NSI drskg.pptx
•Download as PPTX, PDF•
0 likes•26 views
1) Healthcare workers are at risk of needle stick injuries and blood/fluid exposure which can potentially transmit infections like HIV, HBV, and HCV. 2) If an exposure occurs, the worker should get first aid, report to authorities, get tested, and may receive post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) to reduce infection risk depending on the type of exposure and source patient's infection status. 3) Proper management of exposures includes testing involved individuals, assessing risk level, providing recommended PEP treatments like antivirals, and follow up testing and care.
Report
Share
Report
Share
Recommended
Postexposure prophylaxis after needle sticks injury
Needle stick injury is defined as penetration of skin by a needle or other sharp object that has been in contact with blood products, tissue or any other body fluids before exposure. Even though the effect is negligible, it predisposes the patient to occupational exposure of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus (HVB), and hepatitis C Virus (HVC). ( ) The most common population to be affected is health care workers and lab personnel. The occupational exposure of such viruses is not only transmission via needle stick injury but also via contamination of mucous membranes e.g. eyes, blood or body fluids, even though needle stick injuries make up the majority of all percutaneous exposure cases. Other occupations with increased risk of needle stick injury are tattoo artists, agriculture workers, law enforcement workers, and laborers. ( )
Recognizing the occupational hazard posed by needle stick injury and the long term effect it could have on a health care worker is the most important need, with developing interventions to minimize it.
EMPLOYE SAFETY INDICATOR-NSI.pptx
A needle stick injury is a penetrating wound from a contaminated sharp object that may expose a healthcare worker to infectious diseases. Nurses experience 43% of injuries, usually occurring in patient rooms during use of devices like disposable syringes. Proper handling and disposal of sharps can prevent injuries. If exposed, first aid and post-exposure prophylaxis based on injury type lowers risk of transmitting bloodborne viruses like HIV, HBV, and HCV. Eliminating unnecessary sharps use, training safe practices, and using safety devices can further reduce healthcare worker risk.
Needle stick injury
This document discusses needle stick injuries, which are percutaneous wounds caused by sharp medical instruments like needles. It aims to educate healthcare workers about needle stick risks, prevention, and management. The document outlines who is most at risk, where injuries typically occur, common devices involved, and best practices like proper disposal and post-exposure procedures. The overall message is that needle stick injuries represent an occupational hazard for healthcare workers, but establishments can significantly reduce risks through proper safety protocols and staff training.
Cross infection
This document discusses cross infection in dental settings. It defines cross infection as the transmission of infectious agents among patients and staff within a clinical environment. It identifies the main types of microorganisms involved and describes the pathways and routes of transmission. The key routes are direct contact, indirect contact, inhalation of droplets, and inoculation via contaminated sharps. The chain of infection is outlined as infectious agent, reservoir, port of exit, transmission, port of entry, and susceptible host. Methods to prevent cross infection include using disposable materials, disinfecting surfaces, sterilizing instruments, recognizing high-risk patients and staff, employing barrier techniques during procedures, and proper disposal of sharps.
Prevention Of Needlestick Injury Among Chinese Nurses
This document discusses the prevention of needlestick injuries among healthcare workers in China. It notes that over 1.5 million needlestick injuries occur annually in China, putting workers at risk of infections like HIV, hepatitis B, and hepatitis C. Prevention strategies discussed include eliminating unnecessary needles, properly disposing of needles, not recapping needles, and using safety devices. The document also covers post-exposure procedures for injured workers.
PEP FINAL.ppt
This document provides information on occupational exposure prophylaxis (PEP) for HIV. It discusses the history and effectiveness of PEP, risk factors for HIV transmission after exposure, recommended PEP regimens, and follow-up procedures. The key points are:
- PEP using antiretroviral drugs can reduce the risk of HIV infection after a significant exposure by up to 81%.
- The recommended PEP regimen depends on factors like the severity of exposure and HIV status/viral load of the source patient. Basic regimens include 2 drugs while more severe exposures may warrant a 3 drug expanded regimen.
- Proper wound care and timely reporting of exposures and initiation of PEP within hours of exposure are important to reduce the
PEP FINAL.pdf
This document provides information on occupational exposure prophylaxis (PEP) for HIV. It discusses:
1. The risk of HIV transmission from occupational exposures is low, estimated at 1 in 300 for a needlestick from a known HIV+ source. PEP using antiretrovirals can reduce this risk up to 81%.
2. PEP treatment recommendations depend on the type of exposure, characteristics of the exposure (e.g. deep injury, visible blood), and characteristics of the source patient (e.g. viral load, antiretroviral treatment). A basic 2-drug regimen is usually recommended but an expanded 3-drug regimen may be used for higher risk exposures.
3. Proper wound
Occupational hazardes in dentistry
This document discusses occupational hazards faced by dental professionals. It identifies several types of hazards including biological, physical, chemical, and psychological hazards. Dental professionals are at risk of exposure to pathogens through blood, saliva, and other tissues of patients which can spread through direct or indirect contact. Proper sterilization and use of personal protective equipment is important to prevent cross-contamination and reduce risks. Occupational safety and following infection control protocols are essential for the protection of dental staff and patients.
Recommended
Postexposure prophylaxis after needle sticks injury
Needle stick injury is defined as penetration of skin by a needle or other sharp object that has been in contact with blood products, tissue or any other body fluids before exposure. Even though the effect is negligible, it predisposes the patient to occupational exposure of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus (HVB), and hepatitis C Virus (HVC). ( ) The most common population to be affected is health care workers and lab personnel. The occupational exposure of such viruses is not only transmission via needle stick injury but also via contamination of mucous membranes e.g. eyes, blood or body fluids, even though needle stick injuries make up the majority of all percutaneous exposure cases. Other occupations with increased risk of needle stick injury are tattoo artists, agriculture workers, law enforcement workers, and laborers. ( )
Recognizing the occupational hazard posed by needle stick injury and the long term effect it could have on a health care worker is the most important need, with developing interventions to minimize it.
EMPLOYE SAFETY INDICATOR-NSI.pptx
A needle stick injury is a penetrating wound from a contaminated sharp object that may expose a healthcare worker to infectious diseases. Nurses experience 43% of injuries, usually occurring in patient rooms during use of devices like disposable syringes. Proper handling and disposal of sharps can prevent injuries. If exposed, first aid and post-exposure prophylaxis based on injury type lowers risk of transmitting bloodborne viruses like HIV, HBV, and HCV. Eliminating unnecessary sharps use, training safe practices, and using safety devices can further reduce healthcare worker risk.
Needle stick injury
This document discusses needle stick injuries, which are percutaneous wounds caused by sharp medical instruments like needles. It aims to educate healthcare workers about needle stick risks, prevention, and management. The document outlines who is most at risk, where injuries typically occur, common devices involved, and best practices like proper disposal and post-exposure procedures. The overall message is that needle stick injuries represent an occupational hazard for healthcare workers, but establishments can significantly reduce risks through proper safety protocols and staff training.
