The document discusses preparation for the NIPER entrance exam. It provides an overview of the National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), details on the exam structure and syllabus. Key points:
- NIPER is an institute of national importance for higher education and research in pharmaceutical sciences. It offers M.Pharm, M.Tech, M.S and PhD programs.
- The entrance exam has 200 questions in 2 hours, covering subjects like chemistry, pharmacology, biotechnology, and pharmaceutical analysis. Time management is important.
- The expected syllabus is outlined for topics within organic chemistry, natural products, pharmacology, pharmaceutics, and other subjects.
-
This PPT lists topics which are important from revision, knowledge and competitive examination point of view like GPAT, NIPER, Drug Inspector entrance test. This PPT is also useful for preparation of B. Pharm., M. Pharm. theory examination, Viva voce and for preparation of interview for pharma industries and for all those fraternity members who want to know topics for brushing up of their knowledge.
This document provides an orientation on the Graduate Pharmacy Aptitude Test (GPAT) by Prof. Payal H. Patil. Some key points covered include:
- GPAT is important for admission to M.Pharm and M.Tech master's programs. Only final year and completed B.Pharm students are eligible.
- The exam is online, multiple choice, lasts 3 hours with negative marking for wrong answers. Scores are valid for one year.
- The document offers tips on how to start preparing such as referring to the syllabus, practice problems, and getting expert guidance. Subjects to focus on include Pharmaceutics, Pharmacology, Medicinal Chemistry, and Pharmaceutical Analysis
This document provides a preparation strategy for the Graduate Pharmacy Aptitude Test (GPAT) exam. The GPAT is important for obtaining admission to master's programs in pharmacy at top Indian universities and for high-paying jobs after completing a Bachelor of Pharmacy degree. To qualify for the GPAT, students must score between 110-135 marks out of 500 by correctly answering 35-50 of the 125 multiple choice questions within the 3 hour time limit. The document recommends focusing first on major subjects like pharmaceutics, pharmacology, medicinal chemistry, pharmaceutical analysis, and pharmacognosy. It provides a list of important books to study different subjects and emphasizes creating a preparation plan with weekly, monthly and yearly goals to be
Strategy for Preparation of GPAT
How to Start?
What to Refer?
Preparation of Pharmacology for GPAT
Understanding the Bonding between Subjects
What points to cover?
Points of Remembrance…
GPAT 2020 is a national level online exam that serves as a portal for admission to M Pharm programs. Candidates need to prepare thoroughly by studying all topics from their B Pharm course, focusing on chapters that are frequently tested like Pharmacology. Preparation should include techniques like solving previous papers and mock tests. The exam tests knowledge across 5 sections - Pharmaceutical Analysis, Chemistry, Pharmacognosy, Pharmacology, and Pharmaceutics. Candidates are advised to study important topics within each section, practice numerical problems, and use recommended books to effectively prepare for GPAT 2020.
Ideas for pharmacy students on final year project : Possible Research FieldsTareq ✅
This document provides ideas for pharmacy students' final year projects. It outlines four main research fields: pharmacy practice, pharmaceutics, chemistry, and pharmacognosy. Some potential project topics include surveys of new drugs, formulation of different dosage forms, synthesis of new medicinal drugs, and bioassays of plant extracts for biological activities. The document was prepared by Tareq Tareq, a B.Pharm student at the International Islamic University Chittagong in Bangladesh.
This document provides an introduction to pharmacology presented by Dr. Pravin Prasad to BNS 1st year students. It defines clinical pharmacology and pharmacology, discusses major areas of pharmacology including medical pharmacology and toxicology. It also covers key terminology used in pharmacology like pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and pharmacotherapeutics. Additionally, it discusses different drug nomenclature systems including chemical names, non-proprietary names, proprietary names, and code names. The document aims to familiarize students with basic concepts and terminology in pharmacology.
This PPT lists topics which are important from revision, knowledge and competitive examination point of view like GPAT, NIPER, Drug Inspector entrance test. This PPT is also useful for preparation of B. Pharm., M. Pharm. theory examination, Viva voce and for preparation of interview for pharma industries and for all those fraternity members who want to know topics for brushing up of their knowledge.
This document provides an orientation on the Graduate Pharmacy Aptitude Test (GPAT) by Prof. Payal H. Patil. Some key points covered include:
- GPAT is important for admission to M.Pharm and M.Tech master's programs. Only final year and completed B.Pharm students are eligible.
- The exam is online, multiple choice, lasts 3 hours with negative marking for wrong answers. Scores are valid for one year.
- The document offers tips on how to start preparing such as referring to the syllabus, practice problems, and getting expert guidance. Subjects to focus on include Pharmaceutics, Pharmacology, Medicinal Chemistry, and Pharmaceutical Analysis
This document provides a preparation strategy for the Graduate Pharmacy Aptitude Test (GPAT) exam. The GPAT is important for obtaining admission to master's programs in pharmacy at top Indian universities and for high-paying jobs after completing a Bachelor of Pharmacy degree. To qualify for the GPAT, students must score between 110-135 marks out of 500 by correctly answering 35-50 of the 125 multiple choice questions within the 3 hour time limit. The document recommends focusing first on major subjects like pharmaceutics, pharmacology, medicinal chemistry, pharmaceutical analysis, and pharmacognosy. It provides a list of important books to study different subjects and emphasizes creating a preparation plan with weekly, monthly and yearly goals to be
Strategy for Preparation of GPAT
How to Start?
What to Refer?
Preparation of Pharmacology for GPAT
Understanding the Bonding between Subjects
What points to cover?
Points of Remembrance…
GPAT 2020 is a national level online exam that serves as a portal for admission to M Pharm programs. Candidates need to prepare thoroughly by studying all topics from their B Pharm course, focusing on chapters that are frequently tested like Pharmacology. Preparation should include techniques like solving previous papers and mock tests. The exam tests knowledge across 5 sections - Pharmaceutical Analysis, Chemistry, Pharmacognosy, Pharmacology, and Pharmaceutics. Candidates are advised to study important topics within each section, practice numerical problems, and use recommended books to effectively prepare for GPAT 2020.
Ideas for pharmacy students on final year project : Possible Research FieldsTareq ✅
This document provides ideas for pharmacy students' final year projects. It outlines four main research fields: pharmacy practice, pharmaceutics, chemistry, and pharmacognosy. Some potential project topics include surveys of new drugs, formulation of different dosage forms, synthesis of new medicinal drugs, and bioassays of plant extracts for biological activities. The document was prepared by Tareq Tareq, a B.Pharm student at the International Islamic University Chittagong in Bangladesh.
This document provides an introduction to pharmacology presented by Dr. Pravin Prasad to BNS 1st year students. It defines clinical pharmacology and pharmacology, discusses major areas of pharmacology including medical pharmacology and toxicology. It also covers key terminology used in pharmacology like pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and pharmacotherapeutics. Additionally, it discusses different drug nomenclature systems including chemical names, non-proprietary names, proprietary names, and code names. The document aims to familiarize students with basic concepts and terminology in pharmacology.
The document outlines competencies and performance indicators for 11 program outcomes for a B. Pharm program as per PCI syllabus. It provides examples of courses, topics, and practicals that assess each program outcome. For each program outcome, it lists the relevant competency achieved, performance indicators to demonstrate that competency, and examples of assessments. It concludes by providing sample questions that could be used to assess understanding for each program outcome.
This document outlines the course outcomes for various subjects across semesters of the B. Pharm. (PCI) syllabus at New Delhi. It lists the course outcomes for subjects like Human Anatomy and Physiology, Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Biochemistry, Pathophysiology, Medicinal Chemistry, Physical Pharmaceutics, Pharmacology, Pharmacognosy, Herbal Drug Technology, Biopharmaceutics, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Quality Assurance across even semesters II, IV, VI and VIII. It also provides details of supportive staff for the course and concludes by stating that the next presentation will cover outcomes for odd semesters and framing of continuous assessment and practical internal exams.
This document outlines key concepts in pharmacoepidemiology study designs. It discusses the scientific method and different types of epidemiologic study designs including descriptive studies, analytical studies, case reports, case series, ecological studies, cross-sectional studies, case-control studies, and cohort studies. It emphasizes that randomized controlled trials provide the strongest evidence while case reports and ecological studies provide the weakest evidence.
