This document provides an overview of English tenses including: 1) Present Simple for habits and general truths 2) Present Continuous for ongoing actions 3) Present Perfect for completed actions with present results 4) Simple Past for completed past actions 5) Future Simple for predictions and intentions It explains how to form and use these tenses in sentences, giving examples for each.

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Baøi 1: THÌ CUÛA ÑOÄNG TÖØ
I- Hieän taïi ñôn (Simple Present):
1) Caùch thaønh laäp:
- Caâu khaúng ñònh S + V(s/es); S + am/is/are
- Caâu phuû ñònh S + do/does + not + V; S + am/is/are + not
- Caâu hoûi Do/Does + S + V?; Am/Is/Are + S?
2) Caùch duøng chính:
Thì hieän taïi ñôn ñöôïc duøng ñeå dieãn taû:
2.1 Moät thoùi quen, moät haønh ñoäng ñöôïc laëp ñi laëp laïi thöôøng xuyeân. Trong
caâu thöôøng coù caùc traïng töø: always, often, usually, sometimes, seldom, rarely,
every day/week/month …
Ex: Mary often gets up early in the morning.
2.2 Moät söï thaät luùc naøo cuõng ñuùng, moät chaân lyù.
Ex: The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.
2.3 Moät haønh ñoäng trong töông lai ñaõ ñöôïc ñöa vaøo chöông trình,keá hoaïch.
Ex: The last train leaves at 4.45.
II- Hieän taïi tieáp dieãn (Present Continuous):
1) Caùch thaønh laäp:
- Caâu khaúng ñònh S + am/is/are + V-ing
- Caâu phuû ñònh S + am/is/are + not + V-ing
- Caâu hoûi Am/Is/Are + S + V-ing?
2) Caùch duøng chính:
Thì hieän taïi tieáp dieãn duøng ñeå dieãn taû:
2.1 Moät haønh ñoäng ñang dieãn ra ôû hieän taïi (trong luùc noùi); sau caâu meänh
leänh, ñeà nghò. Trong caâu thöôøng coù caùc traïng töø: now, right now, at the moment,
at present, …
Ex: What are you doing at the moment?
- I’m writing a letter.
Be quiet! My mother is sleeping.
2.2 Moät haønh ñoäng ñaõ ñöôïc leân keá hoaïch thöïc hieän trong töông lai gaàn.
Ex: What are you doing tonight?
- I am going to the cinema with my father.
2.3 Moät haønh ñoäng nhaát thôøi khoâng keùo daøi laâu, thöôøng duøng vôùi today,
this week, this month, these days, …
Ex: What is your daughter doing these days?
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- She is studying English at the foreign language center.
3) Nhöõng ñoäng töø khoâng ñöôïc duøng ôû thì HTTD:
3.1 Ñoäng töø chæ giaùc quan: hear, see, smell, taste
3.2 Ñoäng töø chæ tình caûm, caûm xuùc: love, hate, like, dislike, want, wish
3.3 Ñoäng töø chæ traïng thaùi, söï lieân heä, sôû höõu: look, seem, appear, have,
own, belong to, need, …
3.4 Ñoäng töø chæ sinh hoaït trí tueä: agree, understand, remember, know, …
III- Hieän taïi hoaøn thaønh (Present Perfect):
1) Caùch thaønh laäp:
- Caâu khaúng ñònh S + have/has+ V3/ed
- Caâu phuû ñònh S + have/has + not + V3/ed
- Caâu hoûi Have/Has + S + V3/ed?
2) Caùch duøng chính:
Thì HTHT duøng ñeå dieãn taû:
2.1 Moät haønh ñoäng xaûy ra trong quaù khöù khoâng xaùc ñònh roõ thôøi ñieåm.
Ex: Have you had breakfast? – No, I haven’t.
2.2 Moät haønh ñoäng xaûy ra trong quaù khöù, coøn keùo daøi ñeán hieän taïi.
Ex: My friend Nam has lived in HCMC since 1998.
2.3 Moät haønh ñoäng vöøa môùi xaûy ra.
Ex: I have just finished my homework.
2.4 Trong caáu truùc:
Be + the first/second… time + S + have/has + V3/ed
Be + the ss nhaát + N + S + have/has + V3/ed
Ex: This is the first time I have been to Paris.
She is the most honest person I have ever met.
3) Caùc traïng töø thöôøng duøng vôùi thì HTHT:
just (vöøa môùi), recently/lately (gaàn ñaây), ever (ñaõ töøng), never (chöa bao
giôø), yet (chöa), already (roài), since (töø khi – moác thôøi gian), for (khoaûng), so
far/until now/up to now/up to the present (cho ñeán baây giôø)
IV- Hieän taïi hoaøn thaønh tieáp dieãn (Present Perfect Continuous):
1) Caùch thaønh laäp:
- Caâu khaúng ñònh S + have/has+ been + V-ing
- Caâu phuû ñònh S + have/has + not + been + V-ing
- Caâu hoûi Have/Has + S + been + V-ing?
2) Caùch duøng chính:
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Thì HTHTTD ñöôïc duøng ñeå dieãn taû:
* Haønh ñoäng baét ñaàu trong quaù khöù vaø keùo daøi LIEÂN TUÏC ñeán hieän taïi vaø
coøn tieáp dieãn ñeán töông lai, thöôøng duøng vôùi How long, since vaø for.
Ex: How long have you been waiting for her?
- I have been waiting for her for an hour.
* HTHT: haønh ñoäng hoaøn taát
HTHTTD: haønh ñoäng coøn tieáp tuïc
V- Quaù khöù ñôn (Simple Past):
1) Caùch thaønh laäp:
- Caâu khaúng ñònh S + V2/ed; S + was/were
- Caâu phuû ñònh S + did + not + V; S + was/were + not
- Caâu hoûi Did + S + V?; Was/Were + S?
2) Caùch duøng chính:
Thì QKÑ duøng ñeå dieãn taû haønh ñoäng ñaõ xaûy ra vaø hoaøn taát trong quaù khöù
vôùi thôøi gian ñöôïc xaùc ñònh roõ. Caùc traïng töø thöôøng ñi keøm: yesterday, ago, last
week/month/year, in the past, in 1990, …
Ex: Uncle Ho passed away in 1969.
VI- Quaù khöù tieáp dieãn (Past Continuous):
1) Caùch thaønh laäp:
- Caâu khaúng ñònh S + was/were + V-ing
- Caâu phuû ñònh S + was/were + not + V-ing
- Caâu hoûi Was/Were + S + V-ing?
2) Caùch duøng chính:
Thì QKTD duøng ñeå dieãn taû:
2.1 Moät haønh ñoäng xaûy ra (vaø keùo daøi) vaøo moät thôøi ñieåm hoaëc moät
khoaûng thôøi gian trong quaù khöù.
Ex: She was studying her lesson at 7 last night.
What were you doing from 3pm to 6pm yesterday?
- I was practising English at that time.
2.2 Moät haønh ñoäng ñang xaûy ra (V-ing) ôû quaù khöù thì coù moät haønh ñoäng
khaùc xen vaøo (V2/ed).
Ex: He was sleeping when I came.
While my mother was cooking dinner, the phone rang.
2.3 Hai haønh ñoäng dieãn ra song song cuøng luùc trong quaù khöù.
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Ex: While I was doing my homework, my younger brother was playing
video games.
VII- Quaù khöù hoaøn thaønh (Past Perfect):
1) Caùch thaønh laäp:
- Caâu khaúng ñònh S + had + V3/ed
- Caâu phuû ñònh S + had+ not + V3/ed
- Caâu hoûi Had + S + V3/ed?
2) Caùch duøng chính:
Thì QKHT duøng ñeå dieãn taû:
2.1 Moät haønh ñoäng xaûy ra vaø hoaøn taát tröôùc moät thôøi ñieåm hoaëc moät haønh
ñoäng khaùc trong quaù khöù (haønh ñoäng tröôùc duøng HAD + V3/ed, haønh ñoäng sau
duøng V2/ed).
Ex: We had had dinner before eight o’clock last night.
Lucie had learned English before she came to England.
2.2 Moät haønh ñoäng ñaõ xaûy ra nhöng chöa hoaøn thaønh, tính ñeán moät thôøi
ñieåm naøo ñoù trong quaù khöù.
Ex: By the time I left that school, I had taught there for ten years.
(Tôùi luùc toâi rôøi ngoâi tröôøng aáy, toâi ñaõ daïy ñöôïc 10 naêm.)
3) Thì naøy thöôøng ñöôïc duøng vôùi caùc töø, ngöõ sau ñaây:
* After, before, when, as, once
Ex: When I got to the station, the train had already left.
* No sooner … than (vöøa môùi … thì)
Hardly/Scarely … when (vöøa môùi … thì)
Ex: He had no sooner returned from abroad than he fell ill.
---> No sooner had he returned from abroad than he fell ill.
(Anh aáy vöøa môùi trôû veà töø nöôùc ngoaøi thì ñaâm ra beänh.)
* It was not until … that … (maõi cho tôùi … môùi …)
Not until … that … (maõi cho tôùi … môùi …)
Ex: It was not until I had met her that I understood the problem.
---> Not until I had met her did I understand the problem.
(Maõi tôùi khi toâi gaëp coâ ta, toâi môùi hieåu ñöôïc vaán ñeà.)
VIII- Quaù khöù hoaøn thaønh tieáp dieãn (Past Perfect Continuous):
1) Caùch thaønh laäp:
- Caâu khaúng ñònh S + had + been + V-ing
- Caâu phuû ñònh S + had + not + been + V-ing
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- Caâu hoûi Had + S + been + not + V-ing?
2) Caùch duøng chính:
Thì QKHTTD duøng ñeå nhaán maïnh tính LIEÂN TUÏC cuûa haønh ñoäng cho
ñeán khi moät haønh ñoäng khaùc xaûy ra trong quaù khöù.
Ex: When she arrived, I had been waiting for three hours.
IX- Töông lai ñôn (Simple Future):
1) Caùch thaønh laäp:
- Caâu khaúng ñònh S + will/shall + V
- Caâu phuû ñònh S + will/shall + not + V
- Caâu hoûi Will/Shall + S + V?
2) Caùch duøng chính:
Thì TLÑ duøng ñeå dieãn taû:
2.1 Moät haønh ñoäng seõ xaûy ra trong töông lai.
Ex: I will call you tomorrow.
2.2 Moät quyeát ñònh ñöa ra vaøo luùc noùi.
Ex: It’s cold. I’ll shut the window.
2.3 Moät quyeát taâm, lôøi höùa, ñeà nghò, yeâu caàu.
Ex: I will lend you the money.
Will you marry me?
2.4 Moät tieân ñoaùn, döï baùo trong töông lai.
Ex: People will travel to Mars one day.
3) Moät soá traïng töø chæ thôøi gian thöôøng gaëp:
tomorrow, tonight, next week/month/year, some day, in the future, …
* LÖU YÙ: Caùch duøng cuûa be going to + V:
+ Dieãn taû yù ñònh (khoâng coù trong keá hoaïch)
Ex: I have saved some money. I am going to buy a new computer.
(Toâi ñaõ ñeå daønh ñöôïc moät ít tieàn. Toâi ñònh mua moät maùy vi tính môùi.)
+ Dieãn taû moät döï ñoaùn coù caên cöù
Ex: Look at those clouds. It’s going to rain.
(Haõy nhìn nhöõng ñaùm maây ñoù kìa. Trôøi saép möa.)
X- Töông lai tieáp dieãn (Future Continuous):
1) Caùch thaønh laäp:
- Caâu khaúng ñònh S + will/shall + be + V-ing
- Caâu phuû ñònh S + will/shall + not + be + V-ing
- Caâu hoûi Will/Shall + S + be + V-ing?
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2) Caùch duøng chính:
Thì TLTD duøng ñeå dieãn taû moät haønh ñoäng seõ ñang dieãn ra ôû moät thôøi
ñieåm hay moät khoaûng thôøi gian trong töông lai.
Ex: This time next week I will be playing tennis.
We’ll be working hard all day tomorrow.
XI- Töông lai hoaøn thaønh (Future Perfect):
1) Caùch thaønh laäp:
- Caâu khaúng ñònh S + will/shall + have + V3/ed
- Caâu phuû ñònh S + will/shall + not + have + V3/ed
- Caâu hoûi Will/Shall + S + have + V3/ed?
2) Caùch duøng chính:
Thì TLHT duøng ñeå dieãn taû:
2.1 Moät haønh ñoäng seõ hoaøn taát tröôùc moät thôøi ñieåm trong töông lai.
Ex: It’s now 7pm. I will have finished teaching this class by 8.30.
(Baây giôø laø 7 giôø toái. Toâi seõ daïy xong lôùp naøy luùc 8g30.)
2.2 Moät haønh ñoäng seõ hoaøn taát tröôùc moät haønh ñoäng khaùc trong töông lai.
Ex: By the time you come back, I will have written this letter.
(Vaøo luùc anh trôû laïi, toâi seõ vieát xong laù thö naøy.)
* Thì naøy thöôøng ñöôïc baét ñaàu baèng By + time (By then, By the time, By
the end of this week/month/year).
XII- Töông lai hoaøn thaønh tieáp dieãn (Future Perfect Continuous):
1) Caùch thaønh laäp:
- Caâu khaúng ñònh S + will/shall + have + been + V-ing
- Caâu phuû ñònh S + will/shall + not + have + been + V-ing
- Caâu hoûi Will/Shall + S + have + been + V-ing?
2) Caùch duøng chính:
Thì TLHTTD duøng ñeå nhaán maïnh tính LIEÂN TUÏC cuûa haønh ñoäng so vôùi
moät thôøi ñieåm naøo ñoù hoaëc haønh ñoäng khaùc trong töông lai.
Ex: By next month, he will have been working in the office for ten
years.
When George gets his degree, he will have been studying at Oxford
for four years.
All things are difficult before they are easy.
Vaïn söï khôûi ñaàu nan.
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Baøi 2: THEÅ THUÏ ÑOÄNG
I- Caùc böôùc ñoåi caâu chuû ñoäng sang caâu bò ñoäng:
1) Xaùc ñònh S, V, O trong caâu chuû ñoäng (V coù theå laø ñôn hoaëc keùp. Neáu laø
V keùp thì V cuoái cuøng-V chính- ñöôïc ñoåi thaønh V3/ed.)
2) Xaùc ñònh thì cuûa ñoäng töø
3) Ñem O trong caâu chuû ñoäng laøm S trong caâu bò ñoäng, ñem S trong caâu chuû
ñoäng laøm O trong caâu bò ñoäng
4) Laáy V chính trong caâu chuû ñoäng ñoåi thaønh V3/ed roài theâm BE thích hôïp
tröôùc V3/ed
5) Ñaët BY tröôùc O trong caâu bò ñoäng
Ex: (A) The cat ate the mouse.
---> (P) The mouse was eaten by the cat.
Trong (A), The cat laø S, ate laø V chính, the mouse laø O. Ñem the mouse
laøm S vaø the cat laøm O trong (P). Laáy V chính ñoåi thaønh V3 laø eaten. Do V
chính trong (A) ôû thì quaù khöù ñôn vaø The mouse trong (P) soá ít neân BE phaûi laø
was. Ñaët by tröôùc the cat.
* Caáu truùc cô baûn cuûa caâu bò ñoäng laø BE + V3/ed. Sau khi laøm xong, caàn
kieåm tra laïi coù thieáu moät trong hai yeáu toá ñoù khoâng.
II- Ñoäng töø trong caâu chuû ñoäng vaø bò ñoäng:
Tenses Examples
Simple
present
Lan cleans the floor every morning.
--> The floor is cleaned by Lan every morning.
Simple
past
Nam broke the glasses.
--> The glasses were broken by Nam.
Present
continuous
The pupil is not doing some exercises.
--> Some exercises are not being done by the pupil.
Past
continuous
Mother was cooking dinner at 6 yesterday.
--> Dinner was being cooked by mother at 6 yesterday.
Present
perfect
The secretary has just finished the report.
--> The report has just been finished by the secretary.
Past
perfect
The boy had found the key before 9 yesterday.
--> The key had been found by the boy before 9 yesterday.
Simple
future
Mr. Brown will not teach our class.
--> Our class will not be taught by Mr. Brown.
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Future
perfect
The students will have written many compositions.
--> Many compositions will have been written by the students.
Modal
verbs
a) The students must do this exercise in class.
--> This exercise must be done in class by the students.
b) We ought to overcome these difficulties.
--> These difficulties ought to be overcome.
III- Moät soá ñieåm caàn löu yù:
1) Caâu hoûi chuû ñoäng vaø bò ñoäng:
(A) Did your father make this chair?
---> (P) Was this chair made by your father?
(A) Who repaired your bicycle?
---> (P) Whom was your bicycle repaired by?
(By whom was your bicycle repaired?)
(A) What plays did Shakespeare write?
---> (P) What plays were written by Shakespeare?
2) Löôïc boû tuùc töø trong caâu bò ñoäng:
Neáu chuû töø trong caâu chuû ñoäng KHOÂNG chæ roõ laø ngöôøi hay vaät cuï theå, roõ
raøng (people, someone, every one, no one, any one, I, we, you, they, s/he, it) thì
khi ñoåi sang caâu bò ñoäng (by people /someone / every one / no one / any one /
me / us / you / them / her / him / it) coù theå ñöôïc boû ñi.
Ex: (A) People built that bridge in 1998.
---> (P) That bridge was built in 1998.
3) Ñoäng töø coù hai tuùc töø:
3.1 Ñoäng töø caàn giôùi töø TO: give, lend, send, show, …
(A) John will give me this book. (=John will give this book to me.)
---> (P1) I will be given this book by John.
---> (P2) This book will be given to me by John.
3.2 Ñoäng töø caàn giôùi töø FOR: buy, make, get, …
(A) He bought her a rose. (=He bought a rose for her.)
---> (P1) She was bought a rose.
---> (P2) A rose was bought for her.
4) Moät soá daïng bò ñoäng khaùc:
4.1 Caáu truùc They/People say/think/believe… that …
- (A) People say that Henry eats ten eggs a day.
---> (P1) It is said that Henry eats ten eggs a day.

