ORGANIC FARMING BY HYDROPONICS SYSTEM USING KITCHEN WASTE.pptx

1. Problem Statement
“Due to extreme events and unpredicted rainfall
and/or drought, the conventional way of irrigation
practices pose challenges”. In addition, deminishing
culture of organic farming is also vital concern in
the current practices of irrigation”
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2. INTRODUCTION
Hydroponics is a technique of growing plants in nutrient solutions without thw use of soil.
The term Hydroponics was derived from the Greek word ‘hydro’ means water and ‘ponos’
means labour and literally means water work. The word hydroponics was coined by Professor
William Gericke in the early 1930s.
Organic hydroponics is a hydroponics culture system based on organic agriculture concepts that
does not use synthetic inputs such as fertilizers or pesticides. In organic hydroponics, nutrient
solutions are derived from organic plant and animal material or naturally mined substances.
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3. OBJECTIVES
To reduce the quantity of kitchen waste to be added as municipal waste and convert it into
liquid nutrient solutions suitable for indoor vegetable plants in a hygienic process.
To cultivate mint, chilli, and tomato in a hydroponic system with the use of nutrient
solutions obtained through kitchen waste.
To evaluate the performance of the hydroponic system using nutrient solutions prepared
from kitchen waste.
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4. SUMMERY OF LITERATURE REVIEW
1. Nutrient film technique (NFT), the method that has been used in which the complete hydroponic setup
is been tested and set in ratio 1:30 which helps in continuous water flow in a hydroponic system
nourishing all the plant roots that allows the plant to grow faster, NFT technique doesn't keep water in a
stationary mode which plays an very important role in nourishing plants to grow faster and no debris
are struck in between, there will variation in the absorption of nutrients for each plants.
2. Conversion of the kitchen waste for growing plants in hydroponic system into organic fertilizer, in this
process all the kitchen waste like peels of vegetable and fruit, meat, eggshells and food waste etc. are
stored in a bucket layer by layer for about 15 days and it is lidded. The liquid has to be extracted from
the kitchen waste that is decomposed then the liquid extracted is used in a hydroponic setup for plants
to grow in healthy environment along with this organic liquid fertilizer lake water is used, different
tried and tested methods are used to see the plants growth.
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5. METHODOLOGY
In order to grow plants and vegetables in soil-less culture
Hydroponic system is one of the most suitable method.
The study was aimed to find out the performance of
hydroponic system using kitchen waste as water soluble
nutrient for growing vegetables which includes
 Collection of waste organic materials from the household or waste
from kitchen.
 Converting it into organic liquid fertilizer by anaerobic
decomposition.
 Extracting the solution out of it and use it as the nutrient solution
for growing plants in a Hydroponic system.
 Technique-Nutrient Film Technique (NFT).
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Nutrient film technique (NFT) systems

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STUDY ON ORGANIC
HYDROPONICS
LITERATURE
REVIEW
COLLECTION OF
KITCHEN WASTE
AND CONVERSION
INTO LIQUID
FERTILIZER
MODEL SETUP AND
SAPLING
IMPLANTATION
FERTIGATION ,
OBSERVATION AND
ANALYSIS
RESULTS AND
CONCLUSIONS.
METHODOLOGY FLOW CHART

7. COMPONENTS
1. Growing media/substrate: Sponge
2. Water and Air Pumps: 12W
3. Net Pots: plastic cup
4. Reservoir:15 liter bucket
5. Crops : Mint, Chilli, Tomato
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1) PVC pipe 20ft – 30-inch Ø
2) PVC pipe 20ft – 1-inch Ø
3) L bend – 1inch Ø
4) T bend – 1-inch Ø
5) Drilling machine
6) End Cap – 2-inch Ø
7) Clamps and Screws
8) Water pump – 12 Volts and Green Net/ Mesh
MATERIALS

8. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
In order to analyze the nutrient contents and parameters, a test of nutrient solution was conducted in laboratory
in which Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Ion and NPK concentration,
Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Total Suspended Solids (TSS), pH, Electrical conductivity (EC) were tested, and
the results are as follows
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SL. NO PARAMETER @27Oc UNITS RESULTS
LAB STANDARDS
1 BOD (5 Days) mg/L 256.5 250
2 COD mg/L 644 530
3 pH -- 5.20 5.5-6.3
4 Electrical Conductivity
(EC)
µS/cm 8200 2400-4500
5 Total Dissolved Solids
(TDS)
mg/L 4800 600-1000
6 Nitrogen (N) mg/L 22.6
7:9:5
7 Phosphate (P) mg/L 3.06
8 Pottasium (K) mg/L 2.14

