin City Council • Married in 1913
- 4. Education • In 1897, begun to study chemistry and mineralogy at the University of Marburg • received his doctorate in Marburg for a dissertation entitled On Bromine Derivates of Isoeugenol, a topic from the field of classical organic chemistry Positions Held • for two years he worked as assistant to his doctoral supervisor, Geheimrat Professor Theodor Zincke
- 5. Awards Recieved • Nobel Prize in Chemistry (1944) • Max Planck Medal (1949) • Pour le Mérite (1952) • Faraday Medal (1956) • Légion d'Honneur (1959) • Enrico Fermi Award (1966) Contributions • Radioactive Recoil • Fajans-Paneth-Hahn Law • Protactinium • Nuclear isomerism • Nuclear fission