Cross infection
This document discusses cross infection in dental settings. It defines cross infection as the transmission of infectious agents among patients and staff within a clinical environment. It identifies the main types of microorganisms involved and describes the pathways and routes of transmission. The key routes are direct contact, indirect contact, inhalation of droplets, and inoculation via contaminated sharps. The chain of infection is outlined as infectious agent, reservoir, port of exit, transmission, port of entry, and susceptible host. Methods to prevent cross infection include using disposable materials, disinfecting surfaces, sterilizing instruments, recognizing high-risk patients and staff, employing barrier techniques during procedures, and proper disposal of sharps.
Prevention Of Needlestick Injury Among Chinese Nurses
This document discusses the prevention of needlestick injuries among healthcare workers in China. It notes that over 1.5 million needlestick injuries occur annually in China, putting workers at risk of infections like HIV, hepatitis B, and hepatitis C. Prevention strategies discussed include eliminating unnecessary needles, properly disposing of needles, not recapping needles, and using safety devices. The document also covers post-exposure procedures for injured workers.
PEP FINAL.ppt
This document provides information on occupational exposure prophylaxis (PEP) for HIV. It discusses the history and effectiveness of PEP, risk factors for HIV transmission after exposure, recommended PEP regimens, and follow-up procedures. The key points are:
- PEP using antiretroviral drugs can reduce the risk of HIV infection after a significant exposure by up to 81%.
- The recommended PEP regimen depends on factors like the severity of exposure and HIV status/viral load of the source patient. Basic regimens include 2 drugs while more severe exposures may warrant a 3 drug expanded regimen.
- Proper wound care and timely reporting of exposures and initiation of PEP within hours of exposure are important to reduce the
PEP FINAL.pdf
This document provides information on occupational exposure prophylaxis (PEP) for HIV. It discusses:
1. The risk of HIV transmission from occupational exposures is low, estimated at 1 in 300 for a needlestick from a known HIV+ source. PEP using antiretrovirals can reduce this risk up to 81%.
2. PEP treatment recommendations depend on the type of exposure, characteristics of the exposure (e.g. deep injury, visible blood), and characteristics of the source patient (e.g. viral load, antiretroviral treatment). A basic 2-drug regimen is usually recommended but an expanded 3-drug regimen may be used for higher risk exposures.
3. Proper wound
Occupational hazardes in dentistry
This document discusses occupational hazards faced by dental professionals. It identifies several types of hazards including biological, physical, chemical, and psychological hazards. Dental professionals are at risk of exposure to pathogens through blood, saliva, and other tissues of patients which can spread through direct or indirect contact. Proper sterilization and use of personal protective equipment is important to prevent cross-contamination and reduce risks. Occupational safety and following infection control protocols are essential for the protection of dental staff and patients.
Occupational hazards of(1).pdf CHN, OH nursing
This document discusses various occupational hazards faced by dentists, including biological hazards, stressful situations, and latex hypersensitivity. It provides details on specific infectious agents dentists may be exposed to from patients, such as viruses, bacteria, fungi and prions. Close contact with patients exposes dentists to hazards through direct contact with blood or saliva or indirectly through aerosols. The document also discusses how stressful situations are an inherent part of a dentist's work, including reducing patients' fear, unexpected emergencies, and causing pain. Maintaining technical standards and dealing with difficult patients can all increase stress levels.
Presentation on Sanitation and infection control
Hospital-acquired infections are a major cause of illness and death, accounting for over 70,000 deaths annually in the US. Proper sanitation and infection control practices can significantly reduce infection rates. A landmark study found that hospitals with dedicated infection control programs saw a 31-40% reduction in infection rates, compared to 14-26% increases in hospitals without such programs. The major types of healthcare-associated infections are bloodstream, pneumonia, urinary tract, and surgical site infections. Adopting green cleaning practices that use environmentally-friendly chemicals and disposal methods can help reduce the environmental impact of healthcare facilities while still maintaining infection control.
needlestickinjuryf-.pptx
This document provides information on needlestick injuries, including their causes, risks, prevention, and appropriate response. It describes how needlestick injuries most commonly occur through improper handling or disposal of sharps. It emphasizes the importance of safe sharps handling techniques like not recapping needles, use of puncture-resistant sharps containers, and a hands-free approach when passing sharps. The document also outlines steps to take after a needlestick occurs, including wound care, reporting procedures, and post-exposure prophylaxis to prevent transmission of bloodborne diseases. Root cause analysis of sharps injuries can help identify factors to address through quality improvement measures for enhanced safety.
Hospital Aquired Infections and infection control in a healthcare setup
This document discusses hospital acquired infections and infection control in a healthcare setting. It begins by outlining the goals of infection control training, which are to ensure healthcare workers understand how pathogens can be transmitted, apply accepted infection control principles, and minimize transmission. It then provides a brief history of hygiene and discusses definitions such as hospital acquired infections. It outlines the public health importance of hospital infections, including increased mortality, morbidity, and costs. It discusses sources, routes of transmission, and factors influencing hospital acquired infections. It also describes common infection sites and criteria. The document concludes by outlining various infection control strategies including standard precautions, isolation precautions, prevention of specific infections like urinary tract and surgical site infections, and the importance of
Hospitalacquiredinfections 121216105351-phpapp02
Hospital acquired infections, also known as nosocomial infections, can be acquired during or after a hospital stay. They are caused by a variety of microorganisms transmitted through contact with other patients, staff, medical equipment, or the hospital environment. Effective control measures include strict hand hygiene, isolation precautions, environmental cleaning, antimicrobial stewardship, and surveillance programs to monitor infection rates and identify outbreaks. The infection control team plays a key role in developing policies, educating staff, and conducting audits to prevent the spread of nosocomial infections.
Needlestick injury
Needlestick and sharps injuries pose a risk of transmitting bloodborne pathogens. Most injuries occur after use of sharps before disposal, often in inpatient units. Recapping needles, leaving sharps unattended, unexpected client movement, and improper sharps handling and disposal are common causes. If exposed, washing the wound and promptly reporting to employee health is important. Preventing injuries involves safe sharps passing, proper disposal in puncture-proof containers, vaccination, and awareness of risks through training. Thorough reporting and investigation of incidents aims to improve safety.
New microsoft office power point presentation
This document provides guidelines for occupational exposure management for healthcare workers. It defines an occupational exposure as contact with blood or body fluids through the skin or mucous membranes from work-related activities. The greatest risk is from contaminated sharps such as needles. The guidelines recommend immediate first aid after an exposure, baseline testing, and consideration of post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) depending on the type and severity of exposure and the HIV status of the source patient. PEP is most effective within 72 hours of exposure. A 3-step process is outlined to determine the need for and regimen of PEP based on the exposure and source patient codes.
