Oligodontia is the congenital absence of six or more than six teeth in either permanent or primary dentition. Because of the missing teeth in these patients esthetic, functional and psychological problems may arise. This article reports a three rare cases of non-syndromic oligodontia. Key words: oligodontia, hypodontia, severe partial anodontia
Macrodontia of an impacted upper second premolar: acase report of a previousl...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences is one of the speciality Journal in Dental Science and Medical Science published by International Organization of Scientific Research (IOSR). The Journal publishes papers of the highest scientific merit and widest possible scope work in all areas related to medical and dental science. The Journal welcome review articles, leading medical and clinical research articles, technical notes, case reports and others.
Tooth agenesis is one of the most common congenital malformations in humans. Hypodontia can either occur as an isolated condition (non-syndromic hypodontia) or can be associated with a syndrome (syndromic hypodontia), highlighting the heterogeneity of the condition. Gene anomalies or mutations in MSX1, PAX9, AXIN2 and EDA genes, appear to be most critical during the development of tooth, leading to various forms of tooth agenesis and systemic features. The aim of this paper is to review the genetic basis of hypodontia and identify the genes that have been definitively implicated in the agenesis of human dentition.
Tooth agenesis is the most prevalent craniofacial congenital anomaly in humans. The term refers to an isolated disorder in the absence of non-dental phenotypes but is also used to describe the manifestation of missing teeth in syndromes. The affected individuals suffer from compromised masticatory functions and have decreased quality of life. Discerning the genetic etiology of tooth agenesis not only improves our understanding of normal tooth development but also provides a fundamental basis for developing potential therapeutic strategies for this anomaly. To date, MSX1, Pax9, Axin2, Eda, And Wnt10a have been established as candidate genes associated with non-syndromic tooth agenesis.This article reviews the recently discovered genes involved in dental agenesis , and provides an update on the aetiological factors underlying this common malformation.
Esthetic Management of Congenitally Missing Lateral Incisors With Single Toot...Abu-Hussein Muhamad
Congenitally missing teeth are frequently presented to the dentist. Interdisciplinary approach may be needed for the proper treatment plan. Several treatment options exist for the replacement of congenitally missing lateral incisors.This case report addresses the fundamental considerations related to replacement of a congenitally missing lateral incisor by a team approach.
Macrodontia of an impacted upper second premolar: acase report of a previousl...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences is one of the speciality Journal in Dental Science and Medical Science published by International Organization of Scientific Research (IOSR). The Journal publishes papers of the highest scientific merit and widest possible scope work in all areas related to medical and dental science. The Journal welcome review articles, leading medical and clinical research articles, technical notes, case reports and others.
Tooth agenesis is one of the most common congenital malformations in humans. Hypodontia can either occur as an isolated condition (non-syndromic hypodontia) or can be associated with a syndrome (syndromic hypodontia), highlighting the heterogeneity of the condition. Gene anomalies or mutations in MSX1, PAX9, AXIN2 and EDA genes, appear to be most critical during the development of tooth, leading to various forms of tooth agenesis and systemic features. The aim of this paper is to review the genetic basis of hypodontia and identify the genes that have been definitively implicated in the agenesis of human dentition.
Tooth agenesis is the most prevalent craniofacial congenital anomaly in humans. The term refers to an isolated disorder in the absence of non-dental phenotypes but is also used to describe the manifestation of missing teeth in syndromes. The affected individuals suffer from compromised masticatory functions and have decreased quality of life. Discerning the genetic etiology of tooth agenesis not only improves our understanding of normal tooth development but also provides a fundamental basis for developing potential therapeutic strategies for this anomaly. To date, MSX1, Pax9, Axin2, Eda, And Wnt10a have been established as candidate genes associated with non-syndromic tooth agenesis.This article reviews the recently discovered genes involved in dental agenesis , and provides an update on the aetiological factors underlying this common malformation.
Esthetic Management of Congenitally Missing Lateral Incisors With Single Toot...Abu-Hussein Muhamad
Congenitally missing teeth are frequently presented to the dentist. Interdisciplinary approach may be needed for the proper treatment plan. Several treatment options exist for the replacement of congenitally missing lateral incisors.This case report addresses the fundamental considerations related to replacement of a congenitally missing lateral incisor by a team approach.
Taurodontism is a rare dental anomaly in which the involved tooth has an enlarged and elongated body and pulp chamber
with apical displacement of the pulpal floor. Endodontic treatment of a taurodont tooth is challenge to a clinician and
requires special handling because of the proximity and apical displacement of the roots. The present article describes the
diagnosis and management of hypertaurodontism by endodontic treatment in a left mandibular second molar.
“Perio-Implant Synergy”- Two lectures on “Lost Buccal Plate- Complications and Management” and “Failing to Plan is Planning to Fail”. Organized by the Society of Periodontists and Implantologists of Kerala” at PMS Dental College, Trivandrum, India on 17/9/2018.
3.Tahrir N. Aldelaimi Article BONY SYNGNATHIA (CONGENITAL FUSION OF MAXILLA ...MohammedAbdulhammed
Tahrir N. Aldelaimi's ( dean of college of dentistry / Anbar University ) Published paper Show plagiarized paragraph (High light ) from a case report belong to Ismail Yazdi and Amir Hossein Fakhraee
Gingival recession—can orthodontics be a cure? evidence from a case presentationEdwardHAngle
Does orthodontic treatment help or hinder a patient’s periodontal status? What factors affect the
periodontium? Can those factors be managed in a way that remedies existing periodontal issues?
