Samples of Competitive Examination Questions: Part XXXXXIIAli I. Al-Mosawi
كتاب (نماذج أسئلة الإمتحان التنافسي/ إعداد علي إبراهيم الموسوي)
الجزء الثاني والخمسون:
ماجستير علوم حياة كلية العلوم جامعة بغداد ... دكتوراه علوم حياة/ أحياء مجهرية كلية العلوم جامعة بغداد ... دكتوراه علوم حياة/ نبات كلية العلوم جامعة بغداد ... دكتوراه علوم حياة/ حيوان كلية العلوم جامعة بغداد ... دكتوراه علوم حياة/ بيئة كلية العلوم جامعة بغداد.
Samples of Competitive Examination Questions: Part XXXXXIIAli I. Al-Mosawi
كتاب (نماذج أسئلة الإمتحان التنافسي/ إعداد علي إبراهيم الموسوي)
الجزء الثاني والخمسون:
ماجستير علوم حياة كلية العلوم جامعة بغداد ... دكتوراه علوم حياة/ أحياء مجهرية كلية العلوم جامعة بغداد ... دكتوراه علوم حياة/ نبات كلية العلوم جامعة بغداد ... دكتوراه علوم حياة/ حيوان كلية العلوم جامعة بغداد ... دكتوراه علوم حياة/ بيئة كلية العلوم جامعة بغداد.
The ORCID API enables organizations to integrate ORCID identifiers into their systems and workflows. It features a public API for basic authentication and data retrieval, as well as member APIs that allow adding, updating, and connecting data to ORCID records. Organizations can collect ORCID IDs through their systems and connect reviews, publications, and other information to researchers' ORCID profiles. The ORCID API supports various integration methods like vendor system connections or custom developments.
This document summarizes ORCID's activities in 2017, including:
- ORCID's vision of uniquely identifying all researchers and connecting them to their contributions across disciplines.
- An overview of ORCID's board, staff, members and integrations worldwide, with a focus on growth in Europe, Americas, and Asia.
- Key 2016 milestones like the publisher open letter, API improvements, and new features like Collect & Connect and the Trust Program.
- Financial details showing progress towards self-sufficiency from membership fees.
- An outline of the 2017 nominations process for new board members.
The document discusses how to integrate with the ORCID API. It describes the features of the public, member, and premium member APIs. It provides examples of connecting systems like manuscript submission systems and CRIS systems to ORCID to collect and display researcher IDs. The document outlines the OAuth workflow to authenticate users and connect data to their ORCID records using the API, and resources for learning more about synchronization and custom integrations.
ORCID: connecting research and researchersNobuko Miyairi
The document discusses ORCID, a non-profit organization that provides unique identifiers for researchers and links to other identification systems to solve name ambiguity. It notes that over 2 million researchers have registered for an ORCID identifier. ORCID is supported by institutional members and allows researchers to create and maintain their own record free of charge. The document outlines how ORCID identifiers are being integrated by publishers, funders, universities and other organizations to identify and connect researchers to their work and affiliations.
The document discusses ORCID, a non-profit organization that provides unique identifiers for researchers and links to other identification systems. It aims to solve name ambiguity in scholarly research. ORCID creates a central registry for researchers to generate identifiers and connect their works. Researchers can freely create and manage their ORCID profile and choose privacy settings. The organization has over 2 million registered researchers and 400 member organizations. It helps integrate identification into research workflows and reduce reporting burdens.
ORCID is a non-profit organization that provides researchers with unique identifiers to disambiguate their names and link their works. It is growing, with over 1.6 million researchers registered. ORCID connects different identification systems through its members and APIs, while allowing researchers to control their own records. New features like auto-updating from publishers to ORCID reduce reporting burdens. The presentation encourages researchers to register for an ORCID ID and integrate it into their workflows.
The document discusses the adoption of ORCID (Open Researcher and Contributor ID) in research workflows. It provides an overview of ORCID as a non-profit organization that assigns unique identifiers to individual researchers. Over 1.6 million researchers have already obtained an ORCID iD. The document outlines how ORCID is being integrated in systems used by publishers, scholarly societies, funders, universities and more to improve name disambiguation, track researchers' outputs and activities, and enable interoperability across research systems globally.
20130813 Nobuko Miyairi @ the 15th Fiesole collection development retreatNobuko Miyairi
This document discusses open access publishing trends in Asia. It finds that while open access mandates are still rare in Asia, publishers in the region are actively publishing open access journals. It also finds that authors in China and Japan are more receptive to open access publishing. Chinese authors in particular are more active open access publishers than Japanese authors. Authors in China and Japan believe that open access will increase citations and visibility of their work more than authors in the US and Europe.