Nsi (2)
The document discusses occupational exposure to blood and body fluids among healthcare workers, including specific cases of exposure and infection. It examines the risks, causes, and costs of needlestick injuries as well as strategies for prevention through safer devices and protocols for management of exposures. The majority of exposures occur due to lack of safety mechanisms and improper disposal of needles and sharps.
needle_stick_injury.pptx
Nursing staff and medical workers are at high risk of needle stick injuries and exposure to bloodborne pathogens like HIV, Hepatitis B, and Hepatitis C. Needle sticks most commonly involve hypodermic needles used for injections or taking blood samples. Recapping needles after use is a major risk factor. Post-exposure prophylaxis with antiretroviral drugs can reduce risk of HIV infection but must begin within 72 hours. All healthcare facilities should have a written exposure protocol and make hepatitis B vaccination and post-exposure drugs available to protect workers after accidental exposures.
Standard precautions in prevention of cross infection,policies in placed
The document discusses various methods for preventing the spread of infections in a dental setting. It emphasizes that standard precautions should always be followed, such as proper hand hygiene and protective equipment. It also provides guidance on preventing specific infections like Japanese encephalitis, tuberculosis, HIV, SARS, and H1N1, including recommendations around screening patients, use of masks and barriers, sterilization of instruments, and deferring treatment of infectious individuals.
needle stick and sharp injuries..protocols
this is a series of lectures on microbiology, useful for undergraduate and post graduate medical and paramedical students
Hicc 25.11.20
This document discusses hospital acquired infections, also known as nosocomial infections. It covers the goals of infection control training, which are to educate healthcare workers on pathogen transmission and apply accepted infection control principles. A brief history of hygiene is provided, highlighting figures like Semmelweis and Lister who advanced the field. Hospital acquired infections are defined as infections acquired during or after hospitalization. They increase costs, length of stay, mortality and morbidity. Sources can be endogenous from a patient's normal flora or exogenous from other patients, staff, equipment or the environment. Standard precautions like hand hygiene and isolation precautions are key to prevention. Special measures include planning operating theaters and monitoring high-risk areas like nurseries
IC Assigments vert academyد حاتم البيطارررررر.pdf
1. The document discusses infection control and prevention, providing definitions and discussing important concepts like universal precautions. It also summarizes assignments on topics like the CDC, modes of transmission, sterilization vs disinfection, and endospores.
2. Key points covered include the role of the CDC in protecting public health, different modes of disease transmission, how proper cleaning, disinfection and sterilization can break the infection cycle, and the importance of universal precautions to protect from exposure to communicable diseases.
3. Factors affecting infection and methods of prevention are analyzed, along with specifics on contact transmission and gates of entry for pathogens.
IC Assigments vert د حاتم البيطارacademy.pdf
#دكتور_حاتم_البيطار
#دحاتم_البيطار
#timodentist
#drhatem_elbitar
#محاضر_طبي
#مكافحة_العدوي
#الزمالة_المصرية
#دكتور_اسنان
#الهرم_ال
#ادارة_المستشفيات
#الغذاء_الصحي
#دبلومة_التغذية
#الغذاء
#دحاتم_البيطار
#الغذاء_والتغذية
📞01005684344
💬 واتس 01202389028
#دكتور_حاتم_البيطار
#دحاتم_البيطار
#timodentist
hatem elbitar
مكافحة العدوي
ادارة المستشفيات
الزمالة المصرية
دكتور اسنان
الهرم الغذائي
ادارة المستشفيات
الغذاء الصحي
دبلومة التغذية
الغذاء
البيطار استشاري
slides
الغذاء والتغذية
📞01005684344
💬 واتس 01202389028
Dr Hatem ElBitar
د حاتم البيطار
أستشاري وجراح أسنان
زميل الزمالة المصرية
محاضر ادارة المستشفيات ومكافحة العدوى
01005684344
#دحاتم_البيطار
http://bit.ly/2xzMIlo
https://daalacademy.com/instructor/drhatemelbitar/
https://daalacademy.com/instructor/dr-hatimelbetaar/
https://agyad-academy.com/teacher/dr-hatem-hemdan-ahmed-el-bitar/
HEALTHCARE WASTE MANAGEMENT 2.ppt
This document discusses healthcare waste management. It defines healthcare waste as all waste from medical facilities, including sharps, infectious materials, chemicals and pharmaceuticals. Most healthcare waste (75-90%) is non-hazardous, similar to domestic waste, while a smaller portion (10-25%) requires special treatment as infectious waste. Exposure to infectious waste can cause disease through infectious agents, sharps, hazardous materials or radiation. Proper segregation and treatment of healthcare waste is necessary to protect medical staff, patients and the public from health risks.
ip.pptx
Infection prevention is essential for patient safety in hospitals. The CDC estimates that there are over 2 million preventable infections in hospitals each year resulting in 90,000 deaths. Nurses play an important role in preventing transmission of organisms through practices like asepsis. Infections occur when pathogens invade the body and multiply, potentially spreading locally or systemically. Those at highest risk include healthcare providers, patients undergoing procedures, and the community if medical waste is improperly disposed of. The chain of infection can be broken by following standard safety measures like handwashing, gloving, gowning, and use of personal protective equipment which help avoid contact with bodily fluids and prevent spread of bloodborne and airborne pathogens.
Hospital-Acquired-Infections.pptx
This document discusses hospital-acquired infections (HAIs), also known as nosocomial infections. It defines HAIs and outlines various factors that contribute to their transmission, including patient immune status, hospital environment, and medical interventions. The document then describes different types of HAIs, causative organisms, and modes of transmission. It emphasizes the importance of standard precautions like hand hygiene and personal protective equipment in preventing transmission. It also discusses specific precautions needed for different infectious organisms and surveillance of HAIs.
Occupational exposure to blood brone pathogens
This document discusses occupational exposure to blood borne pathogens. It defines blood borne pathogens as viruses or bacteria present in human blood that can cause disease, such as hepatitis B, hepatitis C, HIV, and others. It notes that occupational exposure can occur through needlesticks, bites, cuts or contact with mucous membranes. Those at highest risk include healthcare workers, first responders, and those working with human blood or tissues. The document outlines the key aspects of an exposure control plan that employers must implement to protect workers, such as universal precautions, vaccination, training, and post-exposure follow up including testing and counseling.
Hand hyagine and needle stick injury
This document discusses needlestick injuries (NSIs) among healthcare workers, including causes, risks, prevention, and management. It notes that NSIs can transmit bloodborne diseases like HIV, HCV, and HBV. The most common sharp objects involved in injuries are hollow bore needles, and activities like suturing and passing sharp instruments are high risk. Risk of infection depends on factors like viral load and timely first aid. Prevention emphasizes standard precautions, immunizations, safe disposal and no recapping of needles. Post-exposure management involves first aid, testing, possible prophylaxis, follow up testing, and counseling. Proper hand hygiene is also critical to prevent healthcare-associated infections.
viral diarrhoea.ppt
This document discusses viruses that cause diarrhea. It begins by introducing the major viral agents responsible for acute gastroenteritis worldwide in children, especially in developing countries. The document then covers the clinical features, laboratory diagnosis, treatment, and prophylaxis of viral diarrhea. Under laboratory diagnosis, it details methods for specimen collection, processing, and storage as well as techniques for detection of viral antigens, antibodies, and nucleic acids. These include ELISA, latex agglutination, immunofluorescence, electron microscopy, PCR, and virus isolation in cell culture. The document concludes by discussing the epidemiology and taxonomy of rotavirus, the most significant viral agent of diarrhea.
Miscellaneous Infectious.pptx
The document discusses skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs). It describes various skin lesions such as macules, papules, plaques, nodules, vesicles, bullae, pustules, and abscesses. It lists the common etiological agents that cause each type of lesion. It also discusses specific infections including folliculitis, furuncles, carbuncles, cellulitis, and impetigo. The document provides guidance on laboratory diagnosis, treatment and antibiotics for purulent and non-purulent SSTIs of varying severity.
More Related Content
Similar to NSI drskg.pptx
Occupational hazards of(1).pdf CHN, OH nursing
This document discusses various occupational hazards faced by dentists, including biological hazards, stressful situations, and latex hypersensitivity. It provides details on specific infectious agents dentists may be exposed to from patients, such as viruses, bacteria, fungi and prions. Close contact with patients exposes dentists to hazards through direct contact with blood or saliva or indirectly through aerosols. The document also discusses how stressful situations are an inherent part of a dentist's work, including reducing patients' fear, unexpected emergencies, and causing pain. Maintaining technical standards and dealing with difficult patients can all increase stress levels.
Presentation on Sanitation and infection control
Hospital-acquired infections are a major cause of illness and death, accounting for over 70,000 deaths annually in the US. Proper sanitation and infection control practices can significantly reduce infection rates. A landmark study found that hospitals with dedicated infection control programs saw a 31-40% reduction in infection rates, compared to 14-26% increases in hospitals without such programs. The major types of healthcare-associated infections are bloodstream, pneumonia, urinary tract, and surgical site infections. Adopting green cleaning practices that use environmentally-friendly chemicals and disposal methods can help reduce the environmental impact of healthcare facilities while still maintaining infection control.
needlestickinjuryf-.pptx
This document provides information on needlestick injuries, including their causes, risks, prevention, and appropriate response. It describes how needlestick injuries most commonly occur through improper handling or disposal of sharps. It emphasizes the importance of safe sharps handling techniques like not recapping needles, use of puncture-resistant sharps containers, and a hands-free approach when passing sharps. The document also outlines steps to take after a needlestick occurs, including wound care, reporting procedures, and post-exposure prophylaxis to prevent transmission of bloodborne diseases. Root cause analysis of sharps injuries can help identify factors to address through quality improvement measures for enhanced safety.
Hospital Aquired Infections and infection control in a healthcare setup
This document discusses hospital acquired infections and infection control in a healthcare setting. It begins by outlining the goals of infection control training, which are to ensure healthcare workers understand how pathogens can be transmitted, apply accepted infection control principles, and minimize transmission. It then provides a brief history of hygiene and discusses definitions such as hospital acquired infections. It outlines the public health importance of hospital infections, including increased mortality, morbidity, and costs. It discusses sources, routes of transmission, and factors influencing hospital acquired infections. It also describes common infection sites and criteria. The document concludes by outlining various infection control strategies including standard precautions, isolation precautions, prevention of specific infections like urinary tract and surgical site infections, and the importance of
Hospitalacquiredinfections 121216105351-phpapp02
Hospital acquired infections, also known as nosocomial infections, can be acquired during or after a hospital stay. They are caused by a variety of microorganisms transmitted through contact with other patients, staff, medical equipment, or the hospital environment. Effective control measures include strict hand hygiene, isolation precautions, environmental cleaning, antimicrobial stewardship, and surveillance programs to monitor infection rates and identify outbreaks. The infection control team plays a key role in developing policies, educating staff, and conducting audits to prevent the spread of nosocomial infections.
Needlestick injury
Needlestick and sharps injuries pose a risk of transmitting bloodborne pathogens. Most injuries occur after use of sharps before disposal, often in inpatient units. Recapping needles, leaving sharps unattended, unexpected client movement, and improper sharps handling and disposal are common causes. If exposed, washing the wound and promptly reporting to employee health is important. Preventing injuries involves safe sharps passing, proper disposal in puncture-proof containers, vaccination, and awareness of risks through training. Thorough reporting and investigation of incidents aims to improve safety.
New microsoft office power point presentation
This document provides guidelines for occupational exposure management for healthcare workers. It defines an occupational exposure as contact with blood or body fluids through the skin or mucous membranes from work-related activities. The greatest risk is from contaminated sharps such as needles. The guidelines recommend immediate first aid after an exposure, baseline testing, and consideration of post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) depending on the type and severity of exposure and the HIV status of the source patient. PEP is most effective within 72 hours of exposure. A 3-step process is outlined to determine the need for and regimen of PEP based on the exposure and source patient codes.
Nsi (2)
The document discusses occupational exposure to blood and body fluids among healthcare workers, including specific cases of exposure and infection. It examines the risks, causes, and costs of needlestick injuries as well as strategies for prevention through safer devices and protocols for management of exposures. The majority of exposures occur due to lack of safety mechanisms and improper disposal of needles and sharps.
needle_stick_injury.pptx
Nursing staff and medical workers are at high risk of needle stick injuries and exposure to bloodborne pathogens like HIV, Hepatitis B, and Hepatitis C. Needle sticks most commonly involve hypodermic needles used for injections or taking blood samples. Recapping needles after use is a major risk factor. Post-exposure prophylaxis with antiretroviral drugs can reduce risk of HIV infection but must begin within 72 hours. All healthcare facilities should have a written exposure protocol and make hepatitis B vaccination and post-exposure drugs available to protect workers after accidental exposures.
Standard precautions in prevention of cross infection,policies in placed
The document discusses various methods for preventing the spread of infections in a dental setting. It emphasizes that standard precautions should always be followed, such as proper hand hygiene and protective equipment. It also provides guidance on preventing specific infections like Japanese encephalitis, tuberculosis, HIV, SARS, and H1N1, including recommendations around screening patients, use of masks and barriers, sterilization of instruments, and deferring treatment of infectious individuals.
needle stick and sharp injuries..protocols
this is a series of lectures on microbiology, useful for undergraduate and post graduate medical and paramedical students
Hicc 25.11.20
This document discusses hospital acquired infections, also known as nosocomial infections. It covers the goals of infection control training, which are to educate healthcare workers on pathogen transmission and apply accepted infection control principles. A brief history of hygiene is provided, highlighting figures like Semmelweis and Lister who advanced the field. Hospital acquired infections are defined as infections acquired during or after hospitalization. They increase costs, length of stay, mortality and morbidity. Sources can be endogenous from a patient's normal flora or exogenous from other patients, staff, equipment or the environment. Standard precautions like hand hygiene and isolation precautions are key to prevention. Special measures include planning operating theaters and monitoring high-risk areas like nurseries
IC Assigments vert academyد حاتم البيطارررررر.pdf
1. The document discusses infection control and prevention, providing definitions and discussing important concepts like universal precautions. It also summarizes assignments on topics like the CDC, modes of transmission, sterilization vs disinfection, and endospores.
2. Key points covered include the role of the CDC in protecting public health, different modes of disease transmission, how proper cleaning, disinfection and sterilization can break the infection cycle, and the importance of universal precautions to protect from exposure to communicable diseases.
3. Factors affecting infection and methods of prevention are analyzed, along with specifics on contact transmission and gates of entry for pathogens.
IC Assigments vert د حاتم البيطارacademy.pdf
#دكتور_حاتم_البيطار
#دحاتم_البيطار
#timodentist
#drhatem_elbitar
#محاضر_طبي
#مكافحة_العدوي
#الزمالة_المصرية
#دكتور_اسنان
#الهرم_ال
#ادارة_المستشفيات
#الغذاء_الصحي
#دبلومة_التغذية
#الغذاء
#دحاتم_البيطار
#الغذاء_والتغذية
📞01005684344
💬 واتس 01202389028
#دكتور_حاتم_البيطار
#دحاتم_البيطار
#timodentist
hatem elbitar
مكافحة العدوي
ادارة المستشفيات
الزمالة المصرية
دكتور اسنان
الهرم الغذائي
ادارة المستشفيات
الغذاء الصحي
دبلومة التغذية
الغذاء
البيطار استشاري
slides
الغذاء والتغذية
📞01005684344
💬 واتس 01202389028
Dr Hatem ElBitar
د حاتم البيطار
أستشاري وجراح أسنان
زميل الزمالة المصرية
محاضر ادارة المستشفيات ومكافحة العدوى
01005684344
#دحاتم_البيطار
http://bit.ly/2xzMIlo
https://daalacademy.com/instructor/drhatemelbitar/
https://daalacademy.com/instructor/dr-hatimelbetaar/
https://agyad-academy.com/teacher/dr-hatem-hemdan-ahmed-el-bitar/
HEALTHCARE WASTE MANAGEMENT 2.ppt
This document discusses healthcare waste management. It defines healthcare waste as all waste from medical facilities, including sharps, infectious materials, chemicals and pharmaceuticals. Most healthcare waste (75-90%) is non-hazardous, similar to domestic waste, while a smaller portion (10-25%) requires special treatment as infectious waste. Exposure to infectious waste can cause disease through infectious agents, sharps, hazardous materials or radiation. Proper segregation and treatment of healthcare waste is necessary to protect medical staff, patients and the public from health risks.
ip.pptx
Infection prevention is essential for patient safety in hospitals. The CDC estimates that there are over 2 million preventable infections in hospitals each year resulting in 90,000 deaths. Nurses play an important role in preventing transmission of organisms through practices like asepsis. Infections occur when pathogens invade the body and multiply, potentially spreading locally or systemically. Those at highest risk include healthcare providers, patients undergoing procedures, and the community if medical waste is improperly disposed of. The chain of infection can be broken by following standard safety measures like handwashing, gloving, gowning, and use of personal protective equipment which help avoid contact with bodily fluids and prevent spread of bloodborne and airborne pathogens.
Hospital-Acquired-Infections.pptx
This document discusses hospital-acquired infections (HAIs), also known as nosocomial infections. It defines HAIs and outlines various factors that contribute to their transmission, including patient immune status, hospital environment, and medical interventions. The document then describes different types of HAIs, causative organisms, and modes of transmission. It emphasizes the importance of standard precautions like hand hygiene and personal protective equipment in preventing transmission. It also discusses specific precautions needed for different infectious organisms and surveillance of HAIs.
Occupational exposure to blood brone pathogens
This document discusses occupational exposure to blood borne pathogens. It defines blood borne pathogens as viruses or bacteria present in human blood that can cause disease, such as hepatitis B, hepatitis C, HIV, and others. It notes that occupational exposure can occur through needlesticks, bites, cuts or contact with mucous membranes. Those at highest risk include healthcare workers, first responders, and those working with human blood or tissues. The document outlines the key aspects of an exposure control plan that employers must implement to protect workers, such as universal precautions, vaccination, training, and post-exposure follow up including testing and counseling.
Hand hyagine and needle stick injury
This document discusses needlestick injuries (NSIs) among healthcare workers, including causes, risks, prevention, and management. It notes that NSIs can transmit bloodborne diseases like HIV, HCV, and HBV. The most common sharp objects involved in injuries are hollow bore needles, and activities like suturing and passing sharp instruments are high risk. Risk of infection depends on factors like viral load and timely first aid. Prevention emphasizes standard precautions, immunizations, safe disposal and no recapping of needles. Post-exposure management involves first aid, testing, possible prophylaxis, follow up testing, and counseling. Proper hand hygiene is also critical to prevent healthcare-associated infections.
Similar to NSI drskg.pptx (20)
Hospital Aquired Infections and infection control in a healthcare setup
Hospital Aquired Infections and infection control in a healthcare setup
Standard precautions in prevention of cross infection,policies in placed
Standard precautions in prevention of cross infection,policies in placed
More from Shrutkirtigupta1
viral diarrhoea.ppt
This document discusses viruses that cause diarrhea. It begins by introducing the major viral agents responsible for acute gastroenteritis worldwide in children, especially in developing countries. The document then covers the clinical features, laboratory diagnosis, treatment, and prophylaxis of viral diarrhea. Under laboratory diagnosis, it details methods for specimen collection, processing, and storage as well as techniques for detection of viral antigens, antibodies, and nucleic acids. These include ELISA, latex agglutination, immunofluorescence, electron microscopy, PCR, and virus isolation in cell culture. The document concludes by discussing the epidemiology and taxonomy of rotavirus, the most significant viral agent of diarrhea.
Miscellaneous Infectious.pptx
The document discusses skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs). It describes various skin lesions such as macules, papules, plaques, nodules, vesicles, bullae, pustules, and abscesses. It lists the common etiological agents that cause each type of lesion. It also discusses specific infections including folliculitis, furuncles, carbuncles, cellulitis, and impetigo. The document provides guidance on laboratory diagnosis, treatment and antibiotics for purulent and non-purulent SSTIs of varying severity.
Biomedical Waste Management.pptx
The document discusses biomedical waste management in India. It states that according to the Ministry of Environment and Forests, about 4,05,702 kg of biomedical waste is generated daily in India, but only 2,91,983 kg is properly disposed of. It also provides details on the categories and treatment/disposal methods of biomedical waste as specified in the Biomedical Waste Management Rules of India 2016. The rules categorize waste into yellow, red, white, blue and general waste and prescribe specific treatment methods like incineration, autoclaving, chemical disinfection etc. for different types of waste.
Biofilms.pdf
This document discusses sociomicrobiology, which is the study of group behavior in microbes like bacteria, yeast and viruses. It focuses on two key aspects: microbial biofilm formation and cell-cell communication known as quorum sensing. Biofilms are structured communities that form protective layers, making microbes highly resistant to antibiotics and other threats. Quorum sensing allows bacteria to coordinate gene expression and behaviors as their population density increases, enabling pathogenic bacteria to effectively cause infection. Understanding these social behaviors could lead to new treatments for infectious diseases.
filariasis.pptx
This document provides an overview of filariasis (lymphatic filariasis). It begins with an introduction and outlines the topics to be covered, which include epidemiology, morphology, transmission, life cycle, pathogenesis, diagnosis, prevention and control. It then delves into each topic in detail. Some key points are: lymphatic filariasis is caused by infection with filarial nematodes and transmitted by mosquitoes; it affects over 120 million people globally, with highest prevalence in South and Southeast Asia and Africa; microscopic examination of blood and tissue samples can detect microfilariae and adult worms. Prevention strategies include vector control, bed nets, repellents and mass drug administration, while treatment involves antifilarial drugs
Lab diagnosis-viruses.ppt
This document discusses laboratory diagnosis of viral infections through various methods. Sample collection from different sites depends on the suspected virus. Diagnosis involves direct microscopy to look for inclusion bodies, culturing samples in animals, eggs, or cell lines to isolate viruses. Detection methods include cytopathic effects in cell culture, antigen detection by immunofluorescence, and antibody detection through serological tests. Newer molecular techniques like PCR allow for nucleic acid detection of specific viruses.
sterlisation part 1.pptx
Sterilization can be achieved through physical or chemical methods. Physical methods include heat sterilization using moist heat like steam or dry heat. Chemical sterilization involves the use of chemicals like alcohol, aldehydes such as glutaraldehyde and formaldehyde, halogens like iodine and chlorine, phenols, and gases. Each chemical has advantages and disadvantages in terms of spectrum of activity, compatibility, toxicity, and cost. Newer sterilants introduced include peracetic acid, superoxidized water, and performic acid which are broad spectrum and environmentally friendly but may have higher costs. Proper concentration, contact time and other factors influence the efficacy of any sterilization method.
STAINING TECHNIQUES.pptx
This document provides an overview of staining techniques used to visualize microscopic organisms. It begins with an introduction to staining and why it is used. The main types of staining covered are supravital, simple, differential, acid-fast, Gram, and Romanowsky staining. Specific techniques like Gram, Ziehl-Neelsen, and Giemsa staining are explained in detail. The document also discusses ways to stain particular structures like bacterial spores. In summary, the document outlines various staining methods and their uses to visualize microbes under the microscope.
new crbsi.ppt
Catheter-related bloodstream infections are caused by bacteria entering the bloodstream through intravenous catheters. Strict aseptic technique must be used when inserting and handling both peripheral and central lines to prevent infection. Signs of infection around the insertion site must be monitored, and dressings and intravenous sets changed according to protocols to maintain sterility and avoid contaminating the catheter.
Human Brucellosis.pptx
This document summarizes key information about Brucellosis, including:
- Brucellosis is a zoonotic disease caused by bacteria of the genus Brucella that can be transmitted from animals to humans. It causes undulant fever in humans and remains endemic in parts of the world.
- Clinical manifestations in humans include intermittent fever, loss of weight, and nausea. Laboratory diagnosis involves blood culture, serological tests like SAT and ELISA to detect antibodies, and PCR to detect bacterial DNA.
- Treatment consists of a combination of doxycycline and streptomycin for several weeks to prevent relapse of the infection. Adhering to food safety practices and avoiding direct contact with infected animals helps
CRBSI.ppt
Catheter-related bloodstream infections can develop from intravenous catheters. There are two types of intravenous catheters: peripheral venous catheters and central venous catheters. Strict protocols must be followed for insertion and maintenance to prevent infections, including maximal sterile barrier precautions, chlorhexidine skin preparation, and daily review of catheter need. Intravenous lines must be properly flushed and dressings changed regularly using aseptic technique to reduce risk of infection.
VAP.pptx
Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is a type of hospital-acquired pneumonia that occurs in patients on mechanical ventilation for more than 48 hours. It is diagnosed using clinical criteria like fever, leukocytosis, and radiographic evidence of pneumonia combined with microbiological testing of respiratory samples. Treatment involves administering antibiotics based on the local hospital antibiogram, with empiric therapy targeting likely gram-positive and gram-negative pathogens. Prevention strategies focus on reducing ventilator days through daily weaning assessments and using bundles of care involving oral hygiene, elevation of the head, and peptic ulcer/DVT prophylaxis.
Rabiesvirus.ppt
Rabies virus is a neurotropic virus in the Rhabdoviridae family. It is bullet-shaped and enveloped with glycoprotein spikes. It has a single-stranded RNA genome that encodes five proteins. Rabies virus is highly resistant in the environment and transmitted through bites from infected animals. It travels through peripheral nerves to the central nervous system. Clinical features include an incubation period of 1-3 months followed by neurological symptoms such as hyperactivity, paralysis, and eventually coma. Laboratory diagnosis involves virus isolation, antigen detection, antibody detection, and PCR. Prophylaxis includes vaccination both pre- and post-exposure, as well as administration of rabies immunoglobulin.
(POLYREACTIVE ANTIBODIES IN HEALTH AND DISEASE).pptx
Polyreactive antibodies can bind to multiple structurally distinct antigens with low affinity, whereas monoreactive antibodies bind a single antigen with high affinity. Affinity maturation increases antibody affinity through somatic hypermutation and clonal selection. Somatic hypermutation introduces mutations in antibody genes, generating B cell clones with a range of affinities. Clonal selection then promotes the survival and proliferation of clones expressing the highest affinity antibodies. This process enhances the immune system's ability to mount effective responses upon repeat exposures to antigens.
clostridium.pptx
Clostridium is a genus of gram-positive, anaerobic, spore-forming bacteria. Some Clostridium species are pathogenic and can cause diseases like gas gangrene (C. perfringens), tetanus (C. tetani), and botulism (C. botulinum). C. perfringens specifically can cause gas gangrene or food poisoning. It is treated with prompt surgical debridement of infected tissues and high doses of antibiotics like penicillin or clindamycin. Proper handling and cooking of food is important to prevent C. perfringens food poisoning.
Mycetoma.pptx
This document provides an overview of mycetoma, including its history, classification, epidemiology, etiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestation, diagnosis, treatment and prevention. Mycetoma is a localized swelling that contains granulomas and abscesses which drain through sinus tracts, involving skin, subcutaneous tissue, fascia and bone. It is classified into eumycetomas caused by fungi and actinomycetomas caused by actinomycetes. Diagnosis involves microscopic examination of grains from sinus tracts and cultures. Treatment depends on the classification and involves antibiotics, antifungals, surgery or a combination. Prevention focuses on reducing traumatic inoculation and early treatment.
Antibody.pptx
Antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins, are Y-shaped glycoproteins produced by activated B cells in response to antigens. There are five classes of immunoglobulins: IgG, IgA, IgM, IgD, and IgE. Antibodies have a variable region for antigen binding and a constant region that determines the class. The structure allows for binding to antigens through the paratope region and effector functions through the Fc region. Antibodies can be digested by enzymes into fragments and subsets. They function in antigen binding and activating the complement system or binding to cells.
AFST .pptx
This document provides information on antifungal susceptibility testing methods. It discusses the CLSI broth microdilution method (M27-A3) for testing yeasts, using RPMI 1640 medium. Quality control strains, inoculum preparation, and reading results are described. The CLSI method (M38-A2) for filamentous fungi testing is also covered. Finally, the CLSI disk diffusion method (M44-A2) for testing yeasts using Mueller-Hinton agar supplemented with glucose and methylene blue is summarized.
Adult immunisation.pptx
This document summarizes various adult immunization guidelines. It discusses vaccines for tetanus, diphtheria, pertussis, human papillomavirus, influenza, varicella, herpes zoster, measles, mumps, rubella, pneumococcus, meningococcus, hepatitis A, hepatitis B, and Japanese encephalitis. For each vaccine, it provides information on disease burden, target populations for vaccination, vaccine types, dosing schedules, efficacy, contraindications and precautions. The document was written by Dr. Sshrutkirti Gupta and provides a comprehensive overview of recommended adult immunizations.
CULTURE MEDIA & CULTURE METHODS.ppt
This document provides information on various culture media and methods used to culture and identify bacteria. It discusses:
1) The need to culture bacteria separately on solid or liquid media to obtain pure cultures that can be studied. Common media include nutrient agar, blood agar, and broths.
2) Types of media such as solid, liquid, enriched, selective, differential and special media formulated for specific purposes.
3) Culture methods like streaking, lawning, stabbing and pour plating used to isolate bacteria and study their properties.
4) Requirements for culturing anaerobic bacteria in specialized conditions with low oxygen levels.
5) Biochemical tests that provide additional information for bacterial identification
More from Shrutkirtigupta1 (20)
(POLYREACTIVE ANTIBODIES IN HEALTH AND DISEASE).pptx
(POLYREACTIVE ANTIBODIES IN HEALTH AND DISEASE).pptx
Recently uploaded
District Residency Programme (DRP) for PGs in India.pptx
District Residency Programme (DRP) for PG in India
5 Effective Homeopathic Medicines for Irregular Periods
Discover the benefits of homeopathic medicine for irregular periods with our guide on 5 common remedies. Learn how these natural treatments can help regulate menstrual cycles and improve overall menstrual health.
Visit Us: https://drdeepikashomeopathy.com/service/irregular-periods-treatment/
“Psychiatry and the Humanities”: An Innovative Course at the University of Mo...
“Psychiatry and the Humanities”: An Innovative Course at the University of Mo...Université de Montréal
“Psychiatry and the Humanities”: An Innovative Course at the University of Montreal Expanding the medical model to embrace the humanities. Link: https://www.psychiatrictimes.com/view/-psychiatry-and-the-humanities-an-innovative-course-at-the-university-of-montrealPGx Analysis in VarSeq: A User’s Perspective
Since our release of the PGx capabilities in VarSeq, we’ve had a few months to gather some insights from various use cases. Some users approach PGx workflows by means of array genotyping or what seems to be a growing trend of adding the star allele calling to the existing NGS pipeline for whole genome data. Luckily, both approaches are supported with the VarSeq software platform. The genotyping method being used will also dictate what the scope of the tertiary analysis will be. For example, are your PGx reports a standalone pipeline or would your lab’s goal be to handle a dual-purpose workflow and report on PGx + Diagnostic findings.
The purpose of this webcast is to:
Discuss and demonstrate the approaches with array and NGS genotyping methods for star allele calling to prep for downstream analysis.
Following genotyping, explore alternative tertiary workflow concepts in VarSeq to handle PGx reporting.
Moreover, we will include insights users will need to consider when validating their PGx workflow for all possible star alleles and options you have for automating your PGx analysis for large number of samples. Please join us for a session dedicated to the application of star allele genotyping and subsequent PGx workflows in our VarSeq software.
What is Obesity? How to overcome Obesity?
Obesity is a chronic complex disease defined by excessive fat deposits that can impair health.
Pharmacology of 5-hydroxytryptamine and Antagonist
5-hydroxytryptamine or 5-HT or Serotonin is a neurotransmitter that serves a range of roles in the human body. It is sometimes referred to as the happy chemical since it promotes overall well-being and happiness.
It is mostly found in the brain, intestines, and blood platelets.
5-HT is utilised to transport messages between nerve cells, is known to be involved in smooth muscle contraction, and adds to overall well-being and pleasure, among other benefits. 5-HT regulates the body's sleep-wake cycles and internal clock by acting as a precursor to melatonin.
It is hypothesised to regulate hunger, emotions, motor, cognitive, and autonomic processes.
Public Health Lecture 4 Social Sciences and Public Health
Sociology, Anthropology and Psychology as applied to Public Health
RESPIRATORY DISEASES by bhavya kelavadiya
The Children are very vulnerable to get affected with respiratory disease.
In our country, the respiratory Disease conditions are consider as major cause for mortality and Morbidity in Child.
Call Girls In Mumbai +91-7426014248 High Profile Call Girl Mumbai
Call Girls In Mumbai +91-7426014248 High Profile Call Girl Mumbai
TEST BANK For Brunner and Suddarth's Textbook of Medical-Surgical Nursing, 14...
TEST BANK For Brunner and Suddarth's Textbook of Medical-Surgical Nursing, 14th Edition (Hinkle, 2017) Verified Chapter's 1 - 73 Complete.pdf
TEST BANK For Brunner and Suddarth's Textbook of Medical-Surgical Nursing, 14th Edition (Hinkle, 2017) Verified Chapter's 1 - 73 Complete.pdf
TEST BANK For Brunner and Suddarth's Textbook of Medical-Surgical Nursing, 14th Edition (Hinkle, 2017) Verified Chapter's 1 - 73 Complete.pdf
Breast cancer: Post menopausal endocrine therapy
Breast cancer in postmenopausal women with hormone receptor-positive (HR+) status is a common and complex condition that necessitates a multifaceted approach to management. HR+ breast cancer means that the cancer cells grow in response to hormones such as estrogen and progesterone. This subtype is prevalent among postmenopausal women and typically exhibits a more indolent course compared to other forms of breast cancer, which allows for a variety of treatment options.
Diagnosis and Staging
The diagnosis of HR+ breast cancer begins with clinical evaluation, imaging, and biopsy. Imaging modalities such as mammography, ultrasound, and MRI help in assessing the extent of the disease. Histopathological examination and immunohistochemical staining of the biopsy sample confirm the diagnosis and hormone receptor status by identifying the presence of estrogen receptors (ER) and progesterone receptors (PR) on the tumor cells.
Staging involves determining the size of the tumor (T), the involvement of regional lymph nodes (N), and the presence of distant metastasis (M). The American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging system is commonly used. Accurate staging is critical as it guides treatment decisions.