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---> (P2) Henry is said to eat ten eggs a day.
- (A) They thought that Mary had gone away.
---> (P1) It was thought that Mary had gone away.
---> (P2) Mary was thought to have gone away.
4.2 Caáu truùc HAVE / GET + something + V3/ed
- (A) I had him repair my car.
---> (P) I had my car repaired (by him).
- (A) I get her to make some coffee.
---> (P) I get some coffee made (by her).
Time is gold.
Thôøi gian laø vaøng.
Baøi 3: SÖÏ HOAØ HÔÏP GIÖÕA CHUÛ TÖØ VAØ ÑOÄNG TÖØ
I- Nhöõng tröôøng hôïp ñoäng töø chia daïng soá ít:
Neáu chuû töø thuoäc caùc tröôøng hôïp sau thì ñoäng töø chia daïng soá ít.
1) Danh töø ñeám ñöôïc soá ít hoaëc danh töø khoâng ñeám ñöôïc:
- Mary lives in China.
- Milk is my favorite drink.
2) Danh töø taän cuøng baèng “S” mang nghóa soá ít:
news, mathematics (maths), economics, linguistics, politics, statistics,
physics, phonetics, aerobics, athletics, gymnastics, measles, mumps, rickets,
diabetes, the Philippines, the United States, …
- The news is interesting.
3) Ñaïi töø baát ñònh:
every/any/no/some + body/one/thing
- Someone is kbocking at the door.
4) Meänh ñeà baét ñaàu baèng THAT/WHAT/WHERE/WHEN… hoaëc cuïm töø
baét ñaàu baèng TO V/V-ing:
- That you get high marks does not surprise me.
- To master English is not easy.
- Growing flowers was her hobby when she was young.
5) Töø chæ thôøi gian, khoaûng caùch, tieàn baïc, ño löôøng, theå tích:
- Eight hours of sleep a day is enough.
- Five kilometers is not a long distance.
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- Twenty dollars is too much to pay for that stuff.
6) Töø ñònh löôïng + N mang nghóa soá ít:
- Each of the children has a toy.
- One of my friends is coming.
II- Nhöõng tröôøng hôïp ñoäng töø chia daïng soá nhieàu:
Neáu chuû töø thuoäc caùc tröôøng hôïp sau thì ñoäng töø chia daïng soá nhieàu.
1) Danh töø ñeám ñöôïc soá nhieàu:
- Engineers are key figures in our life.
2) Caùc danh töø khaùc nhau keát hôïp baèng AND:
- Scientists and engineers are very important.
3) Töø ñònh löôïng + N mang nghóa soá nhieàu:
- Most of the students here work very hard.
- Some books I read last week are written by a famous writer.
4) Danh töø luoân ôû daïng soá nhieàu:
people, police, cattle, poultry, military, goods, clothes, scissors, glasses,…
- The police have arrested the robbers.
- Sun glasses are used to protect your eyes from the sunlight.
* Chuù yù: A pair of scissors is helpful in this case.
5) The + Adj chæ danh töø soá nhieàu:
the rich/poor, the young/old/elderly, the homeless, the handicapped, the
blind/deaf/mute, the English/Chinese/Vietnamese,…
- The poor have many problems.
III- Nhöõng tröôøng hôïp caàn löu yù:
1) Khi caùc chuû töø ñöôïc noái vôùi nhau bôûi as well as, with, along with hoaëc
together with, ñoäng töø seõ hoaø hôïp vôùi chuû töø thöù nhaát.
- The students, as well as their teacher, have not come yet.
- The teacher, as well as his students, has not come yet.
2) Khi caùc chuû töø ñöôïc noái vôùi nhau bôûi either … or, neither … nor, hoaëc
not only … but also ñoäng töø seõ hoaø hôïp vôùi chuû töø gaàn nhaát.
- Neither she nor her friends have arrived.
- Not only the dogs but also the cat is mine.
3) A number of + N soá nhieàu – ñoäng töø soá nhieàu, The number of + N soá
nhieàu – ñoäng töø soá ít:
- A number of applicants have been interviewed. (Nhieàu)
- The number of days in a week is seven. (Soá löôïng)
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4) Chuû töø laø danh töø taäp hôïp:
family, class, crowd, group, club, association, company, team, …
4.1 Xem nhö MOÄT ÑÔN VÒ - ñoäng töø soá ít:
- My family has three members.
4.2 Ñeà caäp ñeán TÖØNG CAÙ NHAÂN - ñoäng töø soá nhieàu:
- My family were watching TV at 7 yesterday.
Health is better than wealth.
Söùc khoeû laø vaøng.
Baøi 4: CAÂU NOÙI TRÖÏC TIEÁP VAØ GIAÙN TIEÁP
I- Ñoäng töø töôøng thuaät ôû thì hieän taïi hoaëc töông lai:
Neáu ñoäng töø töôøng thuaät ôû thì HIEÄN TAÏI hoaëc TÖÔNG LAI, ta chæ ñoåi
NGOÂI nhö sau:
1) Ñoåi ngoâi thöù NHAÁT phuø hôïp vôùi CHUÛ TÖØ trong meänh ñeà chính
2) Ñoåi ngoâi thöù HAI phuø hôïp vôùi TUÙC TÖØ trong meänh ñeà chính
3) Ngoâi thöù BA khoâng ñoåi
Ex: He says to me, “I and you will go with her father tomorrow.”
---> He tells me (that) he and I will go with her father tomorrow.
* Chuù yù: say to ---> tell
II- Ñoäng töø töôøng thuaät ôû thì quaù khöù:
Neáu ñoäng töø töôøng thuaät ôû thì quaù khöù, ta ñoåi ba yeáu toá laø ngoâi, thì cuûa ñoäng
töø vaø traïng töø chæ thôøi gian vaø nôi choán.
1) Ngoâi: (nhö treân)
2) Thì cuûa ñoäng töø:
V1 ---> V2/ed
V2/ed ---> had + V3/ed
can ---> could
will ---> would
shall ---> should
may ---> might
must ---> had to
3) Traïng töø chæ thôøi gian vaø nôi choán:
today ---> that day
tonight ---> that night
now ---> then
ago ---> before
yesterday ---> the day before
last week ---> the week before
next week ---> the week after
tomorrow ---> the day after
this ---> that
these ---> those
here ---> there

