NURSING STREE JHGJHS JBJHS JHBFJSH JHBHJ JHBFFHJ HJJHHBJHHDFJH JHFHJDS FGSDF GDFGDFG DFGDSFG DFGDFSG DFGDSFG DSFG DFG DFG DFG DFG DSG SDFG DFG D FGD SG DFG DG ETS GFDF GDSF G SDGFDF GD FG G SDG SD FGH DFG SD GDSF G DFS GDS G DFGTHYTR ERT ER Y ERT ER T EY ERT WERWE Y ERR Y ERR T ERY ET Y ETY ERT ETY RT Y TY TR RTY E RTER T E TE RT ETY R T ER T ER TR ER RT T TY YT RT Y TY EY YT T ERY T Y RTY ER Y ER
Evidence based nursing practice is one of most important for perfect and accurate in terms of saving a life.this presentation covers almost all aspect of EBD
Evidence based nursing practice is one of most important for perfect and accurate in terms of saving a life.this presentation covers almost all aspect of EBD
Published in The Lancet in November 2018, GBD 2017 provides for the first time an independent estimation of population, for each of 195 countries and territories and the globe, using a standardized, replicable approach, as well as a comprehensive update on fertility. GBD 2017 incorporates major data additions and improvements, using a total of 68,781 data sources in the estimation process.
Objective: The aim of the study was to identify level of stress among nurses according to their job status. Background: Stress is highly associated with nursing profession. This stress is caused by several factors both personal and organizational such as educational level, gender, nature of work environment and work overload etc. These factors directly or indirectly expose nurses to a considerable level of stress. If a nurse works at two places, their stress level will predictably be much higher than that of those who work at a single place. Methodology: Quantitative analytical cross-sectional study design was applied in a private tertiary care hospital at Peshawar, Pakistan. Study population included all nurses working in the mentioned hospital. Universal sampling technique was used for double jobber nurses, while convenient sampling technique was used for single jobber nurses. An adopted questionnaire was used for data collection. Chi-square test was applied to analyze the data. Result: Among double jobber nurses, 23.33% had severe, 63.34% had moderate, and 13.33% had mild level of stress. On the other hand, there was no severe level of stress among single jobbers; only 20% had moderate and 80% had mild level of stress. Conclusion: The current study identified that level of stress was higher in double jobber nurses as compared to single jobber nurses. The study would have been more generalizable if more tertiary care hospitals were included for data collection.
Published in The Lancet in November 2018, GBD 2017 provides for the first time an independent estimation of population, for each of 195 countries and territories and the globe, using a standardized, replicable approach, as well as a comprehensive update on fertility. GBD 2017 incorporates major data additions and improvements, using a total of 68,781 data sources in the estimation process.
Objective: The aim of the study was to identify level of stress among nurses according to their job status. Background: Stress is highly associated with nursing profession. This stress is caused by several factors both personal and organizational such as educational level, gender, nature of work environment and work overload etc. These factors directly or indirectly expose nurses to a considerable level of stress. If a nurse works at two places, their stress level will predictably be much higher than that of those who work at a single place. Methodology: Quantitative analytical cross-sectional study design was applied in a private tertiary care hospital at Peshawar, Pakistan. Study population included all nurses working in the mentioned hospital. Universal sampling technique was used for double jobber nurses, while convenient sampling technique was used for single jobber nurses. An adopted questionnaire was used for data collection. Chi-square test was applied to analyze the data. Result: Among double jobber nurses, 23.33% had severe, 63.34% had moderate, and 13.33% had mild level of stress. On the other hand, there was no severe level of stress among single jobbers; only 20% had moderate and 80% had mild level of stress. Conclusion: The current study identified that level of stress was higher in double jobber nurses as compared to single jobber nurses. The study would have been more generalizable if more tertiary care hospitals were included for data collection.
Literature ReviewA search was conducted using electronic database.docxssuser47f0be
Literature Review:
A search was conducted using electronic databases in the fields of nursing, medicine, education, psychology, and sociology. Using ProQuest Direct and EBSCO search engines, the following databases were accessed: CINAHL (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature), MEDLINE in PubMed, Ovid, and PsycINFO. The search terms were grouped in the following key concepts: (a) occupational stress in nursing, (b) stress perception in nursing, (c) occupational stressors in nursing, (d) nursing generational diversity, and (e) coping in nursing. In a commentary on patient safety in nursing practice from the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Hughes and Clancy7 reported that complexity and bullying represent 2 clear examples of nurse stressors. Li and Lambert8 concluded that nurses who are more satisfied with their job are more likely to remain in the workforce and to be committed to delivering high-quality patient care. Hall9 found that healthcare professions have some unique characteristics leading to occupational stress including physical responsibility for people, potential catastrophic effects on the patient and the employee, frequent exposure to pain and suffering, and exposure to infectious diseases and potential hazardous substances. Hamaideh et al10 identified that death and dying were the strongest stressors perceived by Jordanian nurses. In this study, workload and guidance were found to be the most supportive behaviors provided to nurses facing stress followed by emotional support.10
Carver and Candela11 concluded that considering the global nursing shortage, managers should increase their knowledge of the generational diversity. It is suggested that understanding how to relate to multiple generations can lead to improved nursing work environments.11 Repar and Patton12 found that the combined effects of compassion fatigue, chronic grief, and emotional and physical exhaustion led to significant burnout and prolonged job dissatisfaction in the nursing profession. In this study, using guided sessions, a massage therapist gave 10-minute chair massages, and a visual, language, or musical artist engaged participants in imaginative and creative activities such as poetry reading, free writing, guided imagery, and listening to live music.12 The results suggest that the activities reduce some of the unpleasant, stressful, and tension-producing emotions that nurses typically experience at work, leaving them more peaceful and energized.12 Based on the findings of this review of the literature, it is recognized that stress is a major component of nursing and can be detrimental to nurse retention. In addition, most studies identified some differences that exist between the present generational nursing cohorts in terms of values and beliefs. No studies were identified reporting how work-related stress affects different generations of nurses, how the generations perceive stress, and what coping styles are used.
Study Des ...
Stress and Coping among the under Graduate Nursing Students A Cross Sectional...ijtsrd
Introduction: Stress among nursing students is an area of growing concern. Nursing students during their professional life undergo stress which may result in psychological distress, physical complaints, behavior problem, and poor academic performance. This study was undertaken to assess the level of stress and coping among the nursing students. Material and Methods: A Descriptive Cross Sectional study was carried out in the year 2015 among 346 nursing students in a selected college at Chidambaram taluk, Tamil Nadu. Data were collected by using demographic profile and Modified Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) and Coping Questionnaire for Adolescents (CQA) to assess the stress and coping level of the participants. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data. Results: The findings revealed that the overall stress level among nursing students, were under mild stress(27%), moderate stress(65%) and high stress (8%) and also the coping level among nursing students, had poor coping (4%), mild coping (43%), moderate coping (45%) and good coping (8%). Conclusion: From this study, the researcher highlights that an effective intervention strategies have to be taught to the B.Sc. nursing students to relieve stress by developing good coping mechanism during their training period to promote stress free life. Mrs. S. Kalaivani | Dr. (Mrs) D. Karaline Karunagari"Stress and Coping among the under Graduate Nursing Students A Cross Sectional Study" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-3 , April 2018, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd11393.pdf http://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/nursing/11393/stress-and-coping-among-the-under-graduate-nursing-students-a-cross-sectional-study/mrs-s-kalaivani
Stress and Healthcare Workers Productivity at Lexington Medical .docxcpatriciarpatricia
Stress and Healthcare Workers Productivity at Lexington Medical Center
ABSTRACT
The research proposal aim at assessing the effect of workplace stress on workers productivity at Lexington Medical Center. The objective of the research is to assess worker productivity, the stress level among health workers, and the extent to which their productivity and performance is related to stress levels. The research survey will be a cross section and it will involve 120 participants (about 20% of the total population) and it will be conducted through convenience sampling techniques and stratified sampling. The data will be collected using questionnaire and descriptive statistical regression analysis will be used for data analysis. Before the actual data collection, there will be pilot study to determine reliability of the
research process. At this stage, the research will include expert opinion to enhance validity of the research.