A 35-year-old woman presented with severe gingival recession and a unilateral Class II
malocclusion. The treatment plan was to correct the malocclusion in a way that torques the roots
more onto bone and to change her dental hygiene methods. With an extensive review of the
literature, this case review attempts to make sense of the enigma of gingival recession and
demonstrates an excellent treatment solution to concomitant orthodontic and periodontal
problems.
ENDO-PERIO LESION: DIAGNOSIS, PROGNOSIS AND DECISION-MAKING. Antonio Bonaccor...Anubhuti Singh
Presence of tooth with simultaneous lesions of endodontic and periodontal origin is a challenge to clinician as far as
Such infections are typically polimicrobial and therefore, interactions, both antagonistic and synergistic, between different strains and species would be expected
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences is one of the speciality Journal in Dental Science and Medical Science published by International Organization of Scientific Research (IOSR). The Journal publishes papers of the highest scientific merit and widest possible scope work in all areas related to medical and dental science. The Journal welcome review articles, leading medical and clinical research articles, technical notes, case reports and others.
Esthetic Management of Congenitally Missing Lateral Incisors With Single Toot...Abu-Hussein Muhamad
Congenitally missing teeth are frequently presented to the dentist. Interdisciplinary approach may be needed for the proper treatment plan. Several treatment options exist for the replacement of congenitally missing lateral incisors.This case report addresses the fundamental considerations related to replacement of a congenitally missing lateral incisor by a team approach.
Managing congenitally missing lateral incisors with single tooth implants Abu-Hussein Muhamad
Congenitally missing teeth are frequently presented to the dentist. Interdisciplinary approach may be needed for the proper treatment plan. Several treatment
options exist for the replacement of congenitally missing lateral incisors. These options include canine substitution, resin bonded fixed partial dentures, cantilevered
fixed partial dentures, conventional fixed partial dentures and single tooth implants. Depending on which treatment option is chosen, a specific criterion has to be
addressed. Interdisciplinary treatment plays a vital role to achieve an excellent, esthetic result for a most predictable outcome. This paper describes the therapeutic use
of osseointegrated implants to replace congenitally missing upper lateral incisors. Highlighting the importance of the Orthodontic/Restorative interface.
Taurodontism is a rare dental anomaly in which the involved tooth has an enlarged and elongated body and pulp chamber
with apical displacement of the pulpal floor. Endodontic treatment of a taurodont tooth is challenge to a clinician and
requires special handling because of the proximity and apical displacement of the roots. The present article describes the
diagnosis and management of hypertaurodontism by endodontic treatment in a left mandibular second molar.
“Perio-Implant Synergy”- Two lectures on “Lost Buccal Plate- Complications and Management” and “Failing to Plan is Planning to Fail”. Organized by the Society of Periodontists and Implantologists of Kerala” at PMS Dental College, Trivandrum, India on 17/9/2018.
3.Tahrir N. Aldelaimi Article BONY SYNGNATHIA (CONGENITAL FUSION OF MAXILLA ...MohammedAbdulhammed
Tahrir N. Aldelaimi's ( dean of college of dentistry / Anbar University ) Published paper Show plagiarized paragraph (High light ) from a case report belong to Ismail Yazdi and Amir Hossein Fakhraee
Gingival recession—can orthodontics be a cure? evidence from a case presentationEdwardHAngle
Does orthodontic treatment help or hinder a patient’s periodontal status? What factors affect the
periodontium? Can those factors be managed in a way that remedies existing periodontal issues?
A 35-year-old woman presented with severe gingival recession and a unilateral Class II
malocclusion. The treatment plan was to correct the malocclusion in a way that torques the roots
more onto bone and to change her dental hygiene methods. With an extensive review of the
literature, this case review attempts to make sense of the enigma of gingival recession and
demonstrates an excellent treatment solution to concomitant orthodontic and periodontal
problems.
ENDO-PERIO LESION: DIAGNOSIS, PROGNOSIS AND DECISION-MAKING. Antonio Bonaccor...Anubhuti Singh
Presence of tooth with simultaneous lesions of endodontic and periodontal origin is a challenge to clinician as far as
Such infections are typically polimicrobial and therefore, interactions, both antagonistic and synergistic, between different strains and species would be expected
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences is one of the speciality Journal in Dental Science and Medical Science published by International Organization of Scientific Research (IOSR). The Journal publishes papers of the highest scientific merit and widest possible scope work in all areas related to medical and dental science. The Journal welcome review articles, leading medical and clinical research articles, technical notes, case reports and others.
Esthetic Management of Congenitally Missing Lateral Incisors With Single Toot...Abu-Hussein Muhamad
Congenitally missing teeth are frequently presented to the dentist. Interdisciplinary approach may be needed for the proper treatment plan. Several treatment options exist for the replacement of congenitally missing lateral incisors.This case report addresses the fundamental considerations related to replacement of a congenitally missing lateral incisor by a team approach.
