Samples of Competitive Examination Questions: Part XXXXXIIAli I. Al-Mosawi
كتاب (نماذج أسئلة الإمتحان التنافسي/ إعداد علي إبراهيم الموسوي)
الجزء الثاني والخمسون:
ماجستير علوم حياة كلية العلوم جامعة بغداد ... دكتوراه علوم حياة/ أحياء مجهرية كلية العلوم جامعة بغداد ... دكتوراه علوم حياة/ نبات كلية العلوم جامعة بغداد ... دكتوراه علوم حياة/ حيوان كلية العلوم جامعة بغداد ... دكتوراه علوم حياة/ بيئة كلية العلوم جامعة بغداد.
Samples of Competitive Examination Questions: Part XXXXXIIAli I. Al-Mosawi
كتاب (نماذج أسئلة الإمتحان التنافسي/ إعداد علي إبراهيم الموسوي)
الجزء الثاني والخمسون:
ماجستير علوم حياة كلية العلوم جامعة بغداد ... دكتوراه علوم حياة/ أحياء مجهرية كلية العلوم جامعة بغداد ... دكتوراه علوم حياة/ نبات كلية العلوم جامعة بغداد ... دكتوراه علوم حياة/ حيوان كلية العلوم جامعة بغداد ... دكتوراه علوم حياة/ بيئة كلية العلوم جامعة بغداد.
The ORCID API enables organizations to integrate ORCID identifiers into their systems and workflows. It features a public API for basic authentication and data retrieval, as well as member APIs that allow adding, updating, and connecting data to ORCID records. Organizations can collect ORCID IDs through their systems and connect reviews, publications, and other information to researchers' ORCID profiles. The ORCID API supports various integration methods like vendor system connections or custom developments.
This document summarizes ORCID's activities in 2017, including:
- ORCID's vision of uniquely identifying all researchers and connecting them to their contributions across disciplines.
- An overview of ORCID's board, staff, members and integrations worldwide, with a focus on growth in Europe, Americas, and Asia.
- Key 2016 milestones like the publisher open letter, API improvements, and new features like Collect & Connect and the Trust Program.
- Financial details showing progress towards self-sufficiency from membership fees.
- An outline of the 2017 nominations process for new board members.
The document discusses how to integrate with the ORCID API. It describes the features of the public, member, and premium member APIs. It provides examples of connecting systems like manuscript submission systems and CRIS systems to ORCID to collect and display researcher IDs. The document outlines the OAuth workflow to authenticate users and connect data to their ORCID records using the API, and resources for learning more about synchronization and custom integrations.
ORCID: connecting research and researchersNobuko Miyairi
The document discusses ORCID, a non-profit organization that provides unique identifiers for researchers and links to other identification systems to solve name ambiguity. It notes that over 2 million researchers have registered for an ORCID identifier. ORCID is supported by institutional members and allows researchers to create and maintain their own record free of charge. The document outlines how ORCID identifiers are being integrated by publishers, funders, universities and other organizations to identify and connect researchers to their work and affiliations.
The document discusses ORCID, a non-profit organization that provides unique identifiers for researchers and links to other identification systems. It aims to solve name ambiguity in scholarly research. ORCID creates a central registry for researchers to generate identifiers and connect their works. Researchers can freely create and manage their ORCID profile and choose privacy settings. The organization has over 2 million registered researchers and 400 member organizations. It helps integrate identification into research workflows and reduce reporting burdens.
ORCID is a non-profit organization that provides researchers with unique identifiers to disambiguate their names and link their works. It is growing, with over 1.6 million researchers registered. ORCID connects different identification systems through its members and APIs, while allowing researchers to control their own records. New features like auto-updating from publishers to ORCID reduce reporting burdens. The presentation encourages researchers to register for an ORCID ID and integrate it into their workflows.
The document discusses the adoption of ORCID (Open Researcher and Contributor ID) in research workflows. It provides an overview of ORCID as a non-profit organization that assigns unique identifiers to individual researchers. Over 1.6 million researchers have already obtained an ORCID iD. The document outlines how ORCID is being integrated in systems used by publishers, scholarly societies, funders, universities and more to improve name disambiguation, track researchers' outputs and activities, and enable interoperability across research systems globally.
