short fibres & neps creates big problem in yarn spinning. In this project i have worked on these two problem & practically learned the method to control the generation of sfcn & neps in blowroom & card machine.

1. Study of Behaviour of short fibres & Neps from
raw material to roving
VMT spinning mill Pvt.Ltd.
Project Guided by-
Mr. Vibhor Mangal ( Chief Manager VMT)
Mr. Bheem Raj Singh ( R & D Head VMT )
Mr. Rajesh Kumar ( VMT hall 2 head)
Submitted by-
Manish Kumar Negi
B.Tech ( Textile Engineering)
J.N.G.E.C Sundernagar

2. Introduction – Short fibre in spinning
➢Fibre length is the most important fibre characteristics , it influences:
• Yarn strength
• Yarn evenness
• Handle of product
• Yarn hairiness
➢Short fibre are those fibre which are less than half inch, they do not contribute
to the strength of yarn , but they increase the hairiness of the yarn &
adversely affect the appearance & good properties of the yarn & the fabrics
made out of them.
➢It is assumed that fibres of under 4-5 mm will be lost in proces7ing as fly &
waste,
➢Fibre upto 12.7 mm do not contribute to strength but increase bulkiness of
yarn & these fibres strength of yarn decreases & yarn breakage occur .
Study of Behaviour of Short fibres & Neps from raw material to Roving

3. Introduction - neps
• Neps are small entanglements or knots of fibres.
• Large proportion of neps in raw cotton are produced by plucking & hard
ginning , & nep counts is substantially increased in blowroom.
• Neps adversely affect the appearance of cotton yarns and fabric & also
usually associated with lower yarn strength, ends down in spinning and
less-uniform yarn.
• It negatively affects the appearance of dyed or printed fabrics.
Study of Behaviour of Short fibres & Neps from raw material to Roving

4. General ranges of SFC(N) % & neps (cnt/g) in Raw material
SFC by no. (%) Description
< 18 Very low
19-23 low
24-28 medium
29-33 High
>34 Very High
Neps (cnt/g) Description
<100 Very low
101-200 low
201-300 medium
301-450 High
>451 Very High
Study of Behaviour of Short fibres & Neps from raw material to Roving

5. • For this study , I have taken the samples from raw material to roving for AFIS test to check SFC(n) &
Neps(cnt/g) in various spinning stage-( Material -Mech-1 & S-6)
Sample is taken from -
• Laydown
• CL-P feed
• CL-P Delivery
• MPM8 feed
• MPM8 Delivery
• CL-C1 feed
• CL-C1 delivery
• Card DFK feed
• Card Delivery / SBD- 2 feed
• SBD-2 Delivery
• Comber Feed
• Comber Delivery / RSB-feed
• RSB delivery
• Roving
Study of Behaviour of Short fibres & Neps from raw material to Roving

6. Blowroom Stage SFC(n) % Neps (cnt/g)
Laydown 26.1 130
CL-P feed 24.7 129
CL-P delivery 24.1 223
MPM8 feed 26.8 150
MPM8 delivery 27.1 179
CL-P feed 26.6 228
CL-P Delivery 26.1 196
Machine Stages SFC(n) % Neps (cnt/g)
Card DFK feed 27.1 233
Card Delivery / SBD- 2 feed 30.2 72
SBD- 2 Delivery 27.6 64
Comber Drawbox feed 16.4 20
Comber Delivery / RSB- 2 feed 16.6 13
RSB Delivery 16.2 21
Roving 17.5 25
Study of Behaviour of Short fibres & Neps from raw material to Roving

7. Laydown
Fan
1
CL-P
Fan
2
MPM8
Neps = 223
SFC(N) = 24.1 %
Neps = 129
SFC(N) = 24.7
Neps = 130
SFC(N) = 26.1 %
Neps = 150
SFC(N) =26.8 %
Neps(cnt/g) & Short fibre % in various blowroom stages – (laydown to MPM8 feed)
Study of Behaviour of Short fibres & Neps from raw material to Roving

8. condenser CL-C1 Condenser
Neps = 179
SFC(N)= 27.1 %
Neps =228
SFC(N)=26.6%
MPM8
Neps = 196
SFC(N) =26.1 %
Neps = 185
SFC(N) =27.6 %
Neps(cnt/g) & Short fibre % in various blowroom stages – (MPM8 feed to Condenser)
Study of Behaviour of Short fibres & Neps from raw material to Roving

9. SBD-2 Comber
Neps = 233
SFC(N)= 27.1 %
Neps = 72
SFC(N)=30.2%
Card machine
Neps = 64
SFC(N) =27.6 %
Neps(cnt/g) & Short fibre % from Card feed to Comber Delivery-
Study of Behaviour of Short fibres & Neps from raw material to Roving
Fan

10. RSB Simplex
Neps = 13
SFC(N)=16.8%
Comber
Neps = 21
SFC(N) =16.2 %
Neps = 25
SFC(N) =17.5 %
Neps(cnt/g) & Short fibre % from Comber feed to Roving-
Study of Behaviour of Short fibres & Neps from raw material to Roving

11. Neps(cnt/gm) in Blowroom line (Mixing Mech-1 & S-6)
0
50
100
150
200
250
LAY
DOW
N
CL-P
feed
CL-P
Delive
ry
MPM
8 feed
MPM
8
Delive
ry
CL-C1
feed
CL-C1
Delive
ry
NEPS/GMS 130 129 223 150 179 228 196
130 129
223
150
179
228
196
LAY DOWN
CL-P feed
CL-P Delivery
MPM8 feed
MPM8 Delivery
CL-C1 feed
CL-C1 Delivery
Study of Behaviour of Short fibres & Neps from raw material to Roving

12. Reason of neps increasing in CL-P
it can be due to-
• Rotation of material around high speed beater increases neps in CL-P.
• Excessive waste accumulation.
• Rough Surface of grid bars.
ACTION TAKEN TO REDUCE NEPS -
CL-P m/c checked carefully , damage parts found: No
Polishing of grid bars: Ok
then
➢ Beater of CL-P
➢ Grid bars of CL-P
Cleaned With air pressure
Study of Behaviour of Short fibres & Neps from raw material to Roving

13. ➢ Due to choking of Dust in condenser.
➢ Due to passing of fibre between perforated roll & solid roll.
Study of Behaviour of Short fibres & Neps from raw material to Roving
Reason for neps increasing in CL-C1 feed
ACTION TAKEN TO REDUCE NEPS -
Condenser cleaned with air pressure.

14. Graph shows Combine results for Neps Before & After cleaning in CL-P & CL-C1
0
50
100
150
200
250
CL-P Delivery CL-C1 feed
BEFORE 223 228
AFTER 149 173
Study of Behaviour of Short fibres & Neps from raw material to Roving
After cleaning –
in CL-P Delivery neps decreased by 33.2 %
in CL-C1 feed neps decreased by 24.12 %

15. It may be due to–
➢ High licker-in speed ( increase speed coats neps).
➢ High Production rate.
➢ Blunt licker-in wires or dull flats.
➢ Jammed wire in doffer.
➢ Blunt wire points.
.
Study of Behaviour of Short fibres & Neps from raw material to Roving
Reason for neps increasing in Card
➢ Speed of licker-in & Cylinder reduced.
➢ Delivery Speed & Production kg/hr also reduced.
Action taken to reduce neps & short fibres in card
Licker-in speed Cylinder Speed
Before changed 1150 m/min 550 m/min
After Changed 950 m/min 420 m/min
Production kg/hr
46
35
Delivery Speed
176 m/min
129 m/min