Managing congenitally missing lateral incisors with single tooth implants Abu-Hussein Muhamad
Congenitally missing teeth are frequently presented to the dentist. Interdisciplinary approach may be needed for the proper treatment plan. Several treatment
options exist for the replacement of congenitally missing lateral incisors. These options include canine substitution, resin bonded fixed partial dentures, cantilevered
fixed partial dentures, conventional fixed partial dentures and single tooth implants. Depending on which treatment option is chosen, a specific criterion has to be
addressed. Interdisciplinary treatment plays a vital role to achieve an excellent, esthetic result for a most predictable outcome. This paper describes the therapeutic use
of osseointegrated implants to replace congenitally missing upper lateral incisors. Highlighting the importance of the Orthodontic/Restorative interface.
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences is one of the speciality Journal in Dental Science and Medical Science published by International Organization of Scientific Research (IOSR). The Journal publishes papers of the highest scientific merit and widest possible scope work in all areas related to medical and dental science. The Journal welcome review articles, leading medical and clinical research articles, technical notes, case reports and others.
Tooth Agenesis in Orthodontic Patients at Arab Population in IsraelAbu-Hussein Muhamad
Non-syndromic tooth agenesis has been occasionally described in literature and data available for its prevalence is rare in Arabs population in Israel. The purpose of the present retrospective radiographic study was to provide data concerning the prevalence of non-syndromic hypodontia in patients reporting to the Center for Dentistry,Research & Aesthetics, Jatt, Almothalat, Israel
Study of the Prevalence of Dentoalveolar Anomalies in Children with Torticoll...ijtsrd
Torticollis wryneck is one of the most common abnormalities, ranking third among congenital abnormalities. Not recognized and untreated in time torticollis leads to the occurrence of various deformities of the dentition. The result of examination of 457 children aged 3 to 14 years and older showed that the frequency of dentoalveolar anomalies is aggravated depending on the severity of the underlying disease. Therefore, timely detection of torticollis and dentoalveolar anomalies in this contingent of children and providing them with the necessary preventive care helps to reduce the number of dentoalveolar anomalies and shorten the rehabilitation period. Mavlonova Mokhlaroyim Akhtamovna | Shaamukhamedova Feruza Abdulkhakovna | Suleymanova Dilfuza Azlarovna | Aralov Mirzobek Bakhromovich "Study of the Prevalence of Dentoalveolar Anomalies in Children with Torticollis (WRYNECK)" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-6 , October 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd47735.pdf Paper URL : https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/other/47735/study-of-the-prevalence-of-dentoalveolar-anomalies-in-children-with-torticollis-wryneck/mavlonova-mokhlaroyim-akhtamovna
The management of impacted canines is important in terms of esthetics and function. Clinicians must formulate treatment plans that are in the best interest of the patient and they must be knowledgeable about the variety of treatment options. When patients are evaluated and treated properly, clinicians can reduce the frequency of ectopic eruption and subsequent impaction of the maxillary canine. The simplest interceptive procedure that can be used to prevent impaction of permanent canines is the timely extraction of the primary canines. This procedure usually allows the permanent canines to become upright and erupt properly into the dental arch, provided sufficient space is available to accommodate them. In the present article, an overview of the incidence and sequelae, as well as the surgical, periodontal, and orthodontic considerations in the management of impacted canines is presented.
Similar to Nonsyndromic Oligodontia in Permanent Dentition: Three Rare Cases (20)
Congenital absence of maxillary lateral incisors is a frequent clinical challenge which must be solved by a multidisciplinary approach in order to obtain an
esthetic and functional restorative treatment. . Fixed prosthodontic and removable prostheses, resin bonded retainers, orthodontic movement of maxillary
canine to the lateral incisor site and single tooth implants represent the available treatment modalities to replace congenitally missing teeth. This case report
demonstrates the team approach in prosthetic and surgical considerations and techniques for managing the lack of lateral incisors. The aims of this case
report of replacement of bilaterally congenitally missing maxillary lateral incisors with dental implants.
Aesthetic Management of Fractured Anteriors: A Case ReportAbu-Hussein Muhamad
Introduction: Coronal fracture of anterior teeth is an important topic for esthetic dentistry. Such fractures may jeopardize esthetics, function, tissue biology
and occlusal physiology, thus endangering tooth vitality and integrity. Coronal fractures resulting from dental trauma most frequently occur to the maxillary
anterior teeth of adolescents and less frequently to mandibular teeth. Adult teeth may also suffer traumatic fracture, although less frequently than for
adolescents.
Case Report: In our case, an economical and time-saving novel technique has been described for direct composite restoration in a young patient with
uncomplicated fractured maxillary anterior tooth.
Conclusion: As restoring a fractured tooth is a complex procedure, this technique can prove as a simple, effective and appropriate technique that will fulfill all
the requirements of dental personnel. This technique can also prove to be easy for inexperienced beginner clinicians without requiring special skills in
providing the patients with direct composite restorations.
Impacted Maxillary Central Incisors: Surgical Exposure and Orthodontic Treat...Abu-Hussein Muhamad
The maxillary permanent central incisor develops early in life and forms part of an aesthetic smile. Disruption of the formation or eruption of the permanent
central incisor has multiple etiological factors. Treatment options depend to some extent on the cause of failure of eruption of the central incisor. Generally,
the earlier treatment is provided, the higher the likelihood of success and the less the complexity. Our results suggest that close monitoring and interdisciplinary
cooperation during the treatment phases led to a successful esthetic result, with good periodontal health and functional occlusion.