3. AGENDA
• ORCID概要(学協会におけるORCID活用の
意義) by Nobuko Miyairi, Regional Director,
Asia Pacific
• ORCID API and integrations Q&A by Alainna
Wrigley, Senior Community Support
Specialist, Asia Pacific
• プレゼンテーションは英語で行いますが、必要に
応じて宮入が逐次通訳いたします
• 参加者による意見交換
3
5. WHAT IS ORCID?
• ORCIDは Open Researcher & Contributor ID の
略称です。
• 世界中の研究者に一意の識別子を付与することを目的
として、2010年8月に国際的・学際的な非営利団体とし
て正式に発足
• 2012年10月よりORCIDレジストリサービス開始
5
7. ORCID’S VISION IS A WORLD WHERE ALL WHO
PARTICIPATE IN RESEARCH, SCHOLARSHIP, AND
INNOVATION ARE UNIQUELY IDENTIFIED AND
CONNECTED TO THEIR CONTRIBUTIONS AND
AFFILIATIONS ACROSS TIME, DISCIPLINES, AND
BORDERS.
7
10. PERSISTENT IDENTIFIERS
The term "persistent identifier" is usually used
in the context of digital objects that are
accessible over the Internet. Typically, such
an identifier is not only persistent but
actionable: you can plug it into a web browser
and be taken to the identified source.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persistent_identifier
15. 15
In EuroPMC, clicking on the author name linked with his/her ORCID will show the researcher
profile with the number of publications & citations, and search results correctly.
16. 16
• The author Chengshu Wang
is often listed as Wang C in
his publications.
• He uses ORCID so he is
distinguished from other
Wang C in databases.
• His publications are
searchable by his ORCID
(not by name) in EuroPMC,
• … and links back to his
ORCID record to show his
bio, and more publications.
18. CORE PRINCIPLES OF ORCID
• Researcher control
• Community governance
• Openness
• Persistence
http://orcid.org/about/what-is-orcid/principles
18
19. BEFORE
• First name
• Last name
• Middle name
• Transliteration
• By affiliation
• By field
• By journal
• By co-authors …
AFTER
19
WHY NAME DISAMBIGUATION?
20. ORCID IS A REGISTRY
• ORCIDは無料でオープンなレジストリとして、研究者
に付与された識別子を公開しています。
• 個人の研究者の登録は無料です。
• 大学、研究機関、研究助成団体、学協会、出版社など
のメンバーシップから活動資金を得ています。
• ORCIDメンバー機関は、APIを用いてORCIDレジスト
リと自機関の様々なシステムを連携させることが可能
です。
orcid.org 20
21. 21
Researchers can
• create, edit and
maintain an
ORCID record
• for free of
charge
• control privacy
settings for every
item
24. Researcher
university
Permissions to use
ORCID record
Register & Manage
ORCID record
• Basic information
• Name
• Email addresses
etc.
• Account settings
xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx
Employment:
XXX University
Source: XXX University
ORCID record
This researcher works at:
24
funder
This researcher was
awarded:
Funding:
YYY Foundation, Grant #123
Source: YYY Foundation
This researcher
contributed as:
Peer Review:
Journal ZZZ, vol. 45, 2016
Source: ZZZ Publishing
publisher
25. Researcher
Register & Manage
ORCID record
• Basic information
• Name
• Email addresses
etc.
• Account settings
xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx
Employment:
XXX University
Source: me
ORCID record
25
Funding:
YYY Foundation, Grant #123
Source: me
Peer Review:
Journal ZZZ, vol. 23, 2016
Source: me
It’s another chore for researchers
unless your system is connected.
26. ORCID
• Open
• Managed by
researchers
+ ORCID community
Profile systems
• Proprietary & closed
• Managed by
researchers
themselves
26
ORCID IS NOT A PROFILE SYSTEM
29. 29
ORCID IS A HUB
リポジトリ
研究助成
団体
大学・
研究機関
学会
その他の
ID
システム
出版社
ISNI
Researcher ID
Scopus Author ID
Internal identifiers
FundRefID
GrantID
Faculty database
Appraisal system
Member ID
Abstract ID
DOI
URI
Thesis ID
DOI
ISBN他の様々な識別子と
リンクすることにより、
ORCIDは研究者と、
様々な業績やアウト
プットを正しく結びつ
けます。
• 機械可読性
(machine-
readable)
• 相互運用性
(interoperability)
31. 31
ORCID AUTHORIZATION
Submission systems can prompt
authors to log in with their
ORCID, and populate authors’
basic information (bio, email
address etc), and embed ORCID
iDs when the article is accepted.
41. 41
DOI HELPS TO DEDUPE
If a publication is pushed from more than one source, DOI can
help to de-duplicate in your ORCID record.
42. 42
CROSSREF FACILITATES
future publicationspast publications
Authors submit
manuscripts with their
ORCID; publishers inform
Crossref; Crossref auto-
update new publications
in authors’ ORCID
records.
Researchers can use
Crossref Metadata
Search and create links to
their past publications in
the ORCID.
