organization behavior full project 2018

Organization Behavior
Name: Usama Saleem Hashmi
Submitted To: Sir Kaleem
Project: Leadership Of Leader
Class: Bba (2nd)
Roll Number: 09173044
Sap Roll No: 70057954

MAULANA ZAFAR ALI KHAN
Father Name:
Maulvi Sirajuddin Ahmad
Country of Birth:
Pakistan
Date of Birth:
(1873– 27 November 1956)
Died:
November 27, 1956, Wazirabad
Birth Place:
'karmabad' near Wazirabad

Studies:
Matriculated (10th grade) from Patiala,
Intermediate (12th grade) from the Aligarh College
BA degree Aligarh College
Aligarh Muslim University
Parents:
Maulvi Sirajuddin Ahmad
Profession:
writer, poet,
Achievements:
Uniting Muslim nation and founder of Pakistan, writer, poet, translator and
a journalist.
Books
 Bahāristān
 Nigāristān
 Camanistān
 Rahāristān
 Armag̲ h̲ ān-i Qādiyān
 Kulliyāt-i Maulānā Ẓafar ʻAlī K̲ h̲ ān
 Ḥabsiyāt
 Nashīd-i Shīrāz, collection of Farsi poems and articles published in different
periodicals

Zafar Ali Khan (1873– 27 November 1956) (Punjabi;– Zafar ail Khan),
also known.who played an important role in the Pakistan Movement against
the British Raj. Apart from Islamic religious sciences, he was well-versed in the
latest theories of economics, sociology and politics, and for his erudition as well as
methods, is generally considered to be "the father of Urdu journalism.
Early Life
Zafar was born into a Punjabi Janjua family at Kot Marth, a small village named
'karmabad' near Wazirabad, which at the time was part of British India. He
received his early education at Mission High School, Wazirabad, Gujranwala
District. matriculated (10th grade) from Patiala, and passed his intermediate (12th
grade) from the Aligarh College. Next, he worked in the postal department of the
state of Jammu and Kashmir, the same place where his father worked, but resigned
over a row with his seniors. He rejoined Aligarh College and gained his BA degree
from there.
Career
After graduation, Khan was appointed secretary to a Muslim political leader
[Mohsin-ul-Mulk], then in Bombay. Then he worked for some time as a translator
in Hyderabad, Deccan, rising to the postof Secretary, Home Department. He
returned from Hyderabad and launched his daily [Zamindar
(newspaper)|Zamindar] newspaper from Lahore which was founded by his father
Maulvi Sirajuddin Ahmad.
In the 1930s he started writing against the Qadianis and waged a campaign against
them in his daily Zamindar newspaper.

Poetry
He chose to write in Urdu, instead of his mother tongue Punjabi. Khan's interest in
poetry began in his childhood. His poems have religious and political sentiment.
He was specially versed in impromptu compositions. His poetical output
includes Baharistan, Nigaristan, and Chamanistan. His other works are Marka-e-
Mazhab-o-Science, Ghalba-e-Rum, Sayr-e-Zulmet and an opera Jang-e-Roos-o-
Japan.
Most popular Naats
 'Voh shama ujala jis ne kiya 40 baras tak ghaaron mein' sung by Mehdi
Hassan, a Radio Pakistan production, a popular Naat written by Zafar Ali
Khan.
 'Dil jis se zinda hai woh tamanna tum hi tau ho' sung by Muneeba Sheikh,
a Pakistan Television production, a popular Naat written by Zafar Ali Khan.
Memorials and legacy
Sahiwal Stadium, а multi-purpose stadium in Sahiwal, Punjab, was renamed
as Zafar Ali Stadium in his honor. It is used for football and cricket games. The
stadium holds 10,000 people.
He served the Pakistan Movement and is acknowledged as the father
of Urdu language journalism. It has been said of him: "he was the father of Urdu
journalism … the Zamindar newspaper, when Zafar Ali Khan was the proprietor
and editor, was the Urdu newspaper for the Muslims. Recognizing Zafar Ali
Khan's contributions to the Pakistan Movement, the Punjab government in Pakistan
established a

'Maulana Zafar Ali Khan Trust' that initiated the 'Zafar Ali Khan Award' for
outstanding journalists to be awarded every year.[14] A Public degree college in
Wazirabad is named after him as Government
Molana Zafar Ali Khan Degree College.
Pakistan Post issued a commemorative postage stamp in his honor in its 'Pioneers
of Freedom' series.
Books
Allama Iqbal Aur Maulana Zafar Ali Khan
AUTHOR- JAFAR BALUCH
 Year - 1995
 Publisher Waheed Quraishi
 Courtesy GhalibInstitute,NewDelhi
Baharistan
AUTHOR- ZAFAR ALI KHAN
 Year - 1937
 Publisher Panjab Urdu Academy,Chandigarh
Courtesy Anjuman Taraqqi Urdu (Hind)

Nigaristaan
AUTHOR- ZAFAR ALI KHAN
 Year - 2000
 Publisher Publishers UnitedLahore
 Courtesy Anjuman Taraqqi Urdu (Hind)
MAGAZINES
Sitara-e-Subh - Shumara Number-002
EDITOR-ZAFAR ALI KHAN
 Year - 1916
 Courtesy Anjuman Taraqqi Urdu (Hindi)

 Year - 1917
 Year - 1917
 Publisher Mohammad Noorul Haq
 Year - 1917
 Publisher Mohammad Noorul Haq
Essay
 G̲ h̲ albah-yi Rūm : ek tārīk̲ h̲ ī tafsīr, historical commentary of Sūrat ar-Rūm on
the victory of Romans over the Persians and the Muslims over the Meccan
polytheists as predicted by Koran in AD 615

 Taqārīr-i Maulānā Ẓafar ʻAlī K̲ h̲ ān̲ , speeches of the author, especially in regard
with the Khilafat movement..
 Lat̤āʼifuladab, on the relation between literature and Islam
 Mʻaās̲ h̲ irat, on the social sciences
 Jamāluddīn Afg̲ h̲ ānī : yaʻnī itiḥād-i Islāmī ke muharrik-i aʻzīm, Misr, Ṭarkī,
Īrān aur Hindūstān ke z̲ arīʻah ʻalim-i Islām man̲ , biography of the Muslim
reformer and independence fighter Jamāl al-Dīn al-Afghānī
Plays
 Jang-i Rus va Japān : yaʻnī ek tārīk̲ h̲ ī ḍrāmā, a play on the Russian Japanese
War, 1904-1905….
Translations:
 Jangal buk, Urdu translation from the English of Rudyard Kipling's Jungle
Book
 Al-Farooq : the life of Omar the Great, English translation from the Urdu
of Shibli Nomani's Al-Farooq, a biography of Umar
Performance
The paper was banned and the press was confiscated because of its revolutionary
policies. He participated many a times in the annual sessions of the All India
Muslim League. He supported the resolution, which resulted in the setting up the
All India Muslim League.
Most of Maulana’s life was spent in politics. He was a great poet, an orator, an
essayist of exceptional merit and a Journalist. His interest in poetry began in his
childhood and his poems were full of religious and political sentiments. He was

member of the Reforms Committee (8th Session All India Muslim League
Bombay, December 1915-January 1916).
He was also Member of the Committee to formulate Muslim Representation in
Legislative and other Elective bodies (16th Session, Bombay, December 1924). He
remained an active member of the Khilafat Movement. Maulana Zafar Ali Khan
also remained Member of the Central Legislative Assembly from 1937 to 1945 and
was re-elected to it as a Muslim League Member in 1946.
Maulana Zafar Ali Khan hated the British rulers of the Indian sub-continent and
faced copious imprisonments. The difficulties of jail couldn’t deter them from
pursuing their poetry work. Some of their poems written during prison were
banned by the government. Their properties were confiscated. However, bothhad
different but opposed personalities as well.
In the Modern Muslim India and the Birth of Pakistan, he was young, forceful and
courageous, and enthusiastically responded to the new political trends. In his hands
the Zamindar became the most influential Urdu daily of Northern India and his role
in politics was second only to that of Ali Brothers and Abul Kalam Azad during
the Khilafat movement. It is worth mentioning that the only province of Pakistan,
which had adopted Urdu as their own and developed it as their working language
was Punjab, because their own mother tongue Punjabi was mostly a spoken
language. Its original script “Gurmukhi” was never owned by the Muslims of
Punjab becauseit was associated with the Sikh religious scriptures. Urdu,
therefore, became the main written language of Punjab along with English and
both were used almost equally as official and academic languages of the province.
Punjabi intellectuals, writers, poets and journalists, the foremost among them being
Allama Iqbal and Maulana Zafar Ali Khan followed by many other luminaries,
enriched Urdu with loving care and made it the premier language of their province.

