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PRESEN 
T
You are just a wheeled, self-powered motor vehicle used 
for transportation. Most definitions of the term specify that cars are 
designed to run primarily on roads, to have seating for one to eight 
people, to typically have four wheels, and to be constructed principally for 
the transport of people rather than goods.- 
Carth vader
Ferdinand 
Verbiest 
First working 
steam-powered 
vehicle 
Built around 
1672 
65-cm-long 
scale-model
Nicolas Joseph 
Cugnot 
First full-scale, 
self-propelled 
mechanical 
vehicle or 
automobile in 
about 1769
In 1879, Benz was 
granted a patent for 
his first engine, 
which had been 
designed in 1878.
Automobile 
Present
Vehicles in use per country from 
2001 to 2007. It shows the 
significant growth in BRIC. 
World map of passenger cars 
per 1000 people
Ford model T 1927
The Nissan Leaf is 
an all-Electric car 
launched in 
December 2012
Automobile Future
 uses electricity as main energy source
 Uses Fuel cell 
technology
 An airplane or aero plane (informally plane) is a powered, fixed-wing 
aircraft that is propelled forward by thrust from a jet engine or 
propeller. Airplanes come in a variety of sizes, shapes, 
and wing configurations. The broad spectrum of uses for airplanes 
includes recreation, transportation of goods and people, military, and 
research. Most airplanes are flown by a pilot on board the aircraft, but 
some are designed to be remotely or computer-controlled.
9th century ABN IBN 
FIRNAS 
11th Century 
Monk elmer of 
Malmesbury
 Wright Flyer III was capable of fully 
controllable, stable flight for substantial 
periods.
 The first 'operational' jet aircraft was the 
German Heinkel He 178, which was 
tested in 1939.
1.. Propeller Engines 
An Antonov An-2 biplane 
2.. Jet Engines 
The Concorde supersonic 
transport aircraft
 3. Electric Engines 4. Rocket engines
Airframe 
An IAI Heron - an unmanned 
aerial vehicle with a twin-boom 
configuration 
The An-225 Mriya, 
which can carry a 
250-tonne 
payload, has two 
vertical stabilisers.
Wing structire 
Captured Morane- 
Saulnier L wire-braced 
parasol 
monoplane 
Wing configuration 
Dassault Mirage 
G prototypes,with 
wings swept
Fuselage 
Connection of Body to Wing 
1) Flying Wing 
The US-produced B-2 Spirit is a strategic 
bomber. It has a flying wing configuration and 
is capable of intercontinental missions
2) Blended Wing 
Body 
3) Lifting Body 
Computer-generated model of 
the Boeing X-48 
Computer-generated model of 
the Boeing X-48
 4) Empennage And Foreplane
 e) Controls And Instruments 
f) Safety
 Manned Aero plane that is powered solely by 
Solar energy. 
 Capable sustaining flight day and night.
Mechanized 
agriculture is the 
process of 
using agricultural 
machinery to mechaniz 
e the work 
of agriculture, greatly 
increasing farm 
worker productivity. In 
modern times, powered 
machinery has replaced 
many jobs formerly 
carried out by men or 
animals such as oxen , 
horses and mules.
A mechanical seed spacing and depth placing 
device that increased crop yields and saved seed
 Steam power was 
applied to threshing 
machines in the late 
19th century. There 
were steam engines 
that moved around on 
wheels under their 
own power for 
supplying temporary 
power to stationary 
threshing machines. 
These were 
called road engines.
Mechanized Agriculture 
Present
 A cotton picker at work. The first successful 
models were introduced in the mid-1940s and 
each could do the work of 50 hand pickers.
1. Asparagus Harvesting 
2. Chile Pepper Harvesting 
3. Orange Harvesting 
4. Raisin Harvesting 
5. Strawberry Harvesting 
6. Tomato Harvesting
Air conditioning (often referred to 
as A/C, AC or aircon) is the process of altering the 
properties of air (primarily temperature 
and humidity) to more comfortable conditions, 
typically with the aim of distributing the conditioned 
air to an occupied space to improve thermal 
comfort and indoor air quality.
The 2nd-century Chinese 
inventor Ding Huan of 
the Han Dynasty invented 
a rotary fan for air 
conditioning, with seven 
wheels 3 m (9.8 ft) in 
diameter and manually 
powered.
In 1902, the first 
modern electrical 
air conditioning 
unit 
was invented by 
Willis 
Carrier in Buffalo, 
New York
Window unit inside a room 
Air conditioning units 
outside a building
 1. Refrigeraation 
 Cycle 
2. Heat Pump
 3. Evaporative Cooling 4. Free Cooling
 Refrigeration is a 
process in which work 
is done to 
move heat from one 
location to another. 
The work of heat 
transport is 
traditionally driven 
by mechanical work, 
but can also be driven 
by 
heat, magnetism, ele 
ctricity, laser, or other 
means.
ICE HARVESTING 
Before 1830, few Americans used ice to 
refrigerate foods due to a lack of ice-storehouses 
and iceboxes. As these two things 
became more widely available, individuals used 
axes and saws to harvest ice for their 
storehouses. This method proved to be difficult, 
dangerous, and certainly did not resemble 
anything that could be duplicated on a 
commercial scale.
B. Methods Of Refrigeration 
1. Non-cyclic 
Refrigeration 
2. Cyclic 
Refrigeration
a) Vapor Cycle 
1) Vapor-compression 
Cycle 
2) Vapor-absorption 
Cycle 
Vapor compression refrigeration Temperature–Entropy diagram
4. Thermoelectric 
3. Gas Cycle Refrigeration
5. Magnetic Refrigeration
Materials science, also commonly 
known as materials science and engineering, 
is an interdisciplinary field which deals with 
the discovery and design of new materials. 
Though it is a relatively new scientific field 
that involves studying materials through the 
materials paradigm (synthesis, structure, 
properties and performance), its intellectual 
origins reach back to the emerging fields of 
chemistry, mineralogy and engineering 
during the Enlightenment.
VI. Material 
Science
 Graphene. It is a one-carbon 
atom thick. It is 
like a paper sheet of 
carbon. Because of its 
unique composition and 
structure it also has 
some unique 
characteristics and 
because it is unique it 
means some of these 
characteristics only 
belong to graphene. It 
has many traits that are 
individually if not 
partially utilized in 
different areas of 
engineering

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Oreooo

  • 2.
  • 3.
  • 4.
  • 5. You are just a wheeled, self-powered motor vehicle used for transportation. Most definitions of the term specify that cars are designed to run primarily on roads, to have seating for one to eight people, to typically have four wheels, and to be constructed principally for the transport of people rather than goods.- Carth vader
  • 6. Ferdinand Verbiest First working steam-powered vehicle Built around 1672 65-cm-long scale-model
  • 7. Nicolas Joseph Cugnot First full-scale, self-propelled mechanical vehicle or automobile in about 1769
  • 8. In 1879, Benz was granted a patent for his first engine, which had been designed in 1878.
  • 10. Vehicles in use per country from 2001 to 2007. It shows the significant growth in BRIC. World map of passenger cars per 1000 people
  • 11. Ford model T 1927
  • 12.
  • 13. The Nissan Leaf is an all-Electric car launched in December 2012
  • 15.  uses electricity as main energy source
  • 16.  Uses Fuel cell technology
  • 17.
  • 18.
  • 19.
  • 20.
  • 21.  An airplane or aero plane (informally plane) is a powered, fixed-wing aircraft that is propelled forward by thrust from a jet engine or propeller. Airplanes come in a variety of sizes, shapes, and wing configurations. The broad spectrum of uses for airplanes includes recreation, transportation of goods and people, military, and research. Most airplanes are flown by a pilot on board the aircraft, but some are designed to be remotely or computer-controlled.
  • 22. 9th century ABN IBN FIRNAS 11th Century Monk elmer of Malmesbury
  • 23.
  • 24.  Wright Flyer III was capable of fully controllable, stable flight for substantial periods.
  • 25.  The first 'operational' jet aircraft was the German Heinkel He 178, which was tested in 1939.
  • 26.
  • 27. 1.. Propeller Engines An Antonov An-2 biplane 2.. Jet Engines The Concorde supersonic transport aircraft
  • 28.  3. Electric Engines 4. Rocket engines
  • 29. Airframe An IAI Heron - an unmanned aerial vehicle with a twin-boom configuration The An-225 Mriya, which can carry a 250-tonne payload, has two vertical stabilisers.
  • 30. Wing structire Captured Morane- Saulnier L wire-braced parasol monoplane Wing configuration Dassault Mirage G prototypes,with wings swept
  • 31. Fuselage Connection of Body to Wing 1) Flying Wing The US-produced B-2 Spirit is a strategic bomber. It has a flying wing configuration and is capable of intercontinental missions
  • 32. 2) Blended Wing Body 3) Lifting Body Computer-generated model of the Boeing X-48 Computer-generated model of the Boeing X-48
  • 33.  4) Empennage And Foreplane
  • 34.  e) Controls And Instruments f) Safety
  • 35.
  • 36.
  • 37.  Manned Aero plane that is powered solely by Solar energy.  Capable sustaining flight day and night.
  • 38.
  • 39. Mechanized agriculture is the process of using agricultural machinery to mechaniz e the work of agriculture, greatly increasing farm worker productivity. In modern times, powered machinery has replaced many jobs formerly carried out by men or animals such as oxen , horses and mules.
  • 40. A mechanical seed spacing and depth placing device that increased crop yields and saved seed
  • 41.  Steam power was applied to threshing machines in the late 19th century. There were steam engines that moved around on wheels under their own power for supplying temporary power to stationary threshing machines. These were called road engines.
  • 43.  A cotton picker at work. The first successful models were introduced in the mid-1940s and each could do the work of 50 hand pickers.
  • 44. 1. Asparagus Harvesting 2. Chile Pepper Harvesting 3. Orange Harvesting 4. Raisin Harvesting 5. Strawberry Harvesting 6. Tomato Harvesting
  • 45.
  • 46.
  • 47. Air conditioning (often referred to as A/C, AC or aircon) is the process of altering the properties of air (primarily temperature and humidity) to more comfortable conditions, typically with the aim of distributing the conditioned air to an occupied space to improve thermal comfort and indoor air quality.
  • 48. The 2nd-century Chinese inventor Ding Huan of the Han Dynasty invented a rotary fan for air conditioning, with seven wheels 3 m (9.8 ft) in diameter and manually powered.
  • 49. In 1902, the first modern electrical air conditioning unit was invented by Willis Carrier in Buffalo, New York
  • 50.
  • 51.
  • 52. Window unit inside a room Air conditioning units outside a building
  • 53.  1. Refrigeraation  Cycle 2. Heat Pump
  • 54.  3. Evaporative Cooling 4. Free Cooling
  • 55.
  • 56.
  • 57.
  • 58.
  • 59.  Refrigeration is a process in which work is done to move heat from one location to another. The work of heat transport is traditionally driven by mechanical work, but can also be driven by heat, magnetism, ele ctricity, laser, or other means.
  • 60. ICE HARVESTING Before 1830, few Americans used ice to refrigerate foods due to a lack of ice-storehouses and iceboxes. As these two things became more widely available, individuals used axes and saws to harvest ice for their storehouses. This method proved to be difficult, dangerous, and certainly did not resemble anything that could be duplicated on a commercial scale.
  • 61.
  • 62. B. Methods Of Refrigeration 1. Non-cyclic Refrigeration 2. Cyclic Refrigeration
  • 63. a) Vapor Cycle 1) Vapor-compression Cycle 2) Vapor-absorption Cycle Vapor compression refrigeration Temperature–Entropy diagram
  • 64. 4. Thermoelectric 3. Gas Cycle Refrigeration
  • 66.
  • 67.
  • 68. Materials science, also commonly known as materials science and engineering, is an interdisciplinary field which deals with the discovery and design of new materials. Though it is a relatively new scientific field that involves studying materials through the materials paradigm (synthesis, structure, properties and performance), its intellectual origins reach back to the emerging fields of chemistry, mineralogy and engineering during the Enlightenment.
  • 69.
  • 70.
  • 72.
  • 73.  Graphene. It is a one-carbon atom thick. It is like a paper sheet of carbon. Because of its unique composition and structure it also has some unique characteristics and because it is unique it means some of these characteristics only belong to graphene. It has many traits that are individually if not partially utilized in different areas of engineering