1. The document discusses various topics in obstetrics and gynecology including delayed ureteric injury, cervical cancer screening procedures, instruments used in labor and delivery, and ovarian tumors.
2. It provides true/false questions and explanations about procedures, instruments, conditions, and their clinical presentations.
3. The document serves as an image-based test covering obstetrics and gynecology topics for medical students and residents.
OSCE REVISION IN OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY 2015,NEARLY COVERING COURSE CURRICULUM .Prepared by Dr Manal Behery.Professor of OB&Gyne .Faculty of medicine,Zagazig University
OSCE REVISION IN OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY 2015,NEARLY COVERING COURSE CURRICULUM .Prepared by Dr Manal Behery.Professor of OB&Gyne .Faculty of medicine,Zagazig University
Successful management of a broken stylet retained in tracheobronchial tree-a ...komalicarol
In Covid-19 pandemic, the use of video laryngoscope for tracheal
intubation is highly recommended due to the increasing distance
between patient’s airway and operator. An endotracheal tube with
an intubating stylet has been proposed to facilitate tracheal tube
insertion, especially when video laryngoscope was used. Thus in
routine anesthesia practice intubating stylet is used as an aid in tracheal intubation for confirmed or suspected Covid-19 infected patients. At the present time, the disposable plastic covered or plastic
bougie is more recommended but in some institutes, the malleable
aluminum stylets are still in use. Though shearing of part of the
stylet has been reported in past but we report a case with as unrecognized broken piece of stylet into his right main bronchus, which
was later extracted immediately and successfully before causing
adverse symptoms or hurts.
Appendectomy is one of the commonest abdominal operation performed all over the world. Stump appendicitis is one of the uncommon complications of appendectomy. The diagnosis of stump appendicitis is delayed due to low index of suspicion by virtue of the fact that an appendectomy has already been done. The clinical presentation exactly simulates acute appendicitis. Contrast enhanced computed tomography is diagnostic. Completion appendectomy either open or laparoscopic is the mainstay of treatment. Awareness regarding the possible aetiology, diagnosis and management is essential for avoiding delay in the diagnosis.
Testicular torsion is a serious scrotal emergency having a negative impact on fertility and in its most severe presentation, there is potential loss of the testicle if not diagnosed early. The condition needs to be diagnosed promptly with immediate surgical intervention. Intermittent testicular torsion (ITT) is a forerunner or a red flag for an impending frank testicular torsion. ITT is characterized by sudden onset of testicular pain which may resolve spontaneously before further investigation and treatment. Testicular torsion in adults is usually intravaginal in location and can be diagnosed clinically if the patient presents early with typical clinical signs. A case of ITT who presented with frank unilateral testicular torsion diagnosed clinically and surgically treated with salvage of the affected testes is presented to highlight the importance of history of ITT and typical clinical features. The anatomical aspects and pathophysiology of testicular torsion including the aftermath is discussed. ITT is a forerunner to frank testicular torsion. If offered prophylactic orchidopexy then a frank episode of testicular torsion with all its sequelae can be averted.
Post-Thyroidectomy Laryngeal Diplegia in Mali: What Therapeutic Challenge? by Kone Fatogoma Issa in Experiments in Rhinology & Otolaryngology
Post-thyroidectomy laryngeal diplegia is the most common and most feared complication [1]. It occurs following a recurrent nerve lesion in 26 to 59% of cases [1,2]. Tracheotomy was considered until 1922 as the only reference treatment [3,4]. Therapeutic approaches have evolved over time, ranging from convention altranslaryngeal or extralaryngeal therapy to endoscopic laser approaches [5]. These endoscopic methods emphasized endoscopicary tenoidectomy and posterior transverse cordotomy [4,6]. Laser transverse posterior cordotomy has proved its efficacy, illustrated by the work of Denis and Kashima and Laccoureye & Merite Drancy [4,7].
