OSH AccidentREVISED for OSH Parctitioners guide

1. Learning Objectives
 To define what is incident
 To explain the causes of incident &
role
of management control
 To explain 3 theory on accident
causation
 To list the cost involved in an incident
1

2. Scope
 Principles of loss prevention
 Causes of incidents
 Incidents and productivity
 Approach to loss prevention
2

3. Principles of
Incident Prevention
1. Incident prevention is good
management
2. Management and workers must fully
cooperate
3. Top management must lead
3

4. 4. There must be an OSH policy
5. Must have organisation and
resources to implement the OSH policy
6. Best available information and
technology must be applied
4
Principles of
Incident Prevention

5. What Is An Incident?
 An incident is:
◦ An unexpected, unplanned event in a sequence
of events
◦ That occurs through a combination of causes
◦ Which result in:
 Physical harm (injury, ill-health or disease) to an
individual,
 Damage to property,
 A near-miss,
 Any combination of these effects.
5

6.  Legal
 Human Rights
 Business
6
Why Prevent Incidents?

7. Causes Of Incidents
7

8. Types of Incidents
 Cause immediate injury or damage to
equipment or property:
◦ A forklift dropping a load
◦ Someone falling off a ladder
 That occur over an extended period:
◦ Hearing loss
◦ Illness resulting from exposure to chemicals
8

9. Early Theory Of Accidents
(Heinrich (1930's))
9
Ancestry/social
environment
Fault of a
person
Unsafe
act/condition
Accident
Injury

10. Heinrich’s
Five Stage Sequence
10
Ancestry/social
environment
Fault of a
person
Unsafe
act/condition
Accident
Injury
Skill Solutions Sdn
Bhd

11. Accident Causation Model
(1974)
11

12. The Three Basic Causes of
Accidents
12
Poor Management Safety Policy &
Decisions
Personal Factors
Environmental Factors
Unplanned Incidence

 
Unsafe
Condition
Unsafe Act
Direct Causes
Indirect causes
Three Basic Causes Of Accident
ACCIDENT
Personal Injury,
Property Damage
Basic Causes

13. Lack of Management Control
 Management responsible for:
◦ Selection of workers
◦ Machinery and equipment
◦ System of work
◦ Information and training
◦ Supervision, etc
 The accident prone worker is a false
approach. It is like blaming the victim
instead of the perpetrator.
13

14. Multiple Cause Of Accidents
Compatible with Loss Causation Theory.
14
Cause A
(Poor lighting)
Cause B
(Not look where going)
Cause C
(Wood in walkway)
Accident
(Trip)

15. Fall From a Defective Ladder
◦Why was the defective ladder not
found during normal inspection?
◦Why did the supervisor allow its
use?
◦Didn't the injured employee know it
should not be used?
15