The document discusses lead identification in drug development. It defines a lead compound as one that shows desired pharmaceutical activity and could potentially be developed into a drug. The document outlines the content to be presented, including an introduction to lead identification, what a lead is, properties of leads, and methods for identifying leads. Key methods discussed are random screening, non-random screening, high-throughput screening, and structure-based drug design.
This document discusses drug expiry dates and the issues with using expired drugs. It defines a drug expiry date as the date established by the manufacturer beyond which the potency, purity, and effectiveness of the drug is no longer guaranteed. Using expired drugs carries risks to safety and efficacy as drugs can lose potency over time or degrade into toxic compounds. Certain drugs like narrow therapeutic index drugs or those that degrade quickly should never be used past their expiry date. Improper disposal of expired drugs can lead to environmental contamination, misuse, or accidental poisoning. The document recommends proper disposal methods and strategies to minimize drug expiry such as effective drug management and return programs.
This document discusses the process of finding a lead compound in drug discovery. It describes the key steps as: 1) Choosing the disease to target. Factors like prevalence and market size are considered. 2) Choosing a drug target like a receptor or enzyme involved in the disease. Specificity and selectivity are important. 3) Identifying a bioassay or test to evaluate compounds, including in vitro and in vivo tests. High throughput screening allows testing many compounds quickly. 4) Finding a lead compound through various methods like screening natural products, existing drugs, combinatorial libraries, or computer-aided design. The goal is to discover compounds with the desired activity to use as a starting point for drug development.
This document discusses pharmacotherapy and rational drug use. It explains that pharmacotherapy aims to safely and effectively manage drug administration based on an understanding of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics to optimize dosing for each patient. Rational drug use requires that patients receive appropriate medications, doses, treatment duration and lowest cost. Irrational drug use can result in treatment failure, increased toxicity and drug resistance. The document outlines various factors that influence drug use and can lead to irrational prescribing, dispensing and non-adherence.
Drug design is the inventive process of finding new medications based on the knowledge of the biological target.
In the most basic sense, drug design involves design of small molecules that are complementary in shape and charge to the bio-molecular target to which they interact and therefore will bind to it.
Drug design frequently but not necessarily relies on computer modeling techniques. This type of modeling is often referred to as computer-aided drug design.
Types;-
Random screening
Trial and error method
Ethnopharmacology approach
Serendipity method
Classical pharmacology
Chemical structure based drug discovery
This document discusses fixed dose drug combinations (FDDCs), including their definitions, types, rationality, advantages, and disadvantages. It defines FDDCs as combinations of two or more active pharmaceutical ingredients formulated as a single medicine. FDDCs can be rational if they have complementary mechanisms of action, decrease resistance, and increase efficacy and compliance while decreasing adverse effects. However, irrational FDDCs lack pharmacological justification and may increase side effects and costs without additional benefit. The document also notes issues with overpromotion of irrational FDDCs in India and efforts to better regulate these combinations.
Ch 1 what is pharmacoepidemiology lec bmeskel for uo g sop pscm yi jan 30 2021University of Gondar
This document outlines the objectives and topics covered in a course on fundamentals of pharmacoepidemiology. The course aims to describe concepts such as study designs, measures of risk, data sources and more. It will also cover systematic reviews and meta-analysis. The document provides definitions of pharmacoepidemiology and discusses its relationship to other fields. It also summarizes reasons for conducting pharmacoepidemiological studies such as fulfilling regulatory requirements, assisting drug approval and marketing, and addressing legal or clinical questions.
LEAD IDENTIFICATION BY SUHAS PATIL (S.K.)suhaspatil114
This document provides an overview of lead identification in drug discovery. It discusses various methods for identifying lead compounds, including combinatorial chemistry, high-throughput screening, and in silico lead discovery techniques. Combinatorial chemistry allows for the rapid production and screening of large compound libraries. High-throughput screening assays test large numbers of compounds against biological targets using automated technologies. In silico methods like molecular docking use computer simulations to predict how compounds may bind and interact with targets. The goal is to find initial "hit" compounds that can then be optimized into drug candidates.
This document outlines the key steps involved in the drug discovery process:
1. Target identification involves identifying protein targets through methods like sequence analysis and cDNA library generation.
2. Target validation confirms the drug will affect the specific target through techniques like chemogenomics and target gene disruption.
3. Lead identification screens compound libraries to find leads that are potent against the target using assays.
4. Lead optimization refines the leads using computer-aided drug design and de novo drug design.
5. Preclinical pharmacology involves testing the drugs on lab animals, human cells, and clinical trials with government approval.
The document discusses proper disposal of unused and expired household medications. It notes that improper disposal can lead to childhood poisoning, environmental pollution, impacts on wildlife, and antibiotic resistance. The main reasons people have unused medications are lack of adherence to treatment, storing for future use until expiration, changing treatment plans, obtaining medications from multiple sources, and patient death. Proper disposal through take-back programs protects people and the environment by preventing poisoning, misuse, accidental overdose, and water pollution. Regulations and guidelines around medication disposal vary by country.
Drug discovery and development is a long, expensive, and complex process that takes an average of 10-12 years and $800 million to $1.7 billion. It involves identifying candidate drugs through methods like molecular designing, screening, and serendipity. Only one in 5000 compounds makes it through preclinical and clinical testing to be approved. The process includes target selection and validation, lead discovery and optimization, and drug development to satisfy regulatory requirements before a new drug can be approved and marketed.
The document discusses principles of pharmacology relevant to nursing care. It describes the nursing process as being used to administer medications by assessing patients, identifying any drug-related nursing diagnoses, planning goals and evaluating outcomes. Key pharmacology concepts are explained, including the five phases of pharmacokinetics and mechanisms of pharmacodynamics.
Essential drug concept and rational use of medicinesPravin Prasad
The document discusses the concept of essential medicines and rational use of medicines. It defines essential medicines as those that satisfy the priority healthcare needs of the population based on criteria such as public health relevance, efficacy, safety and cost-effectiveness. Rational use requires patients receive appropriate medications for an adequate time at lowest cost. Irrational use can lead to ineffective and unsafe treatment, increased morbidity and mortality, and unnecessary costs. Strategies to promote rational use include education and training of healthcare providers, use of treatment guidelines, and ensuring availability of essential medicines.
This document provides definitions and classifications of adverse drug reactions (ADRs). It defines key terms like adverse event, adverse drug reaction, and adverse drug event. It then discusses various classification schemes for ADRs based on factors like onset, type of reaction, severity, and more. Different types of ADRs are explained like Type A, B, C reactions as well as side effects, drug dependence, withdrawal reactions and more, along with examples. Overall, the document provides a comprehensive overview of definitions and classifications related to ADRs.
This document provides an introduction to a clinical pharmacology course. It discusses the challenges doctors face with an increasing number of drugs and complex patient treatment regimens. It outlines the course objectives to produce competent prescribers and provide a framework for assimilating new drug information. The document also reviews the history and development of pharmacology as a scientific discipline and contrasts modern medicine's reliance on drugs compared to alternative therapeutic principles.
A pharmacologist has several key roles:
1. Medical education - Teaching undergraduate and postgraduate students about rational drug use, effects, toxicity, and interactions.
2. Research - Conducting both basic and clinical research, ensuring adherence to guidelines for clinical trials and ethical reviews.
3. Regulatory affairs - Involved in essential drug lists, national drug policy, and regulatory bodies like drug authorities.
This document discusses rational drug use and the role of pharmacists in promoting it. It defines rational drug use as using the appropriate drug, dose, and dosage form for the right patient at low cost. Irrational drug use can occur through incorrect diagnosis, prescription, or dispensing. Some common types of irrational prescription and dispensing are identified. Obstacles to rational drug use include financial incentives for over-prescribing and easy drug availability. Measures like education, regulation, and management can help promote rational use. Pharmacists can play a role by selecting essential drugs, maintaining good inventory, and advising patients.
This document outlines courses for the first two semesters of a Hospital Pharmacy program. Semester I includes courses in modern analytical techniques, pharmacotherapeutics, hospital and community pharmacy, manufacturing pharmacy, and a practical. Semester II includes courses in quality use of medicines, additional pharmacotherapeutics, pharmaceutical formulation and control, pharmacoepidemiology, economics, and another practical. It then provides more detailed descriptions of the objectives and content of courses in analytical techniques, pharmacotherapeutics I, and hospital and community pharmacy.
1) The document provides guidance on preparing for the NIPER JEE exam, noting that questions will be based on basic knowledge from organic chemistry, pharmacology, microbiology, and other subjects.
2) Specific topics highlighted for study include named organic reactions, IUPAC nomenclature, enzyme mechanisms, natural product extraction techniques, pharmacokinetics, and drug delivery systems.
3) References for further study are provided for each subject area, with textbooks like Rang & Dale, Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences, and Silverstein recommended.
The document outlines competencies and performance indicators for 11 program outcomes for a B. Pharm program as per PCI syllabus. It provides examples of courses, topics, and practicals that assess each program outcome. For each program outcome, it lists the relevant competency achieved, performance indicators to demonstrate that competency, and examples of assessments. It concludes by providing sample questions that could be used to assess understanding for each program outcome.
This document outlines the course outcomes for various subjects across semesters of the B. Pharm. (PCI) syllabus at New Delhi. It lists the course outcomes for subjects like Human Anatomy and Physiology, Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Biochemistry, Pathophysiology, Medicinal Chemistry, Physical Pharmaceutics, Pharmacology, Pharmacognosy, Herbal Drug Technology, Biopharmaceutics, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Quality Assurance across even semesters II, IV, VI and VIII. It also provides details of supportive staff for the course and concludes by stating that the next presentation will cover outcomes for odd semesters and framing of continuous assessment and practical internal exams.
This document outlines key concepts in pharmacoepidemiology study designs. It discusses the scientific method and different types of epidemiologic study designs including descriptive studies, analytical studies, case reports, case series, ecological studies, cross-sectional studies, case-control studies, and cohort studies. It emphasizes that randomized controlled trials provide the strongest evidence while case reports and ecological studies provide the weakest evidence.
The document discusses lead identification in drug development. It defines a lead compound as one that shows desired pharmaceutical activity and could potentially be developed into a drug. The document outlines the content to be presented, including an introduction to lead identification, what a lead is, properties of leads, and methods for identifying leads. Key methods discussed are random screening, non-random screening, high-throughput screening, and structure-based drug design.
This document discusses drug expiry dates and the issues with using expired drugs. It defines a drug expiry date as the date established by the manufacturer beyond which the potency, purity, and effectiveness of the drug is no longer guaranteed. Using expired drugs carries risks to safety and efficacy as drugs can lose potency over time or degrade into toxic compounds. Certain drugs like narrow therapeutic index drugs or those that degrade quickly should never be used past their expiry date. Improper disposal of expired drugs can lead to environmental contamination, misuse, or accidental poisoning. The document recommends proper disposal methods and strategies to minimize drug expiry such as effective drug management and return programs.
This document discusses the process of finding a lead compound in drug discovery. It describes the key steps as: 1) Choosing the disease to target. Factors like prevalence and market size are considered. 2) Choosing a drug target like a receptor or enzyme involved in the disease. Specificity and selectivity are important. 3) Identifying a bioassay or test to evaluate compounds, including in vitro and in vivo tests. High throughput screening allows testing many compounds quickly. 4) Finding a lead compound through various methods like screening natural products, existing drugs, combinatorial libraries, or computer-aided design. The goal is to discover compounds with the desired activity to use as a starting point for drug development.
This document discusses pharmacotherapy and rational drug use. It explains that pharmacotherapy aims to safely and effectively manage drug administration based on an understanding of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics to optimize dosing for each patient. Rational drug use requires that patients receive appropriate medications, doses, treatment duration and lowest cost. Irrational drug use can result in treatment failure, increased toxicity and drug resistance. The document outlines various factors that influence drug use and can lead to irrational prescribing, dispensing and non-adherence.
Drug design is the inventive process of finding new medications based on the knowledge of the biological target.
In the most basic sense, drug design involves design of small molecules that are complementary in shape and charge to the bio-molecular target to which they interact and therefore will bind to it.
Drug design frequently but not necessarily relies on computer modeling techniques. This type of modeling is often referred to as computer-aided drug design.
Types;-
Random screening
Trial and error method
Ethnopharmacology approach
Serendipity method
Classical pharmacology
Chemical structure based drug discovery
This document discusses fixed dose drug combinations (FDDCs), including their definitions, types, rationality, advantages, and disadvantages. It defines FDDCs as combinations of two or more active pharmaceutical ingredients formulated as a single medicine. FDDCs can be rational if they have complementary mechanisms of action, decrease resistance, and increase efficacy and compliance while decreasing adverse effects. However, irrational FDDCs lack pharmacological justification and may increase side effects and costs without additional benefit. The document also notes issues with overpromotion of irrational FDDCs in India and efforts to better regulate these combinations.
Ch 1 what is pharmacoepidemiology lec bmeskel for uo g sop pscm yi jan 30 2021University of Gondar
This document outlines the objectives and topics covered in a course on fundamentals of pharmacoepidemiology. The course aims to describe concepts such as study designs, measures of risk, data sources and more. It will also cover systematic reviews and meta-analysis. The document provides definitions of pharmacoepidemiology and discusses its relationship to other fields. It also summarizes reasons for conducting pharmacoepidemiological studies such as fulfilling regulatory requirements, assisting drug approval and marketing, and addressing legal or clinical questions.
LEAD IDENTIFICATION BY SUHAS PATIL (S.K.)suhaspatil114
This document provides an overview of lead identification in drug discovery. It discusses various methods for identifying lead compounds, including combinatorial chemistry, high-throughput screening, and in silico lead discovery techniques. Combinatorial chemistry allows for the rapid production and screening of large compound libraries. High-throughput screening assays test large numbers of compounds against biological targets using automated technologies. In silico methods like molecular docking use computer simulations to predict how compounds may bind and interact with targets. The goal is to find initial "hit" compounds that can then be optimized into drug candidates.
This document outlines the key steps involved in the drug discovery process:
1. Target identification involves identifying protein targets through methods like sequence analysis and cDNA library generation.
2. Target validation confirms the drug will affect the specific target through techniques like chemogenomics and target gene disruption.
3. Lead identification screens compound libraries to find leads that are potent against the target using assays.
4. Lead optimization refines the leads using computer-aided drug design and de novo drug design.
5. Preclinical pharmacology involves testing the drugs on lab animals, human cells, and clinical trials with government approval.
The document discusses proper disposal of unused and expired household medications. It notes that improper disposal can lead to childhood poisoning, environmental pollution, impacts on wildlife, and antibiotic resistance. The main reasons people have unused medications are lack of adherence to treatment, storing for future use until expiration, changing treatment plans, obtaining medications from multiple sources, and patient death. Proper disposal through take-back programs protects people and the environment by preventing poisoning, misuse, accidental overdose, and water pollution. Regulations and guidelines around medication disposal vary by country.
Drug discovery and development is a long, expensive, and complex process that takes an average of 10-12 years and $800 million to $1.7 billion. It involves identifying candidate drugs through methods like molecular designing, screening, and serendipity. Only one in 5000 compounds makes it through preclinical and clinical testing to be approved. The process includes target selection and validation, lead discovery and optimization, and drug development to satisfy regulatory requirements before a new drug can be approved and marketed.
The document discusses principles of pharmacology relevant to nursing care. It describes the nursing process as being used to administer medications by assessing patients, identifying any drug-related nursing diagnoses, planning goals and evaluating outcomes. Key pharmacology concepts are explained, including the five phases of pharmacokinetics and mechanisms of pharmacodynamics.
Essential drug concept and rational use of medicinesPravin Prasad
The document discusses the concept of essential medicines and rational use of medicines. It defines essential medicines as those that satisfy the priority healthcare needs of the population based on criteria such as public health relevance, efficacy, safety and cost-effectiveness. Rational use requires patients receive appropriate medications for an adequate time at lowest cost. Irrational use can lead to ineffective and unsafe treatment, increased morbidity and mortality, and unnecessary costs. Strategies to promote rational use include education and training of healthcare providers, use of treatment guidelines, and ensuring availability of essential medicines.
This document provides definitions and classifications of adverse drug reactions (ADRs). It defines key terms like adverse event, adverse drug reaction, and adverse drug event. It then discusses various classification schemes for ADRs based on factors like onset, type of reaction, severity, and more. Different types of ADRs are explained like Type A, B, C reactions as well as side effects, drug dependence, withdrawal reactions and more, along with examples. Overall, the document provides a comprehensive overview of definitions and classifications related to ADRs.
This document provides an introduction to a clinical pharmacology course. It discusses the challenges doctors face with an increasing number of drugs and complex patient treatment regimens. It outlines the course objectives to produce competent prescribers and provide a framework for assimilating new drug information. The document also reviews the history and development of pharmacology as a scientific discipline and contrasts modern medicine's reliance on drugs compared to alternative therapeutic principles.
A pharmacologist has several key roles:
1. Medical education - Teaching undergraduate and postgraduate students about rational drug use, effects, toxicity, and interactions.
2. Research - Conducting both basic and clinical research, ensuring adherence to guidelines for clinical trials and ethical reviews.
3. Regulatory affairs - Involved in essential drug lists, national drug policy, and regulatory bodies like drug authorities.
This document discusses rational drug use and the role of pharmacists in promoting it. It defines rational drug use as using the appropriate drug, dose, and dosage form for the right patient at low cost. Irrational drug use can occur through incorrect diagnosis, prescription, or dispensing. Some common types of irrational prescription and dispensing are identified. Obstacles to rational drug use include financial incentives for over-prescribing and easy drug availability. Measures like education, regulation, and management can help promote rational use. Pharmacists can play a role by selecting essential drugs, maintaining good inventory, and advising patients.
This document outlines courses for the first two semesters of a Hospital Pharmacy program. Semester I includes courses in modern analytical techniques, pharmacotherapeutics, hospital and community pharmacy, manufacturing pharmacy, and a practical. Semester II includes courses in quality use of medicines, additional pharmacotherapeutics, pharmaceutical formulation and control, pharmacoepidemiology, economics, and another practical. It then provides more detailed descriptions of the objectives and content of courses in analytical techniques, pharmacotherapeutics I, and hospital and community pharmacy.
1) The document provides guidance on preparing for the NIPER JEE exam, noting that questions will be based on basic knowledge from organic chemistry, pharmacology, microbiology, and other subjects.
2) Specific topics highlighted for study include named organic reactions, IUPAC nomenclature, enzyme mechanisms, natural product extraction techniques, pharmacokinetics, and drug delivery systems.
3) References for further study are provided for each subject area, with textbooks like Rang & Dale, Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences, and Silverstein recommended.
The document provides guidelines for a competency-based postgraduate training program for an MD in Pharmacology. It outlines three key areas of competency that students should acquire: 1) acquisition of knowledge regarding concepts, principles, and processes of pharmacology and therapeutics; 2) skills in teaching undergraduate students; and 3) abilities to conduct research from planning through publication. The guidelines describe specific learning objectives and competencies in cognitive, affective, and psychomotor domains that students are expected to gain in the areas of knowledge, teaching, and research over the course of the training program.
The document outlines the syllabus for a pharmacology course, including topics such as introduction to pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, prescription writing, autonomic nervous system, and sources of drug information. It defines key terms like pharmacology, drug, pharmacy, therapeutics, and discusses the various subdivisions of pharmacology like pharmacognosy, toxicology, and clinical pharmacology. It also lists some common reference books and different sources of drugs including minerals, animals, plants, microorganisms, and recombinant technology.
This document provides information about the General Pharmacology course offered at the University of Zambia School of Medicine. The course is intended to provide students with a solid foundation in fundamental pharmacology concepts. Over the 14-week course, students will learn about how drugs act on major organ systems of the body like the nervous, cardiovascular, and gastrointestinal systems. Assessment will include tests, assignments, lab reports, seminars, and a final exam worth 60% comprising two papers. Students must achieve a minimum of 85% attendance and are responsible for all material covered.
This document provides information about the Phytotherapeutics elective course offered at Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine. The course is offered in the fall and spring semesters for 2 hours per week over 14 weeks. It has a total workload of 120 hours and is worth 2 national credits (4 ECTS credits). The course aims to teach students about medicinal plants, their dosages, effects, safety, and regulations. It covers various body systems and herbs used to treat related disorders. Assessment includes class attendance, a midterm exam worth 50% of the grade, and a final exam worth 50% of the grade. The instructor is Prof. Dr. L. Ömür Demirezer and others
www.linkedin.com/in/dr-aboobecker-siddique-p-a-200783a0
General Pharmacology
Introduction to pharmacology
Definition of pharmacology and its subdivisions, Sources of drug info and category of info for each source, Sources of drugs and drug nomenclature.
Pharmaceutics
Routes, Factors determine selection of routes, advantages and disadvantages,of enteral, parenteral inhalational routes, and transdermal routes
Membrane transport mechanism, Bioavailability factors and definition, factors influencing drug distribution pattern, Biotransformation,-Definition, phases, sites, Factors affecting,
Drug elimination-Routes of excretion, factors affecting renal excretion, halflife definition and importance, dose response and steady state concentration
MO drug action, Factors that modify, drug interaction
Safety margin and drug toxicity 1h
TI, Untoward effects-predictable unpredictable and others, Principles of management of drug toxicity
definition
why study pharmacology
subdivision
clinical pharmacology
source of information of drugs
nomenclature of drugs
sources of drugs
Final course module for may 2010 pharmacology-iii - copy - copypctebpharm
This document provides information on the Pharmacology-III course for 7th semester B.Pharm students. The 40-lecture course covers drugs acting on the gastrointestinal tract, endocrine system, chemotherapy, and toxicology principles. Assessment includes assignments, presentations, tests, and exams. Students must maintain 75% attendance and follow instructions for assignments, presentations, and practicals to be eligible to appear for exams. The course aims to provide in-depth knowledge of drug pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, therapeutic effects, and side effects.
Final course module for may 2010 pharmacology-iii - copy - copypctebpharm
This document provides information on the Pharmacology-III course for 7th semester B.Pharm students. The 40-lecture course covers drugs acting on the gastrointestinal tract, endocrine system, chemotherapy, and toxicology principles. Assessment includes assignments, presentations, tests, and exams. Students must maintain 75% attendance and follow instructions for assignments, presentations, and practicals to be eligible to appear for exams. The course aims to provide in-depth knowledge of drug pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, therapeutic effects, and side effects.
Final course module for may 2010 pharmacology-iii - copy - copypctebpharm
This document provides information on the Pharmacology-III course for 7th semester B.Pharm students. The 40-lecture course covers drugs acting on the gastrointestinal tract, endocrine system, chemotherapy, and toxicology principles. Assessment includes assignments, presentations, tests, and exams. Students must maintain 75% attendance and follow instructions for assignments, presentations, and practicals to be eligible to appear for exams. The course aims to provide in-depth knowledge of drug pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and therapeutic and toxic effects.
Final course module for may 2010 pharmacology-iii - copy - copypctebpharm
This document provides information on the Pharmacology-III course for 7th semester B.Pharm students. The 40-lecture course covers drugs acting on the gastrointestinal tract, endocrine system, chemotherapy, and toxicology principles. Assessment includes assignments, presentations, tests, and mid-semester exams. Students must maintain 75% attendance and follow instructions for assignments, presentations, and practicals to be eligible to appear for exams. The course aims to provide in-depth knowledge of drug pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and therapeutic and toxic effects.
Final course module for may 2010 pharmacology-iii - copy - copypctebpharm
This document provides information on the Pharmacology-III course for 7th semester B.Pharm students. The 40-lecture course covers drugs acting on the gastrointestinal tract, endocrine system, chemotherapy, and toxicology principles. Assessment includes assignments, presentations, tests, and mid-semester exams. Students must maintain 75% attendance and follow instructions for assignments, presentations, and practicals to be eligible to appear for exams. The course aims to provide in-depth knowledge of drug pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and therapeutic and toxic effects.
Final course module for may 2010 pharmacology-iii - copy - copypctebpharm
This document provides information on the Pharmacology-III course for 7th semester B.Pharm students. The 40-lecture course covers drugs acting on the gastrointestinal tract, endocrine system, chemotherapy, and toxicology principles. Assessment includes assignments, presentations, tests, and semester exams. Students must maintain 75% attendance and follow instructions for assignments, presentations, and practicals to be eligible to appear for exams. The course aims to provide in-depth knowledge of drug pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and therapeutic and toxic effects.
Final course module for may 2010 pharmacology-iii - copy - copypctebpharm
This document provides information on the Pharmacology-III course for 7th semester B.Pharm students. The 40-lecture course covers drugs acting on the gastrointestinal tract, endocrine system, chemotherapy, and toxicology principles. Assessment includes assignments, presentations, tests, and semester exams. Students must maintain 75% attendance and follow instructions for assignments, presentations, and practicals to be eligible to appear for exams. The course aims to provide in-depth knowledge of drug pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and therapeutic and toxic effects.
Final course module for may 2010 pharmacology-iii - copy - copypctebpharm
This document provides information on the Pharmacology-III course for 7th semester B.Pharm students. The 40-lecture course covers drugs acting on the gastrointestinal tract, endocrine system, chemotherapy, and toxicology principles. Assessment includes assignments, presentations, tests, and semester exams. Students must maintain 75% attendance and follow instructions for assignments, presentations, and practicals to be eligible to appear for exams. The course aims to provide in-depth knowledge of drug pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and therapeutic and toxic effects.
1. Pharmacy is a health profession that links health sciences with pharmaceutical sciences to ensure safe and effective use of drugs.
2. Pharmacists work in various settings like hospitals, retail pharmacies, the pharmaceutical industry, and academia. They are responsible for interpreting prescriptions, compounding and dispensing medications, providing drug information to patients and healthcare professionals, and ensuring appropriate drug use.
3. Pharmacy education involves studying both prerequisite sciences and professional pharmacy courses over several years to become an expert in medicines who can optimize patient outcomes.
Dr. of Pharmacy
Pharm. D - 1st Professional
Pharmaceutics - I (Physical Pharmacy)
Complete Notes
Edition 1 (2021)
These notes are just for exam preparation point of view. Not to add in any book or for mass circulation.
Personalized medicine involves the prescription of specific therapeutics best suited for an individual based on their genetic or proteomic profile. This talk discusses current approaches in drug discovery/development, the role of genetics in drug metabolism, and lawful/ethical issues surrounding the deployment of new health technology.
A Guide to a Winning Interview June 2024Bruce Bennett
This webinar is an in-depth review of the interview process. Preparation is a key element to acing an interview. Learn the best approaches from the initial phone screen to the face-to-face meeting with the hiring manager. You will hear great answers to several standard questions, including the dreaded “Tell Me About Yourself”.
Joyce M Sullivan, Founder & CEO of SocMediaFin, Inc. shares her "Five Questions - The Story of You", "Reflections - What Matters to You?" and "The Three Circle Exercise" to guide those evaluating what their next move may be in their careers.
In the intricate tapestry of life, connections serve as the vibrant threads that weave together opportunities, experiences, and growth. Whether in personal or professional spheres, the ability to forge meaningful connections opens doors to a multitude of possibilities, propelling individuals toward success and fulfillment.
Eirini is an HR professional with strong passion for technology and semiconductors industry in particular. She started her career as a software recruiter in 2012, and developed an interest for business development, talent enablement and innovation which later got her setting up the concept of Software Community Management in ASML, and to Developer Relations today. She holds a bachelor degree in Lifelong Learning and an MBA specialised in Strategic Human Resources Management. She is a world citizen, having grown up in Greece, she studied and kickstarted her career in The Netherlands and can currently be found in Santa Clara, CA.
Learnings from Successful Jobs SearchersBruce Bennett
Are you interested to know what actions help in a job search? This webinar is the summary of several individuals who discussed their job search journey for others to follow. You will learn there are common actions that helped them succeed in their quest for gainful employment.
We recently hosted the much-anticipated Community Skill Builders Workshop during our June online meeting. This event was a culmination of six months of listening to your feedback and crafting solutions to better support your PMI journey. Here’s a look back at what happened and the exciting developments that emerged from our collaborative efforts.
A Gathering of Minds
We were thrilled to see a diverse group of attendees, including local certified PMI trainers and both new and experienced members eager to contribute their perspectives. The workshop was structured into three dynamic discussion sessions, each led by our dedicated membership advocates.
Key Takeaways and Future Directions
The insights and feedback gathered from these discussions were invaluable. Here are some of the key takeaways and the steps we are taking to address them:
• Enhanced Resource Accessibility: We are working on a new, user-friendly resource page that will make it easier for members to access training materials and real-world application guides.
• Structured Mentorship Program: Plans are underway to launch a mentorship program that will connect members with experienced professionals for guidance and support.
• Increased Networking Opportunities: Expect to see more frequent and varied networking events, both virtual and in-person, to help you build connections and foster a sense of community.
Moving Forward
We are committed to turning your feedback into actionable solutions that enhance your PMI journey. This workshop was just the beginning. By actively participating and sharing your experiences, you have helped shape the future of our Chapter’s offerings.
Thank you to everyone who attended and contributed to the success of the Community Skill Builders Workshop. Your engagement and enthusiasm are what make our Chapter strong and vibrant. Stay tuned for updates on the new initiatives and opportunities to get involved. Together, we are building a community that supports and empowers each other on our PMI journeys.
Stay connected, stay engaged, and let’s continue to grow together!
About PMI Silver Spring Chapter
We are a branch of the Project Management Institute. We offer a platform for project management professionals in Silver Spring, MD, and the DC/Baltimore metro area. Monthly meetings facilitate networking, knowledge sharing, and professional development. For more, visit pmissc.org.
Success is often not achievable without facing and overcoming obstacles along the way. To reach our goals and achieve success, it is important to understand and resolve the obstacles that come in our way.
In this article, we will discuss the various obstacles that hinder success, strategies to overcome them, and examples of individuals who have successfully surmounted their obstacles.
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GPAT DISUSSION CENTER
Ranked Number 1 in Pharma Education
Now your GPAT result have been declared you might be enjoying last day of your college life (writing
slams, enjoying parties etc.) but remember that you have not still achieved your final destination
because there is no place in India like NIPER for pursuing your post graduate education. So you should
have proper balance between your enjoyment and study.
We have decided to take one step ahead and to start the NIPER Test series & classroom
program for NIPER JEE-2017, which will make your preparation easier and more oriented. Any rank
qualified ranker in GPAT, also get admission in NIPER by their hard work in rest period of time, We
will prove this again in coming month.
National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) has been created as a
center of excellence for higher training, research and development in pharmaceutical sciences and
technology and its first institute of this kind in the country. The institute has been declared as an
institute of national importance by Government of India and established by an act of Parliament.
For general information go to NIPER’S web site
www.niper.nic.in
www.niper.gov.in
The institute offers the students various courses viz. M. Pharm, M. Tech. (Pharm), M.S (Pharm.) and
Ph.D. Programmes in various departments every year.
First bring good rank in entrance
Specialization branch you can select at time of counseling.
At present there are total eleven departments in this institute.
1. Medicinal chemistry
2. Natural products
3. Pharmacology and toxicology
4. Pharmaceutics
5. Pharmaceutical analysis
6. Pharmaceutical technology (Bulk drugs) (chemistry)
7. Pharmaceutical technology (Formulation) (Pharmaceutics)
8. Pharmaceutical technology Biotechnology (PTBT)
9. Biotechnology
10. Practice of pharmacy.
11. Pharmacoinformatics
12. M. B. A. (Pharm)
13. M. Pharm. in Clinical Research.
14. M. S. (Pharm.) Toxicology.
NIPER-2017
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NIPER entrance consists of 200 questions in 2 hours. Well questions will be very easy so no need to
go in depth of the topic, which clearly indicates that time management, is very important to get
success in NIPER entrance. Understanding the question quickly is very important to pick the right
choice. Each question carries one mark (total 200 marks) with 1/4 negative marking for every wrong
answer. It is wise to leave the question if you do not know the answer perfectly. Chemistry,
Pharmacology, Biotechnology, Pharmaceutical analysis are the core subjects from which questions are
being asked. There is no need to worry about Pharmacognosy or forensic pharmacy (Pharmaceutical
Judispudence) as in GPAT, basic concepts based questions are asked. M. Pharm branches and M.B.A.
has a common entrance paper. So read some General knowledge, Pharma management and Pharma
News aspects also.
There is no official syllabus prescribed by NIPER institute for the entrance examination. Here we are
providing the expected syllabus by the help of our TEAM and last year NIPER students. Our materials
and model question papers help to review the subject and practice time management. If you can
secure a good rank in NIPER entrance you should plan and prepare accordingly. Let us now see about
subject wise preparation.
This syllabus is just like GPAT entrance but more specific in Basic Chemistry instead of medicinal
chemistry and many more subject, get the Syllabus from the website www.gdc4gpat.com
, www.gdconlinetest.in for detail.
Specialization subjects: What to study?
Organic chemistry and Bulk Drugs (Pharmaceutical Technology)
1. IUPAC nomenclature, R and S nomenclature, E and Z isomerism, atropiisomerism, Conformations laws.
2. Hybridization, aromaticity, Huckel’s rule reaction mechanisms- Electrophilic,
Nucleophilic, SN1, SN2, SNi, Elimination E1, E2 etc
3. Ester hydrolysis, Aac1 Aac2..all eight mechanisms (Jerry march) Markovnikoves rule with examples, Bredts
rule, Stereoselectivity, stereospecificity, regioselectivity, chemoselectivity, chirality, stereochemistry,
conformations, rearrangements, acids and bases.
4. Imine-enamine Tautomerism, keto-enol tautomerism, pericyclic reactions, racemic mixture, resolution
methods.
5. Amino acids, proteins, various methods for amino acid detection, Ninhydrin test, peptide sequencing,
structures of amino acids, essential and nonessential amino acids.
6. Introduction to thermal methods of analysis like, TGA, DSC, DTA etc.
7. Carbohydrates, osazone test, mutarotation, etc.
8. Various Heterocycles, Heterocycle synthesis, reactions.
9. Introduction to Redox reactions.
10. Spectroscopy: (basics specially): Very very IMP topic. NMR, and C-NMR ranges from Morrison & Boyd or
Pavia Mass -Basic concepts about various peaks M+1, molecular ion, base peak etc. (Silverstein) IR -
Frequencies of various groups specially carbonyls. UV.
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11. Chromatography: Details of every chromatographic method.
12. Reaction kinetics, first second third and pseudo first order reactions, radio labeling for determination of
mechanism.
13. Common condensation reactions like Aldol, Claisen, Perkin, Dickmann, Darzen etc.
14. Other reactions like Cannizarro’s reaction, Prins reaction, especially reactions of carbonyl compounds.
15. Oxidizing & reducing agents like sodium borohydride, chromic acid & their use in named reactions
16. Stereochemistry chiefly very very very important.
17. UV ranges, IR delta values, NMR peaks, Numericals
Natural Products
In natural products more stress should be given on phytochemistry part rather than biological aspects.
1. Methods of extraction, isolation and characterization of natural products. Various separation techniques used
for isolation of natural products.
2. Biosynthetic pathways.
3. Primary metabolites, their examples.
4. Secondary metabolites, various classes of secondary metabolites (e.g. Alkaloids, glycosides, tannins, lignans,
saponins, lipids, flavonoids, coumarins, anthocyanidines etc.). Here most imp. Part is chemistry of these classes.
5. Important therapeutic classes: antidiabetics, hepatoprotectives, immmunomodulators, neutraceuticals,
natural products for gynecological disorders, anti-cancer, anti-viral (mainly anti-HIV), adaptogens etc.
6. Dietary antioxidants, Marine natural products, Plant growth regulators.
7. Spectroscopy: Basic concepts of UV, NMR, IR and Mass spectroscopy. Give more stress on IR and NMR.
8. Stereochemistry: Basic concepts.
9. Fischer, sawhorse and newmon projection formulas.
10. Biological sources of important classes of natural products. (Selected ones only)
11. Standardization of natural products.
12. What is difference between natural products and pharmacognosy?
13. Natural products as anti viral & anti cancer agents with examples.
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Pharmacology and Toxicology
1. Pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, pharmacological effect, desired, undesired, toxic, adverse effects.
2. Bioavailability, bioequivalence, various factors of ADME. (From Bramhankar)
3. Drug metabolism: various pathways and other details.
4. Drug interactions, agonist, antagonist, partial agonist, protein binding, drug
distribution, distribution volume, excretion pathways etc.
5. Pharmacological screening: general principles, various screening models, screening methodologies (in vitro
and in vivo tests).
6. Mechanism of drug action, drug-receptor interaction.
7. Various adrenergic, cholinergic and other receptors
8. Detailed study of CNS pharmacology
9. Study of basis of threshold areas of work in NIPER in pharmacology dept. mentioned in brochure.
10. Diseases: study of the pharmacology of the diseases and drugs used with mode of action especially of
diabetes, malaria, leishmaniasis, TB, hypertension, myocardial ischemia, inflammation, and
immunomodualtion.
11. Chemotherapy and pathophysiology- knowledge of antibiotics, their mode of action and the
microorganisms responsible for various common diseases.
12. Bioassay methods, various requirements. Brief knowledge of the statistical tests.
13. Basic mechanism of all drugs with major side effects & classification.
14. Receptors classification with examples.
Pharmaceutics and formulation (Pharmaceutical Technology)
1. Drug delivery systems (DDS): NDDS models, osmotic pumps, various release patterns eg. Controlled release,
delayed release. Sustained release etc. order of release. Oral controlled DDS, factors affecting controlled release.
2. Carriers in DDS: polymers and their classification, types, carbohydrates, surfactants, proteins, lipids,
prodrugs etc.
3. Transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDS): principles, absorption enhancers, evaluation of TDDS.
4. Parenterals: requirements, advantages, disadvantages, release pattern, route of drug delivery.
5. Drug targeting: microspheres, nano particles, liposomes, monoclonal antibodies, etc.
6. Preformulation detailed.
7. Complexation, solubilization, polymerization, viscosity measurements.
8. Dosage form development- stages, implications of dosage form.
9. Additives of formulation, types, examples, advantages, disadvantages, drug excepient interaction,
incompatibility, various types of incompatibilities.
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10. Dosage forms: solid (tablets, capsules, pills etc), liquid (emulsion, suspension etc), sterile (injectables),
aerosols. Principles, advantages, disadvantages and problems.
11. Coating - in detail.
12. Packaging: materials, labeling etc. Types of containers (Tamper-proof containers)
13. In process controls, Product specification, documentation.
14. Compartmental modeling. (From Bramhankar)
15. Bioavailability, bioequivalence studies. Methods of improvement of oral bioavailability.
16. Evaluation of formulation, principles and methods of release control in oral formulations.
Pharmaceutical analysis
1. Stability testing of pharmaceuticals, various stability tests, kinetic studies, shelf life determination, thermal
stability, formulation stability.
2. Various analytical techniques
3. Tests: physical and chemical tests, limit tests, microbiological tests, biological tests, disintegration and
dissolution tests.
4. Spectroscopic methods; UV, NMR, IR, MS, GCMS, FT-IR, FT-NMR, ATR (Attenuated Total Reflectance), FT-
Raman- basics and applications.
5. Thermal techniques: DSC, DTA, TGA, etc.
6. Particle sizing: law of diffraction.
7. Electrophoresis: capillary electrophoresis.
8. Chromatography- detailed.
9. QA and QC: GLP, TQM, ISO system.
10. Preformulation, cyclodextrin inclusion compounds
11. Solubility: pH, pka, surfactant HLB values, Rheology.
12. Crystallinity, polymorphism, solvates and hydrates, crystal habits, porosity, surface area flow properties.
13. Dosage forms, Stages of dosage form development
14. Osmolality, osmolarity, osmotic pressure, conductivity, Preservatives, Media for bioassay.
Pharmaceutical Biotechnology
1. Protein: Structure, Allosteric proteins, Amino acid analysis & Protein sequencing (Sanger’s, etc from zubey),
peptide synthesis. (Lehninger)
2. Enzyme: Active site, Functional groups, Enz-Sub complex, Co-factors, Michaelis-menten eqn , Enzyme
inhibition, Isoenzymes, Allosterism, Mechanism of action of some selected enzyme (Chymotrypsin, Trypsin).
(Read from Zubey)
3. DNA replication, Transcription and Translation
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4. Recombinant DNA technology: Bacterial transformation, transduction, etc. PCR, Southern, Northern
blotting, Plasmid-Vector concept. (Read Microbiology-Tortora chapter on r-DNA technology).
5. Immunology: Concepts of Innate/ Adaptive/ immunity, epitope. Hypersensitivity reactions. ELISA,
Immunofluorescence tests.
6. Microorganism for amino acids, baker’s yeast, ethanol, aceton-butanol, citric acid, lactic acid. Also,
antibiotics and vitamin producing organism.
Practice of Pharmacy
The best part for the preparation for this best reference for this would be Remington’s Pharmaceutical
Sciences. This branch is quite new here, so till dates students of branch used to do case study of prescriptions in
Fortis hospital, PGI Chandigarh and govt. college chd. This is much like pharmacology and drug-drug
interactions and different interactions are emphasized. Diabetes, heart diseases are main area of study.
Pharmacoinformatics
Terminologies related with new emerging informatics e.g. proteomics, genomics, QSAR (2D, 3D, regression,
correlation).
References:
Foye, Williams and Lemke, Medicinal chemistry, 5th/6th edition, chapter 1-6.
(Computational drug design and molecular modeling).
Others (MOST IMPORTANT & SCORING)
Statistics, general mathematics and aptitude questions. Use MBA entrance test books like CET or CAT in
MBA. Additionally some General awareness questions (synonyms)-10-15 questions
Latest drugs banned & approved in US market, read latest journals, internet for this-5-6 questions
Ramchandran plot & Bredt & Markonikov rule with examples-3 questions
Complete basics of organic chemistry.
Advancement in analytical chemistry.
NIPER’s Thrust areas are
Microbial and viral diseases: Yeast, and fungi.
Parasitic and tropical diseases: Malaria, Leishmaniasis, amoebiasis, cancer, aids etc.
Metabolic Disorders: Diabetes Strokes
Oxidizing, reducing agents & Stereochemistry
Organic reactions & mechanisms
Peptide and carbohydrate chemistry.
Genomics and proteomics: yeast and fungi
Hormonal disorders: Sex & TSH related diseases.
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ENTRANCE PATTERN
You have answer 200 questions in 120min.
But remember its not tough job you can attempt all questions. Only don’t waste
time on tough question more than 45sec. Most of the questions will take 5sec. to attempt. Try to manage
time and success is yours.
Well we repeat again no need to know everything very thoroughly but go through each bit and
piece at least once. Basic conceptual and logical questions are there don’t go in more depth.
Lastly, remember
Men often believe what they believe themselves to be.
If I believe I can not do something, it makes me incapable of doing it.
But when I believe I can, and then I acquire the ability to do it even if I didn’t have it in the
beginning.
So think that you are destined to be in NIPER and rest assured you will be part of it.
ALL THE BEST
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Best Exam Preparation for You. Start Now !!!
IMPROVE YOUR PERFORMANE BY 15-20 %
GPAT Discussion Center announces launch of NIPER-2017 Online Test Series - India's most
innovative online practice mock test series for NIPER JEE aspirants for exact simulation of the NIPER
exams. Boost your exam preparation with GDC to crack the NIPER-2017 Select your Package and get
started.
This Test is 1st ever of it's kind which shall guide the students for preparing their course on "Revision
strategy" through topic wise personalize and comparative analysis. It may helps you in focusing your
last time preparation.
U can join the Test any time as per the scheduled time of examination.
Visit:- www.gdc4gpat.com, www.gdconlinetest.in
See the brochure for Syllabus and details
Helpline Numbers:- 8602227444, 9770765680
NIPER All India Online Test Series
Visit:- www.gdconlinetest.in
The test series is designed for the preparation of NIPER and promises to deliver its finest in the
exams.
Test will be conducted till NIPER-2017
YOU MAY JOIN THE TEST SERIES ANY TIME AS PER THE EXAMINATION SCHEDULE, STUDENTS
MAY ENQUIRE AT ANY TIME ABOUT THE COMPLETE DETAILS
• Question In Topic wise and Subject wise, Minor Test is – 100, In Mock Test -200
• Place of test- Your College/Institution’s Net, Any Cyber Cafe or wherever internet
facility can be available.
• Day & Timing of Test: Any Time , Any Day or as per the schedule– Till NIPER-2017
• Negative Marking : Same as NIPER-2017 (0.25 marks deduction on every wrong answer)
• You can avail these papers any time as well as at anyplace in laptop, Desktop or in
Mobile phones but we recommend it take it in Laptop or desktop.
• There is no schedule. You can make your own schedule, however for classroom students
test schedule will be given to the students on respective centers.
• Result and secured Rank of test will be displayed after completion of the every test on
the screen.
• I you have any query or confusion after TEST SERIES than you can ask with us BY
SENDING A MAIL TO US on gdcgpat037@gmail.com
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TARGET NIPER-2017
IMPROVE YOUR PERFORMANE BY 15-20 %
The test series is designed for the preparation of NIPER-2017 and promises to deliver its finest
in the exams.
Total 25 Test will be conducted
MINOR TEST 07
MAJOR TEST 05
PRVIOUS YEAR PAPER(2004-2016) 13
Syllabus of TARGET NIPER Test Series
Gpat Discussion Centre All India Test Series- 2017
Test Test Type Test Description Topic Number of
Questions
MINOR TEST
MINOR TEST
Test Number - 1 Complete Syllabus 100
Test Number-2 Complete Syllabus 100
Test Number -3 Complete Syllabus 100
Test Number -4 Complete Syllabus 100
Test Number -5 Complete Syllabus 100
Test Number -6 Complete Syllabus 100
Test Number -7 Complete Syllabus 100
MAJOR TEST
Test Number-8 Complete Syllabus 200
Test Number -9 Complete Syllabus 200
MAJOR TEST Test Number -10 Complete Syllabus 200
Test Number -11 Complete Syllabus 200
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Test Number -12 Complete Syllabus 200
Test number-13 NIPER-2004 100
Test number-14 NIPER-2005 100
Test number-15 NIPER-2006 100
Test number-16 NIPER-2007 100
Test number-17 NIPER-2008 100
PREVIOUS YEAR
PAPER
Test number-18 NIPER-2009 100
Test number-19 NIPER-2010 100
Test number-20 NIPER-2011 100
Test number-21 NIPER-2012 100
Test number-22 NIPER-2013( Available in soft copy) 100
Test number-23 NIPER-2014( Available in soft copy) 100
Test number-24 NIPER-2015( Available in soft copy) 100
Test number-25 NIPER-2016( Available in soft copy) 100
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CRACK NIPER-2017
IMPROVE YOUR PERFORMANE BY 15-20 %
The test series is designed for the preparation of NIPER-2017 and promises to deliver its finest
in the exams.
Total 35 Test will be conducted
Subject Wise Test 10
MINOR TEST 07
MAJOR TEST 05
PRVIOUS YEAR PAPER(2004-2016) 13
Syllabus of TARGET NIPER Test Series
Gpat Discussion Centre All India Test Series- 2017
Test Test Type Test Description Topic Number of
Questions
SUBJET WISE TEST
SUBJECT
WISE TEST
Test Number -1 Pharmacology 100
Test Number -2 Pharmaceutics 100
Test Number -3 Physical chemistry, Inorganic
Chemistry
100
Test Number -4 Medicinal Chemistry 100
Test Number -5 Microbiology and Biotechnology 100
Test Number -6 Pharmacognosy 100
Test Number -7 Pharmaceutical Analysis 100
Test Number -8 Biochemistry 100
Test Number -9 Organic Chemistry 100
Test Number -10 Organic Chemistry 100
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MINOR TEST
MINOR TEST
Test Number – 11 Complete Syllabus 100
Test Number-12 Complete Syllabus 100
Test Number -13 Complete Syllabus 100
Test Number -14 Complete Syllabus 100
Test Number -15 Complete Syllabus 100
Test Number -16 Complete Syllabus 100
Test Number -17 Complete Syllabus 100
MAJOR TEST
Test Number-18 Complete Syllabus 200
Test Number -19 Complete Syllabus 200
MAJOR TEST Test Number -20 Complete Syllabus 200
Test Number -21 Complete Syllabus 200
Test Number -22 Complete Syllabus 200
Test number-23 NIPER-2004 100
Test number-24 NIPER-2005 100
Test number-25 NIPER-2006 100
Test number-26 NIPER-2007 100
PREVIOUS YEAR
PAPER
Test number-27 NIPER-2008 100
Test number-28 NIPER-2009 100
Test number-29 NIPER-2010 100
Test number-30 NIPER-2011 100
Test number-31 NIPER-2012 100
Test number-32 NIPER-2013( Available in soft copy) 100
Test number-33 NIPER-2014( Available in soft copy) 100
Test number-34 NIPER-2015( Available in soft copy) 100
Test number-35 NIPER-2016( Available in soft copy) 100
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ACHIVE NIPER-2017
IMPROVE YOUR PERFORMANE BY 15-20 %
The test series is designed for the preparation of NIPER-2017 and promises to deliver its finest
in the exams.