Excess of space in the dental arch is diagnosed as a
generalised spacing or a local divergence, often
observed in the maxillary anterior region, as a median
diastema, traumatic loss of central incisors, or
congenital absence of lateral incisors. Furthermore,
spacing is observed in aging individuals, due to
pathological migration of teeth caused by
periodontitis. Finally, adult individuals with partial
edentulous jaws demand pre-prosthetic orthodontic
treatment from functional aspects. Thus, indication for
orthodontic treatment in subjects with spacing of teeth
exists for aesthetic reasons, but also for facilitating
prosthetic restorations with optimal occlusalstability.
Dental implants represent one of the most successful treatment modalities in dentistry.
However, failures do occur in the range from 5 to 8% for routine procedures and up to 20% in major grafting
cases after at least 5 years of function . The majority of implant losses may be explained as biomechanically
induced failures, since low primary implant stability, low bone density, short implants and overload have been
identified as risk factors . Hence, achievement and maintenance of implant stability are pre-conditions for a
successful clinical outcome with dental implants.
The review focuses on different methods used to assess implant stability and recent advances in this field.
Aesthetic Management of Fractured Anteriors: A Case ReportAbu-Hussein Muhamad
Introduction: Coronal fracture of anterior teeth is an important topic for esthetic dentistry. Such fractures may jeopardize esthetics, function, tissue biology
and occlusal physiology, thus endangering tooth vitality and integrity. Coronal fractures resulting from dental trauma most frequently occur to the maxillary
anterior teeth of adolescents and less frequently to mandibular teeth. Adult teeth may also suffer traumatic fracture, although less frequently than for
adolescents.
Case Report: In our case, an economical and time-saving novel technique has been described for direct composite restoration in a young patient with
uncomplicated fractured maxillary anterior tooth.
Conclusion: As restoring a fractured tooth is a complex procedure, this technique can prove as a simple, effective and appropriate technique that will fulfill all
the requirements of dental personnel. This technique can also prove to be easy for inexperienced beginner clinicians without requiring special skills in
providing the patients with direct composite restorations
Orthodontic tooth movement is basically a biologic response towards a mechanical force. Osteoclast and osteoblast cells mediate bone resorption and apposition, which eventually produces tooth movement. Researches showed that the rate of orthodontic tooth movement can be altered by certain drugs locally or systemically. The Objective of this article is to discuss the current data concerning the effect of drugs on orthodontic tooth movement.
Multidisciplinary Approach in the Rehabilitation of Congenitally Maxillary C...Abu-Hussein Muhamad
Objective: This case report describes the multidisciplinary
approach to treat a congenitally missed maxillary canine, how to
improve patient’s smile using orthodontic fixed appliance, endosseous
dental implant, and porcelain veneer to achieve the treatment results of
function and esthetic.
Materials and procedures: Unilateral agenesis of the permanent
maxillary canines in healthy individuals is extremely rare. This
paper presents the case of a female patient diagnosed with congenital
unilateral agenesis of the permanent maxillary canines as well as
occlusal abnormalities in the form of left-side crossbite. To restore the
proper aesthetics and function, interdisciplinary therapeutic treatment
was implemented. In the case presented in this paper, the aim of
oral rehabilitation was to restore a functional balance by obtaining
proper skeletal relationships, creating optimal occlusal conditions and
obtaining arch continuity.
Conclusion: Interdisciplinary treatment combined of orthodontics,
implant surgery, and prosthodontics was useful to treat a nonsyndromic
oligodontia patient. Especially, with the new strategy, implantanchored
orthodontics, which can facilitate the treatmentand make it
more simply with greater predictability.
The multifactorial factors influenc cleft Lip-literature review Abu-Hussein Muhamad
Congenital cleft-Lip and cleft palate have been the subject of many genetic
studies, but until recently there has been no consensus as to their modes of
inheritance. In fact, claims have been made for just about every genetic
mechanism one can think of. Recently, however, evidence has been
accumulating that favors a multifactorial basis for these malformations. The
purpose of the present paper is to present the etiology of cleft lip and cleft palate
both the genetic and the environmental factors. It is suggested that the genetic
basis for diverse kinds of common or uncommon congenital malformations may
very well be homogeneous, whilst, at the same, the environmental basis is
heterogeneous.
Dental implants represent one of the most successful treatment modalities in dentistry.
However, failures do occur in the range from 5 to 8% for routine procedures and up to 20% in major grafting cases after at least 5 years of function . The majority of implant losses may be explained as biomechanically induced failures, since low primary implant stability, low bone density, short implants and overload have been identified as risk factors . Hence, achievement and maintenance of implant stability are pre-conditions for a successful clinical outcome with dental implants.
