INTRODUCTION TO OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY, GOALS OF OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY, THE VARIOUS CLASSIFICATION OF OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY, DIFFERENT OCCUPATIONAL THERAPIES FOR DIFFERENT MENTA DISORDERS TO TREAT THE PATIENTS EFFECTIVELY.
Occupational therapy (OT) is a branch of health care that helps people of all ages who have physical, sensory, or cognitive problems. OT can help them regain independence in all areas of their lives. Occupational therapists help with barriers that affect a person's emotional, social, and physical needs.
The following slides talks about the half way home which is meant for psycho- social rehabilitation of the mentally ill patients. the concept of half way home is contemporary in India and confined to metropolitan areas, mass need awareness of such model and the rights of the mentally ill, the topic itself covers many aspects and it is hard to assemble under one title.
Occupational therapy (OT) is a branch of health care that helps people of all ages who have physical, sensory, or cognitive problems. OT can help them regain independence in all areas of their lives. Occupational therapists help with barriers that affect a person's emotional, social, and physical needs.
The following slides talks about the half way home which is meant for psycho- social rehabilitation of the mentally ill patients. the concept of half way home is contemporary in India and confined to metropolitan areas, mass need awareness of such model and the rights of the mentally ill, the topic itself covers many aspects and it is hard to assemble under one title.
Group therapy is a type of psychotherapy wherein therapisr treats a group of people together. Group members meet at regular sessions to resolve their symptoms or conflicts.
Mental Health Nursing
Psychiatric Nursing
Dr. Rahul Sharma
Associate Professor
H.O.D. of Mental Health Nursing
Ph. D Coordinator
Seedling School of Nursing,
Jaipur National University, Jaipur
Recreational therapy
Recreational therapy also known as therapeutic recreation, is a systematic process that utilizes recreation and other activity-based interventions to address the assessed needs of individuals with illnesses and/or disabling conditions, as a means to psychological and physical health, recovery and well-being
Recreation:
A form of voluntary activities that is carried on in the leisure time, usually for pleasure but also to satisfy other personal needs and drives
THERE ARE TWO TYPES OF RECREATION:
1. Active Recreation:
involves playing fields and team participation such as baseball, soccer e.t.c.
2. Passive Recreation:
Recreation without fields, more generally trial based hiking, mountain biking, hoarse riding, wild life viwing e.t.c.
FORMS OF RECREATIONAL ACTIVITIES
1. Motor Form
these are devided into:
fundamental(games such as hockey and football)
Accessory forms(play activity and dancing)
2. Sensory Form
These can be either visual (looking at motion pictures, play e.t.c or auditory(listening to a concert)
3. Intellectual Form
Activities involving the use of mind and intellectual functions(reading, debating)
AIMS OF RECEATION THERAPY INCLUDE:
To improve or mantain physical , mental, cognitive , social, emotional and spiritual functioning in order to facilitate full participation in life
To reduce disability.
To improve quality of life.
STEPS OF RECREATION THERAPY:
Assessment: working with clients to identify health status, needs and strengths to provide data for interventions.
Planning: priorities are set; goals are formulated; objectives are developed; programmes, strategies, and approaches are specified; and means of evaluation are determined.
Intervention: the action phase of the TR process. Involves the actual execution of the programme plan by the TR specialist and client.
Evaluation: The goals and objectives are appraised. The primary question: How did the client respond to the planned intervention?
Group therapy is a type of psychotherapy wherein therapisr treats a group of people together. Group members meet at regular sessions to resolve their symptoms or conflicts.
Mental Health Nursing
Psychiatric Nursing
Dr. Rahul Sharma
Associate Professor
H.O.D. of Mental Health Nursing
Ph. D Coordinator
Seedling School of Nursing,
Jaipur National University, Jaipur
Recreational therapy
Recreational therapy also known as therapeutic recreation, is a systematic process that utilizes recreation and other activity-based interventions to address the assessed needs of individuals with illnesses and/or disabling conditions, as a means to psychological and physical health, recovery and well-being
Recreation:
A form of voluntary activities that is carried on in the leisure time, usually for pleasure but also to satisfy other personal needs and drives
THERE ARE TWO TYPES OF RECREATION:
1. Active Recreation:
involves playing fields and team participation such as baseball, soccer e.t.c.
2. Passive Recreation:
Recreation without fields, more generally trial based hiking, mountain biking, hoarse riding, wild life viwing e.t.c.
