The document outlines the National Vector Borne Disease Control Programme in India, focusing on strategies to combat diseases like malaria and kala-azar through enhanced surveillance, early diagnosis, and integrated vector management. It details the historical context and initiatives for malaria control since 1953 and the efforts for kala-azar elimination initiated in 1990-91. By 2003, significant reductions in incidence and mortality rates were reported, with goals set for full kala-azar elimination by 2010.

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NATIONAL VECTOR BORNE
NATIONAL VECTOR BORNE
DISEASE CONTROL
DISEASE CONTROL
PROGRAMME
PROGRAMME

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INTRODUCTION
DIRECTORATE OF NATIONAL VECTOR
BORNE DISEASE CONTROL PROGRAMME.
COMPOSITION.
FUNCTIONS.
FORMATION OF STRATEGIES.

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STRATEGIES INCLUDE
• Enhanced surveillance with support of community
based volunteers and grass root level workers
• Early diagnosis and proper case management through
through strengthning primary and secondary health
institution
• Integrated vector management using bio-friendly
method and limiting use of insectisides
• Epidemic preparednesss and rapid response
• Behaviour change communication
• Computerised management information system
• Intersectoral collaboration

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MALARIA
• MAGNITUDE OF PROBLEM
Provisional data for the year
2004 reveals
largest number of were reported in Orissa
followed by Gujarat , chattisgarh , WB ,
Jharkhand , and karnataka
• 1.87 million cases of malaria which includes
0.86 million cases of falciparum
malaria and 1006 death were reported
in 2003.

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MALARIA CONTROL PROGRAMMES
 -National malaria control programme
# launched in 1953
# It was based on indoor residual
spraying with DDT twice a year
in endemic areas.
 -National malaria education programme
# launched in 1958
# divided into preparatory ,attack ,
consolidation and maintenance phases.

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MODIFIED PLAN OF OPERATION
1.Objectives
2.Reclassification of endemic areas
3.Areas with API more than 2
-Spraying
-entomological assesement
-Surveillance
-Treatment of cases

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4.Areas with API less than 2
-Spraying
-Surveillance
-Treatment
-Follow up
5.Drug distribution centres and fever
treatment depots.

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6.Urban malaria scheme
7.P.falciparum containment
8.Research
9.Health education
10.Reorganization

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SURVEILLANCE
1.Active surveillance
This is carried out by paid workers
called “surveillance workers”.
2.Passive surveillance
This is carried out by local health
agencies like PHC , sub centres ,etc

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MALARIA CONTROL THROUGH
PRIMARY HEALTH CARE
-New approach to malaria control was approved
by WHO in 1978 i.e implementation of malaria
control in context of the primary health care
strategy.
-In 1999 Govt of india introduced “National
anti malaria programme”
-Components include
# early case detection and treatment

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# selective vector control and personal
protection methods.
# epidemic planning and rapid response
# intersectoral coordination
# use of larvivorous fish

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KALA-AZAR
 Kala-azar is slow progressive indegenous
disease caused by protozoan parasite
of genus LEISHMANIA.
 In india leishmania donovani is the only
parasite causing this diaease.
 Vector of this disease is SAND FLY.
(PHLEBOTOMUS AREGENTIPUS)

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 EXTENT OF KALA-AZAR
 Endemic in eastern states of India namely
Bihar , Jharkhand , UP and West Bengal.
 48 districts endemic ,sporadic cases
reported from few districts.
 Estimated 165.4 million population at risk
in 4 states

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CONTROL EFFORTS IN INDIA
• Organised centrally sponsored programme
launched in endemic areas in 1990-91
• PROGRAMME STRATEGY INCLUDES
-Vector control through spray of DDT
up to 6 feet height from the ground twice
annually.
-Early diagnosis and complete treatment
-Information education communication.
-Capacity building.

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• ACHIEVEMENT
By 2003 compared to 1992 there is
76.38% decline in incidence and 85.20%
decline in death.

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KALA-AZAR ELIMINATION
INITIATIVE
• It includes elimination of kala-azar to 100%
by the year 2010.
• In addition to kala-azar medicines & insect
-sides , cash assistance is being provided
to endemic state since dec 2003 to facilitate
effective strategy implementation by states