Trans sternal trans pericardial closure of post pneumonectomy bronchopleural ...Abdulsalam Taha
The occurrence of a broncho-pleural (BPF) after pneumonectomy is an infrequent but severe complication accompanied by a high morbidity and mortality. Small BPFs may heal either spontaneously or with drainage only. However, the majority of patients with persistent BPFs require operative intervention. There is no standard treatment to this complication and the successful management is a challenge to the thoracic surgeon. While most of the treatment options are staged operations, the trans-sternal trans-pericardial (TSTP) closure is attractive as it is a one stage operation that avoids the infected pneumonectomy space and does not result in patient’s disfigurement. The technique was first used in Italy and then used extensively in the former Soviet Union. Herein, we report a case of chronic BPF after pneumoectomy successfully closed via the TSTP approach. The relevant literature is reviewed to throw light on the indications and the results of this operation.
Key Words: BPF, Pneumonectomy, Empyaema and TSTP Approach.
Publication Date: Mar 2010
Publication Name: Basra Journal of Surgery
view on iasj.net
Transsternsl transpericardial closure of postpneumonectomy bronchopleural fis...Abdulsalam Taha
There is no standard treatment for post-pneumonectomy bronchopleural fistula and the successful management is a challenge to the thoracic surgeon. Most of the treatment options are staged procedures.Transsternal transpericardial closure (TSTP) is attractive as it is a one stage operation, that avoids the infected pneumonectomy space and does not result in patients disfigurement. The single disadvantage of TSTP closure is that it does not address the problem of the pneumonectomy space.Herein, we report a case of chronic BPF after pneumonectomy successfully closed via the transsternal transpericardial approach.The relevant literature is reviewed to throw light on the indications and the results of this operation.
This study aims to systematically compare and
contrast the two most commonly used techniques of
tonsillectomy- Cold tonsillectomy and cobilation tonsillectomy.
Three different age group of patients were examined and
operated. The total number of patients was 104. There were 52
patients each of cobilation and cold tonsillectomy. The
specifications being following: 35 patients of age between 3 to 7
years, 6 patients of age 7-12 years and 11 patients of age greater
than 12 years.
The result of this study showed that there is no significant and
noticeable difference between the two procedures of operating
tonsils. However slight differences in the post operative pain and
primary and secondary bleeding was seen. The operation time
was considerably lower in patients of younger age.
A comparative study of fine needle aspiration cytology, trucut biopsy and his...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences is one of the speciality Journal in Dental Science and Medical Science published by International Organization of Scientific Research (IOSR). The Journal publishes papers of the highest scientific merit and widest possible scope work in all areas related to medical and dental science. The Journal welcome review articles, leading medical and clinical research articles, technical notes, case reports and others.
Explore natural remedies for syphilis treatment in Singapore. Discover alternative therapies, herbal remedies, and lifestyle changes that may complement conventional treatments. Learn about holistic approaches to managing syphilis symptoms and supporting overall health.
New Drug Discovery and Development .....NEHA GUPTA
The "New Drug Discovery and Development" process involves the identification, design, testing, and manufacturing of novel pharmaceutical compounds with the aim of introducing new and improved treatments for various medical conditions. This comprehensive endeavor encompasses various stages, including target identification, preclinical studies, clinical trials, regulatory approval, and post-market surveillance. It involves multidisciplinary collaboration among scientists, researchers, clinicians, regulatory experts, and pharmaceutical companies to bring innovative therapies to market and address unmet medical needs.
New Directions in Targeted Therapeutic Approaches for Older Adults With Mantl...i3 Health
i3 Health is pleased to make the speaker slides from this activity available for use as a non-accredited self-study or teaching resource.
This slide deck presented by Dr. Kami Maddocks, Professor-Clinical in the Division of Hematology and
Associate Division Director for Ambulatory Operations
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, will provide insight into new directions in targeted therapeutic approaches for older adults with mantle cell lymphoma.