20130813 Nobuko Miyairi @ the 15th Fiesole collection development retreatNobuko Miyairi
This document discusses open access publishing trends in Asia. It finds that while open access mandates are still rare in Asia, publishers in the region are actively publishing open access journals. It also finds that authors in China and Japan are more receptive to open access publishing. Chinese authors in particular are more active open access publishers than Japanese authors. Authors in China and Japan believe that open access will increase citations and visibility of their work more than authors in the US and Europe.
4. WHAT IS ORCID?
• ORCIDは Open Researcher & Contributor ID の
略称です。
• 世界中の研究者に一意の識別子を付与することを目的
として、2010年8月に国際的・学際的な非営利団体とし
て正式に発足
• 2012年10月よりORCIDレジストリサービス開始
4
5. BEFORE
• First name
• Last name
• Middle name
• Transliteration
• By affiliation
• By field
• By journal
• By co-authors …
AFTER
5
WHY NAME DISAMBIGUATION?
6. ORCID IS A REGISTRY
• ORCIDは無料でオープンなレジストリとして、研究者
に付与された識別子を公開しています。
• 個人の研究者の登録は無料です。
• 大学、研究機関、研究助成団体、学協会、出版社など
のメンバーシップから活動資金を得ています。
• ORCIDメンバー機関は、APIを用いてORCIDレジスト
リと自機関の様々なシステムを連携させることが可能
です。
6
7. PERSISTENT IDENTIFIERS
The term "persistent identifier" is usually used
in the context of digital objects that are
accessible over the Internet. Typically, such
an identifier is not only persistent but
actionable: you can plug it into a web browser
and be taken to the identified source.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persistent_identifier
7
13. Researcher
university
Permissions to use
ORCID record
Register & Manage
ORCID record
• Basic information
• Name
• Email addresses
etc.
• Account settings
xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx
Employment:
XXX University
Source: XXX University
ORCID record
This researcher works at:
13
funder
This researcher was
awarded:
Funding:
YYY Foundation, Grant #123
Source: YYY Foundation
This researcher
contributed as:
Peer Review:
Journal ZZZ, vol. 45, 2016
Source: ZZZ Publishing
publisher
15. ORCID
• Open
• Managed by
researchers
+ ORCID community
Profile systems
• Proprietary & closed
• Managed by
researchers
themselves
15
ORCID IS NOT A PROFILE SYSTEM
28. ORCID @ FUNDERS
• 研究助成金の申請時にも、ORCIDが採用され始めています。
• 助成金を受け取った研究者のORCIDレコードには、助成元の機関
がその事実を記録=第三者による公的な証明となります。
•
28
• Request permission during grant application
• Collect identifier
• Display in internal systems
• Assert funding in ORCID record
• Information available to reuse in other systems
34. THE ORCID COMMUNITY
• すでに世界中で340万人以上の研究者がORCIDを利用し
ています。(2017年5月現在、最新情報はこちらを参照
https://orcid.org/statistics)
• 40カ国から650以上の機関がORCIDメンバーとして加入
しています。
• 10カ国以上でコンソーシアムが結成され、国・地域レベ
ルでの取り組みが始まっています。(UK, Denmark,
Finland, Netherlands, Belgium, Germany, Italy, Taiwan,
Australia, New Zealand, Canada and 4 regional consortia
in the US)
• 300以上のシステムがORCIDを採用し、出版社、大学・
研究機関、研究助成機関、学協会などにより提供されて
います。
34
35. Asia Pacific
15%
Europe
50%
Latin America
1%
Middle East & Africa
4%
North America
30%
Publisher/As
sociation
14%
Funder
3%
Government
2%
Repository/P
rofile Org
6%
Research
Institute
75%
COMMUNITY DISTRIBUTION
• ORCIDメンバーの75%が大学・研究機関です。
• 所属機関のサポートによって、研究者の入力負担は大幅に解消されると
ともに、研究者総覧などのリソースの効率的なアップデートが可能にな
ります。
•
36. HOLDERS (& MEMBERS) IN APAC
36
China 117,052 (3)
India 37,095 (1)
Japan 58,155 (10)
South Korea 32,271 (1)
Taiwan 17,197 (8)
Hong Kong 10,085 (8)
Malaysia 11,350 (1)
Singapore 7,184 (2)
Indonesia 7,138 (0)
Vietnam 2,054 (0)
Thailand 4,024 (0)
Philippines 2,198 (0)
Australia 58,550
(44)
New Zealand 8,378 (43)
ORCID holders by email domain as of Jan 2017
38. 38
CAUDIT (Council of Australian University Directors of Information Technology)
CAUL (Council of Australian University Librarians)
AAF (Australian Access Federation)
ARMS (Australasian Research Management Society)
ANDS (Australian National Data Service)
ARC (Australian Research Council)
NHMRC (National Health and Medical Research Council)
Universities Australia
41. 41
HEFCE REF IN UK
•
The UK research system should take full advantage of ORCID as its preferred
system of unique identifiers. ORCID should be mandatory for all researchers in
the next REF.