The review focuses on different methods used to assess implant stability and recent advances in this field
Over time, progressively shorter implants have been placed such that short implants are now available that are less than 6 mm in length. The viability and high success rates seen with short implants can be explained by osseointegration, the macro geometric design of the implant, as well as physics and the distribution of forces. This paper was aimed to review the stability and survival rate of short implants under functional loads. Numerical and clinical studies were reviewed. Keywords: Short dental implants, sinus augmentation, factors affecting bone regeneration in dental implantology
Porcelain laminate veneers are among the most esthetic means of creating a more pleasing and beautiful smile. Porcelain veneers within reason allow for the alteration of tooth position, shape, size and color. They require a minimal amount of tooth preparation, approximately 0.5 mm to 0.7mm of surface enamel reduction. This study describes the use of ceramic veneers without tooth wear, reinforcing the concept that minimally invasive porcelain laminate veneers could become versatile and conservative allies in the fi eld of esthetic dentistry. Keywords: Ceramics, dentin-bonding agents, esthetics
Immediate Restoration of Single Implants Replacing Lateral Incisor Compromis...Abu-Hussein Muhamad
Today, the diagnosis of internal root resorption is significantly improved by the three-dimensional imaging. Furthermore, the CBCT’s superior diagnosis accuracy resulted in an improved management of the resorptive defects and a better outcome of Implant therapy of teeth with internal resorption.Implant has become a wide option to maintain periodontal architecture. Diagnosis and treatment planning is the key factors in achieving the successful outcomes after placing and restoring implants placed immediately after tooth extraction. The purpose of this clinical update is to report on the success and survival of Immediate restoration of single implants replacing right lateral incisor compromised by internal resorption.
Immediate Implant Placement And Restoration With Natural Tooth In The Maxilla...Abu-Hussein Muhamad
Anterior tooth loss and restoration in the esthetic zone is a common challenge in dentistry today. The prominent visibility of the area can be especially distressing to the patient and requires a timely and esthetically pleasing solution. Immediate single-tooth implantation followed by immediate provisionalization is becoming an increasingly desirable treatment that offers numerous benefits over conventional delayed loading. Provisionalization for immediately-placed implants using the patient’s existing tooth can enhance the final aesthetic outcome if certain steps are
followed. If the natural tooth is intact and can be used as a provisional, the emergence profile can be very similar to the preoperative condition. This article outlines a technique to use the patient’s natural tooth after extraction to provisionalize an implant.
Clinical Management of Bilateral Impacted Maxillary CaninesAbu-Hussein Muhamad
Introduction: Impaction of maxillary canines is a frequently encountered clinical problem in orthodontic therapy. When a preventive
approach fails, treatment involves surgical exposure of the impacted tooth, followed by orthodontic traction to guide and align it into the
dental arch. The aim of the present report was to demonstrate by case reports of an adult patient with bilateral impacted maxillary canines
treated with surgical exposure and orthodontic treatment.
Material and Methods: A 15year-old female with various degrees of bilateral palatal impaction of maxillary canines were managed
by the described technique.
Results and Discussion: Autonomous eruption of the impacted canines after surgical uncovering was witnessed in all patients
without the need for application of a vertical orthodontic force for their extrusion.
Conclusion: The described method of surgical uncovering and autonomous eruption created conditions for biological eruption of the
palatally impacted canines into the oral cavity and facilitated considerably the subsequent orthodontic treatment for their proper alignment
in the dental arch.
Keywords: Impacted canines; Surgical; Tooth exposure; Orthodontic treatment
“One-Piece” Immediate-Load Post-Extraction Implant In Maxillary Central IncisorAbu-Hussein Muhamad
Abstract: This case report describes extraction of a fractured left maxillary central incisor tooth, followed by immediate placement of an one-piece implant in the prepared socket and temporization by a bonded restoration.
Materials And Methods: The tooth was extracted with minimal hard and soft tissue trauma and without flap reflection. The socket was prepared to the required depth and a Implant was inserted.
Results: The atraumatic operating technique and the immediate insertion of the one-piece Implant resulted in the preservation of the hard and soft tissues at the extraction site.
Conclusion: The “One-piece” dental implant and provisional restoration provided the patient with immediate esthetics, function, comfort and most importantly preservation of tissues. The one-piece implant design resulted in a high cumulative implant survival rate and beneficial marginal bone levels.
Single Visit Replacement of Central Maxillary Using Fiber-Reinforced Composi...Abu-Hussein Muhamad
Fiber reinforced composites are high strength filling materials composed of conventional composites and glass fibres. They exhibit extensive applications in different fields of dentistry. This clinical report present a case where FRC technology was successfully used to restore central maxillary incisor edentulous area in terms of esthetic-cosmetic values and functionality.
Zirconium Dental Implants And Crown for Congenitally Missing Maxillary Latera...Abu-Hussein Muhamad
Zirconia implants were familiarized into dental implantology. Zirconia appears
to be an appropriate implant material due to its low plaque affinity, tooth like color, biocompatibility and mechanical properties. The following a case presentations will show how the acid-etched zirconia Implant can be used to functionally and aesthetically replace congenitally missing left lateral incisor tooth germ in the maxilla, and achieve optimal soft tissues and health.
These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Ve...kevinkariuki227
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar leads (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility...Sujoy Dasgupta
Dr Sujoy Dasgupta presented the study on "Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility? – The unexplored stories of non-consummation" in the 13th Congress of the Asia Pacific Initiative on Reproduction (ASPIRE 2024) at Manila on 24 May, 2024.
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/lK81BzxMqdo
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/Ve4P0COk9OI
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
Pulmonary Thromboembolism - etilogy, types, medical- Surgical and nursing man...VarunMahajani
Disruption of blood supply to lung alveoli due to blockage of one or more pulmonary blood vessels is called as Pulmonary thromboembolism. In this presentation we will discuss its causes, types and its management in depth.