After Delhi and Lakhnau, Punjab played a great rule in promoting Urdu language.
In this respectthe book, Punjab main Urdu.
His poetical output has been published in ‘Baharistan‘, ‘Nigaristan‘ and
‘Chamanistan‘. His other works are ‘Ma’arka-e-Mazhab-o-Science’, ‘Ghalba-e-
Rumi’, ‘Sayr-e-Zulmat’ and an opera ‘Jang-e-Roos-o-Japan’.
Educated at the Aligarh and Allahabad universities, Maulana Zafar’s passion for
literary expression took him to the Nizam state, where the intellectual atmosphere
helped Maulana come into his own. His books include the translation of Maulana
Shibli Numani’s monumental Al Farooq into English, besides the translation into
Urdu of some classical works by British and American novelists. He changed the
style of Musha’aras where poets would recite their Kalam indoor. Maulana staged
his Musha’aras in public meetings. His political poetry would have been a biting
satire on the policies of the government and in Natiya Kalam he devoted his self in
the love of Islam and Prophet (Peace of Allah be on Him). Maulana possessed the
passion that was required to say Natiya Kalam. In fact his Natiya Kalam was denial
of his political poetry. Most of his Naats were meaningful and easy to
understand.Khan followed by many other luminaries, enriched Urdu with loving
care and made it the premier language of their province. After Delhi and Lakhnau,
Punjab played a great rule in promoting Urdu language. In this respect the book,
Punjab main Urdu.
His poetical output has been published in ‘Baharistan‘, ‘Nigaristan‘ and
‘Chamanistan‘. His other works are ‘Ma’arka-e-Mazhab-o-Science’, ‘Ghalba-e-
Rumi’, ‘Sayr-e-Zulmat’and an opera ‘Jang-e-Roos-o-Japan’.

Educated at the Aligarh and Allahabad universities, Maulana Zafar’s passionfor
literary expression took him to the Nizamstate, where the intellectual atmosphere
helped Maulana come into his own. His books include the translation of Maulana
Shibli Numani’s monumental Al Farooqinto English, besides the translation into
Urdu of some classical works by British and American novelists. He changed the
style of Musha’aras where poets would recite their Kalam indoor. Maulana staged
his Musha’aras in public meetings. His political poetry would have been a biting
satire on the policies of the government and in Natiya Kalam he devoted his self in
the love of Islam and Prophet (Peace of Allah be on Him). Maulana possessed the
passion that was required to say Natiya Kalam. In fact his Natiya Kalam was denial
of his political poetry. Most of his Naats were meaningful and easy to understand.

Molana Zafar Ali Khan Moto To His Nation:
We are the people who believe that the Holy Prophet(pbuh) is a profound reformer
and other prophets and messengers of God are not to be followed. Some of the
commonalities of all the messengers and prophets of God are that, they led their
lives in the midst of numerous hardships and difficulties, borne agonies and
worries, and in the most difficult hours they remained patient and contented. This
is the brightest aspectof their lives which converted them into the tower of
illumination and a sourceto enlighten the people. The same lesson is derived from
the stories of great men published in the different magazines., and all the
intellectuals of the world agree upon this point that a great man is not the one who
has attained a high position and status or has accumulated the heavy bulk of
fortune for himself. But the one who has formulated a high ambition and then
toiled hard for the achievement of that goal with profound honesty and sincerity.
The magnitude of difficulties, hardships, dejections and agonies faced by a person
with patience; determines the greatness of a successfuland victorious person.
The true lover of Holy Prophet(pbuh)and a brave ,outspokenleader of the
Independence Movement of our nation, The Father of Journalism had followed the
same glorified traits of those Dignified Prophets of God. He, as a seasoned
journalist, an exemplary writer and orator, and a perfect extempore poet, a well-
known translator, and a great organizer adorned his journalism with truthful and
extrovert journalism. Maulana fought for the Muslim Freedom. He encouraged the
timid and docile people and infused in them the courage to look in the eyes of their
British rulers. Maulana Zafar Ali Khan had a keen desire to unite the Muslims of
the world.
Maulana Zafar Ali Khan had selected, the best calligraphers, writers and translators
of the Sub-Continent for his newspaper ‘Zameendar’ Forthe first time he hired the

services of news agencies and appointed his representatives in the leading cities of
the Muslim World. Before Maulana’s entrance in the field of Journalism, the
editors or owners of newspapers were called, “Munshi” Most of them were
illiterate, ignorant of the prevailing political and social environment and latest
trends of modern age. Maulana was the first Graduate of Aligarh University who
entered the field of journalism. He had a thorough study of Islamic History and
Religion, He had a commendable command over the language and speech, besides
his comprehensive study of latest mode of economics, sociology and politics.
He studied different constitutions of the world and comprehended the law,
observed the changes that occurred with the passage of time . He believed to use
the same type of weapon for the enemy which he was accustomed to and equipped
with.
Many a times, the security of ‘Zameendar’ was confiscated, and in no time the
Indian Muslims who could sacrifice their lives for him, collected a huge amount to
deposit the security for ‘Zameendar’ so that the publication of the newspaper may
not be terminated or obstructed. Maulana had to spend fourteen valuable years of
his life in bearing the tortures of jail, but he never failed to speak the truth and the
demand for freedom. The aggression and suppressionof the British rulers could
not stop him talking the truth and could not shake his determination and
perseverance. When he made a speech, there was an eloquent flow of words that
intoxicated and thrilled the audience. His firmness of faith and devotion for the
cause, created dynamism in his nature which helped to arouse the Muslims of
India.
According to some critics, Maulana’s journalism and addresses were a mere roar,
thunder and lightening of clouds. He claimed to be a militant and aggressive

journalist. There was an enthusiasm and fervor in his journalism more than wisdom
and rationality. Emotions and excitement surpassed reasoning and philosophy.
Todayif we study the writings of Maulana Zafar Ali Khan, we come to realize that
his writings were enriched with precision and grandeur of words. His style of
writing was replete with spontaneity, and instigative analysis.
Due to his extra-ordinary intelligence, creative mental power, enormous
capabilities and hard work round the clock, introduced new attractions and
versatility in journalism. He granted Honour and Dignity to this professionof
Journalism. Maulana Zafar Ali Khan was followed by a number of educated,
intelligent and learned young Muslims towards this hard thorny path of journalism.
Maulana Zafar Ali Khan was a trend maker and introduced such remarkable
standards and established such traditions in journalism, that there was no room left
for the Munshis and those worthless and incapable persons who wanted to just try
their luck in journalism.
No doubt, journalism and politics of Maulana Zafar Ali Khan is an exemplary
beacon of light for our politicians and journalists. His journalism and politics, as a
golden chapter of our history, will always teach and guide us towards the right
path.
Lesson
1- The true leadership, command and politics is not the job of incapable,
opportunists and cowards.
2- For leading a nation, it is compulsoryto have a profound devotion for the
teachings of Quraan, firm faith in the Sovereignty of God, and extreme love for the
preaching of the Holy Prophet

3- Besides undaunted courage, only those can lead a nation with politics and
journalism, , who have been bestowed with enormous creative potential,
understanding and a sound insight by Almighty God. The one who is well
informed, has a vision to see and understand the current drift, in comparison with
the past events.
4-Only that can be a true journalist and politician who is determined to sacrifice his
life and fortunes for the nation.
5- Only those can have their way in journalism and politics, who possessa broader
vision and insight.
6- Success cannot be achieved in the field of politics and journalism without
having full command over language and speech, enriched with comprehensiveness,
spontaneity and eloquence.
7- It is a desertion from the mission and targeted goal to be overcome by dread and
dismay.
8- Absence of the pre-requisites and technical requirements, and desertion of code
of conductin politics and journalism are like committing a suicide in this field.
9- It is a self-deception in journalism and politics, to be a hypocrite, and influenced
by the flowery tongue of the courtiers, and still think they can swindle the people
10- The one who has never been through hard times, and tries to gain sympathy of
the people by lamenting on the transitory difficulties or suffering can be called
‘narrow-minded, hypocrite or a bragger.

11- Only those should enter politics and journalism who are convinced that they
have a complete know how about the problems and worries of the people and can
offer appropriate solutions to them.
12- Success in politics and journalism is possibleonly, with innovation and in
finding new solutions for the old problems and adopting long term plans.
13- It is but natural, that if politics and journalism, is honestly endeavoring to
protect the rights of the people, and damage the interest of the opposingforces,
then they must be prepared to face antagonism from all sides
14-It is the utmost need of hour, to bring another Molana Zafar Ali Khan for the
guidance of people and to get them out of this illogical chaos and dearth of positive
thought process.

Zafar Ali Khan 1905 - 1940, 1935 – 1940 PERSONALITIES
Maulana Zafar Ali Kahn was one of the most eminent leaders of the freedom
movement from Punjab. The man with extraordinary abilities ranging from oratory
to poetry and from politics to journalism is mainly acknowledged as the father of
Urdu journalism. Due to his extraordinary talent he got prominence among the
great political leaders of the time, who were busy in their struggle for an
independent sovereign state for the Muslims of the subcontinent. He was born in
the Kot-Merath district Sialkot on January 27, 1874 in a well literate family. His
father Maulvi Siraj-ud-din started Zamindar in 1903 that highlighted the interests
and problem of the agricultural community and at the same time promoted social
and political awareness among the Muslims. Maulana Zafar Ali Khan got his early
education from Mission High SchoolWazirabad and Mahendra Singh
College Patiala. He completed his graduation from M.A.O. College, Aligarh. He
became secretary to Nawab Mohsin-ul-Mulk in 1895. Afterwards he joined
“Hyderabad Translation Bureau” and later the home department of the same state
i.e., Hyderabad Deccan.
After his father death in 1908 Zamindar was taken over by Maulana Zafar Ali
Khan who had already established his literary reputation by a number of books he

had written in addition to his editorship of the “Deccan Review”. Due to his ample
experience in journalism, he also contributed articles to other magazines and
newspapers. In his hands Zamindar became the most influential Urdu daily of
Northern India that played a vital role in the Indian politics. Bearing an anti-
imperialist point of view, its popularity can be traced back from the fact that it has
thirty thousand issues, which until 1947 no other newspaper can claim. The
newspaper was the first voice of the Muslims in the Khilafat Movement and a
powerful instrument for infusing a vigorous political life in the Punjab.
He was one of the supporters ofthe resolution, which led to the creation of All
India Muslim League at Dhaka in 1906.
He was the champion of the Muslim unity and brotherhood all over the world. This
curiosity compelled him to collect funds for the Turks during Tripoli and Balkans
Wars and visited Turkey as well. He played an active role during the Khilafat
Movement and was elected first as secretary and later as President of Punjab
Khilafat Committee.
Zafar Ali Khan was an excellent poet. His poetic works inculde Nigaristan,
Chamanistan, Baharistan and Armagahan-e-Qadian. He translated the famous book
Al-Farooq by Shibli into English and Jinnah’s historic speechof 1940 into Urdu.
Others literary works include Marka-e-Mazhab-o-Science, Ghalba-e-Rum and
Shehr-e-zulmet. In 1935 he started Majlis-e-Ittihad-e-Millat and in the same year
he was elected as a member of the Central Legislature from Lahore. Zafar Ali
Khan struggled hard to establish All India Muslim League, which faced resistance
from the landlords particularly from the Unionist Party in Punjab. Maulana Zafar
Ali Khan will be remembered with great respectand honour in the political history

of Pakistan due to his contribution in the all walks of life. He died on November
27, 1956 and was buried at Karamabad Wazirabad.
Motivation
Writer, poet, journalist and freedom champ, Maulana Zafar Ali Khan was born at
Kot Mehrath, District Sialkot [Punjab] in 1873. He received his early education in
Mission High School, Wazirabad and graduated from Aligarh Muslim University.
Thereafter, he was appointed secretary to Nawab Mohsin-ul-Mulk who was then in
Bombay. He worked for some time as a translator in Hyderabad, Deccan and rose
to the postof Secretary, Home Department. He established a literary reputation by
his editorship of the Deccan Review and authorship of a number of books of high
literary merit.
In 1908, he came to Lahore and took over the charge of the daily Zamindar, which
was founded by his father Maulvi Sirajuddin Ahmad in 1903. He is considered as
the father of Urdu journalism, and Zamindar was at one time the most important
paper of the Punjab. The Zamindar was an Urdu newspaper launched for the
Muslims. It played a great part in the awakening of the Muslim masses and in
forming their political outlook despite the fact that it had limited circulation since
the Muslims lacked industry and commerce with the result that the advertisements
were too meager to copewith the funds needed for the paper. Sometimes he
couldn’t pay his staff. Maulana started his career as journalist in extremely odd and
unfavorable circumstances. Lahore was center of Urdu publications and all the
three well-established newspapers: Partab, Mehrab, and Vi Bharat were owned by
Hindus. However, Maulana Zafar Ali Khan and Zamindar rendered matchless
services to the Pakistan Movement. The pioneering work of Comrade (started by

Maulana Muhammad Ali) and Zamindar has intrinsically to be duly acknowledged.
In 1934 when the Punjab Government banned this paper, Maulana Zafar Ali Khan
who invariably possessed remarkable courage and mettlesome spirit, sued and got
the government orders revoked by the court. Next day he was thankful to God and
wrote the a long poem starting from the following verses:
In the Modern Muslim India and the Birth of Pakistan, Dr. S. M. Ikram writes: He
was young, forceful and courageous, and enthusiastically responded to the new
political trends. In his hands the Zamindar became the most influential Urdu daily
of Northern India and his role in politics was second only to that of Ali Brothers
and Abul Kalam Azad during the Khilafat movement. It is worth mentioning that
the only province of Pakistan, which had adopted Urdu as their own and developed
it as their working language was Punjab, because their own mother tongue Punjabi
was mostly a spoken language. Its original script “Gurmukhi” was never owned by
the Muslims of Punjab because it was associated with the Sikh religious scriptures.
Urdu, therefore, became the main written language of Punjab along with English
and both were used almost equally as official and academic languages of the
province. Punjabi intellectuals, writers, poets and journalists, the foremost among
them being Allama Iqbal and Maulana Zafar Ali Khan followed by many other
luminaries, enriched Urdu with loving care and made it the premier language of
their province. After Delhi and Laukhnauw, Punjab played a great rule in

promoting Urdu language. In this respect the book, Punjab main Urdu, written by
Hafiz Mahmood Sheerani, is highly informative and knowledgeable.
Maulana Zafar Ali Khan possessedan extraordinary talent also as an orator and
was an essayist of exceptional merit. Once as he came to the stage and tried to
quote something taking his spectacles out of his pocket, he was hooted down; even
a few people started yelling at him. But he remained quite unnerved, found his
spectacles, and started speaking again. There was now pin drop silence and the
same people who were hooting him exceedingly applauded him owing to his
excellent speech and superb command on the language.In addition to his
marvelous capability of journalism, Maulana Zafar Ali Khan had fantastic gift of
rhyme. His poems were replete with religious fervor and political sentiments. He
was a devotee of Islam and of the Holy Eternally blessed Prophet (SAW) and is
well-known for his naat goyee (versified tribute dedicated to the Holy Prophet). He
was especially well versed in impromptu compositions. His poetical output has
been published in “Baharistan”, “Nigaristan”, and “Chamanistan”. His other works
are “Marka-e-Mazhab-o-Science”, “Ghalba-e-Rum”, “Sayr-e-Zulmet” and an
opera “Jang-e-Roos-o-Japan”. He was very much impressed by Mela Ram Vafas
knack of writing poetry. He thus advised a poetaster:
Because of his fiery temper, he was called Koh-e-aatash-fishaan (Volcano). But at
the same time, he did not brook even the slightest caviling about what he spokeor
wrote. When Vafa corrected the second line as:

Zafar Ali Khan was so much pleased with this correction that he continued to
publish it with his eulogistic remarks in his newspaper for many a day. Besides his
prolific poetry and outstanding contribution to journalism, he was a dauntless
politician. Most of his life was spent in political activities. He eagerly supported
Quaid-i-Azam and the Pakistan Movement. On March 23, 1940, the Lahore
Resolution was seconded also by Maulana Zafar Ali Khan along with many others
from Punjab. He was one of those intellectuals of Aligarh University who proved
that the pen is mightier than the sword and headed powerful movements and
dominated the public stage. His love and devotion for the Quaid was above board.
Being a great champion of the Muslim cause, he wrote intrepidly against the
policies of the British and was a stern critic of the Congress and its leaders. Once
when the city of Lahore was visited by Gandhi, he did not spare him and wrote a
wonderful poem starting from the lines:
When Sir Sikander Hayat was elected as Chief Minister to the Punjab, Maulana
Zafar Ali Khan wrote the following line:

(Before long will come here again the regime of Emperor Akbar [the Great]with
Sikander as Abul Fazl and Manoharlal as Todarmal.)
None could emulate him in writing verses extemporaneously. A few pieces of his
poetry will show how adeptly he embellished his verses with the most seemly,
pleasant and refined words:
The fact is that it was difficult to differentiate whether he was a great writer, a
great political figure or a great journalist. He had equal command over English,
Urdu, Persian and Arabic. He translated the work of Allama Shibli Nu’mani, al-
Farooq so nicely under the title of Life of Umar the Great, Second Caliph of Islam
in two volumes. Allama Iqbal paid rich tribute to Maulana Zafar Ali Khan and at
oft-times loved to call on him and listen to his naatia poetry. Zafar Ali Khan started
several movements like Tehreek Ittehad-i-Millat and Neeli PoshTehreek under

adverse circumstances. He gave a new life to freedom loving people. The
Englishmen were strong in the sub-continent but he erased fear of the British from
the minds of people. Maulana Zafar Ali Khan wrote a series of articles entitled
Sarzamin-i-beyaain (The Land Without Law) dealing with the people of N.W.F.P.
having some special grievances against the British administration since their civil
liberties were acutely curtailed and the government officers had assumed complete
autocratic powers

Conclusion
Maulana Zafar Ali Khan was born in 1873 at Kot Mehrath, District Sialkot; He
received his early education in Mission High School, Wazirabad and Mahindra
Singh College, Patiala. Mter ~ brief job in Postand Telegraph Department he
joined M.A.O. College Aligarh and graduated in 1895. After graduation he was
appointed Secretary to Nawab Mohsin-u1-Mulk who was then in Bombay. Later
he worked for sometime as a Translator in Hyderabad Deccan, rising to the postof
Secretary Home Department
He returned home on his father's death in 1909 and took over as Editor Urdu
Newspaper 'Zamindar'.
This newspaper was started by his father Maulvi Sirajuddin Ahmad in 1903 and
later under his editorship became one of the most influential newspapers of the
sub-continent. The paper was banned and the press was confiscated because of its
revolutionary policies.
He participated many a times in the annual sessions of the All India Muslim
League. He supported the resolution, which resulted in the setting up the All India
Muslim League (Inaugural Session, Dhaka Dec. 1906). He was member of the
Reforms Committee (8th Session All India Muslim League Bombay, December
1915-January 1916). He was also Member of the Committee to formulate Muslim
Representation in Legislative and other Elective bodies (16th Session, Bombay,
December 1924).
He remained an active member of the Khilafat Movement as well and was a close
associate of Maulana Mohamed Ali Jauhar and visited Turkey In 1913 and
collected money for the victims of the Balkan Wars.

Maulana Zafar Ali Khan remained Member of the Central Legislative Assembly
from 1937 to 1945 and was re-elected to it as a Muslim League Member in 1946.
He died on November 26, 1956.
Most of Maulana's life was spent in politics. He was a great poet, an orator, an
essayist of exceptional merit and a Journalist. His interest in poetry began in his
childhood and his poems were full of religious and political ,sentiments. His
poetical output has been published in 'Baharistan', 'Nigaristan' and 'Chamanistai1'.
His other works are 'Ma'arka-e-Mazhab-o-Science', 'Ghalba-e-Rumi', 'Sayr-e-
Zulmat' and an opera 'Jang-e-Roos-o-Japan'. He was a devotee of Islam. He is
buried in Karamabad (Wazirabad).
The END

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