http://www.hefce.ac.uk/news/newsarchive/2015/Name,104464,en.html
43. 43
HORIZON 2020
Where possible, it is also recommended that
contributors be uniquely identifiable, and data
uniquely attributable, through identifiers which are
persistent, non-proprietary, open and interoperable
(e.g. through leveraging existing sustainable
initiatives such as ORCID for contributor identifiers
and DataCite for data identifiers).
“ ”
Guidelines on Open Access to Scientific Publications and Research Data in Horizon
2020 Version 1.0 11 December 2013
http://ec.europa.eu/research/participants/data/ref/h2020/grants_manual/hi/oa_pilo
t/h2020- hi-oa-pilot-guide_en.pdf
49. 参考
• Collect & Connect for publishing organizations
http://members.orcid.org/cc-publishers
• Support for ORCID in publishing systems
http://members.orcid.org/api/vendors/publisher-tools
• ORCID in Publication Workflows: A Step-by-Step Guide for
Publishers: Best Practice Guidelines for
Publishershttps://orcid.org/content/orcid-publication-workflows-
step-step-guide-publishers
• ORCID Journal Article Display Guidelines
https://orcid.org/content/journal-article-display-guidelines
• RSNA: Getting Started with ORCID in a Journals Production
Workflow https://doi.org/10.23640/07243.4981853.v1
• Journal Archiving and Interchange Tag Library NISO JATS Draft
Version 1.1d1 – Contributor Identifier
https://jats.nlm.nih.gov/archiving/tag-library/1.1d1/n-dsw0.html
49
50. TAG IN ARTICLE XML
JATS 1.0:
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes">
<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">
http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0120-1766
</contrib-id>
<string-name><Sara</given-names><x> </x><surname>
Zimmerman</surname></string-name>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
JATS 1.1:
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes">
<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid" authenticated="true">
http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0120-1766
</contrib-id>
<string-name><Sara</given-names><x> </x><surname>
Zimmerman</surname></string-name>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
ORCID metadata
@authenticated
attribute indicates
validated ORCID iD
50
RSNA: Getting Started with ORCID in a Journals Production Workflow
https://doi.org/10.23640/07243.4981853.v1
51. DISPLAY IN ONLINE ARTICLE
51
RSNA: Getting Started with ORCID in a Journals Production Workflow
https://doi.org/10.23640/07243.4981853.v1
52. DEPOSIT ORCID IDS IN CROSSREF
Benefit to the author: New publications automatically added to ORCID record
52
RSNA: Getting Started with ORCID in a Journals Production Workflow
https://doi.org/10.23640/07243.4981853.v1
53. • Project CRediT (Contributor Roles Taxonomy) is led by The
Wellcome Trust and Digital Science, facilitated by CASRAI
and NISO and supported by the Science Europe Scientific
Committee for the Life, Environmental and Geo Sciences.
• The project is developing and maintaining
recommendations for a science-oriented contributor role
taxonomy and its implementation.
•
53
PROJECT CREDIT
57. 57
THE PEER REVIEW SCAM
Ferguson, C., Marcus, A. & Oransky, I. Publishing: the peer-review scam.
Nature 515, 480 (2014).
58. In 2012, the Elsevier journal Optics & Laser Technology
retracted 11? papers after an unknown party gained access to
an editor's account and assigned papers to fake reviewer
accounts.
… to verify reviewers' identities, the system now integrates the
Open Researcher and Contributor ID (ORCID) at various points.
ORCID identifiers, unique numbers assigned to individual
researchers, are designed to track researchers through all of
their publications, even if they move institutions.
58
“ ”
Ferguson, C., Marcus, A. & Oransky, I. Publishing: the peer-review scam.
Nature 515, 480 (2014).