This abstract did not give a background and summary of your study, and your expected outcome
Keywords:Employee productivity/ job performance, work place stress/occupational stress, doctors, nurses, medical attendant Lexington Medical Center.
Table of Contents
Why do you have a background and Statement of the Problem? The background can be covered in the statement and description of the problem.
1CHAPTER ONE
11.0INTRODUCTION
11.1 Background to the Research Problem
31.2 Statement of the Research Problem
31.3 Objectives of the Study
31.3.1General Objective
41.3.2 Specific Objectives
41.4. Research Questions
Why do you have a General and a Specific Objectives and Research Question. Please read the textbook or my powertpoint and understand it. Also my dissertation..
41.4.1 General Research Question
41.4.2 Specific Research Questions
41.5 Relevance of the Research
51.6 Organization of the Dissertation (Why disseration? Disseration is totally different from a Research Proposal
51.7. Limitations
6CHAPTER TWO
62.0 LITERATURE REVIEW
62.1 Overview
62.2 Conceptual Definitions
72.2.1 Work Place Stress
72.2.2 Employee Performance
82.3. Theoretical Literature Review
82.3.1 Employees Performance Management
82.3.2 Stress at Workplace
10Work Stress and Employees Performance
10Theories of Work Stress
10The Job Demands-Control Theory (JD-C)
11The Role Theory
11Empirical Literature Review
12Assessing Employee Performance
132.5.3 Relationship between work Stresses and Employee Performance
13Research Gap Identified
142.9 Statement of Hypotheses
15CHAPTER THREE
153.0 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
153.1 Overview
153.2 Research Design
153.3 Study Population
153.4 Area of the Research
163.5.1 Sample Size
173.5.2 Sampling Procedure
183.6. Variables and Measurements
193.7 Methods and Instrument Used for Data Collection
193.8. Data Processing and Analysis
21CHAPTER FOUR
214.0 SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
214.1 Summary
22References
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION (Omit the numbers. LOOK AT MY DISSERATION)
1.1 Background You do not need to put backgr.
ASSESS THE LEVEL OF STRESS IN NURSES OFFICESS RELATED TO JOB STATISFACTION AT...SachinKumar945617
INTRODUCTION & REVIEW OF LITERATURE OF ASSESS THE LEVEL OF STRESS IN NURSES OFFICESS RELATED TO JOB STATISFACTION AT VARIOUS HOSPITAL
IF U WANT TO MAKE YOUR RESEACRH, PROJECT, PPT ETC CONTACT ME ON
EMAIL SACHINGONE220@GMAIL.COM
FACTORS CAUSING STRESS AMONG FEMALE DOCTORS (A COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN SELE...Editor Jacotech
It is an important task of working women to handle two
important tasks. Balancing these two roles at home and
work is very challenging task and causes stress at different
levels. Different dimension of working women’s life
involves in evolving the stress in working women’s life.
These stresses cause the imbalance at the front of and
handling family responsibility. In the current scenario,
doctors face many stressors that are peculiar to the medical
profession and doctors are required to have more
competencies than before in diagnosis ongoing
management of medical conditions. This means increased
responsibilities which may contribute to stress. Stress
experienced at work can have adverse outcomes for the
well-being of individual employees and organization as
whole. My study is focusing on identifying the factors
causing stress among female doctors working for public
and private hospitals and their stress levels associations
with respect to sector. A sample of 300 female doctors
from urban area participated in this study. Out of this, 150
each are from public and private hospitals respectively. A
self-made standardized tool was administered based on five
point scale. Results indicates that the values were found to
be 0.000 in all the cases except, psychosomatic problems
(0.004) which is lesser than (0.05) p-value resulting into
rejection of null hypotheses , consequently revealing an
association between sector of female doctors and stress due
to workload, working condition, physical exertion,
emotional exhaustion, job security, organizational support,
work family conflict, family adjustment, task demands,
psychosomatic problems, patient’s expectation and working
hours.
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2013, 10, 2214-2240; doi1TatianaMajor22
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2013, 10, 2214-2240; doi:10.3390/ijerph10062214
International Journal of
Environmental Research and
Public Health
ISSN 1660-4601
www.mdpi.com/journal/ijerph
Review
Burnout in Relation to Specific Contributing Factors and Health
Outcomes among Nurses: A Systematic Review
Natasha Khamisa
1,2,
*, Karl Peltzer
3,4,5
and Brian Oldenburg
2,6
1
School of Health Sciences, Department of Public Health, Monash South Africa, 144 Peter Road,
Roodepoort, Johannesburg 1725, South Africa
2
Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Victoria, Melbourne 3800,
Australia; E-Mail: [email protected]
3
Human Science Research Council, 134 Pretorius Street, Pretoria 0002, South Africa;
E-Mail: [email protected]
4
University of Limpopo, University Street, Turfloop, Sovenga, Polokwane 0727, South Africa
5
ASEAN Institute for Health Development, Mahidol University, Salaya 73170, Thailand
6
Monash Alfred Hospital Campus, Level 3 Burnet Tower, 89 Commercial Road, Melbourne 3004,
Australia
* Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: [email protected];
Tel.: +27-11-950-4450.
Received: 1 March 2013; in revised form: 16 May 2013 / Accepted: 24 May 2013 /
Published: 31 May 2013
Abstract: Nurses have been found to experience higher levels of stress-related burnout
compared to other health care professionals. Despite studies showing that both job
satisfaction and burnout are effects of exposure to stressful working environments, leading
to poor health among nurses, little is known about the causal nature and direction of these
relationships. The aim of this systematic review is to identify published research that has
formally investigated relationships between these variables. Six databases (including
CINAHL, COCHRANE, EMBASE, MEDLINE, PROQUEST and PsyINFO) were
searched for combinations of keywords, a manual search was conducted and an
independent reviewer was asked to cross validate all the electronically identified articles.
Of the eighty five articles that were identified from these databases, twenty one articles
were excluded based on exclusion criteria; hence, a total of seventy articles were included
in the study sample. The majority of identified studies exploring two and three way
relationships (n = 63) were conducted in developed countries. Existing research includes
OPEN ACCESS
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2013, 10 2215
predominantly cross-sectional studies (n = 68) with only a few longitudinal studies (n = 2);
hence, the evidence base for causality is still very limited. Despite minimal availability of
research concerning the small number of studies to investigate the relationships between
work-related stress, burnout, job satisfaction and the general health of nurses, this review
has identified some contradictory evidence for the role of job satisfaction. This emphasizes
the nee ...
Ghanizadeh, Abotorabi-Zarchi, mohammadiet al 158 IraMatthewTennant613
Ghanizadeh, Abotorabi-Zarchi, mohammadiet al
158 Iranian J Psychiatry 10:3, Jun 2015 ijps.tums.ac.ir
Environmental Psychology Effects on Mental Health
Job Satisfaction and Personal Well Being of Nurses
Sodeh Tavakkoli, MSc
1
Mohammad Mahdy Asaadi,
MD
2
Amir H Pakpour, PhD
3
Marzieh Hajiaghababaei, MSc
4
(add affiliation numbers
1 Landscape Architecht, Member
of IFLA ( International Federation
of Landscape Architects)
2 Department of Psychology ,
University of Payam-e –Noor,
Tehran, Iran
3 Social Determinants of Health
Research Center, Qazvin
University of Medical
Sciences,Qazvin, Iran.
