In this paper, we consider the second order nonlinear neutral delay difference equations of the form We establish sufficient conditions which ensures that every solution of is either oscillatory or tends to zero as . We also gives examples to illustrate our results
Oscillation of Solutions to Neutral Delay and Advanced Difference Equations w...inventionjournals
In this article we give infinite-sum conditions for the oscillation of all solutions of the following first order neutral delay and advanced difference equations with positive and negative coefficientsof the forms and where is a sequence of nonnegative real numbers, and are sequences of positive real numbers, and are positive integers. We derived sufficient conditions for oscillation of all solutions of and . AMS Subject Classification 2010: 39A10, 39A12
Oscillation of Solutions to Neutral Delay and Advanced Difference Equations w...inventionjournals
In this article we give infinite-sum conditions for the oscillation of all solutions of the following first order neutral delay and advanced difference equations with positive and negative coefficientsof the forms and where is a sequence of nonnegative real numbers, and are sequences of positive real numbers, and are positive integers. We derived sufficient conditions for oscillation of all solutions of and . AMS Subject Classification 2010: 39A10, 39A12
Oscillation Criteria for First Order Nonlinear Neutral Delay Difference Equat...inventionjournals
We discuss the oscillatory behavior of all solutions of first order nonlinear neutral delay difference equations with variable coefficients of the form where are sequences of positive real numbers, and are sequences of nonnegative real numbers, and are positive integers. Our proved results extend and develop some of the well-known results in the literature. Examples are inserted to demonstrate the confirmation of our new results
New Oscillation Criteria for Second Order Neutral Difference Equationsinventionjournals
In this paper, we discuss the oscillatory properties of a class of second order neutral difference equation relating oscillation of these equation to existence of positive solutions to associated first order neutral difference inequalities. Our assumptions allow application to difference equations with delayed and advanced arguments, and not only. Examples are given to illustrate our results
International Journal of Mathematics and Statistics Invention (IJMSI)inventionjournals
International Journal of Mathematics and Statistics Invention (IJMSI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of computer science and electronics. IJMSI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Mathematics and Statistics, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
Oscillation of Solutions to Neutral Delay and Advanced Difference Equations w...inventionjournals
In this article we give infinite-sum conditions for the oscillation of all solutions of the following first order neutral delay and advanced difference equations with positive and negative coefficientsof the forms and where is a sequence of nonnegative real numbers, and are sequences of positive real numbers, and are positive integers. We derived sufficient conditions for oscillation of all solutions of and . AMS Subject Classification 2010: 39A10, 39A12
Oscillation of Solutions to Neutral Delay and Advanced Difference Equations w...inventionjournals
In this article we give infinite-sum conditions for the oscillation of all solutions of the following first order neutral delay and advanced difference equations with positive and negative coefficientsof the forms and where is a sequence of nonnegative real numbers, and are sequences of positive real numbers, and are positive integers. We derived sufficient conditions for oscillation of all solutions of and . AMS Subject Classification 2010: 39A10, 39A12
Oscillation Criteria for First Order Nonlinear Neutral Delay Difference Equat...inventionjournals
We discuss the oscillatory behavior of all solutions of first order nonlinear neutral delay difference equations with variable coefficients of the form where are sequences of positive real numbers, and are sequences of nonnegative real numbers, and are positive integers. Our proved results extend and develop some of the well-known results in the literature. Examples are inserted to demonstrate the confirmation of our new results
New Oscillation Criteria for Second Order Neutral Difference Equationsinventionjournals
In this paper, we discuss the oscillatory properties of a class of second order neutral difference equation relating oscillation of these equation to existence of positive solutions to associated first order neutral difference inequalities. Our assumptions allow application to difference equations with delayed and advanced arguments, and not only. Examples are given to illustrate our results
International Journal of Mathematics and Statistics Invention (IJMSI)inventionjournals
International Journal of Mathematics and Statistics Invention (IJMSI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of computer science and electronics. IJMSI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Mathematics and Statistics, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
Nuclear Decay - A Mathematical PerspectiveErik Faust
Radioactivity as a phenomenon is often misunderstood: if one says ‘Radioactive’, most people will think about disastrous electrical plants, dangerous bombs and other forms of life-threatening details. In my native Germany, members of the Green party have been campaigning for a decade to put an end to nuclear energy. Only few think of the useful aspects of this unique actuality, although radiotherapy is most promising of tools in the fight against cancer, and radioactive dating allows us to identify the age of any historical item. But even fewer people see radioactivity as the natural process that it actually is: A spontaneous mechanism, in which one nucleus decays into another. As an aspiring Physicist and Engineer, Radioactivity is one my favourite topics in the realm of science. I am fascinated at how we are able to predict exactly how many Nuclei will decay in a certain amount of time, but not say for certain which Nuclei exactly will do so.
In tis slide, an introduction to string theory has been given. Apart from that, a simple proof of 26 dimensions of bosonic string theory is given (following Zwiebach's approach).