Explore natural remedies for syphilis treatment in Singapore. Discover alternative therapies, herbal remedies, and lifestyle changes that may complement conventional treatments. Learn about holistic approaches to managing syphilis symptoms and supporting overall health.
Report Back from SGO 2024: What’s the Latest in Cervical Cancer?bkling
Are you curious about what’s new in cervical cancer research or unsure what the findings mean? Join Dr. Emily Ko, a gynecologic oncologist at Penn Medicine, to learn about the latest updates from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2024 Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Dr. Ko will discuss what the research presented at the conference means for you and answer your questions about the new developments.
Prix Galien International 2024 Forum ProgramLevi Shapiro
June 20, 2024, Prix Galien International and Jerusalem Ethics Forum in ROME. Detailed agenda including panels:
- ADVANCES IN CARDIOLOGY: A NEW PARADIGM IS COMING
- WOMEN’S HEALTH: FERTILITY PRESERVATION
- WHAT’S NEW IN THE TREATMENT OF INFECTIOUS,
ONCOLOGICAL AND INFLAMMATORY SKIN DISEASES?
- ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ETHICS
- GENE THERAPY
- BEYOND BORDERS: GLOBAL INITIATIVES FOR DEMOCRATIZING LIFE SCIENCE TECHNOLOGIES AND PROMOTING ACCESS TO HEALTHCARE
- ETHICAL CHALLENGES IN LIFE SCIENCES
- Prix Galien International Awards Ceremony
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Nonsyndromic Oligodontia in Permanent Dentition: Three Rare Cases
1. IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences (IOSR-JDMS)
e-ISSN: 2279-0853, p-ISSN: 2279-0861.Volume 14, Issue 12 Ver. II (Dec. 2015), PP 79-83
www.iosrjournals.org
DOI: 10.9790/0853-141227983 www.iosrjournals.org 79 | Page
Nonsyndromic Oligodontia in Permanent Dentition: Three Rare
Cases
Muhamad Abu-Hussein* , Nezar Watted **, Edlira Zere***
*Department of Pediatric Dentistry, University of Athens, Greece
** Clinics and Policlinics for Dental, Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases of the Bavarian Julius-Maximilian-
University, Wuerzburg, Germany and Arab American University, Palestine
***Orthodontic and Craniofacial Department, School of Graduate Dentistry, Rambam Health Care Campus,
Haifa, Israel
Abstract: Oligodontia is the congenital absence of six or more than six teeth in either permanent or primary
dentition. Because of the missing teeth in these patients esthetic, functional and psychological problems may
arise. This article reports a three rare cases of non-syndromic oligodontia.
Key words: oligodontia, hypodontia, severe partial anodontia
Corresponding Author;
Dr.Abu-Hussein Muhamad
DDS,MScD,MSc,DPD,FICD
123Argus Street,
10441 Athens, Greece
I. Introduction
Dental agenesis is the most common developmental anomaly in humans, often presenting a significant
clinical problem. It is classified according to the number of missing permanent teeth excluding the third molars.
Hypodontia is used to describe the absence of one or few teeth, Oligodontia is used for agenesis of numerous
teeth (more than six teeth) excluding the third molars and anodontia is the extreme of oligodontia where there is
total absence of any dental structure.[1] Oligodontia is also known as partial anodontia, severe or advance
anodontia.
Some of them also refer this as selective tooth agenesis. According to different authors, the frequency
of hypodontia is 1- 10% and oligodontia 0.1-0.9%.
Anodontia occurs very rarely (17 cases were described over the last 50 years).
Oligodontia may occur as a part of a genetic syndrome, as a non syndromic isolated familial trait, as an
infrequent finding or as an isolated condition that has been linked to mutations of the MSX1andm PAX9.[
3,4,5]
The third molar (M3) represents the tooth most affected with agenesis2, 3, having a prevalence rate of
20.7%2. In contrast, permanent second molar (M2) agenesis is a rare occurrence, found in only 2 of 6,000
consecutive orthodontic patients (0.03%)[6]. Excluding the third molars, the prevalence rate of tooth agenesis is
reported as 4.3 to 7.8%4, [6]. The mandibular second premolar (MnP2) is the tooth most often absent, with a
relative frequency of 2.2 to 4.1%4, 5. In fact, the MnP2 is highly variable developmentally. Besides the high
prevalence of agenesis, the MnP2 often shows significantly retarded development, especially when there is
agenesis of other permanent teeth[6]. Despite the fact that the mean initial calcification age for MnP2 is 3 years
(varying from 2y3m to3y7m)[7], its development can be suppressed until 6 years[8], and some published reports
show radiographic appearance of the MnP2 after the age of 9 and even at 13 years old[9, 10]. In addition, the
MnP2 accounts for approximately 24% of all impacted teeth, excluding the third molars[11]. The most frequent
malposition reported for the unerupted MnP2 is distoangular development, with a prevalence rate of 0.2% in
dental clinic patients[12]. This malposition was found to be associated with agenesis of the contralateral MnP2
.[11,12]
Molecular studies have revealed that the instructive and permissive tissue interactions during mouse
tooth development described above are mainly mediated by growth factor signalling. Development from
initiation to eruption is governed by a sequential and reciprocal signalling process rather than simple one-way
messages. The signalling involves all major signalling pathways, including transforming growth factor b
(TGFb), fibroblast growth factor (FGF), sonic heghehog (Shh), anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (Eda), and
epidermal growth factor (EGF) signalling, and studies with mouse mutants have shown that they are needed
simultaneously during critical stages of development.[9]
2. Nonsyndromic Oligodontia in Permanent Dentition: Three Rare Cases
DOI: 10.9790/0853-141227983 www.iosrjournals.org 80 | Page
Msx1 and Pax9 are transcription factors intimately involved in the genetic networks regulating tooth
development. Msx1 contains a homeobox which binds to specific target sequences in the DNA but is also
capable to proteins interaction. Msx1 has often been considered rather as a repressor than activator of gene
expression. Pax9 belongs to the paired-box containing transcription factor family, and is one of the earliest
mesenchymal markers of the future tooth forming positions in mouse. Pax9 is regulated by epithelial signals,
especially FGF8, and it apparently regulates reciprocal signalling from the mesenchyme. In mice with
hypomorphic Pax9 mutations, a partial failure of tooth development was observed, affecting in a dose-
dependent manner the third molars and incisors and to a smaller extent the other molars. The ameloblast
differentiation and dentinogenesis were also affected. [8,9,10]
It has been suggested that the key role of Msx1 and Pax9 is to facilitate the bud to cap stage transition.
There is signals emanating from the epithelium and mesenchymal during tooth development and molecular
regulation . Mesenchymal Msx1 expression is initially activated by the epithelial bone morphogenetic protein 4
(BMP4) signal, and needed for a reciprocal BMP4 signal from the mesenchyme. BMP4 and Msx1 thus form an
autoregulatory loop. BMP4 signal to the epithelium is crucial for the formation of the epithelial signalling
centre, the enamel knot, and the arrest of the development in Msx1 null mutant teeth can be rescued by external
BMP4 or transgenically activated BMP4 expression. The expression of Pax9 is apparently needed to maintain
and, by the synergism with Msx1, to enhance this loop and also needed later in tooth development.[8,9,11,12]
This article aims. In this report, is to demonstrate the isolated hypodontia that paternally exists in three
siblings. The diagnosis of hypodontia should be performed as early as possible in order to prevent aesthetic and
functional problems in dentition.
II. Case Reports:
Case report; 1
A 13-year-old female patient patient reported to my private Pediatric Dental Clinics reporting absence
of some teeth. Through a digital panoramic radiograph the existence of multiple agenesis of permanent dentition
was revealed. In the radiograph agenesis of tooth 15, 25,34, 35, 44,45 (Fig. 1 ) was identified, with a small
dimension of maxilla. Also, a slight condylar asymmetry with a small size and a slight stylohyoid ligament
ossification was noted in the left side. After this, a foot radiograph was taken to determine if the condition had a
relation with an osteopetrosis; however, normal findings were noted. During anamnesis the patient reported she
had no trauma history, previous tooth extraction, orthodontic treatment or complications during pregnancy or
birth. The patient´s mother informed that there was no history of syndromic or systemic disease.
At general examination no alterations or systemic diseases were identified, with facial symmetry, no palpable
lymph nodes and both jaws were normal.
Clinically, in the intraoral examination no caries and the absence of the same teeth were observed with
tooth rotation of 13, 23 and 43. No presence of periodontal disease was noted.
Fig: 1. Orthopantomogram of the patient Case 1
The patient was examined to rule out syndromes associated with oligodontia. She was normal in his
facial appearance and did not show any physical or skeletal abnormality. Radiological examinations of the
clavicles, vertebral skeleton, skull and chest were found to be normal.
Ophthalmological and neurological examination of the patient revealed no pathological symptoms and
showed no signs of mental retardation. Hematological and biochemical findings were within the normal limits.
Case report; 2
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DOI: 10.9790/0853-141227983 www.iosrjournals.org 81 | Page
An 8-year-old girl reported to the to my private Pediatric Dental Clinics the chief complaint of mis-
sing lower front teeth. The parents had observed this condition since early childhood but did not seek any dental
consultation, and there was no history of any previous trauma or extraction. Past medical and family histories
were
Fig.2 - Orthopantomograph of the patient case2
Noncontributory. On extraoral examination a well balanced face, with an apparent eye defect and a
convex facial profile was observed. Intraoral examination revealed (i) mixed dentition stage, with (ii) mesial
step molar relationship, (iii) root stumps of 52, 61, 62, 73, 84, (iv) missing 41, 45, 31, 33 and (v) multiple
carious teeth . The alveolar ridge in the mandibular anterior region was typically knife edged , suggesting
absence of mandibular anterior teeth. To ascertain the provisional diagnosis, an orthopantomograph was advised
and revealed no evidence of development of 31, 32, 33, 41, 42, 45 (Figure 2). Parents were informed about the
agenesis of six mandibular permanent teeth.
Case report; 3
A 13 year old boy reported to the my private Pediatric Dental Clinics for a routine dental check-up.
His past medical history was non-contributory and family history revealed that he was born to non-
consanguineous marriage with normal delivery and no one in his family have congenitally missing teeth. The
patient had no history of trauma or extractions. Extra oral examination revealed a face with normal facial profile
and normal skeletal dental base relations . During clinical examination, maxillary central incisors were conical
in shape along with bilateral peg shaped maxillary lateral incisors. The deciduous right mandibular central
incisor and maxillary canines, first and second molars were retained and permanent mandibular incisors
weremissing. Radiographically, in Orthopentomogram (OPG) all four permanent second molars and permanent
mandibular central and lateral incisors were missing (fig 3).
Fig.3 - Orthopantomograph of the patient case3
III. Discussion
Congenitally missing if it has not erupted in the oral cavity and is not visible in a radiography. In
general hypodontia is the term most frequently used when describing the phenomenon of congenitally missing
4. Nonsyndromic Oligodontia in Permanent Dentition: Three Rare Cases
DOI: 10.9790/0853-141227983 www.iosrjournals.org 82 | Page
teeth. Hypodontia is an anomaly that may result in dental malpositioning, periodontal damage, lack of
development of maxillary and mandibular bone height and has significant psychological, aesthetic and
functional consequences. Hypodontia and oligodontia are classified as isolated or non-syndromic, where as
hypodontia/oligodontia and syndromic.[1,6]
The prevalence of permanent tooth agenesis ranges between 1.6% and 9.6%, and the
prevalence of deciduous tooth agenesis is lower, ranging between 0.5 % and 0.9 %[6]. The biologic basis for
the congenital absence of permanent teeth is partially explained by the failure of the lingual or distal
proliferation of the tooth bud cells from the dental lamina. The causes of hypodontia are attributed to
environmental factors such as irradiation, tumours, trauma, hormonal influences, rubella, and thalidomide or to
hereditary genetic dominant factors, or to both. Familial tooth agenesis is transmitted as an autosomal dominant,
recessive, or X-linked condition. Affected members within a family often exhibit significant variability with
regard to the location, symmetry and number of teeth involved. Residual teeth can vary in their size, shape or
rate of development and the permanent dentition is more affected than the primary dentition.[7]
Oligodontia can be found as an isolated nonsyndromic trait or as a part of a syndrome, such as,
ectodermal dysplasia, Down syndrome, incontinentiapigmentii and rieger syndrome. Mutation in the
transcription factor MSX1 and PAX9 have been identified in families. The factors were demonstrated to be
associated with isolated non-syndromicoligodontia. Recent studies have shown that mutation in EDA gene
could result in non- syndromicoligodontia [13].These isolated forms may be sporadic or familial. Familial tooth
agenesis can be result of single dominant gene defect, a recessive or X-linked [8,9] .
Grahnen has suggested that tooth agenesis is typically transmitted as an autosomal dominant trait with
incomplete penetrance and variable expressivity[14]. In his sample the penetrance was higher when the proband
of the family had more than 6 missing teeth .[9]
Congenital agenesis of teeth can create dental and facial disfigurement, which can lead to social
withdrawal, especially in adolescent years. Treatment in all the presented three cases includes multidisciplinary
team approach of pedodontists, orthodontists, oral and maxillofacial surgeons, and prosthodontists to restore
aesthetics, functional, and psychological reasons depending on the severity of the condition and patient’s
perceived need for care. Factors to be taken into account before treatment planning includes age of the patient,
number and condition of retained teeth, number of missing teeth, condition of supporting tissues, the occlusion,
and the interocclusal space.[1,6]
Oligodontia condition should not be neglected as it may result in various disturbances like abnormal
occlusion, altered facial appearance which may cause psychological distress, difficulty in mastication and
speech. Treatment depends on extent of hypodontia and should consist of interdisciplinary approach. Therefore
early diagnosis is important in such conditions. Case o ftooth agenesis should be recorded with complete clinical
history including medical and radiological investigations to rule out any syndrome .[15]
In the cases studies the remaining teeth were carious, had malposition, polidiestema and malformation.
No definite etiologic relationship has been found between hypodontia and systemic diseases or endocrine
disturbances
Oligodontia is frequent finding in many syndromes, but in this caseS it was not associated with any
syndrome which is a rare finding. So as an oral physician if we come across any case having multiple congenital
missing teeth it may not be always associated with multiple other abnormalities as seen in syndromes.
Patient suffering from oligodontia may have severe psychological, esthetic, functional problems and
early diagnosis and treatment is very important. Treatment approach has to case specific and depends on
condition of primary predecessor, number of missing teeth, status of occlusion and patient and parent’s
preferences. Options include orthodontic therapy, implants, removal partial prosthesis, fixed prosthesis, over
dentures and indicated depending on the type of condition. Treatment not only improves speech and chewing
function but also has psychological implications that may greatly help in regaining the self-confidence[16].
IV. Conclusion
The concept of early diagnosis of these patients becomes more important. When a case of tooth
agenesis is seen, the presence of the anomaly should be recorded with a complete clinical history including
panoramic radiograms and models, for proper phenotype characterization prior to any surgical or orthodontic
treatment.There are a number of options available to restore spac generated by missing teeth. Dental treatment
can vary depending on the severity of the disease and generally requires a multidisciplinary approach.
Treatment options include orthodontic therapy, implants, adhesive techniques, removable partial
prostheses, fixed prostheses and over dentures and they are indicated depending on the type of condition. Most
cases require the construction of a partial denture as an intermediate procedure before fixed prostheses are
constructed. Treatment not only improves speech and chewing function but also has psychological implications
that may greatly help in regaining self-confidence.
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DOI: 10.9790/0853-141227983 www.iosrjournals.org 83 | Page
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