FORMS OF RECREATIONAL ACTIVITIES
1. Motor Form
these are devided into:
fundamental(games such as hockey and football)
Accessory forms(play activity and dancing)
2. Sensory Form
These can be either visual (looking at motion pictures, play e.t.c or auditory(listening to a concert)
3. Intellectual Form
Activities involving the use of mind and intellectual functions(reading, debating)
AIMS OF RECEATION THERAPY INCLUDE:
To improve or mantain physical , mental, cognitive , social, emotional and spiritual functioning in order to facilitate full participation in life
To reduce disability.
To improve quality of life.
STEPS OF RECREATION THERAPY:
Assessment: working with clients to identify health status, needs and strengths to provide data for interventions.
Planning: priorities are set; goals are formulated; objectives are developed; programmes, strategies, and approaches are specified; and means of evaluation are determined.
Intervention: the action phase of the TR process. Involves the actual execution of the programme plan by the TR specialist and client.
Evaluation: The goals and objectives are appraised. The primary question: How did the client respond to the planned intervention?
Seminar of U.V. Spectroscopy by SAMIR PANDASAMIR PANDA
Spectroscopy is a branch of science dealing the study of interaction of electromagnetic radiation with matter.
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy refers to absorption spectroscopy or reflect spectroscopy in the UV-VIS spectral region.
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy is an analytical method that can measure the amount of light received by the analyte.
Deep Behavioral Phenotyping in Systems Neuroscience for Functional Atlasing a...Ana Luísa Pinho
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) provides means to characterize brain activations in response to behavior. However, cognitive neuroscience has been limited to group-level effects referring to the performance of specific tasks. To obtain the functional profile of elementary cognitive mechanisms, the combination of brain responses to many tasks is required. Yet, to date, both structural atlases and parcellation-based activations do not fully account for cognitive function and still present several limitations. Further, they do not adapt overall to individual characteristics. In this talk, I will give an account of deep-behavioral phenotyping strategies, namely data-driven methods in large task-fMRI datasets, to optimize functional brain-data collection and improve inference of effects-of-interest related to mental processes. Key to this approach is the employment of fast multi-functional paradigms rich on features that can be well parametrized and, consequently, facilitate the creation of psycho-physiological constructs to be modelled with imaging data. Particular emphasis will be given to music stimuli when studying high-order cognitive mechanisms, due to their ecological nature and quality to enable complex behavior compounded by discrete entities. I will also discuss how deep-behavioral phenotyping and individualized models applied to neuroimaging data can better account for the subject-specific organization of domain-general cognitive systems in the human brain. Finally, the accumulation of functional brain signatures brings the possibility to clarify relationships among tasks and create a univocal link between brain systems and mental functions through: (1) the development of ontologies proposing an organization of cognitive processes; and (2) brain-network taxonomies describing functional specialization. To this end, tools to improve commensurability in cognitive science are necessary, such as public repositories, ontology-based platforms and automated meta-analysis tools. I will thus discuss some brain-atlasing resources currently under development, and their applicability in cognitive as well as clinical neuroscience.
This pdf is about the Schizophrenia.
For more details visit on YouTube; @SELF-EXPLANATORY;
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCAiarMZDNhe1A3Rnpr_WkzA/videos
Thanks...!
Observation of Io’s Resurfacing via Plume Deposition Using Ground-based Adapt...Sérgio Sacani
Since volcanic activity was first discovered on Io from Voyager images in 1979, changes
on Io’s surface have been monitored from both spacecraft and ground-based telescopes.
Here, we present the highest spatial resolution images of Io ever obtained from a groundbased telescope. These images, acquired by the SHARK-VIS instrument on the Large
Binocular Telescope, show evidence of a major resurfacing event on Io’s trailing hemisphere. When compared to the most recent spacecraft images, the SHARK-VIS images
show that a plume deposit from a powerful eruption at Pillan Patera has covered part
of the long-lived Pele plume deposit. Although this type of resurfacing event may be common on Io, few have been detected due to the rarity of spacecraft visits and the previously low spatial resolution available from Earth-based telescopes. The SHARK-VIS instrument ushers in a new era of high resolution imaging of Io’s surface using adaptive
optics at visible wavelengths.
Slide 1: Title Slide
Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Slide 2: Introduction to Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Definition: Extrachromosomal inheritance refers to the transmission of genetic material that is not found within the nucleus.
Key Components: Involves genes located in mitochondria, chloroplasts, and plasmids.
Slide 3: Mitochondrial Inheritance
Mitochondria: Organelles responsible for energy production.
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA): Circular DNA molecule found in mitochondria.
Inheritance Pattern: Maternally inherited, meaning it is passed from mothers to all their offspring.
