Igneous rocks form from the solidification and crystallization of molten rock. The texture of an igneous rock depends on the size, shape, and arrangement of its mineral crystals, which is determined by the rock's cooling rate. Extrusive igneous rocks cool and solidify quickly at the Earth's surface, resulting in fine-grained or glassy textures, while intrusive igneous rocks cool slowly beneath the surface, forming coarse-grained textures.

1. IGNEOUS ROCKS

2. Where Does Igneous Rock Form?

3. I. FORMATION OF IGNEOUS ROCKS

4. A. Igneous rocks form directly from the _____________ and _____________ solidification crystallization

5. of _____molten rock to form _______ rock solid liquid

6. FOUNTAINING

7. FISSURE ERUPTION

9. LAVA FLOW

11. LAVA FLOW OVER A ROAD

12. LAVA FLOW THROUGH FORREST

13. Kilauea, HI 2003

14. Kilauea, HI , 2003

16. Mt. ST. Helens

17. Volcanic crater

18. crazy vulcanist

19. SKY LIGHT

26. B. _____________ is the process when a liquid rock cools, crystallization

27. and it changes to a solid made of ________ ___________ INTERGROWN CRYSTALS

29. GRANITE MICROSCOPIC VIEW

30. 2. CLASSIFICATION OF IGNEOUS ROCKS:

31. A. 2 characteristics that are used to classify igneous rocks:

32. 1. ______________ 2. ______________ texture mineral composition

34. B. Texture of an igneous rock describes the

35. _________, __________ and ____________ of the mineral crystals it was made from. size shape arrangement

36. C. The ______ of the crystals depends on the _______________________ size Rate of cooling

37. Slow cooling = ____________ large crystals

39. MINERAL CRYSTALS

40. GABBRO

41. Fast cooling = ____________ fine crystals Or no crystals (glassy)

42. GLASSY TEXTURE: OBSIDIAN

43. BASALT: FINE CRYSTALS

44. BASALT MICROSCOPIC VIEW

45. Granite: Coarse crystals Basalt: Fine crystals (Microscopic views)

46. FINE CRYSTAL: RYOLITE

47. 3 . EXTRUSIVE IGNEOUS ROCKS: A. _____________ occurs when molten (liquid) rock flows out of the earth as ________________ Extrusions lava

48. lava magma

49. And cools __________ quickly

50. to form fine or no ____________ crystals

51. gas pockets Vesicular basalt

52. This rock if full of gas pockets frothy texture (vesicular)

53. B. To form magma, ____________ must be melted. minerals

54. C. Minerals melt at different ____________ and ___________ temperatures pressures

55. D. Igneous rocks of different ____________ composition

56. Can form from the same body of ____________ magma

57. 4. INTRUSIVE IGNEOUS ROCKS : A. _____________ occurs when molten rock beneath the surface Intrusions (magma)

58. cools ____________ to form _____________ slowly coarse crystals

59. Granite: Coarse crystals Basalt: Fine crystals (Microscopic views)

61. 5. FELSIC A. Igneous rocks of the continental crust are rich in _________ density _________ colored minerals low light (granitic)

62. 6. MAFIC A. Igneous rocks of the ocean floor are rich in _________ density _________ colored minerals high dark (basaltic)

64. Comparing Oceanic Crust To Continental Crust

65. Continental Crust: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. low density light color felsic granitic thick

66. Oceanic Crust : 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. high density dark color mafic basaltic thin

67. Complete the Activity Use this diagram in your ESRT to answer the following: What is the temperature for the interface between the following… inner core and outer core? 6250° C Outer core and stiffer mantle? 5000° C Stiffer Mantle and athenosphere? 2600° C Asthenosphere and lithosphere? 750° C

68. What is the depth of the interface between the stiffer mantle and the outer core? 2900 KM State the relationship between depth and pressure :As depth increase pressure increases State the relationship between depth and temperature: As depth increases temperature increases

70. When rocks melt, bonds broken. Crystalline solid no longer exists. MELTING ROCKS AND CRYSTALLIZING MAGMA Rock magma magma rock

71. Hot liquid contains still solid fragments Minerals melt at different temperatures Melting causes changes in magma composition MELTING ROCKS AND CRYSTALLIZING MAGMA Rock magma magma rock

72. Cooling of hot liquid allows crystallization of minerals Bonds are re-established Crystalline structure grows until edges touch adjacent crystals Minerals crystallize at different temperatures MELTING ROCKS AND CRYSTALLIZING MAGMA Rock magma magma rock

73. OK……….. TAKE OUT YOUR REFERENCE TABLE