9. GROWTH ANALYSIS
Mint was implanted in Hydroponic system on 27/04/2022 which had a root length of 3-inch. It is
submerged into the system up to 2-inch of its stem length. After 1-2 weeks, a greater number of roots
were germinated and it had 6 leaves at first and after, about 14-15 days in hydroponics condition grown
and had 16 leaves as shown below table.
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Days Temperature
(°C)
Quantity Supplied
(mL)
Plant Details (Mint)
No. of
Leaves
Root
Length
(cm)
Stem
Height(cm)
Organic
Liquid
Fertilizer
Water
1 32 1000 5000 6 4.6 5.6
14 34 1000 5000 16 8.8 14.3
26 28 1000 5000 23 17 22.4
41 25 1000 5000 31 21 28
55 27 1000 5000 39 27 33
72 22 1000 5000 89 34 42

10. TOMATO & CHILLI
Days Temperature
(°C)
Quantity
Supplied(mL)
Plant Details (Tomato)
No. of
Leaves
Root
Length
(cm)
Stem
Height(cm)
Organic
Liquid
Fertilizer
Water
1 26 1000 5000 19 5.2 12.2
14 25 1000 5000 31 10.6 21.5
23 23 1000 5000 36 13.2 27.1
37 29 1000 5000 44 16.1 32.7
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Days Temperature
(°C)
Quantity Supplied
(mL)
Plant Details (Chilli)
No. of
Leaves
Root
Length
(cm)
Stem
Height(cm)
Organic
Liquid
Fertilizer
Water
1 32 1000 5000 8 5.2 8.1
14 34 1000 5000 8 8.2 11.3
26 28 1000 5000 8 10.7 15
41 25 1000 5000 9 12.1 19.2
46 27 1000 5000 9 14 24.5
72 22 1000 5000 No Growth
84 28 1000 5000

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12. Growth Comparison of Mint, Tomato,and
Chilli
 The response of the mint and tomato was great as compared to the chilli. Mint in soil culture may have its
growth period or the maturity period of 90 days approximately, we achieved it in 70-72 days from the time
of implantation.
 The mint sapling responded very well when it was implanted into the hydroponic condition. It had total 84
leaves, root length 34cm, and the stem height of 32cm and was cultivated at the last stage on day 72.
 Simultaneously Tomato has also shown growth with 44 leaves, root length of about 16.1 cm, and stem
height of 32.7 cm on day 50. But the chilli has shown a very slow growth as compared to the other two
types of plants and it has a stem height of 24.5cm and root length of 14 cm as on day 46, here after the chilli
has neither shown the growth further nor it shriveled due to lesser amount of nutrients i.e., NPK in the
nutrient solution.
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13. PERFORMANCE TEST OF NFT
 In this research work, kitchen waste was converted to liquid fertilizer and was used as nutrient solution
which was circulated in NFT system to fertigate the plants.
 Performance of NFT technique was checked by quantity of water consumed by the plants for every 12-
14 days. The nutrients were absorbed by plants completely and it will be left with water.
 The water was not discarded instead circulated in NFT system and water level was maintained by
adding water to the tank with more nutrient solution and used over again to conserve water.
 Physical parameter of plants were also analyzed for every 12-14 days by recording the parameters such
as height, number of leaves, steam thickness, number of fruits after transferring the plants into NFT
system
 The above process was repeated for every 7days to check the nutrient absorption by plants and water
conservation until the yield was obtained (Fruit)
 The algae growth was observed on 26 days.
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14. CONCLUSION
Kitchen waste is used as a source of organic nutrient solution to grow plants in hydroponics, which was a
challenge as compared to the inorganic fertilizers used widely across the world. This organic farming can grow
the healthiest crops as well as yield a huge profit, hydroponics is the future of farming.
The performance of NFT used in this research work was excellent and economical achieving, harvesting with a
high percentage of nutrient absorption from kitchen waste-based nutrient solution.
Mint, Tomato are grown successfully.The average stem height and thickness were 33.01cm and 0.6cm, and the
average root length was 21.3 cm respectively for a crop duration of 56 days.
It is found that the kitchen waste which used to be dumped into garbage trucks or bins before can now be used
efficiently as a source of nutrition for the production of household vegetation.
The reduction of municipal waste can only be possible when the people of the region or the particular area are
encouraged to practice household vegetation using this method
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15. FUTURE SCOPE
This work can be further developed using sensors and controllers which can save
energy/power consumed for pumping of water and liquid nutrient solution and also for timely
and controlled nutrition to the plant.
Kitchen waste from commercial areas such as hotels, restaurants, and food courts can be
collected in mass quantity and can be used for vegetation, which can be a tremendous
economic opportunity.
Further, kitchen waste can be substituted by sewage water which also can be used as a nutrient
solution in a controlled environment.
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16. REFERENCES
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2. Jerusha, S., Anand, A. V., Adarsh, J., Chandra Kumar, K. R., & Vishnu Saravana Bharathi. (2021). Organic Hydroponic
Farming Incorporated with Recycles Water. In Journal of Physics: Conference Series (Vol. 1916, Issue 1, p. 012105). IOP
Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1916/1/012105
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Academia.edu. https://doi.org/10.20935/al1893
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17. THANK YOU
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