47. ORCID @ FUNDERS
• 研究助成金の申請時にも、ORCIDが採用され始めています。
• 助成金を受け取った研究者のORCIDレコードには、助成元の機関
がその事実を記録=第三者による公的な証明となります。
•
47
• Request permission during grant application
• Collect identifier
• Display in internal systems
• Assert funding in ORCID record
• Information available to reuse in other systems
53. ORCID TODAY
• Over 3.2 million researchers
• 650+ members from 40 countries, including
national consortia in the UK, Denmark,
Finland, Netherlands, Belgium, Germany,
Italy, Taiwan, Australia, New Zealand and 4
regional consortia in the US
• Over 300 integrations with another 200 in
the pipeline
54. THE ORCID COMMUNITY
• すでに世界中で320万人以上の研究者がORCIDを
利用しています。
• 40カ国から650以上の機関がORCIDメンバーとし
て加入しています。
• うち10カ国ではコンソーシアムが結成され、国・
地域レベルでの取り組みが始まっています。(UK,
Denmark, Finland, Netherlands, Belgium,
Germany, Italy, Taiwan, Australia, New Zealand
and 4 regional consortia in the US)
• 300以上のシステムがORCIDを採用し、出版社、
大学・研究機関、研究助成機関、学協会などによ
り提供されています。
54
55. Asia Pacific
15%
Europe
50%
Latin America
1%
Middle East & Africa
4%
North America
30%
Publisher/As
sociation
14%
Funder
3%
Government
2%
Repository/P
rofile Org
6%
Research
Institute
75%
COMMUNITY DISTRIBUTION
• ORCIDメンバーの75%が大学・研究機関です。
• 所属機関のサポートによって、研究者の入力負担は大幅に解消されると
ともに、研究者総覧などのリソースの効率的なアップデートが可能にな
ります。
•
57. HOLDERS (& MEMBERS) IN APAC
57
China 117,052 (3)
India 37,095 (1)
Japan 58,155 (10)
South Korea 32,271 (1)
Taiwan 17,197 (8)
Hong Kong 10,085 (8)
Malaysia 11,350 (1)
Singapore 7,184 (2)
Indonesia 7,138 (0)
Vietnam 2,054 (0)
Thailand 4,024 (0)
Philippines 2,198 (0)
Australia 58,550
(44)
New Zealand 8,378 (43)
ORCID holders by email domain as of Jan 2017
58. NATIONAL RECOMMENDATIONS
• Austria: Funder requirement 2016
• Italy: National consortium 2015
• Finland: National recommendation 2015
• Australia: National recommendation 2015
• Denmark: University launch 2014
• Spain: Launched 2 consortia in 2014
• Portugal: Funder requirement 2013
• Sweden: National recommendation 2013
• UK: National recommendation 2013, pilot 2014,
consortium 2015
58
59. 59
HORIZON 2020
Where possible, it is also recommended that
contributors be uniquely identifiable, and data
uniquely attributable, through identifiers which are
persistent, non-proprietary, open and interoperable
(e.g. through leveraging existing sustainable
initiatives such as ORCID for contributor identifiers
and DataCite for data identifiers).
“ ”
Guidelines on Open Access to Scientific Publications and Research Data in Horizon
2020 Version 1.0 11 December 2013
http://ec.europa.eu/research/participants/data/ref/h2020/grants_manual/hi/oa_pilo
t/h2020- hi-oa-pilot-guide_en.pdf
62. 62
HEFCE REF IN UK
•
The UK research system should take full advantage of ORCID as its preferred
system of unique identifiers. ORCID should be mandatory for all researchers in
the next REF.
65. orcid.org 65
CAUDIT (Council of Australian University Directors of Information Technology)
CAUL (Council of Australian University Librarians)
AAF (Australian Access Federation)
ARMS (Australasian Research Management Society)
ANDS (Australian National Data Service)
ARC (Australian Research Council)
NHMRC (National Health and Medical Research Council)
Universities Australia
80. WE NEED YOUR SUPPORT!
• Researchers can save time if the
organizations they interact with become
ORCID members, connect iDs and their
publications, funding, and other research
activity records
• They need YOUR support to understand
• What is ORCID
• Why use ORCID
• How to make it easy
and spend LESS time on
admin process, and MORE
on research activities
80
81. PUBLIC AND MEMBER API
81
API Features
Public API
Freely
available to
anyone
• Sandbox test environment freely available
• Create: Facilitate creation of new ORCID records (via on-demand
process)
• Authenticate: Get a user’s authenticated ORCID iD
• Read (Public): Search/retrieve public data
• No personalized support
Member API
ORCID
member
organizations
All of above, and:
• Read (Limited): Search/retrieve “limited-access” data
• Add: Post new items to a record
• Update: Edit or delete items you previously added
• Personalized support, member newsletter, etc.
http://orcid.org/about/membership
89. Researcher
Permissions to update
ORCID record
• Basic information
• Name
• Email addresses
etc.
• Account settings
xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx
Work:
XXX Journal, vol. 1, 2017
Source: Crossref
ORCID record
89
Work:
YYY Journal, vol. 39, 2017
Source: Crossref
Work:
Journal ZZZ, vol. 45, 2016
Source: Crossref
university
ORCID Premium members can receive
the latest publications metadata when
added by Crossref.
This notification (webhook) is faster than any indexing services.
Register & Manage
ORCID record
Add new publications
automatically: