Norman L. Butler, Renata Pirog, and William Allan Kritsonis
Article: Teaching English to Polish Post-Secondary Vocational Institution Learners by Norman L. Butler, Renata Pirog, and William Allan Kritsonis
WILLIAM ALLAN KRITSONIS was recognized as the Central Washington University Alumni Association Distinguished Alumnus for the College of Education and Professional Studies. He was honored by the Texas National Association for Multicultural Education as Professor, Scholar, and Pioneer Publisher for Distinguished Service to Multicultural Research Publishing. The ceremony was held at Texas A&M University-College Station. He was inducted into the prestigious William H. Parker Leadership Academy Hall of Honor. He was an Invited Visiting Lecturer at the Oxford Round Table at Oriel College in the University of Oxford, United Kingdom. Dr. Kritsonis was a Visiting Scholar at Columbia University’s Teacher College in New York, and Visiting Scholar in the School of Education at Stanford University, Palo Alto, California.
WILLIAM ALLAN KRITSONIS was recognized as the Central Washington University Alumni Association Distinguished Alumnus for the College of Education and Professional Studies. He was honored by the Texas National Association for Multicultural Education as Professor, Scholar, and Pioneer Publisher for Distinguished Service to Multicultural Research Publishing. The ceremony was held at Texas A&M University-College Station. He was inducted into the prestigious William H. Parker Leadership Academy Hall of Honor. He was an Invited Visiting Lecturer at the Oxford Round Table at Oriel College in the University of Oxford, United Kingdom. Dr. Kritsonis was a Visiting Scholar at Columbia University’s Teacher College in New York, and Visiting Scholar in the School of Education at Stanford University, Palo Alto, California.
William H. Parker Leadership Academy Hall of Honor
In 2008, Dr. Kritsonis was inducted into the William H. Parker Leadership Academy Hall of Honor, Graduate School, Prairie View A&M University – The Texas A&M University System. He was nominated by doctoral and master’s degree students.
Dr. William Kritsonis & Dr. Norman L. Butler
WILLIAM ALLAN KRITSONIS was recognized as the Central Washington University Alumni Association Distinguished Alumnus for the College of Education and Professional Studies. He was honored by the Texas National Association for Multicultural Education as Professor, Scholar, and Pioneer Publisher for Distinguished Service to Multicultural Research Publishing. The ceremony was held at Texas A&M University-College Station. He was inducted into the prestigious William H. Parker Leadership Academy Hall of Honor. He was an Invited Visiting Lecturer at the Oxford Round Table at Oriel College in the University of Oxford, United Kingdom. Dr. Kritsonis was a Visiting Scholar at Columbia University’s Teacher College in New York, and Visiting Scholar in the School of Education at Stanford University, Palo Alto, California.
WILLIAM ALLAN KRITSONIS was recognized as the Central Washington University Alumni Association Distinguished Alumnus for the College of Education and Professional Studies. He was honored by the Texas National Association for Multicultural Education as Professor, Scholar, and Pioneer Publisher for Distinguished Service to Multicultural Research Publishing. The ceremony was held at Texas A&M University-College Station. He was inducted into the prestigious William H. Parker Leadership Academy Hall of Honor. He was an Invited Visiting Lecturer at the Oxford Round Table at Oriel College in the University of Oxford, United Kingdom. Dr. Kritsonis was a Visiting Scholar at Columbia University’s Teacher College in New York, and Visiting Scholar in the School of Education at Stanford University, Palo Alto, California.
William H. Parker Leadership Academy Hall of Honor
In 2008, Dr. Kritsonis was inducted into the William H. Parker Leadership Academy Hall of Honor, Graduate School, Prairie View A&M University – The Texas A&M University System. He was nominated by doctoral and master’s degree students.
Dr. William Kritsonis & Dr. Norman L. Butler
This presentation is linked to a workshop presented at the HEA Enhancement event ‘Successful students: enhancing employability through enterprise education’. The blog post that accompanies this presentation can be accessed via
This presentation is linked to a workshop presented at the HEA Enhancement event ‘Successful students: enhancing employability through enterprise education’. The blog post that accompanies this presentation can be accessed via
Dr. Desiree Adair Skinner - Article: Implementing the WAYS OF KNOWING THROUGH...William Kritsonis
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Dr. Kritsonis is founder of NATIONAL FORUM JOURNALS (since 1983). These publications represent a group of highly respected scholarly academic periodicals. Over 4,000 writers have been published in these refereed, peer-reviewed periodicals. In 1983, he founded the National FORUM of Educational Administration and Supervision – now acclaimed by many as the United States’ leading recognized scholarly academic refereed journal in educational administration, leadership, and supervision.
In 1987, Dr. Kritsonis founded the National FORUM of Applied Educational Research Journal whose aim is to conjoin the efforts of applied educational researchers world-wide with those of practitioners in education. He founded the National FORUM of Teacher Education Journal, National FORUM of Special Education Journal, National FORUM of Multicultural Issues Journal, International Journal of Scholarly Academic Intellectual Diversity, International Journal of Management, Business, and Administration, and the DOCTORAL FORUM – National Journal for Publishing and Mentoring Doctoral Student Research. The DOCTORAL FORUM is the only refereed journal in America committed to publishing doctoral students while they are enrolled in course work in their doctoral programs. In 1997, he established the Online Journal Division of National FORUM Journals that publishes academic scholarly refereed articles daily on the website: www.nationalforum.com. Over 500 professors have published online. In January 2007, Dr. Kritsonis established Focus: On Colleges, Universities, and Schools.
WILLIAM ALLAN KRITSONIS was recognized as the Central Washington University Alumni Association Distinguished Alumnus for the College of Education and Professional Studies. He was honored by the Texas National Association for Multicultural Education as Professor, Scholar, and Pioneer Publisher for Distinguished Service to Multicultural Research Publishing. The ceremony was held at Texas A&M University-College Station. He was inducted into the prestigious William H. Parker Leadership Academy Hall of Honor. He was an Invited Visiting Lecturer at the Oxford Round Table at Oriel College in the University of Oxford, United Kingdom. Dr. Kritsonis was a Visiting Scholar at Columbia University’s Teacher College in New York, and Visiting Scholar in the School of Education at Stanford University, Palo Alto, California.
NATIONAL FORUM JOURNALS are a group of national and international refereed, blind-reviewed academic journals. NFJ publishes articles academic intellectual diversity, multicultural issues, management, business, administration, issues focusing on colleges, universities, and schools, all aspects of schooling, special education, counseling and addiction, international issues of education, organizational behavior, theory and development, and much more. DR. WILLIAM ALLAN KRITSONIS is Editor-in-Chief (Since 1982). See: www.nationalforum.com
Dr. William Allan Kritsonis, Editor-in-Chief, NATIONAL FORUM JOURNALS (Founded 1982). Dr. Kritsonis has served as an elementary school teacher, elementary and middle school principal, superintendent of schools, director of student teaching and field experiences, professor, author, consultant, and journal editor. Dr. Kritsonis has considerable experience in chairing PhD dissertations and master thesis and has supervised practicums for teacher candidates, curriculum supervisors, central office personnel, principals, and superintendents. He also has experience in teaching in doctoral and masters programs in elementary and secondary education as well as educational leadership and supervision. He has earned the rank as professor at three universities in two states, including successful post-tenure reviews.
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ELT or 'English Language Teaching' indicates to teaching of English to people whose first language is not English. In the process of learning literature, teaching of English comes forward as the most powerful tool in the school bag. The larger portion of people learn English for practical rather than ideological reasons in non-native English speaking nations.
NATIONAL FORUM JOURNALS (Founded 1982 (www.nationalforum.com) is a group of national and international refereed journals. NFJ publishes articles on colleges, universities and schools; management, business and administration; academic scholarship, multicultural issues; schooling; special education; teaching and learning; counseling and addiction; alcohol and drugs; crime and criminology; disparities in health; risk behaviors; international issues; education; organizational theory and behavior; educational leadership and supervision; action and applied research; teacher education; race, gender, society; public school law; philosophy and history; psychology, sociology, and much more. Dr. William Allan Kritsonis, Editor-in-Chief.
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Norman L. Butler, Renata Pirog, and William Allan Kritsonis
1. Great Britain International Tribune, Volume 96, Number 1, 2011
Teaching English to Polish Post-Secondary Vocational
Institution Learners
Authors: Norman L. Butler, PhD
Lecturer in English
Department of Foreign Languages
AGH University of Science and Technology
Cracow, Poland
Renata Pirog, MA
Senior Teacher of Polish
SZKOLA POLICEALNA ‘VADEMECUM’
Cracow
William Allan Kritsonis, PhD
Professor
PhD Program in Educational Leadership
Whitlowe R. Green College of Education
Prairie View A&M University
The Texas A&M University System
Prairie View, Texas, USA
Publication date: January 2011
___________________________________________________________________________
ABSTRACT
The aims of this article are to determine 1. if Polish post-secondary vocational school
learners are studying English so that they can obtain jobs in the UK and Ireland and 2.