16. Study of Behaviour of Short fibres & Neps from raw material to Roving
Effects of Licker-in & Cylinder Speed on Neps (cnt/gm) & SFC(n)
sfcn & Neps before licker-in & Cylinder speed Change-
sfcn & Neps After licker-in & Cylinder speed Change-
SFC(n) Neps (cnt/gm)
Card Feed 27.1 % 236
Card Delivery 30.2 % 74
SFC(n) Neps (cnt/gm)
Card Feed 28.4 % 233
Card delivery 28.6 % 52

17. 20
22
24
26
28
30
sfcn
feed 28.4
Delivery 28.6
sfcnafter Speedchange
feed
Delivery
Study of Behaviour of Short fibres & Neps from raw material to Roving
Comparison of Results Before & After Speed Change
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
sfcn
feed 27.1
Delivery 30.2
sfcnbeforeSpeedchange
Before speed change sfc in sliver increase by 3.1 %
After speed change sfc in sliver only increase by 0.2 %

18. Study of Behaviour of Short fibres & Neps from raw material to Roving
Comparison of Results Before & After Speed Change
0
50
100
150
200
250
Neps (cnt/gm)
feed 233
Delivery 72
Neps beforespeed& productionrate change
0
50
100
150
200
250
neps (cnt/gm)
feed 229
Delivery 57
Neps after speed& productionrate change
Neps removal efficiency of Card before production rate change = 233-72 = 69%
233
Neps removal efficiency of card after production rate change = 229-57 = 74 %
229
Production rate effects neps in card sliver

19. Study of Behaviour of Short fibres & Neps from raw material to Roving
Effects of Licker-in & Cylinder Speed on Neps (cnt/gm) & SFC(n)
Remark-
before After before After Remark
stage sfcn % Sfcn % Neps ( cnt/g) Neps ( cnt/g)
Raw Material 26.1 130
CL-P feed 24.7 129 126
CL-P Delivery 25.1 223 149
Beaters & Grid bars
of CL-P Cleaned With air pressure
MPM8 feed 26.8 150
MPM8 Delivery 27.1 179 182
CL-C1 feed 26.6 228 173Condenser cleaned with air pressure.
CL-C1 Delivery 26.1 196
Card Feed 28.1 28.4 233 229
Card Delivery 30.2 28.6 72 57
Speed of licker-in & Cylinder reduced.
Production rate decreased.
Comber feed 27.6 64
ComberDelivery / RSB feed 16.6 13
RSB Delivery 16.2 21
Roving 16.8 25

20. Study of Behaviour of Short fibres & Neps from raw material to Roving
Conclusion
➢Due to excessive waste accumulation in blowroom lines increase neps ,
so in order to reduce more neps formation in Blowroom lines it is
important to clean Machine time to time for this cleaning Schedule of
blowroom lines needs to be increase.
➢High licker-in & Cylinder Speed increases more short fibres in card
Sliver, in order to reduce short fibre speed should be keep low.
➢Higher production increase more neps in sliver , so by reducing
production rate neps also decreases.

21. Study of Behaviour of Short fibres & Neps from raw material to Roving
Effects of Licker-in & Cylinder Speed on Neps (cnt/gm) & SFC(n)
Personal learning
➢ Importance of Cleaning Schedule.
➢ Effects of Licker-in Speed on Short fibres.
➢ Effect of Cylinder speed on Short fibres.
➢ Effect of Production rate on neps.
➢ Neps removal efficiency of Card.
➢ Neps removal efficiency of Comber.

22. Study of Behaviour of Short fibres & Neps from raw material to Roving
Acknowledgement
➢I would like to Special thanks to Mr. Vibhor Mangal , Mr. Beem Raj
Singh & Mr. Rajesh Kumar for guiding me throught my training
period also thanks to giving me their valuable suggestion to complete
my project.
➢And also thanks to all HOD’s , shift offices for helping me to complete
this project.
➢At last I would like to thank Mr. Gurpreet Singh , Vibhor Mangal &
Vardhman group for giving me opportunity to pursue my industrial
training in VMT spinning And iam glad to pursue my training in
Vardhman.