4 Brain and Spinal Injury
Research Center, Neuroscience
Institute, Tehran University of
Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Corresponding author:
Marzieh Hajiaghababaei, MSc,
Brain and Spinal Cord Injury
Research Center (BASIR),
Neuroscience Institute, Tehran
University of Medical Sciences,
Imam Hospital, Gharib
street, Keshavarz boulevard,
Tehran, Iran, P.O. Box: 14-
19733141
Tel: +98(21)66581560
Fax: +98(21)66938885
Email: m-
[email protected]
Objective: Environmental psychology as a science could be useful in
understanding the dissociation between the man and the environment.
The aim of this study was to compare mental health, job satisfaction and
well-being of nurses who work in hospital environments with different
designs.
Material: This was a quasi-experimental study, in which 250 nurses filled
out the mental health, well-being and job satisfaction questionnaires.
They were categorized into 3 groups randomly. Group1 included 63
nurses who worked in an environment without any natural elements;
group 2 included 100 nurses who worked in an environment with natural
elements and group 3 included 87 nurses who worked in an environment
without any psychological and ergonomic design. The last group was only
stimulated by demonstrating visual stimulus. Data were analyzed using
the ANOVA and Tukey’s pursuit statistical method.
Results: The nurses who were working in an environment without any
natural elements reported significantly lower scores on mental health,
well-being and job satisfaction compared to those who were working in
other groups, with the exception of social functioning .
Moreover, depression and anxiety were more common in nurses who
were working in environments without any natural elements compared to
those in the other groups (p<0.05).
Conclusions: We can increase job satisfaction, and mental health and
well-being of the nurses through the use of natural design and
environmental psychology indexes in hospital buildings.
Keywords: Environmental Psychology, Mental Health, Job Satisfaction, Well-
being, Nurses
Today, Urbanization and separation of humans
from nature have caused enormous damages to
human beings. Influx to the cities and lack of space
caused the loss of natural spaces which is one of the
most importan ...
Perceived Stress among Medical Students: Prevalence, Source and Severity_Crim...CrimsonpublishersPPrs
Perceived Stress among Medical Students: Prevalence, Source and Severity by Samina Rafiquea in Psychology and Psychotherapy: Research Study: Journal of Psychology
2014-15 HWC Healthy Workplace Manage Stress
Campaign Partnership Meeting
Brussels, April 8 2014
Impact of stress and psychosocial risks on health and performance-
Evidence at the organizational level
Johannes Siegrist
Senior Professor of Workstress Research
University of Duesseldorf, Germany
Prix Galien International 2024 Forum ProgramLevi Shapiro
June 20, 2024, Prix Galien International and Jerusalem Ethics Forum in ROME. Detailed agenda including panels:
- ADVANCES IN CARDIOLOGY: A NEW PARADIGM IS COMING
- WOMEN’S HEALTH: FERTILITY PRESERVATION
- WHAT’S NEW IN THE TREATMENT OF INFECTIOUS,
ONCOLOGICAL AND INFLAMMATORY SKIN DISEASES?
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- GENE THERAPY
- BEYOND BORDERS: GLOBAL INITIATIVES FOR DEMOCRATIZING LIFE SCIENCE TECHNOLOGIES AND PROMOTING ACCESS TO HEALTHCARE
- ETHICAL CHALLENGES IN LIFE SCIENCES
- Prix Galien International Awards Ceremony
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
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Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
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These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
Anti ulcer drugs and their Advance pharmacology ||
Anti-ulcer drugs are medications used to prevent and treat ulcers in the stomach and upper part of the small intestine (duodenal ulcers). These ulcers are often caused by an imbalance between stomach acid and the mucosal lining, which protects the stomach lining.
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Pulmonary Thromboembolism - etilogy, types, medical- Surgical and nursing man...VarunMahajani
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Nursing stress
1. STRESS AMONG NURSING STAFF OF DIFFERENT HOSPITAL
OF SONIPAT (HARYANA)
Project report
For research academic purpose
MASTER IN HOSPITAL ADMINISTRATION
Submitted By:
PAWAN KUMAR
MHA (First year)
Roll No. 18001534012
Under the guidance of:
Dr.VANDNA SHARMA
Asst.Professor
DEPARTMENT OF MANAGEMENT STUDIES
DEENBANDHU CHOTU RAM UNIVERSITYOF
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
Murthal (Sonipat)
2019-2020
2. CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the project work titled “Stress Among Nursing Staff
Of Different Hospital Of Sonipat (Haryana)” in partial fulfillment for the
research purpose from Guru Deenbandhu Chotu Ram University Of
Science and Technology, Murthal under my Guidance. The information
given is authentic and has not copied from any source. This work has not
been submitted in any other university.
Date: GUIDE:
Place: Dr. Vandna Sharma
Department of Management studies
DCRUST, Murthal
3. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I express my deep sense of gratitude to my advisor Dr. Vandana Sharma
Assistant professor , Department of Management studies, DCRUST
Murthal, for her constructive council, unmatchable suggestions, critical
appreciation and encouragement throughout my project. I also take this
opportunity to express my deep in depth to Dr. (Prof.) Rajbir Singh,
Chairman Department of Management Studies for the encouragement and
for providing necessary facilities during the course of this project.
I also thanks to my all subjects teachers for co-operating throughout my
survey.
Finally, I also feel completely ineffable to express my sincere regards to
my parents for their love, enthusiasm and constant encouragement during
the whole period of my project.
(PAWAN KUMAR)
4. CONTENTS
CERTIFICATE
ACKNOWLEDEMENT
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION
CHAPTER 2 REVIEW OF LITERATURE
CHAPTER 3 RESEARCHMETHODOLOGY
Type of study
Place of study
Sampling method used
Sample size
Objective of study
Instruments
About ENSS
Sampling area
CHAPTER 4 RESULT/ DATA INTERPERTATION
CHAPTER 5 REFERENCE
APPENDICES
APPENDIX – A DATA COLLECTION FORM
.
6. Chapter-1 Introduction
Stress in the workplace is often referred to as occupational stress. The basic rational underpinning
the concept is that work situation has certain demands, and that problems in meeting these can lead
to illness or psychological distress. Occupational stress is a major health problem for both
individual employees and organizations, and can lead to burnout, illness, labour turnover,
absenteeism, poor morale and reduced efficiencyand performance Stress is the body's
reaction to a change that requires a physical, mental or emotional adjustment or response as defined
in Wikipedia. Stress is experienced by human being early, even before human are born. A small
amount stress is normal and necessary for surviving (Middlebrooks, J. S. &Audage, N. C. 2008) or
stress may be defined as change in body,s reaction which require a physical, emotional and mental
adjustment and response. Stress may come from different situation or response or ideas or filling
that makes a person feel frustrated, angry nervous or anxious.
Way back in 1960s, A Canadian endocrinologist and renowned stress theorist
Hans Selye noted, “No one can live without experiencing some degree of stress all the time”
In the European Union, stress is the most commonly found occupational risk. It comes after the
musculoskeletal and back pain. And it is also second most prevalent work associated health
problems. According to WHO Expert Committee (1985), work-related diseases are defined as a
“wide spectrum of diseases of multifactorial etiology, which are partly associated with profession
or working conditions”. Stress can influence all group of worker and all professional field.
In hospital, health care worker are highly exposed to higher level of occupational stress which
comes due to heavy work-loads, expending working hours and high level of pressure. Hospital
health care professional including physician and nurse, at the higher risk of affecting from mental
disorder as compare to the general population.