STATEMENT OF NEED
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare, aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) accounting for 5% to 7% of all lymphomas. Its prognosis ranges from indolent disease that does not require treatment for years to very aggressive disease, which is associated with poor survival (Silkenstedt et al, 2021). Typically, MCL is diagnosed at advanced stage and in older patients who cannot tolerate intensive therapy (NCCN, 2022). Although recent advances have slightly increased remission rates, recurrence and relapse remain very common, leading to a median overall survival between 3 and 6 years (LLS, 2021). Though there are several effective options, progress is still needed towards establishing an accepted frontline approach for MCL (Castellino et al, 2022). Treatment selection and management of MCL are complicated by the heterogeneity of prognosis, advanced age and comorbidities of patients, and lack of an established standard approach for treatment, making it vital that clinicians be familiar with the latest research and advances in this area. In this activity chaired by Michael Wang, MD, Professor in the Department of Lymphoma & Myeloma at MD Anderson Cancer Center, expert faculty will discuss prognostic factors informing treatment, the promising results of recent trials in new therapeutic approaches, and the implications of treatment resistance in therapeutic selection for MCL.
Target Audience
Hematology/oncology fellows, attending faculty, and other health care professionals involved in the treatment of patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL).
Learning Objectives
1.) Identify clinical and biological prognostic factors that can guide treatment decision making for older adults with MCL
2.) Evaluate emerging data on targeted therapeutic approaches for treatment-naive and relapsed/refractory MCL and their applicability to older adults
3.) Assess mechanisms of resistance to targeted therapies for MCL and their implications for treatment selection
263778731218 Abortion Clinic /Pills In Harare ,sisternakatoto
263778731218 Abortion Clinic /Pills In Harare ,ABORTION WOMEN’S CLINIC +27730423979 IN women clinic we believe that every woman should be able to make choices in her pregnancy. Our job is to provide compassionate care, safety,affordable and confidential services. That’s why we have won the trust from all generations of women all over the world. we use non surgical method(Abortion pills) to terminate…Dr.LISA +27730423979women Clinic is committed to providing the highest quality of obstetrical and gynecological care to women of all ages. Our dedicated staff aim to treat each patient and her health concerns with compassion and respect.Our dedicated group ABORTION WOMEN’S CLINIC +27730423979 IN women clinic we believe that every woman should be able to make choices in her pregnancy. Our job is to provide compassionate care, safety,affordable and confidential services. That’s why we have won the trust from all generations of women all over the world. we use non surgical method(Abortion pills) to terminate…Dr.LISA +27730423979women Clinic is committed to providing the highest quality of obstetrical and gynecological care to women of all ages. Our dedicated staff aim to treat each patient and her health concerns with compassion and respect.Our dedicated group of receptionists, nurses, and physicians have worked together as a teamof receptionists, nurses, and physicians have worked together as a team wwww.lisywomensclinic.co.za/
Recomendações da OMS sobre cuidados maternos e neonatais para uma experiência pós-natal positiva.
Em consonância com os ODS – Objetivos do Desenvolvimento Sustentável e a Estratégia Global para a Saúde das Mulheres, Crianças e Adolescentes, e aplicando uma abordagem baseada nos direitos humanos, os esforços de cuidados pós-natais devem expandir-se para além da cobertura e da simples sobrevivência, de modo a incluir cuidados de qualidade.
Estas diretrizes visam melhorar a qualidade dos cuidados pós-natais essenciais e de rotina prestados às mulheres e aos recém-nascidos, com o objetivo final de melhorar a saúde e o bem-estar materno e neonatal.
Uma “experiência pós-natal positiva” é um resultado importante para todas as mulheres que dão à luz e para os seus recém-nascidos, estabelecendo as bases para a melhoria da saúde e do bem-estar a curto e longo prazo. Uma experiência pós-natal positiva é definida como aquela em que as mulheres, pessoas que gestam, os recém-nascidos, os casais, os pais, os cuidadores e as famílias recebem informação consistente, garantia e apoio de profissionais de saúde motivados; e onde um sistema de saúde flexível e com recursos reconheça as necessidades das mulheres e dos bebês e respeite o seu contexto cultural.
Estas diretrizes consolidadas apresentam algumas recomendações novas e já bem fundamentadas sobre cuidados pós-natais de rotina para mulheres e neonatos que recebem cuidados no pós-parto em unidades de saúde ou na comunidade, independentemente dos recursos disponíveis.