Diseases: Examples include Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) and mitochondrial myopathy.
Slide 4: Chloroplast Inheritance
Chloroplasts: Organelles responsible for photosynthesis in plants.
Chloroplast DNA (cpDNA): Circular DNA molecule found in chloroplasts.
Inheritance Pattern: Often maternally inherited in most plants, but can vary in some species.
Examples: Variegation in plants, where leaf color patterns are determined by chloroplast DNA.
Slide 5: Plasmid Inheritance
Plasmids: Small, circular DNA molecules found in bacteria and some eukaryotes.
Features: Can carry antibiotic resistance genes and can be transferred between cells through processes like conjugation.
Significance: Important in biotechnology for gene cloning and genetic engineering.
Slide 6: Mechanisms of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Non-Mendelian Patterns: Do not follow Mendel’s laws of inheritance.
Cytoplasmic Segregation: During cell division, organelles like mitochondria and chloroplasts are randomly distributed to daughter cells.
Heteroplasmy: Presence of more than one type of organellar genome within a cell, leading to variation in expression.
Slide 7: Examples of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Four O’clock Plant (Mirabilis jalapa): Shows variegated leaves due to different cpDNA in leaf cells.
Petite Mutants in Yeast: Result from mutations in mitochondrial DNA affecting respiration.
Slide 8: Importance of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Evolution: Provides insight into the evolution of eukaryotic cells.
Medicine: Understanding mitochondrial inheritance helps in diagnosing and treating mitochondrial diseases.
Agriculture: Chloroplast inheritance can be used in plant breeding and genetic modification.
Slide 9: Recent Research and Advances
Gene Editing: Techniques like CRISPR-Cas9 are being used to edit mitochondrial and chloroplast DNA.
Therapies: Development of mitochondrial replacement therapy (MRT) for preventing mitochondrial diseases.
Slide 10: Conclusion
Summary: Extrachromosomal inheritance involves the transmission of genetic material outside the nucleus and plays a crucial role in genetics, medicine, and biotechnology.
Future Directions: Continued research and technological advancements hold promise for new treatments and applications.
Slide 11: Questions and Discussion
Invite Audience: Open the floor for any questions or further discussion on the topic.
Richard's entangled aventures in wonderlandRichard Gill
Since the loophole-free Bell experiments of 2020 and the Nobel prizes in physics of 2022, critics of Bell's work have retreated to the fortress of super-determinism. Now, super-determinism is a derogatory word - it just means "determinism". Palmer, Hance and Hossenfelder argue that quantum mechanics and determinism are not incompatible, using a sophisticated mathematical construction based on a subtle thinning of allowed states and measurements in quantum mechanics, such that what is left appears to make Bell's argument fail, without altering the empirical predictions of quantum mechanics. I think however that it is a smoke screen, and the slogan "lost in math" comes to my mind. I will discuss some other recent disproofs of Bell's theorem using the language of causality based on causal graphs. Causal thinking is also central to law and justice. I will mention surprising connections to my work on serial killer nurse cases, in particular the Dutch case of Lucia de Berk and the current UK case of Lucy Letby.
Nutraceutical market, scope and growth: Herbal drug technologyLokesh Patil
As consumer awareness of health and wellness rises, the nutraceutical market—which includes goods like functional meals, drinks, and dietary supplements that provide health advantages beyond basic nutrition—is growing significantly. As healthcare expenses rise, the population ages, and people want natural and preventative health solutions more and more, this industry is increasing quickly. Further driving market expansion are product formulation innovations and the use of cutting-edge technology for customized nutrition. With its worldwide reach, the nutraceutical industry is expected to keep growing and provide significant chances for research and investment in a number of categories, including vitamins, minerals, probiotics, and herbal supplements.
This presentation explores a brief idea about the structural and functional attributes of nucleotides, the structure and function of genetic materials along with the impact of UV rays and pH upon them.
3. Occupational Therapy (OT) can be
described as the art and science of
challenging an individual’s effort in
specially selected activities that have
been designed to restore and enhance
his performance.
POOJA SAHARAN, M.M.C.O.N MULLANA AMBALA MSC NSG. 1ST
YR.
4. Any activity, which engages a
person’s resources of time and
energy and is composed of skills
and values”.
ST
5. OT is the application of goal –
oriented and, purposeful activity in
the assessment and treatment of
individuals with psychological,
physical or developmental
disabilities.
POOJA SAHARAN, M.M.C.O.N MULLANA AMBALA MSC NSG. 1ST
YR.