Nursing is a unique occupation which is characterized by the help of number of feature, which are
not experienced in other profession. These are not dealing only with situation, but dealing with
death and dying on regular basis.
In Karnataka (India), a study on work related stress of nurse is performed by the author Mr.
Shivaprasad (2013). The study result is problem relating to peer is (64%), death and dying (60%),
and problem relating to supervisors (56%). The investigators recommend that hospitals should take
counter measure to relive stress among nurses as nursing is regarded as apotentially stressful
occupation.
7. Chapter-2 Review of literature
A study was done by Dragana MILUTINOVIC, Boris GOLUBOVIC (2012) at all, on the nurses in
the Serbia, to identify and analyse professional stress in the nurse of Serbia. The research designed
as a cross study. Expended nursing stress scale (ENSS) was used as ainstrument . In this study the
respondent grouped according to their age (20 to29), 30 to 39, 40 to 49, 50 and over). For study
analysis ANOVA, means, standard devation are used as statistical tools. After the analysis death
and dying situations are most stressful, M=2.87; SD=0.92, where the problem with peers grouped
situations are rated M=2.09 and were considered the least stressful. The results also shows that
nurse in age category 30 to 39 years experienced a higher stress level as compare to younger co-
worker.
In Macao, a study was done by Ming Liu, Ken Gu at all (2015), The title of the study was
“perceived stress among Macao nursing students in the clinical learning environment”. Across
section study designed was used and the sampling size is 203 nursing students of higher education
institute of Macao.
To measure the nursing stress the stressors in nursing students Scale-Chinese version (SINS-CN).
The result showing overall SINS-CN mean score was 3.33 (SD=0.49),score of different
dimensions were: clinical, 3.44 (SD=0.54), education, 3.35 (SD=0.62), finance and time,3.31
(SD=0.72),confidence,3.21 (SD=0.60). and personal problem, 3.03 (SD=0.68).
Conclusion of this study was the Macao students ,experienced stress in clinical learning
environment. The most common stressors were related to educational and clinical dimensions.
In Taiwan, a study was done by Yueh-Chi and Chieh-Hsing Liu (2010).The title of the study was
“Factor and symptoms associated with work atress and health-promoting lifestyle among hospital
staff: aapilot study in Taiwan”
The study was done on the health wirker including physicians,nurses,medical technicians and
administrative staff.The study was conducted from may 1, 2010 to july 30,2010. The sample size of
the study was 775 professional health care worker. The instruments used in this study, Chines
version of job Content questionnaire (C-JCQ) and the health promoting lifestyle profile (HPLSP).
Result of this study was indicating that work related stress included 64.4% of subjects reporting
nervousness, 33.7% nightmares, 44.1% irritability. 40.8% headaches, 35.0% insomnia, and 41.4%
gastrointestinal upset.
The conclusion of this study, the researcher found that little decision-making authority, and low
level of social support were associated with the development of stress related symptoms.
8. Chapter-3 Research Methodology
Objective of study
To find out stress in nurse of different hospital of sonipat
Study design
The study was cross-sectional descriptive design using expended nursing stress scale (ENSS)
For data collection
Sampling and setting
The research was carried in the ICU,CCU,Ward,operation theatre, private room of the three
hospital namely Nidaan multispecialty hospital Sonipat, Civil hospital Sonepat, Tulip
multispecialty hospital Sonipat.The comprised of staff nurse working in multispeciality hospital
which mention above. Non probability convenient sampling technique was used for selection of 62
staff nurses.
Instruments
To evaluate and assess the stress among the nurses staff in different hospital of sonipat, we using
the expended nursing stress scale(ENSS).
About expended nursing stress scale (ENSS)
The ENSS is an advanced version of nursing stress scale (NSS). The NSS having 34 items,The NSS
is supported by the psychological model of the stress which are described by Appley and Trumbull
(1967), Lazarus (1966), and Lazarus and Folkman (1984).
The model develop a dynamic relationship between the person, the environment, and cognitive
appraisal of social demand as endangering well-being.
59 item ENSS was developed by Gray-Toft and Anderson (1981). Researcher use 59 item ENSS
which are related to physical, psychological, and social working environment All of 59 items are
arranged into Likert response scale which include following point;
Does not apply (0)
Never stressful (1)
Occasionally stressful (2)
Frequently stressful (3)
Extremely stressful (4)
The response (0) is specify that the respondent had never faced this type situation.
The response (1) indicated that respondent face particular but never stressed.
The response (2) indicated that respondent face particular situation and stress some time.
The response (3) indicate that respondent face situations and stress generally and at a time of
occurring of situation
The response (4) indicate that the respondent highly stressed when he or she faced the situation.
Data collection/procedure
9. The questionnaire was delivered to all nursing staff (62), after this sample was collected same day
or next day. The questionnaire was protected in locked cabinet. The information related to nursing
staff was not share with any one. Information collected regarding to nursing staff only for research
purpose.Questionnare was discarded after the use in the research.
Sample size
Sample size is 62 participants both male and female nurse of different hospital of sonipat.
Sample area
Researcher select the three hospital of sonipat namely
1. Tulip multispeciality hospital
2. Nidaanmultispeciality hospital
3. Civil hospital
Source of data collection
Primary data collection is the source of data collection
10. Chapter-4 Result / data interpretation
Frequencies
Frequency Table
Age (Year)
Frequency Percent Valid Percent
Cumulative
Percent
Valid 20-29 41 66.1 66.1 66.1
30-39 18 29.0 29.0 95.2
40-49 2 3.2 3.2 98.4
>50 1 1.6 1.6 100.0
Total 62 100.0 100.0
Maximumfrequencyforthe age of respondentsare (20-29) and minimumfrequencyforage of
respondentsare (>50)
Maximum percentage for the age (20-29) is 66 and minimum percentage for age (>50) is only 1.6
Statistics
Age (Year) Name of Hospital Gender Marital status Edu.level Work Exp (Year)
Working
unit
N Valid 62 62 62 62 62 62 61
Missing 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
Mean 1.40 1.84
Std. Deviation .639 .793 .
Name of Hospital
11. Rrespo
ndent
from the Tuip multispeciality hospital is 25 (40.3%), Rrespondent from the Nidaan multispeciality
hospital is 22 (35.5%), Rrespondent from the Civil hospital is 15 (24.2)
Gender
Frequency Percent Valid Percent
Cumulative
Percent
Valid male 14 22.6 22.6 22.6
female 48 77.4 77.4 100.0
Total 62 100.0 100.0
Male respondents are 14 (22.6%),Female respondents are 48 (77.4%)
Married respondents are 42, unmarried respondents are 20
Edu.level
Frequency Percent Valid Percent
Cumulative
Percent
Valid Diploma 45 72.6 72.6 72.6
Graduation 17 27.4 27.4 100.0
Total 62 100.0 100.0
Level of education “Diploma”respondents are 45
Level of education “Graduation”respondents are 17
Frequency Percent Valid Percent
Cumulative
Percent
Valid tulip multispecialityhospital
(sonipat)
25 40.3 40.3 40.3
nidaan multispeciality
hospital (sonipat)
22 35.5 35.5 75.8
civil hospital (sonipat 15 24.2 24.2 100.0
Total 62 100.0 100.0
Marital status
Frequency Percent Valid Percent
Cumulative
Percent
Valid married 42 67.7 67.7 67.7
unmarried 20 32.3 32.3 100.0
Total 62 100.0 100.0
12. Work Exp (Year)
Frequency Percent Valid Percent
Cumulative
Percent
Valid 0 4 6.5 6.5 6.5
<1 13 21.0 21.0 27.4
2-5 15 24.2 24.2 51.6
6-10 14 22.6 22.6 74.2
11-15 11 17.7 17.7 91.9
16-20 1 1.6 1.6 93.5
21-25 1 1.6 1.6 95.2
26-30 2 3.2 3.2 98.4
8 1 1.6 1.6 100.0
Total 62 100.0 100.0
Maximum work experience of respondents are “2-5 year”are 15 (24.2%)
Maximum respondents work in ward 20 (32.3%)
Minimum respondents work in Private room 1 (1.6%)
Bar Chart
Working unit
Frequency Percent Valid Percent
Cumulative
Percent
Valid ICU 14 22.6 23.0 23.0
CCU 12 19.4 19.7 42.6
Ward 20 32.3 32.8 75.4
Operation room 14 22.6 23.0 98.4
Private room 1 1.6 1.6 100.0
Total 61 98.4 100.0
Missing System 1 1.6
Total 62 100.0
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18. Reliability
Case Processing Summary
N %
Cases Valid 53 85.5
Excludeda
9 14.5
Total 62 100.0
a. Listwise deletion based on all variables in the
procedure.