É fornecido um conjunto abrangente de recomendações para cuidados durante o período puerperal, com ênfase nos cuidados essenciais que todas as mulheres e recém-nascidos devem receber, e com a devida atenção à qualidade dos cuidados; isto é, a entrega e a experiência do cuidado recebido. Estas diretrizes atualizam e ampliam as recomendações da OMS de 2014 sobre cuidados pós-natais da mãe e do recém-nascido e complementam as atuais diretrizes da OMS sobre a gestão de complicações pós-natais.
O estabelecimento da amamentação e o manejo das principais intercorrências é contemplada.
Recomendamos muito.
Vamos discutir essas recomendações no nosso curso de pós-graduação em Aleitamento no Instituto Ciclos.
Esta publicação só está disponível em inglês até o momento.
Prof. Marcus Renato de Carvalho
www.agostodourado.com
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
Prix Galien International 2024 Forum ProgramLevi Shapiro
June 20, 2024, Prix Galien International and Jerusalem Ethics Forum in ROME. Detailed agenda including panels:
- ADVANCES IN CARDIOLOGY: A NEW PARADIGM IS COMING
- WOMEN’S HEALTH: FERTILITY PRESERVATION
- WHAT’S NEW IN THE TREATMENT OF INFECTIOUS,
ONCOLOGICAL AND INFLAMMATORY SKIN DISEASES?
- ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ETHICS
- GENE THERAPY
- BEYOND BORDERS: GLOBAL INITIATIVES FOR DEMOCRATIZING LIFE SCIENCE TECHNOLOGIES AND PROMOTING ACCESS TO HEALTHCARE
- ETHICAL CHALLENGES IN LIFE SCIENCES
- Prix Galien International Awards Ceremony
Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...Oleg Kshivets
RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 2252.1±1742.5 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 73.2%, 10 years – 64.8%, 20 years – 42.5%. 513 LCP lived more than 5 years (LS=3124.6±1525.6 days), 148 LCP – more than 10 years (LS=5054.4±1504.1 days).199 LCP died because of LC (LS=562.7±374.5 days). 5YS of LCP after bi/lobectomies was significantly superior in comparison with LCP after pneumonectomies (78.1% vs.63.7%, P=0.00001 by log-rank test). AT significantly improved 5YS (66.3% vs. 34.8%) (P=0.00000 by log-rank test) only for LCP with N1-2. Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) early-invasive LC in terms of synergetics, PT N0—N12, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), G1-3, histology, glucose, AT, blood cell circuit, prothrombin index, heparin tolerance, recalcification time (P=0.000-0.038). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and PT early-invasive LC (rank=1), PT N0—N12 (rank=2), thrombocytes/CC (3), erythrocytes/CC (4), eosinophils/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), segmented neutrophils/CC (8), stick neutrophils/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10); leucocytes/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).
CONCLUSIONS: 5YS of LCP after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT early-invasive cancer; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) cell ratio factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) LC characteristics; 9) LC cell dynamics; 10) surgery type: lobectomy/pneumonectomy; 11) anthropometric data. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for LC are: 1) screening and early detection of LC; 2) availability of experienced thoracic surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy for LCP with unfavorable prognosis.
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/lK81BzxMqdo
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/Ve4P0COk9OI
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
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Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE.pdfAnujkumaranit
Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. It encompasses tasks such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language understanding. AI technologies are revolutionizing various fields, from healthcare to finance, by enabling machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
Report Back from SGO 2024: What’s the Latest in Cervical Cancer?bkling
Are you curious about what’s new in cervical cancer research or unsure what the findings mean? Join Dr. Emily Ko, a gynecologic oncologist at Penn Medicine, to learn about the latest updates from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2024 Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Dr. Ko will discuss what the research presented at the conference means for you and answer your questions about the new developments.
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar leads (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
2. Features of delayed ureteric injury
Prolonged ileus T
Watery vaginal discharge T
Prolonged high output from drains
T
Fever/sepsis. T
Persistent flank/ abdominal pain T
Flank mass T
Elevated creatinine or BUN T
11/13/2017 Okechukwu A. Ugwu 2
3. The procedure shown
a) The patient should lie in the left
lateral position F
b) The tip of the spatula is
introduced into the cervical canal
and the instrument rotated
through 180 degrees F
c) A cytobrush can be used in place
of Ayre’s spatula T
d) Samples taken are immediately
fixed with 70% alcohol F
e) The cervix is painted with Lugol’s
iodine prior to sample collection
F
11/13/2017 3Okechukwu A. Ugwu
4. About what is shown
a) It is useful in the management of
cervical stenosis F
b) It is an absorbable tape F
c) It is usually removed at
gestational age of 36 weeks F
d) It should be removed when there
are preterm contractions F
e) When its use is indicated, it is
inserted after the second missed
period F
11/13/2017 4Okechukwu A. Ugwu
5. About this instrument and its use
a. This instrument is called the
Mayo’s scissors. F
b. The procedure must be carried out
on all primigravid women. F
c. Its use can lead to a 3rd degree
perineal tear T
d. Dysmenorrhea is a late
complication of its use F
e. The midline incision is easier to
repair than the medio-lateral type T
11/13/2017 5Okechukwu A. Ugwu
6. 1. Also known as pathological
retraction ring T
2. Formed between thinned out
upper segment and lower
segment F
3. Contractions wane off with time
in primigravid women T
4. Electrolytes derangement is
common T
5. Increased risk of PPH T
11/13/2017 6Okechukwu Ugwu
7. 6. Spermatozoa must be
immobilized before injection. T
7. Inverted microscopy is utilized T
8. When indicated, male
karyotyping should be done. T
9. ‘OAT’ syndrome is a
contraindication. F
10. Holding pipette provides gentle
sunction. T
11/13/2017 7Okechukwu Ugwu
8. 11. Commoner in multipara T
12. Usually symptomatic F
13. Intermenstrual bleeding is a
recognized symptom T
14. Recurrence rate of about 3% F
15. Monsel paste has a role in
controlling bleeding post-avulsion T
11/13/2017 8Okechukwu Ugwu
9. 16. HPV is a double stranded DNA
virus. T
17. Smoking doubles risk of Ca
cervix T
18. Risk due to COCP falls to
baseline in 10 years after stopping.
T
19. Presence of nodal involvement
increases mortality by 30% stage for
stage. F
20. Pregnancy does not adversely
affect outcome. T
11/13/2017 9Okechukwu Ugwu
10. 21. Cervical length of less 25mm at
24wks in a primigravida is an
indication F
22. Outcome is the same as no
intervention in multiple gestation. F
23. Removal of Shirodkar type
requires anaesthesia T
24. Immediate removal following
PPROM optimisises outcome. F
25. Recent evidence supports
laparoscopic over laparotomy for
abdominal cerclage F
11/13/2017 10Okechukwu Ugwu
11. 26. Rupture of this type may be catastrophic
T
27. Typically ruptures around 11weeks. F
28. Progesterone assay could help localize
gestation. F
29. Wedge resection is the management of
choice. T
30. Total removal of the ipsilateral tube is
recommended. T
11/13/2017 11Okechukwu Ugwu
12. 31. Provides illumination and
magnification T
32. 3 consecutive inadequate pap
smear samples is an indication T
33. Ablative technique may be used
for glandular disease. F
34. CCI has a maximum score of 10
T
35. It is unsatisfactory when the
endocervical canal is not visualised
F
11/13/2017 12Okechukwu Ugwu
13. 36. Incidence of 0.2% T
37. Delivery by extension F
38. Presenting diameter is 9.5cm T
39. Anterior neck mass is the most
common course. F
40. Mentoposerior is better
delivered by CS. T
11/13/2017 13Okechukwu Ugwu
14. 41. Cost effective investigation T
42. This is risk factor for ectopic
gestation T
43. Live birth rate is reduced by 35%
in patients with this condition
undergoing IVF-ET FALSE
44. Salpingectomy or proximal
occlusion is indicated. T
45. NNT in IVF patients undergoing
treatment for this condition is 6. T
11/13/2017 14Okechukwu Ugwu
15. 46. This is a pneumatic anti-shock
garment. F
47. One size fits all F
48. Made of Neoprene T
49. Segments 4, 5 and 6 should be
applied by only one person. T
50. It is a definitive treatment. F
11/13/2017 15Okechukwu Ugwu
16. 51. Time consuming T
52. 10-15cm long T
53. Preferred in Misgav-Ladach
technique F
54. Utilizes blunt dissection F
55. Has cosmetic appeal T
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17. 56. Two thirds of patients bleed PV T
57. Transvaginal USS is
contraindicated F
58. Bleeding is mainly maternal T
59. Hospital admission yields better
outcome than being at home F
60. Risk of morbidly adherent
placenta in cases of 3 previous CS
and Placenta previa is 45%. T
11/13/2017 17Okechukwu Ugwu
18. 61. Routinely done for primigravida F
62. This type bleeds less T
63. Restrictive used increases
anterior perineal traumaT
64. May have a role in management
of fetal distress T
65. The technique with best
outcome is unknown T
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19. 66. Should be inserted between Day
1-5. T
67. Levels of hormones in the blood
return to normal in a week. T
68. Biodegradable. F
69. Failure rate of 2 in 1000 F
70. Discontinuation rate of 15-25%
F
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21. Concerning this instrument and its use
a. It is used in a minimally invasive
procedure T
b. Intestinal obstruction is a
contraindication for its use F
c. The procedure can be performed
under general anaesthesia T
d. It is useful in the diagnosis of
uterine perforation F
e. It is contraindicated in the
treatment of endometriosis F
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22. Mechanism of Ureteric injury
• Crushing T
• Laceration T
• Ligation with sutures T
• Ischaemia/devasculrisation T
• Segmental resection T
• Transection T
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23. Regarding this lesion
a) It is caused by herpes simplex
virus F
b) Similar lesions may be found
on the vagina, cervix and
uterus F
c) They are generally painless T
d) Spontaneous healing occurs
within 3 weeks F
e) Pregnancy can make the
lesions large T
11/13/2017 23Okechukwu A. Ugwu
24. This instrument
a) It is useful in the management of
ante-partum haemorrhage F
b) A systolic blood pressure of
90mmHg is an indication for its
use T
c) When weaning a patient off it, it
is removed in the reverse order
i.e from no 5 to no 1 F
d) A pulse rate of 60/min is an
indication for its use F
e) It can be employed at every level
of care T
11/13/2017 24Okechukwu A. Ugwu
25. Concerning this picture
a) It is used for emergency
contraception F
b) The duration of use is 10 years
F
c) It can cause amenorrhoea T
d) It can be used as part of a
hormone replacement therapy
regimen T
e) It contains oestrogen and
progestin F
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26. About the procedure shown
a) It is an endoscopic procedure T
b) It facilitates directed biopsy T
c) Areas of CIN appear white when
the cervix is painted with Lugol’s
iodine during this procedure F
d) It can be used to assess vascular
patterns on the cervix T
e) The instrument used is a
monocular microscope F
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27. • BILATERAL in 10-15% of cases T
• Malignant change occurs in 0.5-
2% of cases T
• Most common malignant
transformation is squamous cell
tumour
• Lining epithelium is columnar
epithelium F
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28. CONCERNING OVARIAN TUMOURS
• Skin, Teeth and cartillage-
Teratoma T
• Psammoma bodies- Serous
epithelial Tumours T
• Pseudomyxoma peritonei-
Mucinous tumours T
• Rienke’s Crystal- Hilus cell
tumour T
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29. Ovarian Tumours
• Call Exner Bodies- Granulosa cell
tumour T
• Walthard Cell nest- Brenner
Tumour T
• Signet Ring-Krukuberg tumour T
• Hobnail Cell- Clear cell tumour T
• Schiller Duval Bodies-
Endodermal sinus tumour T
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30. DERMOID CYST
• Most common benign tumour of
the ovary T
• Most common neoplasm
diagnosed during pregnancy T
• Most common germ cell tumour
T
• Commonest tumour to undergo
torsion T
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