The document discusses nuclear fusion as a potential energy source, highlighting the process by which hydrogen nuclei fuse to form helium, releasing energy. It explains two types of fusion reactors: magnetic confinement reactors and inertial confinement reactors, and notes challenges in making viable fusion power due to high costs. Additionally, it touches on alternative fusion fuels such as deuterium, tritium, and helium-3, concluding with a reference to the historical figure Abbas ibn Firnas and his attempts at flight.

1. NUCLEAR FUSION POWER
REACTOR

2. ONE OF THE FUNDAMENTAL SOURCES THAT WE
NEED IN THIS WORLD IS ENERGY.

3. NOWADAYS, OUR SOURCES OF ENERGY IS..
BURNING FOSSIL FUELS SPLITTING ATOMS PHOTOVOLTAIC

4. BUT, THOSE SOURCE ENERGY HAVE ITS
DOWNSIDE EFFECTS

5. SO SCIENTIST DISCOVERS GREAT IDEA BY
PRODUCING..
POWER OF SUNLIGHT ITSELF.

6. THE SUN SHINES BECAUSE OF NUCLEAR FUSION

7. HOW DOES THE SUN CREATES ENERGY OF
NUCLEAR FUSION?
• The Sun shines because it is able to convert
energy from gravity to light.
• This is what happens to the hydrogen gas in the
core of the Sun.
• The hydrogen gas gets squeeze together so
tightly that four hydrogen nuclei combine to form
one helium atom.
• This is what we called nuclear fusion.
• This process goes when some of the mass of
hydrogen atom is converted into energy in the
form of light.
• As the sun became extremely hot, the atoms will
strip the electrons and formed a plasma

8. FORMATION OF PLASMA
• As we know, there are three states of matter; solid,
liquid, and gas.
• Plasma would be the fourth states of matter.
• Its happened from the state of gas, where the matter
is extremely heated under very high temperature.
• The hot atoms are stripped through their electrons.
• Forming a plasma-where nuclei and electrons bounce
freely and the overall number of electrons and
protons are equal (it became neutral atom)

9. SO, THESE FUSION PROCESS CAN MAKE TWO
TYPES OF REACTOR
MAGNETIC CONFINEMENT
REACTOR
INERTIAL CONFINEMENT
REACTOR

10. FRONTIER RESEARCH OF NUCLEAR FUSION
• Prototype of ITER power plant
called “Sparc”
• Fusion fuel pellet to produce the most
powerful laser

11. MAGNETIC CONFINEMENT
REACTOR
• Using magnetic field to squeeze
plasma in a doughnut-shaped
chamber, where the reactions take
place.
• Use superconducting electromagnets
cooled with Helium,
• To within a few degrees to absolute
zero
• E.g:-International Thermonuclear
Experimental Reactor (ITER) in France
INERTIAL CONFINEMENT
REACTOR
• Uses pulses from super-powered lasers
• To heat the surface of pellet of fuel.
• Imploding it, and then making the fuel
hot and dense enough to fuse.
• Used the most powered laser for fusion
experiment; held in National Ignition
Facilities in U.S.

12. BUT, THE PROBLEM IS….
IT IS TOO COSTLY.
JUST IMPOSSIBLE TO
MAKE VIABLE
FUSION REACTOR.

13. THE OTHER ALTERNATIVES THAT WE CAN GET
• DEUTERIUM
• Stable element, abundance in sea water
• Contains of specific isotopes with extra
neutron
• TRITIUM
• Radioactive element, may be only 20kg in
this world.
• Can only get in nuclear warheads.
HELIUM-3
• Rare solution to be found.
• It can be found in lunar dust
(moon surface).

14. AQLI AND NAQLI
• I was just remembered about one of the famous Islamic scholars.
• -ABBAS IBNU FIRNAS
• He had to attempt many times in constructing flying machine for people facilities to
travel to spread dakwah to those who aren’t received yet.
• Until somehow one day, with Allah’s will, he got an inspiration from a bird that uses
it tails and wings in unison to slow its speed and stall its leg just above the ground
before touching down.
• After many attempts he made, he just realize that he forgot to design its tail.