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1. What is
communication?

2. The communication
Communication is called a generally active and reciprocal process of
transmission of information and concepts, through an orderly system and a
physical channel for this purpose. All living beings communicate, but they do
not do it through the same method, nor with the same level of complexity.
Linguistic communication, for example, is exclusive to human beings.
Communication between living beings represents a very important aspect of
life, since this allows them a certain margin of social organization or
interactions.
For example, the female and the male communicate during courtship, insects
from the same hive to attack the common enemy, and the young that ask the
mother for food. In human hands, communication has reached unprecedented
levels, through artificial systems and codes, which allow it to overcome
distances and epochs, or develop extremely complex models of
understanding and organization
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3. How is the communication carried out?
In order for the communication process to take place, the aforementioned
elements must be available in optimal conditions. For example, the channel must
be clear, the code must be of mutual knowledge between the interlocutors and the
sender and the receiver must take turns in these roles, and can then exchange
them so that the communication is bidirectional. Like any process, communication
involves an investment of energy, time and effort, and usually occurs at a specific
time and location.
Communication barrier
Physical phenomena such as ambient noise can affect communication. The
barriers of communication are the different obstacles and difficulties that
may arise during the communicative process, and hinder its correct
culmination or distort the original message. These are physical (such as
environmental noise), anatomical (such as deafness of one of the
interlocutors) or social (such as poor code management by one or more of
the interlocutors), which jeopardize the effectiveness of the communication.
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Comunication elements
• The channel is the physical means by which the message is transmitted.
• The elements of communication are the following:
• Issuer. That individual or entity that initiates the transmission and coding
of the message.
•Receiver. That individual or entity that receives and decodes (interprets)
the message.
• Message. The informative content that you want to transmit, whatever the
type.
•Channel. The physical medium used for transmission: sound waves,
chemical messages, smoke signals, email, etc.
• Code. The "language" in which the message is encoded, that is, its
representation

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Communication Functions
The communication fulfills a series of functions depending on the proposed
objectives:
• Informative. Share objective information.
• Expressive. Manifest feelings or emotions.
• Formative. Influence the other and teach him things.
• Persuasive. Convince others to do something.
•Entertainment. For the mere pleasure of communicating

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Why is communication important?
To achieve a common goal, some kind of communication is necessary. Communication
is fundamental in human societies, whose legal, social, intimate, cultural or even
religious arrangements require the concert of two or more people.
Communication Sciences
The academic disciplines that focus their interest in the various forms of communication
are often called Communication Sciences. They are at the service of larger scientific
doctrines such as anthropology, social communication, psychology, sociology or
political science. In the vast and complex world of contemporary human
communications, this means the study of areas as seemingly disjointed as linguistics,
cinema, literature, advertising or discourse analysis.
How do you achieve effective communication?
Communication must be free of ambiguities and vagueness. An effective or efficient
communication requires the correct disposition of the elements that intervene in it, so
that the transmission of information occurs in the most transparent and transparent way
possible.

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Effective communication is characterized by
being:
• Clear and concise. Concrete, free of ambiguities and vagueness that hinder
the meaning.
• Finite and sequential. A communicative act that never ends, or manifests
itself in scraps, requiring the recipient an effort to bring the parties together,
will be little given to effectiveness.
• Intelligible. If the sender and receiver do not share the code, or any of them
is unable to crack it, the message will be lost along the way.
• Assertive communication techniques
• An assertive communication is one that is carried out consciously, actively
disposing of all the elements involved.
• The objective is not only to guarantee its clarity, but also the best possible
receptivity on the other side of the channel.

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Some tips in that regard are:
• Empalizar. Involve the recipient in the communicative act, appealing
to their sensitivity. This can range from looking into your eyes when
speaking, speaking with a kind tone, allowing interruptions and
helping with gestures.
• Be firm and linear. At the same time, the abandonment of the
communication should not be allowed, nor should it be transmitted to
the recipient that what is said is not important, so a firm tone is
recommended when speaking, without shouting, no abuse of
gestures, or wanderings.
• Be reciprocal. Allow the interventions of the other, not monopolize
their attention and respect the same rules of the speaker and listener.
• Choose the lexicon. Choose the words to use well, according to the
context in which we are and the reaction we expect from the
recipient.

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The main types of communication are:
• Verbal or linguistic communication. That which is produced through
the use of language, that is, of a system of signs that are words.
These signs represent ideas, objects or other referents of the
physical and mental universe of human beings, and can be
represented by articulated sounds.
•Non-verbal communication. All those forms of communication that
do not involve the word, such as gestures, facial expressions, body
expression, among others. When a dog shows another's teeth, he is
communicating an idea nonverbally.
• Mixed communication. All communicative forms that combine
verbal and non-verbal communication, as in comics, for example,
where words and forms are combined to convey a message.

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Importance of Voice
Even if you have clear and precise ideas about what you want to say, verbal
communication does not begin until you, the sender, get ready to speak in front of the
audience or specific group, who is preparing to listen to you and assumes before you
more or less expectant attitude. There is much reason to speak of a lecture, a speech or a
talk. It is without a doubt because in this phase of the communication a physical aspect is
involved and in a certain material form, constituted by the voice to be emitted, which
explains the importance of a good diction.
The Breath and the Voice
It is known that there is no specific voice producing mechanism. The tongue, the vocal
cords, for example, although they contribute to the formation of the voice, have other
functions.
The Bellows
Inside the thoracic box are the lungs, placed between the clavicles at the top, and the
diaphragm at the bottom. Muscles cause the ribs to rise and widen when we take an
inspiration; while when it is exhaled, the ribs descend and contract, raising the diaphragm
and leaving the air, so that only during the expiration the sound that represents the word
through the voice is emitted.

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The vibrator
The compressed air from the lungs travels through the trachea and passes to
the larynx, which is a kind of box located at the top of the first and formed by a
set of cartilages linked together, so that they can move like the joints of The
bones of the arm. Inside the larynx, extended between the cartilages, are the
vocal cords, where phonation originates.
The Resonators-Amplifiers
The vocal cords alone do not emit any sound, so they need resonance cavities,
just as the stringed instruments require their corresponding box. That very weak
sound, barely noticeable produced in the larynx by the vocal cords, has to pass
through some air chambers located in the throat and in the head, which act as
resonators.
These resonance cavities are: the upper part of the larynx, throat or pharynx,
mouth and nostrils.

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The Importance of Articulation
Being able to articulate words well means being able to pronounce each
consonant correctly. The vowels are sounds produced by the vibration of the
vocal cords, amplified by the resonators of the pharynx, mouth and nose, and
not appreciably modified by the organs of the joint. To articulate well requires
agents that are capable of modifying the sound produced by the voice
mechanism; These agents are the tongue, lips, teeth, jaw, palate and palatine
veil. These agents vary the size and shape of the oral cavity through their joint
movement, thus achieving tone quality. It is important to keep in mind that the
tongue is the organ that contributes most importantly in the clarity of the
sounds of the words because, although the mouth has the necessary opening,
the sounds produced cannot be modulated if the tongue remains inactive or
moves awkwardly The difference in vowel sounds depends, in part, on the
position of the tongue.

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Clarity or Sharpness
This is the first quality of the joint. Therefore, maximum transparency must be
achieved through the action of the lower jaw, tongue and lips. Only with the
agile and energetic use of the muscles that move these elements is that we will
obtain a well-defined diction. Generally, certain vicious habits that have not
been corrected in time are the cause of an imperfect diction. Although some
attribute it to the dictator's nervousness, this is not so, since the faulty diction is
also so when there is no reason or emotional state that justifies the state of
tension characteristic of nervousness. It is necessary for the person who speaks
in public to leave enough time so that each sound can be articulated correctly
and can be perceived clearly. It is necessary to speak slowly to articulate clearly
and once one has achieved the necessary flexibility of the jaw, tongue and lips,
then gradually increase the speed but keep calm so as not to pile up the sounds
of the words.