Reliability Statistics
Cronbach's
Alpha N of Items
.909 59
Frequency Table
19. Performing procedures that patients experience as painful
Frequency Percent Valid Percent
Cumulative
Percent
Valid Does notapply 6 9.7 9.7 9.7
Never stressful 16 25.8 25.8 35.5
Occasionallystressful 24 38.7 38.7 74.2
Frequently stressful 12 19.4 19.4 93.5
Extremly stressful 4 6.5 6.5 100.0
Total 62 100.0 100.0
Criticism by a physician
Frequency Percent Valid Percent
Cumulative
Percent
Valid Does notapply 12 19.4 19.4 19.4
Never stressful 8 12.9 12.9 32.3
Occasionallystressful 15 24.2 24.2 56.5
Frequently stressful 13 21.0 21.0 77.4
Extremly stressful 14 22.6 22.6 100.0
Total 62 100.0 100.0
Feeling inadequately prepared to help with the emotional needs of a patient's family
Frequency Percent Valid Percent
Cumulative
Percent
Valid Does notapply 9 14.5 14.5 14.5
Never stressful 7 11.3 11.3 25.8
Occasionallystressful 27 43.5 43.5 69.4
Frequently stressful 8 12.9 12.9 82.3
Extremly stressful 11 17.7 17.7 100.0
Total 62 100.0 100.0
Lack of opportunity to talk openly with other personnel about problems in the work setting.
Frequency Percent Valid Percent
Cumulative
Percent
Valid Does notapply 4 6.5 6.5 6.5
Never stressful 17 27.4 27.4 33.9
Occasionallystressful 19 30.6 30.6 64.5
Frequently stressful 14 22.6 22.6 87.1
Extremly stressful 8 12.9 12.9 100.0
Total 62 100.0 100.0
20. Conflict with a supervisor
Frequency Percent Valid Percent
Cumulative
Percent
Valid Does notapply 13 21.0 21.0 21.0
Never stressful 12 19.4 19.4 40.3
Occasionallystressful 24 38.7 38.7 79.0
Frequently stressful 11 17.7 17.7 96.8
Extremly stressful 2 3.2 3.2 100.0
Total 62 100.0 100.0
Breakdown of computer
Frequency Percent Valid Percent
Cumulative
Percent
Valid Does notapply 10 16.1 16.1 16.1
Never stressful 16 25.8 25.8 41.9
Occasionallystressful 21 33.9 33.9 75.8
Frequently stressful 7 11.3 11.3 87.1
Extremly stressful 8 12.9 12.9 100.0
Total 62 100.0 100.0
Inadequate information from a physician regarding the medical condition of a patient
Frequency Percent Valid Percent
Cumulative
Percent
Valid Does notapply 10 16.1 16.1 16.1
Never stressful 10 16.1 16.1 32.3
Occasionallystressful 23 37.1 37.1 69.4
Frequently stressful 7 11.3 11.3 80.6
Extremly stressful 12 19.4 19.4 100.0
Total 62 100.0 100.0
Patients making unreasonable demands
Frequency Percent Valid Percent
Cumulative
Percent
Valid Does notapply 8 12.9 12.9 12.9
Never stressful 5 8.1 8.1 21.0
Occasionallystressful 24 38.7 38.7 59.7
Frequently stressful 12 19.4 19.4 79.0
Extremly stressful 13 21.0 21.0 100.0
Total 62 100.0 100.0
21. Being sexually harassed
Frequency Percent Valid Percent
Cumulative
Percent
Valid Does notapply 30 48.4 48.4 48.4
Never stressful 2 3.2 3.2 51.6
Occasionallystressful 15 24.2 24.2 75.8
Frequently stressful 6 9.7 9.7 85.5
Extremly stressful 9 14.5 14.5 100.0
Total 62 100.0 100.0
Feeling helpless in the case of a patient who fails to improve.
Frequency Percent Valid Percent
Cumulative
Percent
Valid Does notapply 11 17.7 17.7 17.7
Never stressful 9 14.5 14.5 32.3
Occasionallystressful 23 37.1 37.1 69.4
Frequently stressful 10 16.1 16.1 85.5
Extremly stressful 9 14.5 14.5 100.0
Total 62 100.0 100.0
Conflict with a physician
Frequency Percent Valid Percent
Cumulative
Percent
Valid Does notapply 16 25.8 25.8 25.8
Never stressful 7 11.3 11.3 37.1
Occasionallystressful 21 33.9 33.9 71.0
Frequently stressful 4 6.5 6.5 77.4
Extremly stressful 14 22.6 22.6 100.0
Total 62 100.0 100.0
Being asked a question by a patient for which I do not have a satisfactory answer
Frequency Percent Valid Percent
Cumulative
Percent
Valid Does notapply 8 12.9 12.9 12.9
Never stressful 9 14.5 14.5 27.4
Occasionallystressful 28 45.2 45.2 72.6
Frequently stressful 7 11.3 11.3 83.9
Extremly stressful 10 16.1 16.1 100.0
Total 62 100.0 100.0
22. Lack of opportunity to share experiences and feelings with other personnel in the work
setting
Frequency Percent Valid Percent
Cumulative
Percent
Valid Does notapply 12 19.4 19.4 19.4
Never stressful 18 29.0 29.0 48.4
Occasionallystressful 13 21.0 21.0 69.4
Frequently stressful 14 22.6 22.6 91.9
Extremly stressful 5 8.1 8.1 100.0
Total 62 100.0 100.0
Floating to other units/services that are short-staffed
Frequency Percent Valid Percent
Cumulative
Percent
Valid Does notapply 10 16.1 16.1 16.1
Never stressful 12 19.4 19.4 35.5
Occasionallystressful 22 35.5 35.5 71.0
Frequently stressful 13 21.0 21.0 91.9
Extremly stressful 5 8.1 8.1 100.0
Total 62 100.0 100.0
Unpredictable staffing and scheduling
Frequency Percent Valid Percent
Cumulative
Percent
Valid Does notapply 14 22.6 22.6 22.6
Never stressful 1 1.6 1.6 24.2
Occasionallystressful 19 30.6 30.6 54.8
Frequently stressful 15 24.2 24.2 79.0
Extremly stressful 13 21.0 21.0 100.0
Total 62 100.0 100.0
A physician ordering what appears to be inappropriate treatment for a patient
Frequency Percent Valid Percent
Cumulative
Percent
Valid Does notapply 9 14.5 14.5 14.5
Never stressful 12 19.4 19.4 33.9
Occasionallystressful 18 29.0 29.0 62.9
Frequently stressful 11 17.7 17.7 80.6
Extremly stressful 12 19.4 19.4 100.0
Total 62 100.0 100.0
23. Patients' families making unreasonable demands
Frequency Percent Valid Percent
Cumulative
Percent
Valid Does notapply 6 9.7 9.7 9.7
Never stressful 4 6.5 6.5 16.1
Occasionallystressful 25 40.3 40.3 56.5
Frequently stressful 16 25.8 25.8 82.3
Extremly stressful 11 17.7 17.7 100.0
Total 62 100.0 100.0
Experiencing discrimination because of race or ethnicity
Frequency Percent Valid Percent
Cumulative
Percent
Valid Does notapply 21 33.9 33.9 33.9
Never stressful 8 12.9 12.9 46.8
Occasionallystressful 15 24.2 24.2 71.0
Frequently stressful 10 16.1 16.1 87.1
Extremly stressful 8 12.9 12.9 100.0
Total 62 100.0 100.0
Listening or talking to a patient about his/her approaching death
Frequency Percent Valid Percent
Cumulative
Percent
Valid Does notapply 18 29.0 29.0 29.0
Never stressful 9 14.5 14.5 43.5
Occasionallystressful 20 32.3 32.3 75.8
Frequently stressful 6 9.7 9.7 85.5