Whether they prefer to learn how to speak English from a native speaker than from a
non-native instructor. Sixteen learners, who study part-time at SZKOLA
POLICEALNA ‘VADEMECUM’ in Cracow, were surveyed, and the authors found that
most students (87%) are not studying English in order to secure employment in the UK
and Ireland and that 75% of the learners prefer to be taught English by a non-native
speaker. The theoretical framework for this article is provided by the general idea of the
school as an organization and social institution.
___________________________________________________________________________
Definition
What are post-secondary vocational schools (szkoly policealne i pomaturalne)?
Post-secondary vocational schools (PVSs) are part of the Polish secondary school
system. Thus, curricula are centrally coordinated, and there is continuity between PVSs and
the Polish secondary school system. The purpose of PVSs is to prepare students for
specialized skilled manual labor or specializations requiring secondary school qualifications
2. (Ministry of National Education 1994,p. 10). There are three types of PVSs, based on
ownership: 1) public (i.e., state owned), 2) non-public (privately owned), and 3) non-public
with state status (i.e., privately owned; the state status means that the school can deliver the
same programs as a state institution). Admission to PVS programs requires having completed
secondary school.
Introduction
Poles are committed to the notion of compulsory education and public (state)
schooling. Poles start school at age seven and can leave at eighteen.
There are guarantees in Poland for private schools and special education.
Foreign languages have been part of the Polish school curriculum for some time.
Starting in the late 1940’s, the Russian language was adopted as the primary foreign language
to be instructed to all students from the age of 11 and upwards, regardless of the kind of
institution (Janowski, 1992, 43). A “West European language” was offered as a “second
foreign language” only to pupils attending full secondary school, in other words, institutions
leading to a school leaving certificate (Janowski, 1992, 43). From the 1989-90 academic year
onward the learning of Russian ceased to be compulsory, and, at about the same time, the
Polish government began to encourage the widespread teaching of West European languages
in schools (Janowski, 1992, 50).
Fifty-five new teacher training colleges have been opened throughout Poland in
support of the government's policy (Janowski, 1992, 51) and by 1992 two foreign
organizations had endorsed this new training initiative by sending volunteers to Poland: 1)
Solidarity Eastern Europe, a Canadian company and 2) the American Peace Corps. The author
has first-hand knowledge about the activities of these organizations. In 1991,
he was recruited by Solidarity Eastern Europe to teach English at Rzeszow University of
Technology, and while he was there he had the pleasure to interface academically with one
Peace Corps worker.
Research Questions
1. Are Polish post- secondary vocational school students studying English so that they can
obtain work in the UK and Ireland? The predicted answer was “yes” because it is relatively
easy for Poles to be employed there.
2. Do Polish post -secondary vocational institution learners prefer to learn how to speak
English from a native speaker teacher than from a non-native instructor? The predicted
answer was “yes” because it is not normal for Poles to speak to one another in English.
Motivation and conceptual framework for this article
The motivation for this work is Ireland and Great Britain’s current “open door”
policies toward Polish workers. Citizens of Poland have the same right to be employed in
these countries as Irish and British nationals.1 Therefore, it is now more important than ever
for Polish students to learn English.
3. The theoretical model for this work is provided by the general notion of the school as
an organization and social institution.
Student Responses and Results
On 25 October 2008 sixteen students, who study part-time at SZKOLA
POLICEALNA ‘VADEMECUM’ in Cracow, were asked to answer the two research
questions on a sheet of paper. The results are as follows: 1. 87% (no) and 13% (yes), for the
first question and 2.25% (yes) and 75% (no) for the second question. Therefore, the predicted
answers to both the questions were not confirmed.
Concluding Remarks
Our findings have implications for English language teaching at Polish post-secondary
vocational schools. Nevertheless, it is recommended that more research be carried out, in the
future, involving additional institutions.
Note
According to the Irish Examiner, thirty three thousand Polish workers have arrived in Ireland
since Poland’s accession to the EU in May, 2004.
References
1. Irish Examiner, Abuse of Polish workers widespread, says embassy. file:///C:/Documents
%20and%20Settings/Norman%20Butler/Moje%20dokumenty/story130329102.asp.htm,
Retrieved: 12 November, 2006.
2. Janowski A. (1992), Polish Education: Changes and Prospects. Oxford Studies in
Comparative Education 2 (1), 41-55.