Total 45 Test will be conducted
SUBJECT WISE TEST 15
MINOR TEST 12
MAJOR TEST 05
PRVIOUS YEAR PAPER(2004-2016) 13
Syllabus of TARGET NIPER Test Series
Gpat Discussion Centre All India Test Series- 2017
Test Test Type Test Description Topic Number of
Questions
SUBJET WISE TEST
SUBJECT
WISE TEST
Test Number -1 Pharmacology 100
Test Number -2 Pharmacology 100
Test Number -3 Pharmaceutics 100
Test Number -4 Pharmaceutics 100
Test Number -5 Physical chemistry, Inorganic
Chemistry
100
Test Number -6 Medicinal Chemistry 100
Test Number -7 Microbiology and Biotechnology 100
Test Number -8 Pharmacognosy 100
Test Number -9 Pharmaceutical Analysis 100
Test Number -10 Pharmaceutical Analysis 100
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Test Number -11 Biochemistry 100
Test Number-12 Biochemistry 100
Test Number -13 Organic Chemistry 100
Test Number -14 Organic Chemistry 100
Test Number -15 Organic Chemistry 100
MINOR TEST
MINOR TEST
Test Number – 16 Complete Syllabus 100
Test Number-17 Complete Syllabus 100
Test Number -18 Complete Syllabus 100
Test Number -19 Complete Syllabus 100
Test Number -20 Complete Syllabus 100
Test Number -21 Complete Syllabus 100
Test Number -22 Complete Syllabus 100
Test Number- 23 Complete Syllabus 100
Test Number -24 Complete Syllabus 100
Test Number -25 Complete Syllabus 100
Test Number -26 Complete Syllabus 100
Test Number -27 Complete Syllabus 100
MAJOR TEST
Test Number-28 Complete Syllabus 200
Test Number -29 Complete Syllabus 200
MAJOR TEST Test Number -30 Complete Syllabus 200
Test Number -31 Complete Syllabus 200
Test Number -32 Complete Syllabus 200
PREVIOUS YEAR PAPER
Test number-33 NIPER-2004 100
Test number-34 NIPER-2005 100
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Test number-35 NIPER-2006 100
Test number-36 NIPER-2007 100
Test number-37 NIPER-2008 100
Test number-38 NIPER-2009 100
PREVIOUS YEAR
PAPER
Test number-39 NIPER-2010 100
Test number-40 NIPER-2011 100
Test number-41 NIPER-2012 100
Test number-42 NIPER-2013( Available in soft copy) 100
Test number-43 NIPER-2014( Available in soft copy) 100
Test number-44 NIPER-2015( Available in soft copy) 100
Test number-45 NIPER-2016( Available in soft copy) 100
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LAKSHYA NIPER - 2017
IMPROVE YOUR PERFORMANE BY 15-20 %
The test series is designed for the preparation of NIPER-2017 and promises to deliver its finest
in the exams.
Total 45 Test will be conducted
Topic Wise Test 30
Subject Wise Test 07
MINOR TEST 10
MAJOR TEST 05
PRVIOUS YEAR PAPER(2004-2016) 13
Syllabus of TARGET NIPER Test Series
Gpat Discussion Centre All India Test Series- 2017
Test Test Type Test Description Topic Number of
Questions
TOPIC WISE TEST
TOPIC WISE
TEST
Test Number -1 General Pharmacology 100
Test Number -2 Drugs Acting on ANS, CNS and
PNS
100
Test Number -3 Hematology, GIT & Respiratory
System
100
Test Number -4 Cardiovascular System, 100
Test Number -5 Autocoids, Diuretics 100
Test Number -6 Endocrinology 100
Test Number -7 Chemotherapy 100
Test Number -8 Solution, Suspension, Emulsion,
Semisolid, Suppository
100
Test Number -9 Tablet, Capsules,
Microencapsulation,Aerosol,
Ophthalmic, Parenteral
100
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Test Number -10 Cosmetic Technology 100
Test Number -11 Pharmaceutical Engineering 100
Test Number-12 Dispensing Pharmacy 100
Test Number -13 Physical Pharmacy 100
Test Number -14 Biopharmaceutics and
Pharmacokinetics
100
Test Number -15 Organic Chemistry 100
Test Number -16 Organic Chemistry 100
Test Number -17 Volatile oils and Lipids 100
Test Number -18 Alkaloids 100
Test Number -19 Glycoside 100
Test Number -20 Carbobydrate, Resin, Tannin, Fibers,
Drugs of mineral origin, Traditional
Drugs, Marine pharmacognosy
100
Test Number -21 All Spectroscopy Methods 100
Test Number -22 Chromatography Techniques 100
Test Number -23 Fundamentals of volumetric analysis,
Oxidation Reduction Titrations,
Precipitation Titrations, Gravimetric
Analysis, Non-aqueous titrations,
Potentiometry, Conductometry,
Coulometry, Polarography,
Amperometry
100
Test Number -24 Physical chemistry, Inorganic
Chemistry
100
Test Number -25 Chemistry of Principles of Drug
Design, ANS, CVS, Autocoids
100
Test Number -26 Chemistry of Diuretics, Respiratory
System, Endocrinology
100
Test Number -27 Chemistry of Drugs Acting on PNS &
CNS, Hematology & GIT
100
Test Number -28 Chemistry of Chemotherapy 100
Test Number -29 The concept of free energy, Enzymes,
Carbohydrate Metabolism, Proteins,
Lipids, Nucleic acid, Vitamins
100
Test Number -30 Importance of microbiology in
pharmacy, Identification of Microbes,
Sterilization, Vaccines, Sera,
Immunology
100
SUBJECT WISE TEST
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SUBJECT WISE
TEST
Test Number- 31 Pharmacology 100
Test Number-32 Pharmaceutics 100
Test Number -33 Medicinal Chemistry 100
Test Number -34 Microbiology and Biotechnology 100
Test Number -35 Pharmacognosy 100
Test Number -36 Pharmaceutical Analysis 100
Test Number -37 Biochemistry 100
MINOR TEST
MINOR TEST
Test Number -38 Complete Syllabus 100
Test Number -39 Complete Syllabus 100
Test Number -40 Complete Syllabus 100
Test Number -41 Complete Syllabus 100
Test Number -42 Complete Syllabus 100
Test Number -43 Complete Syllabus 100
Test Number -44 Complete Syllabus 100
Test Number -45 Complete Syllabus 100
Test Number -46 Complete Syllabus 100
Test Number -47 Complete Syllabus 100
MAJOR TEST
Test Number-48 Complete Syllabus 200
Test Number -49 Complete Syllabus 200
MAJOR TEST Test Number -50 Complete Syllabus 200
Test Number -51 Complete Syllabus 200
Test Number -52 Complete Syllabus 200
PREVIOUS YEAR PAPER
Test number-53 NIPER-2004 100
Test number-54 NIPER-2005 100
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PREVIOUS YEAR
PAPER
Test number-55 NIPER-2006 100
Test number-56 NIPER-2007 100
Test number-57 NIPER-2008 100
Test number-58 NIPER-2009 100
Test number-59 NIPER-2010 100
Test number-60 NIPER-2011 100
Test number-61 NIPER-2012 100
Test number-62 NIPER-2013( Available in soft copy) 100
Test number-63 NIPER-2014( Available in soft copy) 100
Test number-64 NIPER-2015( Available in soft copy) 100
Test number-65 NIPER-2016( Available in soft copy) 100
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your convenience within this time period.
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Ques. What are the types of questions asked in GPAT/NIPER 2018 ?
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questions are also included in GPAT/NIPER-2018 Online Test Series.
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Ans. Yes, resume facility is available.
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GPAT Discussion Center
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