I explained this presentation in two parts (on my YouTube channel). Here are the links
_______________________________________________
Part 1
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QQA4JQ6Y-eo&list=PLDpqC3uXLZGl0cDod6g30PcjeJ4DAZWhp
_______________________________________________
Part 2
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vhLCtLn79jE&list=PLDpqC3uXLZGl0cDod6g30PcjeJ4DAZWhp&index=2
_______________________________________________
A Minimum Spanning Tree Approach of Solving a Transportation Probleminventionjournals
: This work centered on the transportation problem in the shipment of cable troughs for an underground cable installation from three supply ends to four locations at a construction site where they are needed; in which case, we sought to minimize the cost of shipment. The problem was modeled into a bipartite network representation and solved using the Kruskal method of minimum spanning tree; after which the solution was confirmed with TORA Optimization software version 2.00. The result showed that the cost obtained in shipping the cable troughs under the application of the method, which was AED 2,022,000 (in the United Arab Emirate Dollar), was more effective than that obtained from mere heuristics when compared
Job Failure Analysis in Mainframes Production Supportinventionjournals
A major part of batch processing on mainframe computers consists of several thousand batch jobs which run every day. This network of jobs runs every day to update day-to-day transaction. There are frequent failures which can cause a high delay in the batch and also degrade the performance & efficiency of the application. Permanent solution can be done to frequently occurring job failures to avoid the delay in batch and to improve performance & efficiency of the application. In this paper, we have analyzed the frequently occurring batch job failure recorded in Know Error Databases (KEBD) for past one year based on different categories. Frequently failed jobs obtained are categorized based on application, failure-type, job-runs and the resolution. Different results are obtained in the weka tool based on the different categories. From the various results obtained it can be concluded that the frequent failures are occurring in MSD application. On further analysis on this frequently failed jobs showed that data and network issue are causing the major job failures in which most of the jobs were daily processing jobs. In order to fix the failure the jobs was resolved by restarting the job from the overrides or by restarting the job from the top
A one parameter Poisson-Mishra distribution has been obtained by compounding Poisson distribution with Mishra distribution of B.K.Sah(2015). The first four moments about origin have been obtained. The maximum likelihood method and the method of moments have been discussed for estimating its parameter. The distribution has been fitted to some data-sets to test its goodness of fit. It has been found that this distribution gives better fit to all the discrete data sets which are used by Sankaran (1970) and others to test goodness of fit of Poisson-Lindley distribution.
Equation of everything i.e. Quantum Fields: the Real Building Blocks of the U...inventionjournals
Mind, the inner most box of nature has not been investigated by modern physicists .Mind has not been incorporated in Standard model. Mind can only be studied by participatory science. Having searched Basic building blocks of the universe i.e. mass part of reality, we have also investigated mind part of reality and finally two fundamental particles with mind and mass realities are hypothesized . Now we discuss how to further investigate mind so as to know their structures and functions. Atomic genetics is the branch of science where we investigate about fundamental interactions of the universe i.e. atomic transcription and translations. New words have been coined to understand hidden science of mind part of reality. Mind reality have been recognized as different faces by “I” about 5000 years back to Arjuna in Mahabharata. It is just like to understand any language through Alphabets. These are (different faces) Alphabets of mind reality. One Mind reality has one face identity and the second mind reality has second face identity and so on. The facial expression represents phenomenon of intelligence and different face represents different types of properties carrying property. The open eyes means property is activated while close eye means property is inactivated. In spite of carrying properties conscious ness they also know how to conduct not only origin of universe but also how to create two different universe i.e. next creation could be different from this creation. In all, It is automatic system of the universe. The mind realities which are of good properties have devtas face identity (first five faces on both side and those mind realities which are of bad properties have demons face identity ( last four faces on both side) . These are named as code PCPs or messenger atomic genes. The central face is CCP or Thought script where all thoughts of the universe are banked. It is bank of data of all information s of the universe It is face identity of Anti mind particles as data of all information’s of the universe are stored as anti mind particles . It is the Time mind ness (biological clock) that keeps on expressing different thoughts from this thought script (CCP). There are four more faces (black bodies) shown on extreme left and right floating in fire are CPs (translating Atomic genes). That translates the messages and realizes it and reacts accordingly. Rest pictures are creation of different individuals and nature (sun, moon and snake and other pictures made on hands and body) by different thoughts of Almighty B.B.B. The entire picture has been explained in Geeta in 11/ 10 and 11.Whatever is being created in this universe is basically not by our thoughts rather it is the thought of Almighty B.B.B (Yang B.B.B or matter B.B.B. or Male B.B.B working as Highest center of the universe. ) that is dominated over creation and destruction of this cycle of the universe. Hence the World of Everyday Experience, in One Equation is Myth.
Nuclear Decay - A Mathematical PerspectiveErik Faust
Radioactivity as a phenomenon is often misunderstood: if one says ‘Radioactive’, most people will think about disastrous electrical plants, dangerous bombs and other forms of life-threatening details. In my native Germany, members of the Green party have been campaigning for a decade to put an end to nuclear energy. Only few think of the useful aspects of this unique actuality, although radiotherapy is most promising of tools in the fight against cancer, and radioactive dating allows us to identify the age of any historical item. But even fewer people see radioactivity as the natural process that it actually is: A spontaneous mechanism, in which one nucleus decays into another. As an aspiring Physicist and Engineer, Radioactivity is one my favourite topics in the realm of science. I am fascinated at how we are able to predict exactly how many Nuclei will decay in a certain amount of time, but not say for certain which Nuclei exactly will do so.