Extremly stressful 9 14.5 14.5 100.0
Total 62 100.0 100.0
Fear of making a mistake in treating a patient
Frequency Percent Valid Percent
Cumulative
Percent
Valid Does notapply 8 12.9 12.9 12.9
Never stressful 13 21.0 21.0 33.9
Occasionallystressful 15 24.2 24.2 58.1
Frequently stressful 13 21.0 21.0 79.0
Extremly stressful 13 21.0 21.0 100.0
Total 62 100.0 100.0
24. Feeling inadequately prepared to help with the emotional needs of a patient
Frequency Percent Valid Percent
Cumulative
Percent
Valid Does notapply 12 19.4 19.4 19.4
Never stressful 8 12.9 12.9 32.3
Occasionallystressful 28 45.2 45.2 77.4
Frequently stressful 10 16.1 16.1 93.5
Extremly stressful 4 6.5 6.5 100.0
Total 62 100.0 100.0
Lack of an opportunity to express to other personnel on the unit my negative feelings
towards patients
Frequency Percent Valid Percent
Cumulative
Percent
Valid Does notapply 19 30.6 30.6 30.6
Never stressful 10 16.1 16.1 46.8
Occasionallystressful 12 19.4 19.4 66.1
Frequently stressful 14 22.6 22.6 88.7
Extremly stressful 7 11.3 11.3 100.0
Total 62 100.0 100.0
Difficulty in working with a particular nurse (or nurses) in my immediate work setting
Frequency Percent Valid Percent
Cumulative
Percent
Valid Does notapply 16 25.8 25.8 25.8
Never stressful 20 32.3 32.3 58.1
Occasionallystressful 14 22.6 22.6 80.6
Frequently stressful 9 14.5 14.5 95.2
Extremly stressful 3 4.8 4.8 100.0
Total 62 100.0 100.0
Difficulty in working with a particular nurse (or nurses) outside my immediate work setting
Frequency Percent Valid Percent
Cumulative
Percent
Valid Does notapply 6 9.7 9.8 9.8
Never stressful 27 43.5 44.3 54.1
Occasionallystressful 12 19.4 19.7 73.8
Frequently stressful 6 9.7 9.8 83.6
Extremly stressful 10 16.1 16.4 100.0
Total 61 98.4 100.0
Missing System 1 1.6
Total 62 100.0
25. Not enough time to provide emotional support to the patient
Frequency Percent Valid Percent
Cumulative
Percent
Valid Does notapply 6 9.7 9.7 9.7
Never stressful 24 38.7 38.7 48.4
Occasionallystressful 19 30.6 30.6 79.0
Frequently stressful 7 11.3 11.3 90.3
Extremly stressful 6 9.7 9.7 100.0
Total 62 100.0 100.0
A physician not being present in a medical emergency
Frequency Percent Valid Percent
Cumulative
Percent
Valid Does notapply 18 29.0 29.5 29.5
Never stressful 6 9.7 9.8 39.3
Occasionallystressful 10 16.1 16.4 55.7
Frequently stressful 10 16.1 16.4 72.1
Extremly stressful 17 27.4 27.9 100.0
Total 61 98.4 100.0
Missing System 1 1.6
Total 62 100.0
Being blamed for anything that goes wrong
Frequency Percent Valid Percent
Cumulative
Percent
Valid Does notapply 2 3.2 3.2 3.2
Never stressful 12 19.4 19.4 22.6
Occasionallystressful 28 45.2 45.2 67.7
Frequently stressful 11 17.7 17.7 85.5
Extremly stressful 9 14.5 14.5 100.0
Total 62 100.0 100.0
Experiencing discrimination on the basis of sex
Frequency Percent Valid Percent
Cumulative
Percent
Valid Does notapply 23 37.1 37.1 37.1
Never stressful 8 12.9 12.9 50.0
Occasionallystressful 8 12.9 12.9 62.9
Frequently stressful 10 16.1 16.1 79.0
Extremly stressful 13 21.0 21.0 100.0
Total 62 100.0 100.0
26. The death of a patient
Frequency Percent Valid Percent
Cumulative
Percent
Valid Does notapply 8 12.9 12.9 12.9
Never stressful 10 16.1 16.1 29.0
Occasionallystressful 17 27.4 27.4 56.5
Frequently stressful 11 17.7 17.7 74.2
Extremly stressful 16 25.8 25.8 100.0
Total 62 100.0 100.0
Criticism by a supervisor
Frequency Percent Valid Percent
Cumulative
Percent
Valid Does notapply 14 22.6 22.6 22.6
Never stressful 13 21.0 21.0 43.5
Occasionallystressful 19 30.6 30.6 74.2
Frequently stressful 8 12.9 12.9 87.1
Extremly stressful 8 12.9 12.9 100.0
Total 62 100.0 100.0
Disagreement concerning the treatment of a patient
Frequency Percent Valid Percent
Cumulative
Percent
Valid Does notapply 9 14.5 14.5 14.5
Never stressful 3 4.8 4.8 19.4
Occasionallystressful 28 45.2 45.2 64.5
Frequently stressful 7 11.3 11.3 75.8
Extremly stressful 15 24.2 24.2 100.0
Total 62 100.0 100.0
27. Not enough time to complete all of my nursing tasks
Frequency Percent Valid Percent
Cumulative
Percent
Valid Does notapply 8 12.9 12.9 12.9
Never stressful 11 17.7 17.7 30.6
Occasionallystressful 22 35.5 35.5 66.1
Frequently stressful 11 17.7 17.7 83.9
Extremly stressful 10 16.1 16.1 100.0
Total 62 100.0 100.0
Not knowing what a patient or a patient's family ought to be told about the patient's
condition and its treatment
Frequency Percent Valid Percent
Cumulative
Percent
Valid Does notapply 16 25.8 25.8 25.8
Never stressful 10 16.1 16.1 41.9
Occasionallystressful 21 33.9 33.9 75.8
Frequently stressful 9 14.5 14.5 90.3
Extremly stressful 6 9.7 9.7 100.0
Total 62 100.0 100.0
Being the one that has to deal with patients' families
Frequency Percent Valid Percent
Cumulative
Percent
Valid
Having to deal with violent patients
Frequency Percent Valid Percent
Cumulative
Percent
Valid Does notapply 4 6.5 6.5 6.5
Never stressful 10 16.1 16.1 22.6
Occasionallystressful 23 37.1 37.1 59.7
Frequently stressful 11 17.7 17.7 77.4
Extremly stressful 14 22.6 22.6 100.0
Total 62 100.0 100.0
Does notapply 6 9.7 9.7 9.7
Never stressful 5 8.1 8.1 17.7
Occasionallystressful 27 43.5 43.5 61.3
Frequently stressful 16 25.8 25.8 87.1
Extremly stressful 8 12.9 12.9 100.0
Total
62 100.0 100.0
28. Being exposed to health and safety hazards
Frequency Percent Valid Percent
Cumulative
Percent
Valid Does notapply 2 3.2 3.2 3.2
Never stressful 7 11.3 11.3 14.5
Occasionallystressful 17 27.4 27.4 41.9
Frequently stressful 18 29.0 29.0 71.0
Extremly stressful 18 29.0 29.0 100.0
Total 62 100.0 100.0
The death of a patient with whom you developed a close relationship
Frequency Percent Valid Percent
Cumulative
Percent
Valid Does notapply 13 21.0 21.0 21.0
Never stressful 4 6.5 6.5 27.4
Occasionallystressful 29 46.8 46.8 74.2
Frequently stressful 8 12.9 12.9 87.1
Extremly stressful 8 12.9 12.9 100.0
Total 62 100.0 100.0
Making a decision concerning a patient when the physician is unavailable
Frequency Percent Valid Percent
Cumulative
Percent
Valid Does notapply 6 9.7 9.7 9.7