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Ex: She said to me, “I met your brother yesterday.”
---> She told me that she had met my brother the day before.
III- Caùc daïng caâu töôøng thuaät:
1) Caâu khaúng ñònh vaø phuû ñònh:
Ñoäng töø töôøng thuaät thöôøng laø said/told.
Ex1: He said, “I have seen her today.”
---> He said (that) he had seen her that day.
Ex2: The teacher said to Peter, “The prize was not given to you.”
---> The teacher told Peter (that) the prize had not been given to him.
* Chuù yù: said to ---> told
2) Caâu hoûi:
Ñoäng töø töôøng thuaät thöôøng laø asked/wondered/wanted to know
(hoûi/töï hoûi/muoán bieát).
2.1 Y/N:
Ex1: She asked me, “Do you like him?”
---> She asked me if I liked him.
Ex2: He said, “Can you speak English, Nam?”
---> He asked Nam whether he could speak English.
2.2 WH-:
Ex1: He said, “What is her name?”
---> He asked what her name was.
Ex2: She said to him, “Where do you live?”
---> She asked him where he lived.
* Chuù yù traät töï cuûa S vaø V:
Caâu hoûi tröïc tieáp ---> Caâu hoûi giaùn tieáp
- Y/N: “V + S?” if/whether + S + V
- WH-: “WH- + V + S?” WH- + S + V
* said to ---> asked
3) Caâu meänh leänh:
Ñoäng töø töôøng thuaät thöôøng laø told/asked/ordered (baûo/yeâu caàu/ra leänh).
3.1 Khaúng ñònh:
Ex: The teacher said, “Go to the board, John.”
---> The teacher told John to go to the board.
3.2 Phuû ñònh:
Ex: Nam said to his friend, “Don’t shut the door.”

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---> Nam asked his friend not to shut the door.
Many a little makes a mickle.
Goùp gioù thaønh baõo.
Baøi 5: CAÂU ÑIEÀU KIEÄN VAØ CAÂU AO ÖÔÙC
I- Caâu ñieàu kieän:
1) Ba loaïi caâu ñieàu kieän:
1.1 Loaïi moät:
Dieãn taû ñieàu kieän COÙ THEÅ XAÛY RA ôû hieän taïi hoaëc töông lai.
Ex: If it rains heavily, I will stay at home.
1.2 Loaïi hai:
Dieãn taû ñieàu kieän KHOÂNG THEÅ XAÛY RA ôû hieän taïi hoaëc töông lai.
Ex1: I would buy a new bicycle if I had enough money.
(Hieän taïi toâi khoâng coù ñuû tieàn.)
Ex2: If I were a king, you would be a queen.
(Toâi khoâng theå laø vua.)
1.3 Loaïi ba:
Dieãn taû ñieàu kieän KHOÂNG THEÅ XAÛY RA ôû quaù khöù.
Ex: If John had worked harder, he wouldn’t have failed his exam.
(Söï thaät laø John ñaõ khoâng chaêm chæ vaø ñaõ thi rôùt.)
2) Toùm taét coâng thöùc:
Loaïi IF CLAUSE MAIN CLAUSE
1 V1(s/es) will/can/may… + V
2 V2/ed/WERE would/could/should… + V
3 had +V3/ed would/could/should…+ have + V3/ed
3) Nhöõng ñieåm caàn löu yù:
4.1 “If … not” coù theå ñöôïc thay baèng “UNLESS” (tröø phi):
Ex: We will be late if we don’t hurry.
---> We will be late unless we hurry.
Ex: If I have time, I’ll help you.
---> Unless I have time, I won’t help you.
4.2 Boû IF trong 3 loaïi caâu ñieàu kieän (phaûi coù ñaûo ngöõ vôùi
SHOULD/WERE/HAD):

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Ex: If it should be necessary, I will go.
---> Should it be necessary, I will go.
Ex: If I were rich, I would buy a new car.
---> Were I rich, I would buy a new car.
Ex: If you had asked me, I would have told you the answer.
---> Had you asked me, I would have told you the answer.
4.3 Moät soá töø/cuïm töø coù theå thay cho IF vôùi nghóa töông ñöông:
provided that/so(as) long as (mieãn laø)/in case (trong tröôøng hôïp)/on condition
that (vôùi ñieàu kieän)
Ex: You can borrow my book provided that you bring it back.
II- Caâu ao öôùc: WISH (öôùc)/IF ONLY(giaù maø)
1) Khoâng coù thaät ôû hieän taïi: V2/ed/WERE
- I wish Peter were here now. (He isn’t here now.)
- If only I had more money.
2) Khoâng coù thaät ôû töông lai: WOULD + V
- She wishes Tom would be here tomorrow.
- If only Tom would be here tomorrow.
3) Khoâng coù thaät ôû quaù khöù: HAD + V3/ed
- We wish she had passed her exam last year.
- If only you hadn’t told Peter about our plan.
Where there’s a will there’s a way.
Coù chí thì neân.
Baøi 6: SÖÏ ÑAÛO NGÖÕ
Moät soá töø/cuïm töø sau khi ñaët ñaàu caâu caàn ñaûo ngöõ:
1) Nhöõng traïng töø coù nghóa phuû ñònh hoaëc gaàn phuû ñònh:
never, no longer, nowhere else, rarely, seldom, little, not until
- He knows little about what she has done.
---> Little does he know about what she has done.
- She is not only beautiful, but she is also very intelligent.
---> Not only is she beautiful, but she is also very intelligent.
2) Caùc cuïm töø baét ñaàu baèng AT, IN, ON, UNDER:
- At no time was Tom aware of what was happening.
- In no circumstances would I agree such a proposal.

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3) Caâu dieàu kieän löôïc boû IF: (xem Baøi 5, I, 3.2)
- If anyone asks me, please tell them I will be away for a few days.
---> Should anyone ask me, please tell them I will be away for a few days.
- If I knew him better, I would give him advice.
---> Did I know him better, I would give him advice.
4) SO/SUCH:
- I am a student, so is she.
- The day was so hot that we had to stay indoors.
---> So hot was the day that we had to stay indoors.
- It is such a good book that I can’t put it down.
---> Such a good book is it that I can’t put it down.
5) ONLY when/after/by/then/if …
- Only after a year did I begin to see the results of my work.
- Only by working harder will you pass your final exam.
6) HARDLY/SCARCELY/BARELY … WHEN; NO SOONER … THAN:
- Hardly had I arrived home when I had a new problem.
- No sooner had she handed in her paper than she realized her careless
mistakes.
Necessity is the mother of invention.
Caùi khoù loù caùi khoân.
Baøi 7: TÖØ ÑÒNH LÖÔÏNG
VI- Töø chæ soá löôïng lôùn/nhoû:
1) A lot of, lots of, many, much: (nhieàu)
- A lot of, lots of + danh töø soá nhieàu/danh töø khoâng ñeám ñöôïc trong caâu
khaúng ñònh
Ex: He has a lot of / lots of friends here.
We need a lot of / lots of time to learn a foreign language.
- Many, much: duøng trong caâu phuû ñònh vaø nghi vaán.
MANY + danh töø soá nhieàu
MUCH + danh töø khoâng ñeám ñöôïc
Ex: There aren’t many people living here.
Does the newspaper have much information?
- Many, much sau VERY, SO, TOO, AS:

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Ex: Very many crimes go unreported.
We had so many exercises to do.
There is too much salt in the soup.
He hasn’t got as much patience as I thought.
2) A few, a little / few, little: (moät vaøi, moät ít / (raát) ít)
- A few, a little: duøng vôùi nghóa xaùc ñònh
A few + danh töø soá nhieàu
A little + danh töø khoâng ñeám ñöôïc
Ex: We’ve got a little bacon and a few eggs.
- Few, little: duøng vôùi nghóa phuû ñònh
Few + danh töø soá nhieàu
Little + danh töø khoâng ñeám ñöôïc
Ex: Few people can say that they always tell the truth.
There is little sugar in my coffee.
3) A large number of, a great deal of/a large amount of: (soá löôïng lôùn)
- A large numer of + danh töø soá nhieàu
Ex: He has a large number of English books.
* A number of + Ns + ñoäng töø soá nhieàu
The number of + Ns + ñoäng töø soá ít (xem ví duï Baøi 3, III,3)
- A great deal of + danh töø khoâng ñeám ñöôïc
Ex: A dishwasher uses a great deal of electricity.
VII- Töø chæ soá löôïng toaøn theå/boä phaän:
1) All, most, some, any, no:
- Vôùi danh töø ñeám ñöôïc soá nhieàu vaø khoâng ñeám ñöôïc:
Ex: All rabbits love green food. My brother likes all music.
Most students love football. Most pollution can be avoided.
I’ve just bought some books. Would you like some beer?
She didn’t have any friends. Have you got any wood?
We have no Sundays free. I have no time to talk to you.
* SOME duøng trong caâu khaúng ñònh vaø caâu hoûi.
ANY duøng trong caâu phuû ñònh vaø caâu hoûi.
- Vôùi caáu truùc OF + the/these/those/my/her/our… + N (ít/nhieàu)
Ex: Most of my students like English. Some of the food is delicious.
- Vôùi caáu truùc OF + ñaïi töø taân ngöõ (us/you/them/it)
Ex: Some of you have made careless mistakes in your tests.

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* Khoâng duøng caáu truùc NO OF + …
2) Every, each, both, either, neither:
- Every, each + N ñeám ñöôïc soá ít (haøm yù taát caû hoaëc moãi moät ngöôøi/vaät
trong nhoùm)
Ex: Every/Each room has a number.
I go for walk every day. (moãi ngaøy)
Each day seems to pass very slowly. (töøng ngaøy)
- Each of + the/these/those/my/her/our… + N soá nhieàu
Ex: Each of the students has a personal computer.
- Each of + ñaïi töø taân ngöõ (us/you/them)
Ex: Each of us has our own desk.
- Each ñöùng moät mình hoaëc ñi sau ñaïi töø
Ex: They gave us each an English book.
Each has an English book.
- Both, either, neither + N (ñi vôùi hai ngöôøi hoaëc hai vaät)
Ex: Both his parents are from Europe.
You can read either book. (one of 2 books)
Neither car is very economical to run. (2 cars)
- Both, either, neither + OF + the/these/those/my/her/our… + N soá nhieàu
Ex: Both of his parents are from Europe.
You can read either of the books.
Neither of the cars is/are very economical to run.
- Both, either, neither + OF + ñaïi töø taân ngöõ (us/you/them)
Ex: Both of us were tired.
Beauty is but skin-deep.
Caùi neát ñaùnh cheát caùi ñeïp.
Baøi 8: MEÄNH ÑEÀ TÍNH TÖØ VAØ MEÄNH ÑEÀ TRAÏNG TÖØ
VI- Meänh ñeà tính töø:
Meänh ñeà tính töø hay meänh ñeà quan heä ñöôïc ñaët sau danh töø noù phuï nghóa,
ñöôïc noái baèng caùc töø quan heä: WHO, WHOM, WHICH, THAT, WHOSE,
WHERE, WHY, WHEN.

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Ex: - The woman who/that is standing over there is my sister.
- I know the boy who(m)/that I spoke to.
- She works for a company which/that makes cars.
- The girl whose photo was in the paper lives in our street.
- John found a cat whose leg/the leg of which was broken.
- The hotel where we stayed wasn’t very clean.
- Tell me the reason why you are so sad.
- Do you remember the day when we first met?
1) Meänh ñeà quan heä haïn ñònh:
Duøng ñeå boå nghóa cho danh töø ñöùng tröôùc. Neáu boû ñi meänh ñeà chính seõ
khoâng roõ nghóa.
Ex: I saw the girl. She helped us last week.
---> I saw the girl who/that helped us last week.
2) Meänh ñeà quan heä khoâng haïn ñònh:
Duøng ñeå boå nghóa cho danh töø ñöùng tröôùc, laø phaàn giaûi thích theâm. Neáu boû
ñi meänh ñeà chính vaãn roõ nghóa. Meänh ñeà naøy thöôøng ñöôïc taùch khoûi meänh ñeà
chính baèng daáu phaåy “,”.
Ta duøng meänh ñeà quan heä khoâng haïn ñònh khi:
- Tröôùc danh töø quan heä coù: this/that/these/those/my/her/his/…
- Töø quan heä laø teân rieâng hoaëc danh töø rieâng.
Ex: My father is a doctor. He is fifty years old.
---> My father, who is fifty years old, is a doctor.
Mr Brown is a very nice teacher. We studied English with him.
---> Mr Brown, who(m) we studied English with, is a very nice teacher.
* LÖU YÙ: KHOÂNG duøng THAT trong meänh ñeà naøy.
Mr Brown, that we studied English with, is a very nice teacher.
3) Giôùi töø ñaët tröôùc meänh ñeà tính töø: (WHOM/WHICH)
Ex: The man speaks English very fast. I talked to him last night.
---> The man to whom I last night speaks English very fast.
DANH TÖØ CHUÛ TÖØ TUÙC TÖØ SÔÛ HÖÕU
Ngöôøi WHO/THAT WHO(M)/THAT WHOSE
Vaät/Ñ.vaät WHICH/THAT WHICH/THAT WHOSE/OF WHICH
Nôi choán WHERE
Lyù do WHY
Thôøi gian WHEN

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The house is for sale. I was born in it.
---> The house in which I was born is for sale.
* LÖU YÙ: KHOÂNG duøng THAT, WHO sau giôùi töø.
The house in that I was born is for sale.
4) Ñaïi töø quan heä THAT:
1.1 Nhöõng tröôøng hôïp thöôøng duøng THAT:
- Sau cuïm töø quan heä vöøa chæ ngöôøi vaø vaät:
Ex: He told me the places and people that he had seen in London.
- Sau ñaïi töø baát ñònh:
Ex: I’ll tell you something that is very interesting.
- Sau caùc tính töø so saùnh nhaát, ALL, EVERY, VERY, ONLY:
Ex: This is the most beautiful dress that I have.
All that is mine is yours.
You are the only person that can help us.
- Trong caáu truùc It + be + … + that … (chính laø …)
Ex: It is my friend that wrote this sentence.
(Chính laø baïn toâi ñaõ vieát caâu naøy.)
1.2 Nhöõng tröôøng hôïp khoâng duøng THAT:
- Trong meänh ñeà tính töø khoâng haïn ñònh (xem LÖU YÙ muïc 2))
- Sau giôùi töø (xem LÖU YÙ muïc 3))
5) OF WHICH / OF WHOM:
Ex: Daisy has three brothers. All of them are teachers.
---> Daisy has three brothers, all of whom are teachers.
He asked me a lot of questions. I couldn’t answer most of them.
---> He asked me a lot of questions, most of which I couldn’t answer.
6) Ruùt goïn meänh ñeà tính töø thaønh cuïm tính töø:
1.1 Duøng V-ing hoaëc boû BE:
Khi ñoäng töø chính trong meänh ñeà tính töø ôû theå CHUÛ ÑOÄNG hoaëc laø BE.
Ex: Those people who are taking photos over there come from Sweden.
---> Those people taking photos over there come from Sweden.
Fans who want to buy tickets started queuing early.
---> Fans wanting to buy tickets started queuing early.
The books which are on that shelf are mine.
---> The books on that shelf are mine.
1.2 Duøng V3/ed:

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Khi ñoäng töø chính trong meänh ñeà tính töø ôû theå BÒ ÑOÄNG.
Ex: The books which were written by To Hoai are interesting.
---> The books written by To Hoai are interesting.
Most students who were punished last week are lazy.
---> Most students punished last week are lazy.
1.3 Duøng (FOR + O) TO V:
Ex: This is the hotel where we can stay.
---> This is the hotel (for us) to stay.
VII- Meänh ñeà traïng töø:
1) Meänh ñeà traïng töø chæ nôi choán:
where (nôi, choã) hoaëc wherever (baát cöù nôi naøo)
Ex: He told me where he had seen the money.
I will go wherever you go.
2) Meänh ñeà traïng töø chæ theå caùch:
as (nhö), as if/as though (nhö theå)
Ex: We should do as our teacher tells us.
She looks as if she’s going to cry.
* Söï vieäc khoâng coù thaät ôû hieän taïi
as if/as though + S + WERE/V2/ed
Ex: He looked at me as if I were mad.
* Söï vieäc khoâng coù thaät ôû quaù khöù
as if/as though + S + had + V3/ed
Ex: He ran as if he had seen a ghost.
3) Meänh ñeà traïng töø chæ nguyeân nhaân / lyù do:
because, since, as (bôûi vì)
Ex: She sold the car because she needed some money.
* So saùnh because vaø because of:
BECAUSE + S + V BECAUSE OF + V-ing/N/N phrase
Ex: I’m late because I’m sick. I’m late because of being sick.
I’m late because of my sickness.
4) Meänh ñeà traïng töø chæ muïc ñích:
so that/in order that (ñeå) + S + (can/could) + V
Ex: She wants to stay here so that she can perfect her English.
5) Meänh ñeà traïng töø chæ thôøi gian:

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when (khi), as (khi/trong khi), while (trong khi), after (sau khi), before
(tröôùc khi), until/till (cho tôùi khi), since (töø khi), as soon as (ngay khi),
whenever (baát cöù khi naøo), no sooner … than/ hardly … when (vöøa môùi … thì)
Ex: When it rains, I usually go to school by bus.
We should do a good deed whenever we can.
* Ñaûo ngöõ vôùi no sooner … than/ hardly … when (xem Baøi 1, III, 3)
* KHOÂNG duøng thì TÖÔNG LAI trong meänh traïng töø chæ thôøi gian.
I’ll tell you the news when I will come.
* Thì cuûa ñoäng töø trong MÑ chính vaø MÑ traïng töø chæ thôøi gian:
Meänh ñeà chính Meänh traïng töø chæ thôøi gian
- Present - Present
- Past - Past
- Future - Present
6) Meänh ñeà traïng töø chæ keát quaû:
- so + adj/adv + that … (quaù … ñeán noãi …)
Ex: The coffee is so hot that I can’t drink it.
- such (+ a(n)) + adj + Noun + that … (quaù … ñeán noãi …)
Ex: It was such a hot day that we stopped playing.
They are such interesting books that I want to buy them all.
- so + many/much/few/little + Noun + that … (quaù nhieàu/ít…ñeán noãi…)
Ex: There are so many people in the room that I feel tired.
7) Meänh ñeà traïng töø chæ söï nhöôïng boä:
though/although/even though (maëc duø) + S + V
Ex: Though he looks ill, he is really strong.
* LÖU YÙ:
- in spite of/despite (maëc duø) + V-ing/N/N phrase
Ex: In spite of having little money, they always enloy themselves.
(Although they have little money, they always enloy themselves.)
- in spite of/despite + the fact that (maëc duø) + S + V
Ex: Despite the fact that they have little money, they’re always happy.
- no matter where = wherever (duø baát cöù ñaâu)
Ex: No matter where you go, you need to have friends.
Diligence is the mother of success.
Coù coâng maøi saét coù ngaøy neân kim

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Baøi 9: DANH ÑOÄNG TÖØ VAØ ÑOÄNG TÖØ NGUYEÂN MAÃU COÙ “TO”
I- DANH ÑOÄNG TÖØ: (Gerund)
Ex: She enjoys listening to music.
V + V-ing (Gerund)
Moät soá töø/ñoäng töø sau ñaây caàn coù V-ing theo sau:
* enjoy (thích, thöôûng thöùc), finish (hoaøn thaønh), postpone (trì hoaõn),
avoid (traùnh), keep (vaãn coøn), practise (thöïc haønh), miss (boû lôõ), be/get used to
(quen vôùi), spend (tieâu xaøi, traûi qua), allow/permit (cho pheùp), advise (khuyeân),
recommend (ñeà nghò, khuyeân baûo), give up (töø boû, ñaàu haøng), suggest (ñeà nghò),
deny (töø choái), consider (xem xeùt), quit (rôøi boû), dislike (khoâng thích), like
(thích), can’t help (khoâng theå khoâng), …
* it’s no use/good (khoâng lôïi ích gì), would you mind (baïn coù phieàn)
* worth (ñaùng, ñaùng ñöôïc), busy (baän roän)
II- ÑOÄNG TÖØ NGUYEÂN MAÃU COÙ “TO”:
Ex: I want to learn English well.
V + TO V
Moät soá ñoäng töø sau ñaây caàn coù to V theo sau:
want (muoán), expect (mong chôø, kyø voïng), refuse (töø choái), hope (hy
voïng), decide (quyeát ñònh), agree (ñoàng yù), plan (döï ñònh), would like (muoán),
like (muoán), fail (thaát baïi, hoûng), learn (hoïc), afford (coù ñuû khaû naêng/ñieàu kieän),
manage (xoay sôû), choose (choïn löïa), demand (ñoøi hoûi, yeâu caàu), prepare
(chuaån bò), pretend (giaû boä), promise (höùa), seek (tìm kieám), threaten (ñe doaï),
train (ñaøo taïo, huaán luyeän), wish (ao öôùc), …
III- TO INFINITIVE OR GERUND?
1) Moät soá ñoäng töø coù V-ing hoaëc TO V theo sau khoâng laøm thay ñoåi nghóa:
begin/start (baét ñaàu), continue (tieáp tuïc), hate (gheùt), can’t bear (khoâng
chòu ñöôïc), intend (döï ñònh), love (yeâu thöông), prefer (thích…hôn), hesitate (do
döï), …
2) Moät soá ñoäng töø coù V-ing hoaëc TO V theo sau laøm thay ñoåi nghóa:
- stop + to V: döøng laïi ñeå laøm
Ex: I stop to eat lunch.
(Toâi döøng laïi ñeå aên tröa.)
- stop + V-ing: döøng haønh ñoäng ñang laøm
Ex: You should stop smoking.
(Baïn neân boû huùt thuoác.)

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- try + to V: coá gaéng
Ex: He tries to get ten marks.
(Anh ta coá gaéng ñaït möôøi ñieåm.)
- try + V-ing: thöû
Ex: She tried writing with her left hand.
(Coâ ta thöû vieát baèng tay traùi.)
- need + to V: caàn (nghóa chuû ñoäng)
Ex: They need to work harder.
(Hoï caàn laøm vieäc chaêm chæ hôn.)
- need + V-ing: caàn ñöôïc (nghóa bò ñoäng)
Ex: This room needs cleaning.
(Caên phoøng naøy caàn lau chuøi.)
- remember/forget + to V: nhôù/queân laøm ñieàu gì (chöa xaûy ra)
Ex: Remember to post the letter when you get to the post office.
(Nhôù gôûi laù thö khi baïn ñeán böu ñieän.)
- remember/forget + V-ing: nhôù/queân ñaõ laøm ñieàu gì (ñaõ xaûy ra)
Ex: I will never forget seeing you here last year.
(Toâi seõ khoâng bao giôø queân gaëp baïn taïi ñaây vaøo naêm roài.)
- regret + to V: tieác phaûi laøm ñieàu gì (haønh ñoäng saép xaûy ra)
Ex: I regret to tell you that you failed the exam.
(Toâi laáy laøm tieác baùo cho anh hay anh ñaõ thi hoûng.)
- regret + V-ing: tieác ñaõ laøm ñieàu gì (haønh ñoäng ñaõ xaûy ra)
Ex: She regretted going to New York for holiday.
(Coâ aáy tieác ñaõ ñi nghæ ôû New York.)
* LÖU YÙ: Caáu truùc S + V + O + TO V vaø S + LET/MAKE + O + V
Ex: I permit you to go out tonight. They let me visit my parents.
Make haste slowly
Duïc toác baát ñaït
Baøi 10: TÖØ LOAÏI
I- Danh töø:
1) Danh töø ñeám ñöôïc:
1.1 Hình thöùc soá ít: a/an + N
- “a” ñöùng tröôùc danh töø soá ít baét ñaàu baèng moät phuï aâm.

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Ex: a book, a pen, …
- “an” ñöùng tröôùc danh töø soá ít baét ñaàu baèng moät nguyeân aâm.
Ex: an apple, an orange, an egg, an umbrella, an island, …
1.2 Hình thöùc soá nhieàu:
1.2.1 Hôïp quy taéc: Ns/es
Ex: books, pens, boxes
1.2.2 Baát quy taéc:
Soá ít Soá nhieàu Soá ít Soá nhieàu
a man men a foot feet
a woman women a tooth teeth
a child children a bacterium bacteria
a person people a curriculum curricula
a mouse mice a datum data
a louse lice a criterion criteria
a goose geese a phenomenon phenomena
1.2.3 Danh töø luoân coù hình thöùc vaø mang nghóa soá nhieàu:
clothes, scissors, spectacles, shorts, pants, jeans, trousers, pyjamas,
binoculars, belongings, …
1.2.4 Danh töø soá ít vaø soá nhieàu coù hình thöùc gioáng nhau:
sheep, deer, aircraft, craft, fish, …
1.2.5 Danh töø luoân mang nghóa soá nhieàu: (xem Baøi 3, II, 4)
police, cattle, people, …
1.2.6 Danh töø coù hình thöùc soá nhieàu nhöng mang nghóa soá ít:
news, mathematics, the United States, … (xem Baøi 3, I, 2)
2) Danh töø khoâng ñeám ñöôïc:
Laø nhöõng thöù ta khoâng theå ñeám ñöôïc tröïc tieáp (moät, hai, ba, …) nhö milk,
water, rice, sugar, butter, salt, bread, news, information, advice, luggage, health,
knowledge, equipment, iron, paper, glass, … (one milk, two milk)
* Chuù yù:
- Khoâng coù hình thöùc soá nhieàu (s/es)
- Khoâng duøng vôùi a/an/one/two…
- Coù theå ñi vôùi töø chæ dôn vò ñònh löôïng + of:
a bottle of milk, two litters of water, a loaf of bread, three sheets of paper,
four pieces of chalk, a bar of chocolate, a gallon of petrol, …
3) Danh töø vöøa ñeám ñöôïc vöøa khoâng ñeám ñöôïc:

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Moät soá danh töø trong tröôøng hôïp naøy laø ñeám ñöôïc nhöng trong tröôøng hôïp
khaùc laïi khoâng ñeám ñöôïc.
Ñeám ñöôïc Khoâng ñeám ñöôïc
a glass (moät caùi li) glass (thuûy tinh)
two papers (hai tôø baùo) paper (giaáy)
three coffees (ba taùch caø pheâ) coffee (caø pheâ)
two sugars (hai muoãng ñöông) sugar (ñöôøng)
II- Tính töø:
2) Vò trí cuûa tính töø:
6.1 Tröôùc danh töø:
Ex: She is a beautiful girl.
6.2 Sau danh töø:
g) Chæ söï ño löôøng, tuoåi taùc:
Ex: This table is two meters long.
He’s twenty years old.
h) Tính töø coù tieáp ñaàu ngöõ “a”:
asleep (ñang nguû), ablaze (buøng chaùy), alight (böøng saùng), awake
(thöùc), alive (coøn soáng), alike (gioáng nhau), afloat (noåi), …
Ex: I saw my son asleep on the floor.
i) Tính töø boå ngöõ cho tuùc töø:
Ex: We should keep our room clean.
6.3 Sau Linking verbs:
be, become, feel, look, taste, sound, smell, seem, get, turn, appear
Ex: It becomes hot today.
6.4 Sau ñaïi töø baát ñònh:
something, someone/body, anything, anyone/body, everything,
everyone/body, nothing, no one, nobody
Ex: Do you have anything important to tell me?
6.5 Sau traïng töø:
Ex: Your story is very interesting.
3) Traät töï cuûa caùc tính töø tröôùc danh töø:

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TÍNH TÖØ
YÙ KIEÁN SÖÏ THAÄT
Kích
thöôùc
Tuoåi Hình
daïng
Maøu saéc Quoác
tòch/nôi
choán
Chaát
lieäu
nice,
good, bad,
ugly,
beautiful big,
small,
tall
old,
young
fat, thin,
round
white,
black
Vietnamese,
English,
French
wooden,
golden
Ex: A beautiful tall thin Vietnamese girl is standing over there.
4) Tính töø duøng nhö danh töø: (xem theâm Baøi 3, II, 5)
THE + ADJ ---> NOUN
the poor, the rich, the blind, the deaf, the old, the handicapped, the sick, the
strong, the weak, the hungry, the disadvantaged, the unemployed, the disabled,
the living, the dead, the young, the middle-aged
Ex: The rich should help the poor.
5) Phaân töø duøng nhö tính töø:
Tính töø taän cuøng baèng
–ING –ED –ING –ED
amazing amazed exciting excited
amusing amused frightening frightened
boring bored interesting interested
confusing confused pleasing pleased
depressing depressed relaxing relaxed
deserving deserved satisfying satisfied
disappointing disappointed shocking shocked
distinguishing distinguished surprising surprised
encouraging encouraged tiring tired
1.1 Hình thöùc hieän taïi phaân töø (-ING):
Dieãn taû nhaän thöùc cuûa ngöôøi noùi veà ngöôøi/vieäc gì ñoù.
Ex: That film is interesting. (Boä phim ñoù hay.)
(Ngöôøi xem nhaän thaáy boä phim hay.)
He is boring. He always talks about the same things.
(Haén ta chaùn thaät. Haén luoân baøn veà nhöõng thöù gioáng nhau.)
(Ngöôøi nghe nhaän thaáy haén ta chaùn.)
1.2 Hình thöùc quaù khöù phaân töø (-ED):

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Dieãn taû caûm giaùc cuûa ngöôøi noùi do ngöôøi/vieäc gì ñoù ñem laïi.
Ex: I am confused about the question. (Toâi bò boái roái veà caâu hoûi.)
(Caâu hoûi laøm toâi boái roái.)
III- Traïng töø:
1) Phaân loaïi traïng töø:
4.1 Traïng töø chæ theå caùch:
- Cho ta bieát moät haønh ñoäng ñöôïc thöïc hieän nhö theá naøo ñeå traû lôøi cho caâu
hoûi HOW?
- Caùch thaønh laäp:ADJ + LY (moät caùch …)
angrily giaän giöõ
anxiously lo laéng
badly dôû, teä
beautifully (haùt/muùa) hay
brightly töôi saùng
carefully caån thaän
cleverly kheùo leùo, khoân
colorfully saëc sôõ
continuously lieân tieáp
easily deã daøng
fluently troâi chaûy
happily haïnh phuùc
heavily naëng neà
loudly aàm æ, inh oûi
nervously hoài hoäp
peacefully hoaø bình
politely lòch söï, leã pheùp
quickly nhanh nheïn
quietly yeân tónh
rapidly nhanh choùng
safely an toaøn
sensibly hôïp lyù
seriously nghieâm tuùc
silently im laëng
skillfully kheùo tay
slowly chaäm chaïp
specially ñaëc bieät
stupidly ngu ngoác
successfully thaønh coâng
warmly aám aùp
* LÖU YÙ:
- fast (nhanh), early (sôùm), late (treã), hard (chaêm chæ) vöøa laø tính töø vöøa laø
traïng töø.
Tính töø Traïng töø
Jack is a very fast runner. Jack can run very fast.
Ann is hard worker. Ann works hard. (hardly)
The train was late. I got up late this morning.
- Phaân bieät:

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late (treã) lately (gaàn ñaây) (= recently)
You come home late today. He hasn’t been to the cinema lately.
(Hoâm nay con veà treã.) (Gaàn ñaây anh ta khoâng ñi xem phim.)
hard (chaêm chæ) hardly (haàu nhö khoâng)
I’ve worked very hard. She’s hardly got any money left.
(Toâi laøm vieäc raát chaêm.) (Coâ aáy haàu nhö khoâng coøn tieàn.)
- Moät soá tính töø taän cuøng –LY:
friendly (thaân thieän), lovely (deã thöông), lively (soáng ñoäng), ugly (xaáu xí),
silly (ngôù ngaån). Nhöõng töø naøy khoâng phaûi laø traïng töø, neân ta duøng “in a
……way/manner” thay cho traïng töø.
Ex: She spoke to me in a friendly way/manner.
(Coâ ta noùi chuyeän vôùi toâi moät caùch thaân thieän.)
4.2 Traïng töø chæ thôøi gian:
Cho bieát söï vieäc xaûy ra luùc naøo ñeå traû lôøi cho caâu hoûi WHEN?
now, today, yesterday, tomorrow, last year, then, still, no longer, already,
immediately, just, soon, finally, recently, lately, at once, 2 months later/after, …
Ex: I’m leaving for Hanoi tomorrow.
4.3 Traïng töø chæ nôi choán:
Cho bieát söï vieäc xaûy ra ôû ñaâu ñeå traû lôøi cho caâu hoûi WHERE?
here, there, somewhere, outside, inside, upstairs, downstairs, everywhere,
in Paris, at the supermarket, …
Ex: Tom is standing there.
4.4 Traïng töø chæ söï thöôøng xuyeân:
Cho bieát haønh ñoäng xaûy ra thöôøng xuyeân nhö theá naøo ñeå traû lôøi cho caâu
hoûi HOW OFTEN?
never, rarely, seldom, sometimes, usually, frequently, occasionally, often,
always, once/twice a week, every day, daily, weekly, monthly, …
Ex: I often get up at 5 in the morning.
4.5 Traïng töø chæ möùc ñoä:
Cho bieát haønh ñoäng, tính chaát cuûa söï vieäc dieãn ra ñeán möùc naøo.
very, too, so, quite, rather, extremely, absolutely, terribly, completely,
really, pretty, fairly, entirely, hardly, scarcely, somewhat, enough,…
Ex: I come here quite often.

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2) Vò trí cuûa traïng töø:
2.1 Ñaàu caâu:
Ex: Where are you going?
2.2 Giöõa caâu:
2.2.1 Tröôùc ñoäng töø thöôøng:
Ex: They often play football after class.
2.2.2 Sau ñoäng töø TO BE, trôï ñoäng töø hoaëc ñoäng töø khieám khuyeát:
Ex: Our teacher is still sick.
She doesn’t often go with him.
He can seldom find time for reading.
2.3 Cuoái caâu:
Ex: You sang that song well.
3) Traät töï cuûa caùc traïng töø:
Traät töï cuûa caùc traïng töø trong caâu thöôøng nhö sau:
Nôi choán Möùc ñoä Theå caùch
Thöôøng
xuyeân
Thôøi gian
He walked to the church very slowly twice last Sunday.
* Chuù yù:
Traät töï treân coù theå thay ñoåi tuyø vaøo muïc ñích nhaán maïnh cuûa ngöôøi noùi/vieát.
4) Chöùc naêng cô baûn cuûa traïng töø:
Boå nghóa cho Ví duï*
1) Ñoäng töø They danced beautifully.
2) Tính töø She is very lovely.
3) Traïng töø khaùc He studied extremely hard.
4) Caû caâu Fortunately, he was not injured in that accident.
* Phaàn in ñaäm, gaïch döôùi boå nghóa cho phaàn in nghieâng.
IV- Giôùi töø:
1) Phaân loaïi giôùi töø:
1.1 Giôùi töø chæ nôi choán: IN, ON, AT
a) IN (trong): ñöôïc duøng
- Chæ moät ngöôøi hoaëc vaät ôû trong moät nôi naøo ñoù.
in a box / room / building / park / garden / bag / pocket / kitchen / cinema /
restaurant / book / lesson / newspaper / picture / pool / sea / river/ water / sky /
world / queue / row / line …

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Ex: My mother is cooking in the kitchen.
- Vôùi phöông tieän xe hôi, taxi hoaëc ñöôøng phoá.
in a car / taxi, in/on the street
Ex: Peter arrived at the party in a taxi.
They live in Hung Vuong Street.
- Vôùi danh töø khoâng coù maïo töø ñeå dieãn taû moät ngöôøi ñang ôû taïi ñoù.
in bed / hospital / prison
Ex: Tom hasn’t got up yet. He’s still in bed.
- Tröôùc caùc ñaát nöôùc, thaønh phoá, phöông höôùng.
in Vietnam / England / France / Hanoi / London / Paris / the east / west /
south / north
Ex: Ho Chi Minh City is in the south of Vietnam.
- Ñeå taïo thaønh cuïm töø chæ nôi choán.
in the front/back of (a car/room/theater …), in the middle of (the room …)
Ex: I was in the back of the car when the accident happened.
There’s a computer in the middle of the room.
b) ON (treân): ñöôïc duøng
- Chæ vò trí beân treân vaø tieáp xuùc vôùi beà maët cuûa moät vaät gì ñoù.
on the door / floor / wall / ceiling / river / beach / coast …
on/in the street, on a page
Ex: I sat on the beach.
They live on Wall Street.
The picture you’re looking for is on page 7.
- Vôùi phöông tieän ñi laïi coâng coäng hoaëc caù nhaân (xe ñaïp, honda).
on a bus/train/ship/plane/bycicle/motorbike/horse
Ex: There were too many people on the bus.
Mary passed me on her bycicle.
- Ñeå taïo thaønh cuïm töø chæ nôi choán.
on the right / left, on horseback, on the way to (school …)
on the back/front of (the envelope/paper …)
on top of (the wardrobe …)
on/at the corner of a street
Ex: In Britain people drive on the left.
Write your name on the front of the envelope.

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c) AT (ôû): ñöôïc duøng
- Ñeå dieãn taû moät vò trí ñöôïc xaùc ñònh trong khoâng gian hoaëc soá nhaø.
at the door / bus stop / traffic lights / party / meeting / desk …
at 69 Tran Hung Dao Street
Ex: Someone is standing at the door.
She lives at 69 Tran Hung Dao Street.
- Ñeå taïo thaønh cuïm töø chæ nôi choán.
at home / school / college / university / work …
at the top/bottom of (the page …)
at the end of (the street …)
at the front/back of (the line …)
at/on the corner of the street
Ex: Peter’s house is at the end of the street.
The garden is at the back of the building.
1.2 Giôùi töø chæ thôøi gian: IN, ON, AT
a) IN: ñöôïc duøng
- Ñeå chæ buoåi trong ngaøy noùi chung, thaùng, naêm, muøa, thaäp nieân, theá kyû,
thieân nieân kyû.
in the morning / afternoon / evening
in February, in 1999
in (the) spring / summer / autumn / winter
in the 1990s, in the 21st
century, in the 3rd
millennium
- Trong moät soá cuïm töø ñeå chæ moät khoaûng thôøi gian trong töông lai.
in a few minutes, in an hour, in a day / week / month …
Ex: Daisy has gone away. She’ll be back in a week.
(Daisy ñaõ ñi khoûi. Coâ aáy seõ trôû veà trong moät tuaàn.)
- Trong cuïm töø in the end vôùi nghóa cuoái cuøng (finally, at last), in time vôùi
nghóa kòp luùc.
Ex: Peter got very angry. In the end, he walked out of the room.
(Peter raát giaän. Cuoái cuøng, noù ra khoûi phoøng.)
Will you be home in time for dinner?
(Baïn seõ veà nhaø kòp giôø aên toái?)
* Chuù yù: on time (ñuùng giôø)
b) ON: ñöôïc duøng
- Ñeå chæ thöù trong tuaàn, ngaøy trong thaùng.

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on Monday, on 5th
March, on this/that day
Ex: I was born on 27th
June, 1983.
- Ñeå chæ buoåi trong ngaøy cuï theå hoaëc moät ngaøy cuï theå.
on Friday morning / Christmas Day / New Year’s Day / my birthday
Ex: See you on Friday morning.
c) AT: ñöôïc duøng
- Ñeå chæ thôøi gian, caùc böõa aên trong ngaøy.
at 5 a.m., at sunrise / sunset / dawn / noon / twilight / night / midnight
at breakfast / lunch / dinner / supper
Ex: I get up at 5 o’clock every morning.
- Ñeå chæ moät dòp leã hoäi, moät thôøi khaéc naøo ñoù.
at/on the weekend, at Christmas / Easter
at present / the moment / the same time / this (that) time
Ex: Mr. Brown is busy at the moment.
- Ñeå taïo thaønh caùc cuïm giôùi töø.
at the end/beginning of, at the age of, at first/last
Ex: He came to live in London at the age of 25.
* LÖU YÙ:
KHOÂNG duøng IN, ON, AT tröôùc all, every, this month/year, next, last,
tomorrow, yesterday, today.
Ex: He has worked hard all morning. (in all morning)
I hope to see you next Friday. (on next Friday)
* Caùc giôùi töø chæ thôøi gian khaùc:
FROM … TO/UNTIL/TILL (töø … ñeán) (= BETWEEN … AND)
Ex: Every morning he plays tennis from 6 to 7.
(Every morning he plays tennis between 6 and 7.)
SINCE (töø khi - moác thôøi gian)
Ex: I’ve been waiting for her since 5pm.
FOR (khoaûng)
Ex: He has lived in Paris for three months.
DURING (trong suoát)
Ex: You have to be quiet during the performance.
UNTIL/TILL (cho tôùi khi)
Ex: She’ll be here until Thursday.
BY (vaøo khoaûng - tröôùc hoaëc ñeán moät thôøi ñieåm naøo ñoù)

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Ex: You must be home by 9.
BEFORE (tröôùc luùc) / AFTER (sau khi)
Ex: Come and see me before / after lunch.
2) Giôùi töø theo sau tính töø:
1.1 Adj + TO
acceptable: coù theå chaáp nhaän
accustomed: quen
agreeable: coù theå ñoàng yù
applicable: coù theå öùng duïng
appropriate: thích hôïp
contrary: traùi vôùi
dedicated: hieán daâng
essential: caàn thieát
friendly (to/with): thaân thieän
generous: haøo phoùng
harmful: coù haïi
important: quan troïng
kind: töû teá
known: ñöôïc bieát ñeán
likely: coù khaû naêng/coù theå thích hôïp
loyal: trung thaønh
lucky: may maén
married: keát hoân
open: môû
pleasant: vui
pleasing: laøm vui loøng
polite: lòch söï
preferable: thích hôn
related: lieân quan
rude: thoâ loã
similar: gioáng
strange: xa laï
subject: deã bò, khoù traùnh
true: trung thaønh
1.2 Adj + OF
afraid: sôï
aware: yù thöùc
boastful: khoe khoang
capable: coù khaû naêng
careful(of/with/about): caån thaän
careless: baát caån
certain: chaéc chaén
confident: tin
desirous: khao khaùt
fond: thích
forgetful: queân
full: ñaày
glad: vui möøng
innocent: voâ toäi
jealous: ghen tò
proud: töï haøo
sure(of/about): chaéc chaén
thoughtful: chu ñaùo, aân caàn
Sthoughtless: khoâng chu ñaùo, aân caàn
tolerant: khoan dung
worthy: xöùng ñaùng
1.3 Adj + FOR
anxious(for/about): lo aâu
appropriate: thích hôïp
available: coù theå duøng ñöôïc
difficult: khoù

34. Ngöõ phaùp tieáng Anh THPT Nguyeãn Ñaëng Hoaøng Duy
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eager: haùo höùc, haêm hôû
enough: ñuû
famous: noåi tieáng
good (for health/so.): toát
grateful (for s.th.): bieát ôn
late: treã
necessary: caàn thieát
perfect: hoaøn haûo
responsible: coù traùch nhieäm
sorry: laáy laøm thöông haïi
sufficent: ñaày ñuû
suitable(for/to): thích hôïp
useful: coù lôïi ích
1.4 Adj + AT
amazed(at/by): ngaïc nhieân
angry (at/with s.o./to s.th.): giaän giöõ
annoyed(at/by): böïc mình
astonished(at/by): ngaïc nhieân
bad(at s.th.): dôû
clever: thoâng minh
excellent: xuaát saéc
good (at s.th.): gioûi
hopeless: voâ voïng
present: coù maët
quick: nhanh
skilful: coù naêng khieáu
1.5 Adj + WITH
acquainted: quen
annoyed: giaän
bored / fed up: chaùn
covered: bao phuû
crowded: ñoâng
disappointed: thaát voïng
pleased: haøi loøng
popular: noåi tieáng
satisfied: thoaû maõn
1.6 Adj + IN
honest: löông thieän
interested: thích thuù
proficient (at/in): thaønh thaïo
rich: giaøu
successful: thaønh coâng
weak: yeáu keùm
1.7 Adj + FROM
absent: vaéng
different: khaùc
distinct: khaùc bieät
free: ñöôïc mieãn
safe: an toaøn
separate: rieâng leû
1.8 Adj + ABOUT
confused: boái roái
curious: toø moø, hieáu kyø
enthusiastic: nhieät tình
excited: höùng thuù
happy: vui veû
sad: buoàn
serious: ñöùng ñaén, nghieâm tuùc
worried: boàn choàn, lo laéng
2) Giôùi töø theo sau ñoäng töø:

35. Ngöõ phaùp tieáng Anh THPT Nguyeãn Ñaëng Hoaøng Duy
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accuse … of: buoäc toäi
apologise to … for: xin loãi
apologize for: xin loãi veà
apply for: noäp ñôn xin vieäc
arrive in/at: ñeán (nôi)
ask … for: hoûi … cho
believe in: tin töôûng vaøo
belong to: thuoäc veà
blame … for: ñoå loãi
borrow … from: möôïn
care about: quan taâm veà
care for: chaêm soùc/thích/yeâu caàu
charge … with: phaït
come across: tình côø gaëp
complain to … about: than phieàn
concentrate on: taäp trung
congratulate … on: chuùc möøng
consist of: bao goàm
crash into: va chaïm vaøo
deal with: giaûi quyeát
decide on: quyeát ñònh veà
depend on: thuoäc vaøo
die of: cheát vì
divide into: chia (ra)
dream of / about: mô veà
escape from: thoaùt khoûi
explain … to: giaûi thích
feel like: caûm thaáy nhö
happen to: xaûy ñeán
hear about/from/of: nghe veà
hope for: hi voïng veà
insist on: khaêng khaêng
invite … to: môøi
laugh/smile at: cöôøi vaøo
leave … for: rôøi … ñeå ñeán
listen to: nghe
live on: soáng nhôø vaøo
look after: chaêm soùc
look around: nhìn quanh
look at: nhìn
look back on: nhìn veà quaù khöù
look down on: khinh reû
look for: tìm
look forward to: mong ñôïi
look into: ñieàu tra
object to: phaûn ñoái
participate in: tham gia vaøo
pay for: traû tieàn cho
point / aim at: chæ … vaøo
prefer … to: thích … hôn
prepare for: chuaån bò
provide … with: cung caáp
regard … as: coi … nhö
rely … on: döïa vaøo
remind … of: nhaéc nhôû
result from: do bôûi
result in: gaây ra
run into: tình côø gaëp
search for: tìm kieám
send for: cho môøi (ai) ñeán
shout at: la, heùt
speak/talk to: noùi vôùi
spend … on: chi tieâu … cho
succeed in: thaønh coâng veà
suffer from: ñau, chòu ñöïng
take after: gioáng
think about / of: nghó veà
throw … at: neùm … vaøo
translate … from … into:dòch…töø…sang
wait for: chôø
warn … about: caûnh baùo … veà
write to: vieát thö cho

36. Ngöõ phaùp tieáng Anh THPT Nguyeãn Ñaëng Hoaøng Duy
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* LÖU YÙ: Ñoäng töø hai chöõ ñi vôùi GO
go after: ñuoåi theo, theo sau
go ahead: tieán haønh, thaúng tieán
go along: tieán trieån
go away: ñi khoûi
go back: trôû veà
go by: (thôøi gian) troâi qua
go down: (giaù caû) giaûm (# go up)
go off: chaùy, noå
go on: xaûy ra, dieãn ra, tieáp tuïc
go out: taét, bò daëp taét
go over: xem xeùt, kieåm tra kyõ
go with: hôïp vôùi
4) V + N + Giôùi töø:
catch sight of: thoaùng thaáy
give place to: daønh choã cho
give way to: nhöôïng boä
keep pace with: theo kòp
lose sight of: maát huùt
lose touch with: maát lieân laïc vôùi
lose track of: queân maát
make allowance for: chieáu coá ñeán
make fun of: choïc gheïo, cheá nhaïo
make a fuss over/about: laøm loän xoän
make room for: nhöôøng choã cho
make use of: söû duïng, taän duïng
pay attention to: chuù yù ñeán
put a stop to: chaám döùt
put an end to: chaám döùt
set fire to: laøm chaùy, ñoát
take account of: tính ñeán
take advantage of: lôïi duïng,taän duïng
take care of: chaêm soùc
take note of: ghi chuù, ghi nhaän
take notice of: löu yù, ñeå yù
Better than never.
Thaø muoän coøn hôn khoâng
Baøi 11: SO SAÙNH TÍNH TÖØ VAØ TRAÏNG TÖØ
I- So saùnh baèng:
1) Caâu khaúng ñònh: as + adj/adv + as (baèng/nhö)
Ex: I’m as tall as Tom.
(Toâi cao baèng Tom.)
John works as hard as his father.
(John laøm vieäc chaêm chæ nhö cha cuûa anh aáy.)
2) Caâu phuû ñònh: not as/so + adj/adv + as (khoâng baèng/nhö)
Ex: This watch is not as/so expensive as mine. (= my watch)
(Ñoàng hoà naøy khoâng ñaét nhö cuûa toâi.)
She doesn’t sing as/so well as her sister.
(Coâ aáy haùt khoâng hay baèng chò coâ aáy.)