7. 1. Promotion of recovery
2. Mobilization of total assets of the patient
3. Prevention of hospitalization
4. Creation of good habits of work and leisure
5. Enhance the patient to regain self –
confidence
POOJA SAHARAN, M.M.C.O.N MULLANA AMBALA MSC NSG. 1ST
YR.
8. OT is provided to children, adolescents,
adults and elderly patients.
Psychiatric Hospitals
Nursing Homes
Rehabilitation Centers
Special Schools
Community Mental Health Centers
Halfway Homes and De – addiction
Centers
POOJA SAHARAN, M.M.C.O.N MULLANA AMBALA MSC NSG. 1ST
YR.
10. Independent living skills: Self – care or Self
Maintenance.
Crafts, Socialization, Leisure activity and Education.
Employment and Academic preparation, Home making,
child care or parenting.
Design fabrication and application of orthotic devices.
Therapeutic exercise
Patient or family education / Counseling.
POOJA SAHARAN, M.M.C.O.N MULLANA AMBALA MSC NSG. 1ST
YR.
12. Assertiveness
Training
Daily Activities
Living
Music, Art and
Clay Work.
Poetry and
Drama.
Craft Work
Wood Work
Weaving
Painting
Social Skills
Training
Industrial Works
Sewing
Leather Work
Ceramics
POOJA SAHARAN, M.M.C.O.N MULLANA AMBALA MSC NSG. 1ST
YR.
18. 1. OT helps to build a more healthy and integrated
ego.
2. OT helps to express and deal with needs and
feelings.
3. Assists in the gratification of basic needs.
4. Strengthens Ego defenses.
5. Reverses Psychopathology
6. Facilitates personality development.
7. Develops Self Esteem and Good Self – Concept.
POOJA SAHARAN, M.M.C.O.N MULLANA AMBALA MSC NSG. 1ST
YR.
19. Anxiety Disorder
Simple concrete tasks with
not more than 3 or 4 steps.
(Sweeping, Washing,
Weeding garden)
POOJA SAHARAN, M.M.C.O.N MULLANA AMBALA MSC NSG. 1ST
YR.
21. Non-competitive
activities that allows the
use of energy and
expression of feelings.
(Raking Grass)
Manic
Disorder
POOJA SAHARAN, M.M.C.O.N MULLANA AMBALA MSC NSG. 1ST
YR.
22. Non-competitive solitary
meaningful tasks that require
some degree of concentration
(Puzzles)(paranoid person)
Simple concrete tasks in
which patients involves
actively. (Molding clay)
( catatonic person)
SUGGESTED OCCUPATIONAL ACTIVITIES
POOJA SAHARAN, M.M.C.O.N MULLANA AMBALA MSC NSG. 1ST
YR.
23. Anti-Social
Personality
Dementia
Activities that enhance
self – esteem and
expressive and creative.
(Leather Work, Painting)
Group activities to
increase feeling of
belonging and self-worth.
(Cover making, packing
goods)
POOJA SAHARAN, M.M.C.O.N MULLANA AMBALA MSC NSG. 1ST
YR.
24. Substance
Abuse
Group activities in which
patient uses his talents.
(Involve patient in
planning social activities)
SUGGESTED OCCUPATIONAL ACTIVITIES
POOJA SAHARAN, M.M.C.O.N MULLANA AMBALA MSC NSG. 1ST
YR.
25. Childhood and
Adolescent
disorders
Children – Playing, Story
telling, Painting, Poetry
Music etc.
Adolescents – Leather
work drawing, painting
etc.
MR – Cover making,
candle making and
packing goods.
POOJA SAHARAN, M.M.C.O.N MULLANA AMBALA MSC NSG. 1ST
YR.
26. Involve patients to select activity
Activity should utilizes patients strength and
abilities.
The activity should be of short duration to
foster feeling of accomplishments.
The selected activity should provide new
experience for the patient.
POOJA SAHARAN, M.M.C.O.N MULLANA AMBALA MSC NSG. 1ST
YR.
28. I. Observer
II. Teacher
III. Parent
IV. Supporter
V. Guide and Friend
VI. Warden
NURSE’S ROLE IN OCCUPATIONAL
THERAPY
POOJA SAHARAN, M.M.C.O.N MULLANA AMBALA MSC NSG. 1ST
YR.
29. It is well clear that
occupational therapy
plays an important role
for treating and
rehabilitating mentally –
ill clients.
POOJA SAHARAN, M.M.C.O.N MULLANA AMBALA MSC NSG. 1ST
YR.