Never stressful 14 22.6 22.6 32.3
Occasionallystressful 19 30.6 30.6 62.9
Frequently stressful 15 24.2 24.2 87.1
Extremly stressful 8 12.9 12.9 100.0
Total 62 100.0 100.0
Being in charge with inadequate experience
Frequency Percent Valid Percent
Cumulative
Percent
Valid Does notapply 11 17.7 17.7 17.7
Never stressful 11 17.7 17.7 35.5
Occasionallystressful 23 37.1 37.1 72.6
Frequently stressful 11 17.7 17.7 90.3
Extremly stressful 6 9.7 9.7 100.0
Total 62 100.0 100.0
29. Lack of support by nursing administrators
Frequency Percent Valid Percent
Cumulative
Percent
Valid Does notapply 14 22.6 22.6 22.6
Never stressful 11 17.7 17.7 40.3
Occasionallystressful 15 24.2 24.2 64.5
Frequently stressful 10 16.1 16.1 80.6
Extremly stressful 12 19.4 19.4 100.0
Total 62 100.0 100.0
Too many non-nursing tasks required, such as clerical work
Frequency Percent Valid Percent
Cumulative
Percent
Valid Does notapply 18 29.0 29.5 29.5
Never stressful 8 12.9 13.1 42.6
Occasionallystressful 20 32.3 32.8 75.4
Frequently stressful 7 11.3 11.5 86.9
Extremly stressful 8 12.9 13.1 100.0
Total 61 98.4 100.0
Missing System 1 1.6
Total 62 100.0
Not enough time to respond to the needs of patients' families
Frequency Percent Valid Percent
Cumulative
Percent
Valid Does notapply 9 14.5 14.5 14.5
Never stressful 16 25.8 25.8 40.3
Occasionallystressful 19 30.6 30.6 71.0
Frequently stressful 10 16.1 16.1 87.1
Extremly stressful 8 12.9 12.9 100.0
Total 62 100.0 100.0
Being held accountable for things over which I have no control
Frequency Percent Valid Percent
Cumulative
Percent
Valid Does notapply 9 14.5 14.5 14.5
Never stressful 4 6.5 6.5 21.0
Occasionallystressful 22 35.5 35.5 56.5
Frequently stressful 16 25.8 25.8 82.3
Extremly stressful 11 17.7 17.7 100.0
Total 62 100.0 100.0
30. Physician(s) not being present when a patient dies
Frequency Percent Valid Percent
Cumulative
Percent
Valid Does notapply 14 22.6 23.0 23.0
Never stressful 4 6.5 6.6 29.5
Occasionallystressful 17 27.4 27.9 57.4
Frequently stressful 14 22.6 23.0 80.3
Extremly stressful 12 19.4 19.7 100.0
Total 61 98.4 100.0
Missing System 1 1.6
Total 62 100.0
Having to organize doctors' work
Frequency Percent Valid Percent
Cumulative
Percent
Valid Does notapply 11 17.7 17.7 17.7
Never stressful 21 33.9 33.9 51.6
Occasionallystressful 13 21.0 21.0 72.6
Frequently stressful 9 14.5 14.5 87.1
Extremly stressful 8 12.9 12.9 100.0
Total 62 100.0 100.0
Lack of support from other health care administrators
Frequency Percent Valid Percent
Cumulative
Percent
Valid Does notapply 12 19.4 19.4 19.4
Never stressful 16 25.8 25.8 45.2
Occasionallystressful 22 35.5 35.5 80.6
Frequently stressful 5 8.1 8.1 88.7
Extremly stressful 7 11.3 11.3 100.0
Total 62 100.0 100.0
Difficulty in working with nurses of the opposite sex
Frequency Percent Valid Percent
Cumulative
Percent
Valid Does notapply 12 19.4 19.7 19.7
Never stressful 23 37.1 37.7 57.4
Occasionallystressful 9 14.5 14.8 72.1
Frequently stressful 8 12.9 13.1 85.2
31. Extremly stressful 9 14.5 14.8 100.0
Total 61 98.4 100.0
Missing System 1 1.6
Total 62 100.0
Demands of patient classification system
Frequency Percent Valid Percent
Cumulative
Percent
Valid Does notapply 10 16.1 16.1 16.1
Never stressful 23 37.1 37.1 53.2
Occasionallystressful 19 30.6 30.6 83.9
Frequently stressful 4 6.5 6.5 90.3
Extremly stressful 6 9.7 9.7 100.0
Total 62 100.0 100.0
Having to deal with abuse from patients' families
Frequency Percent Valid Percent
Cumulative
Percent
Valid Does notapply 7 11.3 11.5 11.5
Never stressful 10 16.1 16.4 27.9
Occasionallystressful 21 33.9 34.4 62.3
Frequently stressful 12 19.4 19.7 82.0
Extremly stressful 11 17.7 18.0 100.0
Total 61 98.4 100.0
Missing System 1 1.6
Total 62 100.0
Watching a patient suffer
Frequency Percent Valid Percent
Cumulative
Percent
Valid Does notapply 11 17.7 17.7 17.7
Never stressful 11 17.7 17.7 35.5
Occasionallystressful 18 29.0 29.0 64.5
Frequently stressful 11 17.7 17.7 82.3
Extremly stressful 11 17.7 17.7 100.0
Total 62 100.0 100.0
Criticism by nursing administration
Frequency Percent Valid Percent
Cumulative
Percent
Valid Does notapply 11 17.7 17.7 17.7
32. Never stressful 13 21.0 21.0 38.7
Occasionallystressful 18 29.0 29.0 67.7
Frequently stressful 8 12.9 12.9 80.6
Extremly stressful 12 19.4 19.4 100.0
Total 62 100.0 100.0
Having to work through breaks
Frequency Percent Valid Percent
Cumulative
Percent
Valid Does notapply 13 21.0 21.7 21.7
Never stressful 17 27.4 28.3 50.0
Occasionallystressful 12 19.4 20.0 70.0
Frequently stressful 12 19.4 20.0 90.0
Extremly stressful 6 9.7 10.0 100.0
Total 60 96.8 100.0
Missing System 2 3.2
Total 62 100.0
Not knowing whether patients' families will report you for inadequate care
Frequency Percent Valid Percent
Cumulative
Percent
Valid Does notapply 12 19.4 19.7 19.7
Never stressful 18 29.0 29.5 49.2
Occasionallystressful 22 35.5 36.1 85.2
Frequently stressful 3 4.8 4.9 90.2
Extremly stressful 6 9.7 9.8 100.0
Total 61 98.4 100.0
Missing System 1 1.6
Total 62 100.0
Having to make decisions under pressure
Frequency Percent Valid Percent
Cumulative
Percent
Valid Does notapply 13 21.0 21.0 21.0
Never stressful 12 19.4 19.4 40.3
Occasionallystressful 15 24.2 24.2 64.5
Frequently stressful 11 17.7 17.7 82.3
Extremly stressful 11 17.7 17.7 100.0
Total 62 100.0 100.0
33. Chapter-5 Reference
1.Tao Hong, Ellenbacker H. Carlo, et al(2015). Examining perception of job satisfaction and
intention to leave ICU nurses among ICU nurses in China,International journal of nursing sciences
(141-148)
2.French.E.Susan, Lenton Rhonda, et al, An empirical evaluation of an expanded nursing stress
scale.Journal of nursing measurement,Vol 8 (161-178)
3. Milutinovic Dragana, Golubovic Boris (2012), et al. Professional stress and health among
critical care nurse in Serbia.Arh Hig Toksikol 2012;63:171-180
4. Amati Monica, Tomasetti Marco, et al (2009). Relationship of job satisfaction, psychological
distress and stress-related biological parameters among healthy nurse: a longitudinal study.
Journal of occupational health (1-19).
5.Ming Liu,Gu Ken, et al (2015) .Perceived stress among macao nursing students in the clinical
learning environment. International journal of nursing sciences (128-133)
6.Rogers E. Ann, Hwang Wel-Ting, et al (2004). The working hours of hospital staff nurses and
patient safety. Health affairs-vol 23 (202-212)
7. Laal Marjan (2013), job stress management in nurses. Procedia- social and behavioral science 84
(437-442)
8. Tsai Yueh-Chi,Liu Chieh-Hsing (2012). Factors and symptoms associates with work stress and
health-promoting lifestyle among hospital staff: a pilot study in Taiwan Tsai and Liu BMC Health
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9.A.H. Shivprasad.,PGCDE, RN.Work related stress of nurses. Journal of psychiatric nursing (53-
58)
34. Appendix
APPENDIX (A): EXPANDED NURSING STRESS SCALE
Age: …………..
What is your Gender?
A) Male
B) Female
What is the highest level of nursing education that you have?
A) Diploma
B) Graduation
c) Post graduate
In which type of setting do you work?
A) ICU
B) CCU
C) Ward
D) Operation Room
E) Private room
F) Other
What is your marital status?
A) Married
B) Unmarried
Name of hospital……………………………………………….
Below is a list of situations that commonly occur in a work setting. For each situation you
Have encountered in your presenting work setting, would you indicate how stressful it has
Been for you:
1 = Never stressful.
2 = occasionally stressful.
3 = frequently stressful.
4 = extremely stressful.
0 = doesn’t apply.
35. APPENDIX (A): EXPANDED NURSING STRESS SCALE (ENSS).
Please circle the one number for each question that
comes closest to reflecting your opinion About it.
Neverstressful
Occasionallystressful
Frequentlystressful
Extremelystressful
Doesn’tApply
1
Performing procedures that patients experience as painful 1 2 3 4 0
2 Criticism by a physician 1 2 3 4 0
3 Feeling inadequately prepared to help with the emotional
needs of a patient's family
1 2 3 4 0
4
Lack of opportunity to talk openly with other personnel
about problems in the work setting.
1 2 3 4 0
5 Conflict with a supervisor 1 2 3 4 0
6 Breakdown of computer 1 2 3 4 0
7 Inadequate information from a physician regarding the
medical condition of a Patient
1 2 3 4 0
8 Patients making unreasonable demands 1 2 3 4 0
9 Being sexually harassed 1 2 3 4 0
10 Feeling helpless in the case of a patient who fails to
improve
1 2 3 4 0
11 Conflict with a physician 1 2 3 4 0
12 Being asked a question by a patient for which I do not
have a satisfactory answer
1 2 3 4 0
13 Lack of opportunity to share experiences and feelings
with other personnel in the work setting
1 2 3 4 0
14 Floating to other units/services that are short-staffed 1 2 3 4 0
15 Unpredictable staffing and scheduling 1 2 3 4 0
16 A physician ordering what appears to be inappropriate
treatment for a patient
1 2 3 4 0
17 Patients' families making unreasonable demands 1 2 3 4 0
18 Experiencing discrimination because of race or ethnicity 1 2 3 4 0
36. 19 Listening or talking to a patient about his/her approaching
death
1 2 3 4 0
20 Fear of making a mistake in treating a patient 1 2 3 4 0
21 Feeling inadequately prepared to help with the emotional
needs of a patient
1 2 3 4 0
22 Lack of an opportunity to express to other personnel on
the unit my negative feelings towards patients
1 2 3 4 0
23 Difficulty in working with a particular nurse (or nurses) in
my immediate work Setting
1 2 3 4 0
24 Difficulty in working with a particular nurse (or nurses)
outside my immediate work setting
1 2 3 4 0
25 Not enough time to provide emotional support to the
patient
1 2 3 4 0
26 A physician not being present in a medical emergency 1 2 3 4 0
27 Being blamed for anything that goes wrong 1 2 3 4 0
28 Experiencing discrimination on the basis of sex 1 2 3 4 0
29 The death of a patient 1 2 3 4 0
30 Disagreement concerning the treatment of a patient 1 2 3 4 0
31 Feeling inadequately trained for what I have to do 1 2 3 4 0
32 Lack of support from my immediate supervisor 1 2 3 4 0
33 Criticism by a supervisor 1 2 3 4 0
34 Not enough time to complete all of my nursing tasks 1 2 3 4 0
35 Not knowing what a patient or a patient's family ought to
be told about the patient's condition and its treatment
1 2 3 4 0
36 Being the one that has to deal with patients' families 1 2 3 4 0
37 Having to deal with violent patients 1 2 3 4 0
38 Being exposed to health and safety hazards 1 2 3 4 0
39 The death of a patient with whom you developed a close
relationship
1 2 3 4 0
40 Making a decision concerning a patient when the
physician is unavailable
1 2 3 4 0
41
Being in charge with inadequate experience 1 2 3 4 0
42 Lack of support by nursing administrators 1 2 3 4 0
43 Too many non-nursing tasks required, such as clerical
work
1 2 3 4 0
44 Not enough staff to adequately cover the unit 1 2 3 4 0
37. 45 Uncertainty regarding the operation and functioning of
specialized equipment
1 2 3 4 0
46 Having to deal with abusive patients 1 2 3 4 0
47 Not enough time to respond to the needs of patients'
families
1 2 3 4 0
48 Being held accountable for things over which I have no
control
1 2 3 4 0
49 Physician(s) not being present when a patient dies 1 2 3 4 0
50 Having to organize doctors' work 1 2 3 4 0
51 Lack of support from other health care administrators 1 2 3 4 0
52 Difficulty in working with nurses of the opposite sex 1 2 3 4 0
53 Demands of patient classification system 1 2 3 4 0
54 Having to deal with abuse from patients' families 1 2 3 4 0
55 Watching a patient suffer 1 2 3 4 0
56 Criticism by nursing administration 1 2 3 4 0
57 Having to work through breaks 1 2 3 4 0
58
Not knowing whether patients' families will report you for
inadequate care
1 2 3 4 0
59
Having to make decisions under pressure 1 2 3 4 0