The Wright brothers, Orville and Wilbur, were pioneers of aviation who achieved the first controlled, powered and sustained heavier-than-air human flight. After years of research and experimentation with gliders, by December 1903 they had developed flying machines that could take off, fly, and land safely with an operator aboard. On December 17, 1903, near Kitty Hawk, North Carolina, Orville piloted the Wright Flyer which achieved the first successful controlled, powered flight in a heavier-than-air aircraft, staying aloft for 12 seconds on a 120-foot flight. This achievement by the Wright brothers is recognized as the first controlled, powered and sustained heavier-than-air human flight and marked the

1. Airplanes
By: Vincent

2. The first airplane was built by Orville and Wilbur Wright, after
long and hardworking years of scientific research and hard work.
The Wright brothers were two men who didn’t have much, but they
had lots of intelligence and determination.

3. Wright Brothers
Wilbur Wright was born on 1867 and Orville Wright was born
on 1871, their parents were Milton and Susan Wright. It was their
father Milton Wright who started the brother’s interest in gliders.
The brothers’ studied hard, trying to for fill their dream to make a
flying machine, and in 1878 Milton Wright created a rubber band
powered helicopter. The Wright brothers immediately studied the
model helicopter and started building replicas only at the age of 11
and 7.

4. Control
Around 1896, when the Wright brothers were managing their
bike company, they read newspapers containing many stories about
the invention of gliders. This made the brothers think about
airplanes and gliders, and they noticed that most of the aircrafts
made, lacked controls. Wilbur Wright wrote a letter to the
Smithsonian Company requesting for all the information on the
attempted flights they had. In 1899 the Wright brothers developed
a simple system to move the wings of a plane. That mean a plane
could be controlled left and right.

5. Wing shape
They tried this system on many of the gliders they
developed. In 1900, and 1901 the lunched two gliders, but they
were not happy with the lack of elevation and control. The brothers
had no choice but to go back to the drawing board, and they spent
the winter of 1901-1902 designing and conducting experiments to
find out the best shape of a wing. This let them to create a glider
with plenty of elevation and control. Near the end of 1902 they
tested their third glider, it had lots of control but still didn’t have
too much elevation.

6. First Flight
The next winter the brothers were designing a gasoline engine
small and powerful enough to move an aircraft. Their mechanic
Charlie Taylor, he was very helpful in designing the engine. They
also created the first airplane with propellers and they finally built a
new, type of aircraft. They unexpectedly they found themselves
competing with Samuel Langley, the Secretary of the Smithsonian
company. He had also built an engine powered aircraft and had the
money funding him to help his work. Luckily for the Wright
brothers, Langley’s two attempts at launching his airplane failed
miserably, and put him out of the competition. After two
unsuccessful attempts, the Wright brothers made history on
December 17th, 1903. Orville Wright took the Flyer for a 12 second
flight for 120 feet. In the next few tries the brothers made the 4th
flight the longest of which was 852 feet.

7. First Airplane

8. Airplane usage
In World War 2 there were all types of airplane, fighters,
bombers, transporters etc. Airplanes were used for the whole war,
and over 150 000 airplanes were built. All the aircrafts had to be
upgraded, putting many jobs in the war. Now airplanes are used
mostly for transportation.

9. Modern Airplane:
The Boeing 747 is a giant air craft holding 500 to 600 people
weighing almost 870 000 pounds at takeoff. Amazingly it goes the
runway, and flies of into the air, and it can go 7000 mile without
stopping. The first Boeing 747 was built in the 1960’s almost twice
and a half times as big as the Boeing 707 a smaller faster airplane.
The four engine jumbo jet was the first wide body ever built. The
costs of the Boeing 747 are 24million for the oldest version,
39million for the second model, 83million for the third model,
250million for the forth model and a huge 290million for the newest
Boeing 747. The Boeing 747 is 17feet wide 13.5feet high and
100feet long.

10. Jet stream
Do you ever feel like that when you are flying somewhere, going
back takes longer that the other or vice versa? It is because one way usually
does takes longer than the other, because the jet stream. The jet stream is a
constant flow of air about 10km high in the air usually flowing west to east.
The strongest jet stream is the polar jets, and the somewhat weaker one is
the subtropical jets. Jet stream are created by the earth’s rotation and the
atmosphere heating up. The jet stream is about 2000km long and 3km in
width, the polar jet stream goes almost 500km and hour. Since the jet
stream goes so fast, airplanes need to go with the jet stream, not against it
unless it is a short flight. Some weather people use the jet stream as aid for
telling weather and temperature.

11. Bibliography
First airplane picture-http://ligress.files.wordpress.com/2009/03/airplane2.jpg
Wright Brothers-http://faculty.etsu.edu/gardnerr/wright-brothers/brothers.jpg
Rubber band Helicopter-http://wings.avkids.com/Book/Wright/Images/WrightHeloVert_lg.jpg
Glider diagram N1-http://www.xtusa.com/images/OldGliderLike.gif
Wing shape-http://www.old-picture.com/wright-brothers/pictures/Wilbur-Wright-Flying-in-Glider-001.jpg
First airplane-http://cache1.asset-
cache.net/xc/2664999.jpg?v=1&c=IWSAsset&k=2&d=45B0EB3381F7834D09B790292B61C20FC3CC707E9F432D2C8D143FD
4AE7FC81B
Diagram-
http://www.google.ca/imgres?imgurl=http://www.jodypaul.com/SWE/LCM/waterfall.gif&imgrefurl=http://model7126.net/s
parkle-model-
pics.html&usg=__PMET_enTanglPHkqRHmsPmHUYKY=&h=374&w=364&sz=5&hl=en&start=6&zoom=1&um=1&itbs=1&tbni
d=bFESf9Zmlew8pM:&tbnh=122&tbnw=119&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dwright%2Bold%2Bgliders%2Bdiagram%26um%3D1%2
6hl%3Den%26rlz%3D1R2DACA_en-GBCA346%26tbs%3Disch:1
Boeing 747-
Jet stream-

12. More Bibliography
-http://www.thehistoryofairplanes.com/
-http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aircraft
-http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wright_brothers
-http://gardenofpraise.com/ibdwrigh.htm
-http://library.thinkquest.org/J002039F/modern_airplane.htm