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What is OSHAS 18001?What is OSHAS 18001?
• Originally developed in early 1990’s as
BS8800
• Revised in 1999 by BSI to be more
compatible with ISO 14001
• Framework for an effective OH&S-MS
• 17 elements designed in parallel to ISO
14001
• Allows third-party certification/registration
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What OSHAS isWhat OSHAS is notnot
• An international standard like ISO
9001or ISO 14001
• Not prescriptive –no absolute
requirements; very similar to ISO
14001
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OH&S PolicyOH&S Policy
• Clearly states overall OH&S objectives
• Authorised by top management
• Appropriate to nature & scale of OH&S risks
• Documented, implemented, and
maintained
• Communicated to all employees
• Available to interested parties
• Reviewed periodically
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OH&S Policy CommitmentsOH&S Policy Commitments
• Improve health & safety performance*
• Continual improvement
• “at least” comply with current applicable
• OH&S legislation and other requirements
* Performance: measurable results of the OH&S management
system, related to the organization’s control of health and
safety risks, based on its OH&S policy and objectives.
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Hazard Identification, RiskHazard Identification, Risk
Assessment & Risk ControlAssessment & Risk Control
• Conceptually similar to environmental
aspects and impacts –target of
management program(s)
• Much more detailed than 14001 approach
• Assessment must address:
– routine and non-routine activities
– all personnel, including contractors and visitors
– facilities at the workplace, whether provided by
the organization or by others
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Hazard Identification, RiskHazard Identification, Risk
Assessment & Risk ControlAssessment & Risk Control
• Methodology must be proactive
– in advance of process/equipment changes
– allow engineering of hazard controls during
design
– implementation of controls as change occurs
• Success requires strong Management of
Change (MOC) procedure
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Hazard Identification, RiskHazard Identification, Risk
Assessment & Risk ControlAssessment & Risk Control
• Process overview
– identification of hazards
– evaluation of risks under current controls
– evaluation of the tolerability of residual risk
– identification of needed additional controls
• People are involved
– significant risks must be controlled
– individual behaviour is a significant factor
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Implementation & OperationImplementation & Operation
• Structure and responsibilities
• Training awareness and competence
• Consultation and communication
• Documentation
• Document and data control
• Operational control
• Emergency preparedness and response
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Structure & ResponsibilitiesStructure & Responsibilities
• Documented roles, responsibilities,
authorities, and accountability
• Management appointee responsible for
implementation
• Resources
• Managers must demonstrate commitment
to continual improvement
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Training, Awareness &Training, Awareness &
CompetenceCompetence
• Ensure employee awareness and
competence
• Take into account differing levels of:
– Responsibility
– Ability
– Literacy
– Risk
• Much of required training driven by
regulation
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Consultation & CommunicationConsultation & Communication
• More internally focused than ISO 14001
• Employee involvement and consultation
– in development/review of policies and
procedures
– about changes that affect workplace safety or
health
– ensuring representation in OH&S matters
• Buy-in, ownership, motivation
• Insights of shop floor perspective
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Documentation & DataDocumentation & Data
• Documentation of core elements
– aids employee awareness
– shows how the various system relate
– extremely valuable during certification process
• Document and data control procedures
– critical documents are available
– obsolete documents and data are removed
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Operational ControlOperational Control
• Identify operations and activities where risk
requires further control
• Plan these to ensure that
– documented procedures are developed
– operating criteria specify key steps and
requirements
– procedures addressing risks related to contractor
goods and services
– establish design procedures to reduce/eliminate
source of risks
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Emergency Preparedness &Emergency Preparedness &
ResponseResponse
• Emergency response procedures to
address
– identifying potential for incidents and
emergencies
– preventing and mitigating resultant illnesses and
injuries
– responding to incidents and emergencies when
they occur.
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Checking & Corrective ActionChecking & Corrective Action
• Performance measurement and monitoring
• Accidents, incidents, non-conformances
and corrective and preventive action
• Records and records management
• OH&S management system audit
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Performance Measurement &Performance Measurement &
MonitoringMonitoring
• Monitoring the achievement of objectives
• Quantitative and qualitative measures
• Proactive and reactive methods
• Records to facilitate corrective and
preventive actions
• Calibration of monitoring equipment
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Quantitative & QualitativeQuantitative & Qualitative
• Direct Quantitative Measures
– number of lost work days following an injury
– decibel levels of noise in a work area
• Indirect Qualitative Measures
– review of inspection logs
– observation of a task
– interviews
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Proactive & Reactive MeasuresProactive & Reactive Measures
• Proactive monitoring of compliance
– routine basis, independent of any event
– monitoring may be required by regulations
• daily equipment checks
• periodic review of hot-work permits
• Reactive monitoring of accidents or incidents
– in response to an event or trigger
• accident investigation
• monitoring in response to a complaint
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Accident, Incidents, Non-conformances
& Corrective and Preventive Action
• Handle, investigate, mitigate
– Accidents
– Incidents
– non-conformances
• Corrective and preventive actions
• Review action plans through risk assessment
process
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Accident, Incidents & Non-
conformances
• Handle = immediate action
– Notification
– emergency response
– recordkeeping to facilitate investigation
• Investigation process
– team and procedures
– root cause analysis
• People are involved
– human elements
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Corrective and Preventive Action
• Correct immediate problem
• Mitigate consequences
• Eliminate or control root cause
• Prevent recurrence
• Review action plans through risk assessment
process
• Communicate results and monitor
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Records & Record Management
• Identification, maintenance, and disposition
• Records must be:
– Legible
– Identifiable
– traceable to the activities involved
– easily retrievable
– protected from damage, deterioration, or loss
– held for specified and documented retention times
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OH&S Management System Audit
• Determine if OH&S-MS:
– conforms with planned arrangements
– is properly implemented and maintained
– is effective in meeting policy and objectives
• Results provided to top management
• Audit program and schedule reflect risks
and previous audit results
