This document discusses anemia, including iron deficiency anemia and anemia of chronic disease. It defines anemia as a reduction in red blood cell counts or hemoglobin levels below established thresholds. Common symptoms include fatigue, headaches, and shortness of breath with exertion. Iron deficiency anemia can be identified by a low mean corpuscular volume, low iron levels, and low ferritin on lab tests. Anemia of chronic disease has similar symptoms but different underlying causes and lab abnormalities.