In tis slide, an introduction to string theory has been given. Apart from that, a simple proof of 26 dimensions of bosonic string theory is given (following Zwiebach's approach).
I explained this presentation in two parts (on my YouTube channel). Here are the links
_______________________________________________
Part 1
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QQA4JQ6Y-eo&list=PLDpqC3uXLZGl0cDod6g30PcjeJ4DAZWhp
_______________________________________________
Part 2
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vhLCtLn79jE&list=PLDpqC3uXLZGl0cDod6g30PcjeJ4DAZWhp&index=2
_______________________________________________
A Minimum Spanning Tree Approach of Solving a Transportation Probleminventionjournals
: This work centered on the transportation problem in the shipment of cable troughs for an underground cable installation from three supply ends to four locations at a construction site where they are needed; in which case, we sought to minimize the cost of shipment. The problem was modeled into a bipartite network representation and solved using the Kruskal method of minimum spanning tree; after which the solution was confirmed with TORA Optimization software version 2.00. The result showed that the cost obtained in shipping the cable troughs under the application of the method, which was AED 2,022,000 (in the United Arab Emirate Dollar), was more effective than that obtained from mere heuristics when compared
Job Failure Analysis in Mainframes Production Supportinventionjournals
A major part of batch processing on mainframe computers consists of several thousand batch jobs which run every day. This network of jobs runs every day to update day-to-day transaction. There are frequent failures which can cause a high delay in the batch and also degrade the performance & efficiency of the application. Permanent solution can be done to frequently occurring job failures to avoid the delay in batch and to improve performance & efficiency of the application. In this paper, we have analyzed the frequently occurring batch job failure recorded in Know Error Databases (KEBD) for past one year based on different categories. Frequently failed jobs obtained are categorized based on application, failure-type, job-runs and the resolution. Different results are obtained in the weka tool based on the different categories. From the various results obtained it can be concluded that the frequent failures are occurring in MSD application. On further analysis on this frequently failed jobs showed that data and network issue are causing the major job failures in which most of the jobs were daily processing jobs. In order to fix the failure the jobs was resolved by restarting the job from the overrides or by restarting the job from the top
A one parameter Poisson-Mishra distribution has been obtained by compounding Poisson distribution with Mishra distribution of B.K.Sah(2015). The first four moments about origin have been obtained. The maximum likelihood method and the method of moments have been discussed for estimating its parameter. The distribution has been fitted to some data-sets to test its goodness of fit. It has been found that this distribution gives better fit to all the discrete data sets which are used by Sankaran (1970) and others to test goodness of fit of Poisson-Lindley distribution.
Equation of everything i.e. Quantum Fields: the Real Building Blocks of the U...inventionjournals
Mind, the inner most box of nature has not been investigated by modern physicists .Mind has not been incorporated in Standard model. Mind can only be studied by participatory science. Having searched Basic building blocks of the universe i.e. mass part of reality, we have also investigated mind part of reality and finally two fundamental particles with mind and mass realities are hypothesized . Now we discuss how to further investigate mind so as to know their structures and functions. Atomic genetics is the branch of science where we investigate about fundamental interactions of the universe i.e. atomic transcription and translations. New words have been coined to understand hidden science of mind part of reality. Mind reality have been recognized as different faces by “I” about 5000 years back to Arjuna in Mahabharata. It is just like to understand any language through Alphabets. These are (different faces) Alphabets of mind reality. One Mind reality has one face identity and the second mind reality has second face identity and so on. The facial expression represents phenomenon of intelligence and different face represents different types of properties carrying property. The open eyes means property is activated while close eye means property is inactivated. In spite of carrying properties conscious ness they also know how to conduct not only origin of universe but also how to create two different universe i.e. next creation could be different from this creation. In all, It is automatic system of the universe. The mind realities which are of good properties have devtas face identity (first five faces on both side and those mind realities which are of bad properties have demons face identity ( last four faces on both side) . These are named as code PCPs or messenger atomic genes. The central face is CCP or Thought script where all thoughts of the universe are banked. It is bank of data of all information s of the universe It is face identity of Anti mind particles as data of all information’s of the universe are stored as anti mind particles . It is the Time mind ness (biological clock) that keeps on expressing different thoughts from this thought script (CCP). There are four more faces (black bodies) shown on extreme left and right floating in fire are CPs (translating Atomic genes). That translates the messages and realizes it and reacts accordingly. Rest pictures are creation of different individuals and nature (sun, moon and snake and other pictures made on hands and body) by different thoughts of Almighty B.B.B. The entire picture has been explained in Geeta in 11/ 10 and 11.Whatever is being created in this universe is basically not by our thoughts rather it is the thought of Almighty B.B.B (Yang B.B.B or matter B.B.B. or Male B.B.B working as Highest center of the universe. ) that is dominated over creation and destruction of this cycle of the universe. Hence the World of Everyday Experience, in One Equation is Myth.
Oil Shale Ex-Situ Process - Leaching Study of Spent Shaleinventionjournals
During the past decade, significant advancement has been made on various extraction technologies to develop U.S. oil shale resources in an environmentally and economically sustainable fashion. This work has been driven by the increasing demand for domestic transportation fuels and the need to improve U.S. energy security. Although conventional hydrocarbon deposits are becoming more difficult to find and limited in volume, unconventional reserves are relatively easy to locate and plentiful. Hence, development of unconventional resources, particularly shale gas, oil sands, and shale oil continues to receive tremendous attention. The present work shows ex-situ process of oil shale in a five ton/day externally heated horizontal rotary reactor, and discuss the process parameters and yield. The main focus of this article is: A) Effect of reactor bed temperature, rotation speed and feed rate on the residence time, fuel consumption and process yield B) Hazardous environmental issue related to leaching of heavy metals and metalloids from spent shale by underground and/or surface water, which prevent further commercialization of this process. In addition, an Aspen diagram of the overall oil shale process is presented as ongoing work focusing on key mechanical issues that affect online reliability and process efficiency including particle size, bed temperature and solid/gas mixing efficiency.
Numerical Simulation of Flow in a Solid Rocket Motor: Combustion Coupled Pres...inventionjournals
Acomputational study is performed for the simulation of reactive fluid flow in a solid rocket motor chamber with pressure dependent propellant burning surface regression. The model geometry consists of a 2D end burning lab-scale motor. Complete conservation equations of mass, momentum, energy and species are solved with finite rate chemistry. The pressure dependent regressive boundary in the combustion chamber is treated by use of remeshing techniques. Hydrogen and propane combustion processes are examined. Time dependent pressure and burning rate variations are illustrated comprehensively. Temperature and species mass fraction variations are given within the flame zone. Temperature, velocity and density distributions are compared for both constant burning rate and pressure dependent burning rate simulations.
Shigellosis and Socio-Demography of hospitalized Patients in Kano, North-West...inventionjournals
Aim: The aim of the study was to determine the prevalent of Shigellosis in relation to socio-demographic characteristics of hospitalized patients in Kano metropolis. Study design: The study is a descriptive cross-sectional study. Place and duration of study: One milliliter of venous blood was collected from each patient with some or all clinical features of Shigellosis that sign a consent form and transfer into EDTA bottles. If daily is unavoidable blood samples were stored at 4 0C. Samples were analyzed at the both laboratories of the authors. This work was carried out between May, 2012 and March, 2014. Methodology: The blood specimens were cultured in thioglycollate broth and sub-cultured onto deoxycholate citrate agar (DCA), Salmonella-Shigella agar (SSA) and brilliant Green agar (BGA) followed by confirmation of presumptive colonies using different biochemical tests and analytical profile index 20E. Serologic identification of Shigella was performed by slide agglutination test using polyvalent O and H Shigella antisera. Results: Although, the relationship between different age groups was not significantly associated (P < 0.05), patients under age bracket of 21-30 years were found to be more susceptible to Shigella infections with 13 representing 2.6% followed in that order by 11-20 years (6), , ≤10 -years (4) 31-40 years (3) and >40 years (2) age groups, representing 1.2%, 0.8%, 0.6% and 0.4% respectively. The frequency of shigellosis was highest in other patients (without occupation), patients with informal level of education, using tap water as sources of drinking water, with more than one of all clinical manifestations of Salmonella infections and patients on treatment. However, there was a significant difference between the rate of Salmonella infections and sociodemographic characteristics of patients studied (p<0.05).> 0.05) in males than the females’ patients. However, Shigella flexneri was the most common among patients followed by Shigella dysenteriae, Shigella boydii and Shigella sonnei in decreasing order. The frequency of shigellosis was highest in other patients (without occupation), patients with informal level of education, using tap water as sources of drinking water, with more than one of all clinical manifestations of Salmonella infections and patients on treatment.
Should Astigmatism be Corrected until the Age of Three? Results of a Six-year...inventionjournals
The state of refraction in young children is important to be examined in order to prevent different eye diseases (amblyopia, strabismus, hordeolosis, blepharitis etc.). Part of these diseases may interfere with the normal development of a child, as well as they may affect the process of socialization. AIM: The aim of this study is to determine and follow-up aspheric refraction dynamics in children up to age three. Patients and Methods: The study covers 324 children (648 eyes) from Sofia city and Sofia district (Bulgaria), aged between 6 and 12 months at their first visit and refraction examination. 159 of them are girls (318 eyes) and 165- boys (330 eyes). The children are followed up in time. They are grouped in four age groups and divided by gender. The methods used are: photorefractometry with PlusoptiX S04; cycloplegia, retinoscopy and optical correction if needed; statistics. Results: Astigmatism changes with age (towards reducing); Diopters of astigmatism are most decreased in age between 12 and 18 months; There is no statistically significant difference in aspheric refraction between genders. Conclusion: PlusoptiX S04 photorefractometer is operational for children aged at least 5 months. This is a quite accurate method for determining the aspheric refraction in children without cycloplegia. It allows us to state that astigmatism reduces considerably with age
Corelation between Central Corneal Thicknes, Gender and Age in Bulgarian Chil...inventionjournals
Introduction: The rapid growth and development suggest dynamics in various biometric indicators. Knowing the laws in their changes, as well as their relationship to and impact of other factors contribute to a thorough, fast and accurate interpretation during the diagnostic and treatment process Purpose: Determination of the statistically significant link between the biometric indicator central corneal thickness, gender and age in Bulgarian children. Material and Methods: The research covers 248 patients / 496 eyes / divided into four age groups: first / 0 to 1 years old / 70 children / 140 eyes / -32 girls and 38 boys; second / 1 to 3 years old / - 57 children / 114 eyes / - 31 girls and 26 boys; third / 3 to 7 years old / - 81 children / 162 eyes / - 40 girls and 41 boys; fourth / 7 to 15 years old / - 40 children / 80 eyes / -18 girls and 22 boys. The examinations were conducted for a period of 24 months with Ultrasonic pachimetry with PacScan300AP. Results: First group - test of Mann-Whitney/U = 1543, p = 0.694> 0.05/, no statistically significant difference between the average levels of CCT between genders. Second group - test of Mann-Whitney/U = 3001.5, p = 0.35 > 0.05/, no statistically significant difference between the average levels of CCT between genders. Third group - test of Mann-Whitney/U = 1543, p = 0.694 > 0.05/, no statistically significant difference between the average levels of CCT between genders. Fourth group - Independent Samples Test /t = 0.571, p = 0.571> 0.05/, no statistically significant difference between the average levels of CCT between genders. Kruscal-Wallis test shows that there is a statistically significant increase with increasing age in bought gender: Boys /X2 = 24.02, p<0.001 /><0.001/. Discussion: In the four groups of the study was not found statistically significant link between average central corneal thickness and gender. A correlation was found between central corneal thickness and age of the patients. CCT indicator in Bulgarian children increases from the age of six months to fifteen years.
The Krylov-TPWL Method of Accelerating Reservoir Numerical Simulationinventionjournals
Because of the large number of system unknowns, reservoir simulation of realistic reservoir can be computationally demanding. Model order reduction (MOR) technique represents a promising approach for accelerating the simulations. In this work, we focus on the application of a MOR technique called Krylov trajectory piecewise-linear (Krylov-TPWL). First, the nonlinear system is represented as a weighted combined piecewise linear system using TPWL method, and then reducing order of each linear model using Krylov subspace. We apply Krylov-TPWL method for a two-phase (oil-water) reservoir model which is solved by full implicit. The example demonstrates that which can greatly reduce the dimension of reservoir model, so as to reduce the calculation time and improve the operation speed.
Studies on Mortars and Concretes with Pozzolonic Admixtureinventionjournals
Due to the steep increase in the cost of cement which is the main building material commonly used, the constructional costs are going up. In the present contest of housing the millions, various programmes are getting upset because of the increased cost of constructions. In these contexts, various alternatives are being tried to be used as full or partial replacement of cement to reduce its cost. Pozzolime is one such material manufactured locally using lime and clay. Its cost nearby 1/3rd of that of cement. Though pozzolime has been put use by builders to certain extent, its strength properties are not well understood to relies its full potential and use, it is necessary to carryout detailed experimental studies on the strength properties of pozzolime in combination with cement. In the present experimental investigation, pozzolime is used as been partial replacement to cement in various proportions; specimens of mortars and concretes are cost and tested for compressive strength at different ages. The results are compared with those of the fly ash. The results indicate that desirable strength properties can be achieved in mortars and concretes by using pozzolime as partial replacement to cement. It may be concluded that cost affective mortars and concretes can be prepared using pozzolime admixture. This would help substantially in reducing the cost of construction.
Antibacterial Activity of Schiff Bases Derived from OrthoDiaminocyclohexane, ...inventionjournals
Schiff bases (SBs) are known to possess many biological activities. In this paper we will be interested in nine SBs derived from ortho-diaminocyclohexane, meta-phenylenediamine, 1,6-diaminohexane and benzaldehydes variously substituted by nitro group. We had synthesized, characterized and tested these molecules for their antibacterial properties. Herein our study focuses in particular on the determination of quantum descriptors on which observed antibacterial activity depends, in order to be able to predict biological activities in analogue molecule series. Using quantum chemistry methods at B3LYP / 6-31G (d, p) level, we determined for each molecules, theoretical antibacterial potentials that we correlated to the experimental ones. Calculation results showed that, the energy of the Highest Occupied Molecular Orbital (EHOMO), electronegativity (χ) and electronic energy (E), are the best quantum descriptors related to the antibacterial activity values of studied molecules. The correlation coefficient R 2 indicates that 92.1% of the molecular descriptors defining this model are taken into account with a standard deviation of 0.152.The model significance is reflected by Fischer coefficient F = 7.721: Correlation coefficient of cross-validation = 0.88. This model is acceptable with . The values of the pCE50theo/pCE50exp values of the validation set tend to unity
As You Go is an inspirational gift a parent or other close family member would give to a child about to leave home for college or the armed forces this fall. Families whose child is about to enter the great wide world often experience a roller-coaster ride of emotions, from the jubilation of graduation to the realization that "my baby is leaving home!" On such a momentous occasion, how do you tell your child everything you are feeling? Sometimes words alone fail us.
The first in a series of book/CD/scrapbooks from Ocean Bridge Communications about life’s major transitions, As You Go was written by father and musician Lee Liebner. The book is only available through the website www.AsYouGo.net where you can view a multimedia presentation of the book. The price is US $24.95 plus tax, shipping and handling. Press review copies available upon request.
All photographs in the presentation are copyrighted and may only be used with the express written permission of the respective copyright owners.
IBM's use of virtual worlds - Roo Reynolds' presentation at Eduserv Foundatio...Roo Reynolds
IBM famously have a large virtual continent, but what do they do there? Roo Reynolds peeps behind the Big Blue curtain to reveal how and why IBM got involved in Second Life as well as introduce some of the current activities going on within virtual worlds.
This research discussed nonoscillatory properties for resolve of nonlinear neutral
differences equation of second order with positive and negative coefficients. The
various new conditions which is ensure that all nonoscillatory solutions tend to zero
or infinity like are given two examples are illustrate the ordinary results.
Necessary and Sufficient Conditions for Oscillations of Neutral Delay Differe...inventionjournals
In this paper, we discuss the oscillatory behavior of all solutions of the first order neutral delay difference equations with several positive and negative coefficients ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 0 , i i j j k k I J K x n p x n r x n q x n , o n n (*) where I, J and K are initial segments of natural numbers, pi , rj , qk are positive numbers, i , j are positive integers and k is a nonnegative integer for iI, jJ and kK. We establish a necessary and sufficient conditions for the oscillation of all solutions of (*) is that its characteristic equation ( 1) 1 0 j i k i j k I J K p r q has no positive roots . AMS Subject Classifications : 39A10, 39A12.
In this paper, we give several new fixed point theorems to extend results [3]-[4] ,and we apply
the effective modification of He’s variation iteration method to solve some nonlinear and linear equations are
proceed to examine some a class of integral-differential equations and some partial differential equation, to
illustrate the effectiveness and convenience of this method(see[7]). Finally we have also discussed Berge type
equation with exact solution
International Journal of Mathematics and Statistics Invention (IJMSI)inventionjournals
International Journal of Mathematics and Statistics Invention (IJMSI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of computer science and electronics. IJMSI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Mathematics and Statistics, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
Formal expansion method for solving an electrical circuit modelTELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
We investigate the validity of the formal expansion method for solving a second order ordinary differential equation raised from an electrical circuit problem. The formal expansion method approximates the exact solution using a series of solutions. An approximate formal expansion solution is a truncated version of this series. In this paper, we confirm using simulations that the approximate formal expansion solution is valid for a specific interval of domain of the free variable. The accuracy of the formal expansion approximation is guaranteed on the time-scale 1.
Similar to Oscillation and Convengence Properties of Second Order Nonlinear Neutral Delay Difference Equations (20)
Final project report on grocery store management system..pdfKamal Acharya
In today’s fast-changing business environment, it’s extremely important to be able to respond to client needs in the most effective and timely manner. If your customers wish to see your business online and have instant access to your products or services.
Online Grocery Store is an e-commerce website, which retails various grocery products. This project allows viewing various products available enables registered users to purchase desired products instantly using Paytm, UPI payment processor (Instant Pay) and also can place order by using Cash on Delivery (Pay Later) option. This project provides an easy access to Administrators and Managers to view orders placed using Pay Later and Instant Pay options.
In order to develop an e-commerce website, a number of Technologies must be studied and understood. These include multi-tiered architecture, server and client-side scripting techniques, implementation technologies, programming language (such as PHP, HTML, CSS, JavaScript) and MySQL relational databases. This is a project with the objective to develop a basic website where a consumer is provided with a shopping cart website and also to know about the technologies used to develop such a website.
This document will discuss each of the underlying technologies to create and implement an e- commerce website.
Cosmetic shop management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
Buying new cosmetic products is difficult. It can even be scary for those who have sensitive skin and are prone to skin trouble. The information needed to alleviate this problem is on the back of each product, but it's thought to interpret those ingredient lists unless you have a background in chemistry.
Instead of buying and hoping for the best, we can use data science to help us predict which products may be good fits for us. It includes various function programs to do the above mentioned tasks.
Data file handling has been effectively used in the program.
The automated cosmetic shop management system should deal with the automation of general workflow and administration process of the shop. The main processes of the system focus on customer's request where the system is able to search the most appropriate products and deliver it to the customers. It should help the employees to quickly identify the list of cosmetic product that have reached the minimum quantity and also keep a track of expired date for each cosmetic product. It should help the employees to find the rack number in which the product is placed.It is also Faster and more efficient way.
About
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Technical Specifications
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
Key Features
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system
• Copatiable with IDM8000 CCR
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
Application
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
CFD Simulation of By-pass Flow in a HRSG module by R&R Consult.pptxR&R Consult
CFD analysis is incredibly effective at solving mysteries and improving the performance of complex systems!
Here's a great example: At a large natural gas-fired power plant, where they use waste heat to generate steam and energy, they were puzzled that their boiler wasn't producing as much steam as expected.
R&R and Tetra Engineering Group Inc. were asked to solve the issue with reduced steam production.
An inspection had shown that a significant amount of hot flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes, where the heat was supposed to be transferred.
R&R Consult conducted a CFD analysis, which revealed that 6.3% of the flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes without transferring heat. The analysis also showed that the flue gas was instead being directed along the sides of the boiler and between the modules that were supposed to capture the heat. This was the cause of the reduced performance.
Based on our results, Tetra Engineering installed covering plates to reduce the bypass flow. This improved the boiler's performance and increased electricity production.
It is always satisfying when we can help solve complex challenges like this. Do your systems also need a check-up or optimization? Give us a call!
Work done in cooperation with James Malloy and David Moelling from Tetra Engineering.
More examples of our work https://www.r-r-consult.dk/en/cases-en/
Industrial Training at Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL)MdTanvirMahtab2
This presentation is about the working procedure of Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL). A Govt. owned Company of Bangladesh Chemical Industries Corporation under Ministry of Industries.
Immunizing Image Classifiers Against Localized Adversary Attacksgerogepatton
This paper addresses the vulnerability of deep learning models, particularly convolutional neural networks
(CNN)s, to adversarial attacks and presents a proactive training technique designed to counter them. We
introduce a novel volumization algorithm, which transforms 2D images into 3D volumetric representations.
When combined with 3D convolution and deep curriculum learning optimization (CLO), itsignificantly improves
the immunity of models against localized universal attacks by up to 40%. We evaluate our proposed approach
using contemporary CNN architectures and the modified Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR-10
and CIFAR-100) and ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge (ILSVRC12) datasets, showcasing
accuracy improvements over previous techniques. The results indicate that the combination of the volumetric
input and curriculum learning holds significant promise for mitigating adversarial attacks without necessitating
adversary training.
Oscillation and Convengence Properties of Second Order Nonlinear Neutral Delay Difference Equations
1. International Journal of Mathematics and Statistics Invention (IJMSI)
E-ISSN: 2321 – 4767 P-ISSN: 2321 - 4759
www.ijmsi.org Volume 5 Issue 3 || March. 2017 || PP-19-24
www.ijmsi.org 19 | Page
Oscillation and Convengence Properties of Second Order
Nonlinear Neutral Delay Difference Equations
A. Murugesan1
and K. Venkataramanan2
1
Department of Mathematics, Government Arts College (Autonomous), Salem – 636 007, Tamil Nadu, India.
2
Department of Mathematics, Vysya College, Salem – 636 103, Tamil Nadu, India.
Abstract. In this paper, we consider the second order nonlinear neutral delay difference equations of the form
We establish sufficient conditions which ensures that every solution of is either oscillatory or tends to zero
as . We also gives examples to illustrate our results.
Mathematics Subject Classification 2010 : 39A10, 39A12
Keywords and Phrases: Oscillation, nonoscillation, second order, neutral, nonlinear, delay, difference
equation.
I. INTRODUCTION
In this paper, we study the oscillation and asymptotic behaviors of the second order nonlinear neutral delay
difference equation
where is the forward difference operator defined by is a
sequence of nonnegative real numbers, is a sequence of nonnegative real numbers and is not
identically zero for large values of n, is a sequence of positive real numbers and are nonnegative
integers, is the ratio of two odd integers and is a continuous real valued function.
Throughout the paper the following conditions are assumed to be hold
(i) There exist a constant such that ;
(ii) u for all and there exists a positive constant k such that for all
In addition to the above, we assume that
If is an eventually positive solution of (1.1), then its associated sequence is defined by
By a solution (1.1), we mean a real sequence which is defined for
and satisfies (1.1) for . We consider only such solution which are
nontrivial for all large n. A solution of (1.1) is said to be non oscillatory if the terms x(n) of the
sequence are eventually positive or eventually negative. Otherwise it is called oscillatory.
Recently, there has been a lot of interest in the study of oscillatory and asymptotic behaviors of second
order difference equations see, for example [1,4-10] and the references cited therein. For the general
background of difference equations one can refer to [2,3]
Sternal et al. [8] established sufficient conditions under which every bounded solution of (1.1) is either
oscillatory or tends to zero as for the cases
Rath et al. [6] established sufficient conditions which ensures that every solution of is oscillatory
or tends to zero as for the case
2. Oscillation And Convengence Properties Of Second Order Nonlinear Neutral Delay Difference…
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Thandapani et al. [11] consider the second order neutral difference equation
and established sufficient conditions under which every bounded solution of (1.4) is oscillatory and determined
sufficient conditions for the existence of positive solution which tends to zero as .
Li et al. [5] consider the following second order nonlinear neutral delay differential equation
and established sufficient conditions which ensures that every solution of (1.5) is either oscillatory or tends to
zero.
In this paper, our aim is to determine sufficient conditions under which every solution of (1.1) is either
oscillatory or tends to zero. Our established results are discrete analogues of some well-known result due to [5].
II. LEMMAS
In this section, we give two lemmas that will be useful for establishing our results.
Lemma 2.1. [4] If X and Y are positive real numbers and then
or
There is obviously equality when or .
Lemma 2.2. If is an eventually positive solution of the equation (1.1) then z(n) satisfies the following
two possible cases:
for where is sufficiently large.
Proof: Since is an eventually positive solution of (1.1) there exist an integer such that
It follows from (1.1) and (1.3) that
This shows that is nonincreasing and of one sign. That is, these exists an integer such
that or for all .
If for , then we have or . We prove that is not possible. If
for , then for ,
where . Then, we conclude that
By virtue of the condition (1.2), as . We consider now the following two cases separately.
Case 1:
If is unbounded, then there exists a sequence such that and
where
Now from (1.3) we have
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which contradicts the fact that
Case 2:
If is bounded, then is also bounded, which contradicts
Hence satisfies one of the cases ( ) and ( ). This completes the proof.
Lemma 2.3. If is an eventually positive solution of (1.1) and z(n) satisfies the case ( ) then
Proof: by and , we have
where is a finite constant. That is, is bounded. As in the proof of Case1 in Lemma 2.2, is also
bounded. Using the fact that is bounded, we obtain
.
We claim that a=0. If , then there exists a sequence of integers such that and as
.
Let . Then for all large k, and so
which is a contradiction. Thus, a=0 and This completes the proof.
III. OSCILLATION AND CONVERGENCE OF SOLUTIONS TO (1.1)
In what follows we are the following notations:
where is sufficiently large and
where is a sequence of real numbers.
Theorem 3.1. Suppose that there exists a sequence of positive real numbers such that for all
sufficiently large
Then every solution of (1.1) is either oscillatory or tends to zero as .
Proof : Assume the contrary. Without loss of generality, we may suppose that is an eventually positive
solution of (1.1). Then there exists an integer such that and for
all Then from (1.1) and (1.3), we have (2.2). From Lemma 2.2, satisfies one of the cases or
. We consider each of two cases separately.
Suppose first that holds. By the definition of z(n).
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By the nonincreasing nature of we have
Also by (2.2), we obtain
Let us define a sequence { (n)} by
Then for and
Using (2.2), (3.2) and (3.4) in (3.6), we have
Summing the above inequality (3.7) from to n-1,
we obtain
which contradicts (3.1).
If z(n) satisfies ( ), then due to Lemma 2.3. The proof is complete.
Let . We can obtain the following criterion for (1.1) using Theorem 3.1.
Corollary 3.2: If
then every solution of (1.1) is either oscillatory or tends to zero as .
Theorem 3.2. Assume that Suppose that there exists a sequence of positive real numbers
such that for sufficiently large
Then every solution of (1.1) is either oscillatory or tends to zero as
Proof. Assume the contrary. Without loss of generality, we may suppose that is an eventually positive
solution of (1.1). Then there exists an integer such that and for
all .
By virtue of Lemma 2.2. z(n) satisfies one of ( ) and ( ). We discuss each of the two cases separately.
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Assume first that {z(n)} satisfies ( ) we obtain (3.3) and (3.4). Define the sequence by (3.5).Then
for and we obtain the equation (3.6)
By Lemma 2.1, we have
Using (3.10) in (3.6), we obtain
Using (2.2) and (3.2) in (3.11), we have
On the other hand, by the decreasing nature of and (3.4), we have
Using (3.13) and (3.12), we obtain
Summing the above inequality from to n-1, we obtain
which contradicts (3.9).
If z(n) satisfies ( ), then by Lemma 2.3, and this completes the proof.
IV. EXAMPLES
Example 4.1.
Consider the following second order neutral delay difference equation
where , and k=1.
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It follows from Corollary 3.2 that every solution of (4.1) is either oscillatory or tends to zero as For
instance, is an oscillatory solution of the equation (4.1)
Example 4.2.
Consider the following second order neutral delay difference equation
we have
Choose Then We can easily show that
Then
.
It follows from Theorem 3.1, every solution of (1.1) is either oscillatory or tend to zero
REFERENCES
[1]. M. H. Abu-Risha, Oscillation of second-order linear difference equations, Appl. Math. Lett., 13(2000), 129-135
[2]. R. P. Agarwal, Difference Equations and Inequalities: Theory, Methods and Applications, Marcel Dekker, New York, 1999.
[3]. I. Gyori and G. Ladas, Oscillation Theory of Delay Differential Equations with Applications, Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1991.
[4]. G. H. Hardy, J. E Little wood and G.Polya, Inequalities, The print of the 1952 edition, Cambridge University press, Cambridge,
UK, 1988
[5]. Q. Li, R.Wang, E. Chen and T. Li, Oscillation of second-order nonlinear delay differential equation with non positive neutral
coefficients, Adv. Difference Equ., (2015)2015:35
[6]. R. N. Rath, S. Padhi and B. L. S. Barik, Oscillatory and asymptotic behavior of a homogeneous neutral delay difference equation of
second order, Bull. Inst. Math. Acad. Sin. (N.S.) 3(3)(2008), 453-467.
[7]. S. H. Saker and S. S. Cheng, Oscillation criteria for difference equations with damping terms, Appl. Math. Comput., 148(2004),
421-442.
[8]. A. Sternal and B. Szmanda, Asymptotic and oscillatory behavior of certain difference equations, LEMATE MATICHE, Vol.
LI(1996)-Fasc.I.pp 77-86.
[9]. E. Thandapani and L. Ramupillai, Oscllatory and asymptotic behavior of perturbed quasi linear second order difference equations,
Arch. Math. (Brno), Tomus 34 (1988), 455-466.
[10]. E. Thandapani, Oscillation theorems for perturbed nonlinear second order difference equations, Computer Math. Applic, 28(1994),
309-318.
[11]. E. Thandapani, Z. Liu, R. Arul and P.S. Raja, Oscillation and asymptotic behavior of second order difference equations with
nonlinear neutral terms, Appl. Math. E-Notes 4(2004), 59-67