Treatment Options
Endocrine Therapy
Endocrine therapy is the cornerstone of treatment for HR+ breast cancer in postmenopausal women. The primary goal is to reduce the levels of estrogen or block its effects on cancer cells. Commonly used agents include:
Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators (SERMs): Tamoxifen is a SERM that binds to estrogen receptors, blocking estrogen from stimulating breast cancer cells. It is effective but may have side effects such as increased risk of endometrial cancer and thromboembolic events.
Aromatase Inhibitors (AIs): These drugs, including anastrozole, letrozole, and exemestane, lower estrogen levels by inhibiting the aromatase enzyme, which converts androgens to estrogen in peripheral tissues. AIs are generally preferred in postmenopausal women due to their efficacy and safety profile compared to tamoxifen.
Selective Estrogen Receptor Downregulators (SERDs): Fulvestrant is a SERD that degrades estrogen receptors and is used in cases where resistance to other endocrine therapies develops.
Combination Therapies
Combining endocrine therapy with other treatments enhances efficacy. Examples include:
Endocrine Therapy with CDK4/6 Inhibitors: Palbociclib, ribociclib, and abemaciclib are CDK4/6 inhibitors that, when combined with endocrine therapy, significantly improve progression-free survival in advanced HR+ breast cancer.
Endocrine Therapy with mTOR Inhibitors: Everolimus, an mTOR inhibitor, can be added to endocrine therapy for patients who have developed resistance to aromatase inhibitors.
Chemotherapy
Chemotherapy is generally reserved for patients with high-risk features, such as large tumor size, high-grade histology, or extensive lymph node involvement. Regimens often include anthracyclines and taxanes.
Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis - Pathogenesis , Clinical Features & Manage...
In this presentation , SBP ( spontaneous bacterial peritonitis ) , which is a common complication in patients with cirrhosis and ascites is described in detail.
The reference for this presentation is Sleisenger and Fordtran's Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease Textbook ( 11th edition ).
NARCOTICS- POLICY AND PROCEDURES FOR ITS USE
This document outlines policies and procedures for handling narcotic and controlled drugs in NABH accredited hospitals.
Call Girls Lucknow 9024918724 Vip Call Girls Lucknow
Call Girls Lucknow 9024918724 Vip Call Girls Lucknow
All about shoulder Joint ..
All about shoulder joint , Anatomy ,Examination, Special tests and radiology.
Nutritional deficiency disorder in Child
Nutritional deficiency Disorder are problems in india.
It is very important to learn about Indian child's nutritional parameters as well the Disease related to alteration in their Nutrition.
Computer in pharmaceutical research and development-Mpharm(Pharmaceutics)
Statistics- Statistics is the science of collecting, organizing, presenting, analyzing and interpreting numerical data to assist in making more effective decisions.
A statistics is a measure which is used to estimate the population parameter
Parameters-It is used to describe the properties of an entire population.
Examples-Measures of central tendency Dispersion, Variance, Standard Deviation (SD), Absolute Error, Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Eigen Value
Pollen and Fungal allergy: aeroallergy.pdf
Pollen and Fungal allergy: aeroallergy.pdfChulalongkorn Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Group
Pollen and Fungal allergy
Presented by Chaloemchai Chumsaengchotsakul, MD.
June 14, 2024Recently uploaded (20)
District Residency Programme (DRP) for PGs in India.pptx
District Residency Programme (DRP) for PGs in India.pptx
5 Effective Homeopathic Medicines for Irregular Periods
5 Effective Homeopathic Medicines for Irregular Periods
“Psychiatry and the Humanities”: An Innovative Course at the University of Mo...
“Psychiatry and the Humanities”: An Innovative Course at the University of Mo...
Pharmacology of 5-hydroxytryptamine and Antagonist
Pharmacology of 5-hydroxytryptamine and Antagonist
Public Health Lecture 4 Social Sciences and Public Health
Public Health Lecture 4 Social Sciences and Public Health
Call Girls In Mumbai +91-7426014248 High Profile Call Girl Mumbai
Call Girls In Mumbai +91-7426014248 High Profile Call Girl Mumbai
TEST BANK For Brunner and Suddarth's Textbook of Medical-Surgical Nursing, 14...
TEST BANK For Brunner and Suddarth's Textbook of Medical-Surgical Nursing, 14...
Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis - Pathogenesis , Clinical Features & Manage...
Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis - Pathogenesis , Clinical Features & Manage...
pharmacy exam preparation for undergradute students.pptx
pharmacy exam preparation for undergradute students.pptx
Call Girls Lucknow 9024918724 Vip Call Girls Lucknow
Call Girls Lucknow 9024918724 Vip Call Girls Lucknow
Computer in pharmaceutical research and development-Mpharm(Pharmaceutics)
Computer in pharmaceutical research and development-Mpharm(Pharmaceutics)
NSI drskg.pptx
- 1. NEEDLE STICK INJURY - DR SHRUTIKIRTI
- 2. Occupational exposure- (In health care setting ) Exposure to potential blood borne infection that may occur in health care setting while performing duties 1. Percutaneous injury/ needle stick injury 2. Splash injury with blood and body fluids Post exposure prophylaxis Comprehensive medical management to minimize the risk of infection among health care worker following exposure
- 3. Health care setting Exposure Occupational non occupational Exposed person – person who is potentially at risk of acquiring infection Source person (identified/unknown) – patient – Possible source of infection 1. Percutaneous injury (needle stick injury (NSI) / metal sharps 2. Splash injury with blood or body fluid exposure Exposure outside work place Unsafe sex , sexual assault, human bite
- 4. Potential blood born infection- HBV (9-30%) HCV (1-1.8%) HIV(0.3%) Infectious specimens for NSI 1.Potential infectious specimen 2.Potentially non infectious specimen
- 6. Risk factor Unsafe practices(reuse, recap, overuse, unsafe sharp waste management) Other 1) Type of needle – hollow bore>solid 2) Device contaminated with blood 3) Depth of injury volume of blood 4) Viral load 5) Delay in first aid and PEP Device a/w NSI
- 7. CHALLENGES Most neglected and under- reported Lack of network and database maintenance PREVENTION
- 8. Management- post exposure prophylaxis Steps- First aid Report to nodal centre 1st dose of PEP for HIV Lab testing for BBV Decision on PEP for HIV & HBV Documentation and recording Consent and counselling Follow-up Precaution during follow-up
- 9. Laboratory testing- 1. Anti- HIV antibody detection 2. HBsAg detection 3. Anti- HCV antibody detection 4. Anti HBs antibody Baseline serostatus – should be obtained with in 6 days of exposure Risk assessment HIV – risk of transmission - up to 48hr HBV- risk of transmission- up to 7 days
- 12. HIV – prophylaxis Zidovudine Lamivudine Lopinavir/ritonavir/efavir enz Window period – High prevalence area- PEP given Low prevalence area- PEP not given
- 14. THANK YOU
Editor's Notes
- Contact with mucus membrane , contact with intact skin for long duration, contact non intact skin
- Blood,Semen , vaginal discharge , csf, synovial fluid, pleural fluid, amniotic fluid , pericardial fluid or any fluid with visible blood contamination Fecal matter, urine, sweat , tear, vomitus, sputum