37. Ngöõ phaùp tieáng Anh THPT Nguyeãn Ñaëng Hoaøng Duy
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* LÖU YÙ:
- Khi so saùnh danh töø vôùi nghóa gioáng/baèng hay khoâng gioáng/khoâng baèng, ta
coù theå duøng caáu truùc:
(not) + the same + (noun) + as
Ex: He is the same age as I am.
(Anh ta baèng tuoåi toâi.)
Ann’s salary isn’t the same as Jane’s.
(Löông cuøa Ann khoâng baèng löông cuûa Jane.)
- Coù theå duøng less + adj/adv + than (keùm … hôn) thay cho not as/so +
adj/adv + as
Ex: This watch is less expensive than mine.
She sings less well than her sister.
- Khi noùi gaáp bao nhieâu laàn, ta duøng caáu truùc … times as + adj/adv + as.
Ex: Their house is three times as big as ours.
(Nhaø cuûa hoï lôùn gaáp ba laàn nhaø chuùng ta.)
II- So saùnh hôn:
1) Tính töø/traïng töø ngaén: adj/adv + ER + than
Tính töø/traïng töø ngaén laø töø coù moät vaàn hay hai vaàn taän cuøng baèng “y”.
fast ---> faster cold ---> colder thick ---> thicker
lucky ---> luckier happy ---> happier dry ---> drier …
Ex: John is stronger than his brother.
(John khoeû hôn anh cuûa caäu aáy.)
This athlete runs faster than that one.
2) Tính töø/traïng töø daøi: more + adj/adv + than
Tính töø/traïng töø daøi laø töø coù hai vaàn trôû leân.
modern, patient, difficult, fluently, beautifully, …
Ex: This problem is more difficult than we thought.
(Vaán ñeà naøy khoù hôn chuùng ta nghó.)
He speaks English more fluently than his friend.
(Anh ta noùi tieáng Anh troâi chaûy hôn baïn cuûa anh ta.)
III- So saùnh nhaát:
1) Tính töø/traïng töø ngaén: the + adj/adv + EST
cold ---> the coldest thick ---> the thickest fast ---> fastest
lucky ---> the luckiest happy ---> the happiest …..
Ex: Yesterday was the hottest day of the year.

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(Hoâm qua laø ngaøy noùng nhaát trong naêm.)
2) Tính töø/traïng töø daøi: the + MOST + adj/adv
Ex: She is the most beautiful girl in the class.
(Coâ aáy laø coâ gaùi ñeïp nhaát trong lôùp.)
* LÖU YÙ:
- Ta coù theå duøng the least ñeå chæ möùc ñoä keùm … nhaát.
Ex: This story is the least interesting of all.
(Ñaây laø caâu chuyeän keùm thuù vò nhaát trong caùc caâu chuyeän.)
- Tính töø/traïng töø baát qui taéc
Tính töø/traïng töø So saùnh hôn So saùnh nhaát
good/well (toát) better the best
bad/badly (xaáu, dôû) worse the worst
far (xa) farther/further the farthest/furthest
little (ít) less the least
many/much (nhieàu) more the most
IV- Caùc daïng so saùnh khaùc:
1) Caøng ngaøy caøng …
- Tính töø/traïng töø ngaén: adj/adv + ER and adj/adv + ER
Ex: Betty is younger and younger.
(Betty caøng ngaøy caøng treû.)
He runs faster and faster.
(Anh ta chaïy caøng ngaøy caøng nhanh.)
- Tính töø/traïng töø daøi: more and more + adj/adv
Ex: My wife is more and more beautiful.
(Vôï cuûa toâi caøng ngaøy caøng ñeïp.)
They work more and more carefully.
(Hoï laøm vieäc caøng ngaøy caøng caån thaän.)
2) Caøng … caøng …
- The more + S + V, the more + S + V
Ex: The more I know him, the more I like him.
(Caøng bieát anh aáy, toâi caøng thích anh aáy.)
- The + SS hôn + S + V, the + SS hôn + S + V
Ex: The older he gets, the weaker he is.
(OÂng ta caøng giaø caøng yeáu.)
The more beautiful she is, the more miserable her parents are.

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(Coâ ta caøng ñeïp thì cha meï coâ ta caøng khoå.)
- The more + S + V, the adj + ER + S + V
Ex: The more he works, the richer he is.
(OÂng ta caøng laøm caøng giaøu.)
- The adj + ER + S + V, the more + S + V
Ex: The hotter it is, the more tired I feel.
(Trôøi caøng noùng toâi caøng thaáy meät.)
V- Qui taéc theâm ER vaø EST ñoái vôùi tính töø/traïng töø ngaén:
1) Töø taän cuøng baèng “e” hay phuï aâm + “y”
Ex: large lager largest
easy easier easiest
2) Gaáp ñoâi phuï aâm:
Ex: hot hotter hottest
Misfortune has its uses.
Trong caùi ruûi coù caùi may.
Baøi 12: CAÙCH THAØNH LAÄP TÖØ
Moät töø coù theå ñöôïc thaønh laäp baèng caùch theâm vaøo tieáp ñaàu ngöõ hoaëc tieáp
vó ngöõ.
I- DANH TÖØ:
1) Tieàn toá:
super-/under-/sur-/sub-/over- + N ---> N
DANH TÖØ NGHÓA DANH TÖØ NGHÓA
overdose söû duïng quaù lieàu surface beà maët
overexpenditure chi tieâu quaù möùc supermarket sieâu thò
overproduction saûn xuaát vöôït möùc underachievement ñaït döôùi möùc
subcontinent tieåu luïc ñòa undercurrent doøng nöôùc ngaàm
subway taøu ñieän ngaàm undergrowth buïi raäm
superman sieâu nhaân underpass ñöôøng chui
2) Haäu toá:
a) V + -ion/-tion/-ation/-ition/-sion ---> N
Ñoäng töø Danh töø Nghóa Ñoäng töø Danh töø Nghóa
add addition söï theâm vaøo permit permission söï cho pheùp
combine combination söï keát hôïp pollute pollution söï oâ nhieãm

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conserve conservation söï baûo toàn preserve preservation söï baûo quaûn
correct correction söï söûa chöõa prevent prevention ngaên ngöøa
decide decision quyeát ñònh produce production saûn xuaát
discuss discussion thaûo luaän provide provision söï cung caáp
inform information thoâng tin repeat repetition söï laëp laïi
invite invitation lôøi môøi rotate rotation luaân phieân
b) V + -ment/-ance/-ence/-age/-ery/-ing/-al ---> N
Ñoäng töø Danh töø Nghóa Ñoäng töø Danh töø Nghóa
accept acceptance chaáp nhaän enrich enrichment
söï laøm
giaøu
achieve achievement thaønh töïu exist existence söï toàn taïi
arrange arrangement söï saép ñaët feel feeling caûm xuùc
arrive arrival söï ñeán improve improvement
söï caûi
thieän
attend attendance söï coù maët move movement
söï di
chuyeån
build building toaø nhaø pay payment
söï traû
tieàn
depend dependence söï leä thuoäc perform performance
maøn trình
dieãn
develop development
söï phaùt
trieån
poison poisoning
laøm
nhieãm
ñoäc
differ difference
söï khaùc
nhau
recycle recycling
vieäc taùi
söû duïng
disappoint disappointment thaát voïng refuse refusal töø choái
discover discovery khaùm phaù rob robbery vuï cöôùp
drain drainage
söï thaùo
nöôùc
teach teaching daïy hoïc
employ employment vieäc laøm use usage
caùch
duøng
c) V + -er/-or/-ar/-ant/-ent/-ee/ ---> N
Ñoäng töø Danh töø Nghóa Ñoäng töø Danh töø Nghóa
account accountant keá toaùn employ employee
ngöôøi laøm
coâng

41. Ngöõ phaùp tieáng Anh THPT Nguyeãn Ñaëng Hoaøng Duy
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act actor
dieãn vieân
nam
fertilize fertilizer phaân boùn
apply applicant ngöôøi xin vieäc inhabit inhabitant cö daân
assist assistant ngöôøi phuï taù instruct instructor
ngöôøi
höôùng daãn
attend attendant
ngöôøi tham
döï
interview interviewee
ngöôøi ñöôïc
phoûng vaán
beg beggar ngöôøi aên xin own owner ngöôøi chuû
build builder thôï xaây pay payee
ngöôøi ñöôïc
traû tieàn
calculate calculator maùy tính serve servant
ngöôøi giuùp
vieäc
contest contestant ngöôøi döï thi sing singer ca só
cook cooker beáp naáu aên teach teacher giaùo vieân
deposit depositor
ngöôøi gôûi
tieàn
train trainee
ngöôøi ñöôïc
ñaøo taïo
drive driver taøi xeá walk walker ngöôøi ñi boä
edit editor bieân taäp vieân work worker coâng nhaân
d) N + -ist/-an/-ian/-ess ---> N
Danh töø Danh töø Nghóa Danh töø Danh töø Nghóa
act actress nöõ dieãn vieân music musician nhaïc só
America American ngöôøi Myõ physics physicist nhaø vaät lyù
history historian nhaø söû hoïc prince princess coâng chuùa
host hostess baø chuû nhaø science scientist nhaø khoa hoïc
journal journalist nhaø baùo tiger tigeress coïp caùi
library librarian thuû thö tour tourist khaùch du lòch
lion lioness sö töû caùi wait waitress nöõ haàu baøn
e) N + -ism/-ship ---> N
Danh töø Danh töø Nghóa Danh töø Danh töø Nghóa
capital capitalism CN tö baûn hero heroism
CN anh
huøng
champion championship
chöùc voâ
ñòch
scholar scholarship hoïc toång
friend friendship tình baïn sportsman sportsmanship
tinh thaàn
theå thao

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f) Adj + -y/-ity/-ty/-cy/-ness/-ism/-dom ---> N
Tính töø Danh töø Nghóa Tính töø Danh töø Nghóa
able ability khaû naêng dark darkness boùng toái
certain certainty
söï chaéc
chaén
popular popularity
söï phoå
bieán
clear clarity söï roõ raøng careful carefulness
söï caån
thaän
difficult difficulty khoù khaên rich richness
söï giaøu
coù
fluent fluency
söï troâi
chaûy
careless carelessness
söï baát
caån
national nationality quoác tòch sad sadness
söï buoàn
baõ
possible possibility söï coù theå ill/sick illness/sickness söï ñau yeáu
real reality söï thaät cold coldness söï laïnh leõo
responsible responsibility
traùch
nhieäm
happy happiness
söï haïnh
phuùc
stupid stupidity
söï ñaàn
ñoän
free freedom söï töï do
g) Adj taän cuøng “ent” ---> “ence”
Tính töø Danh töø Nghóa Tính töø Danh töø Nghóa
absent absence
söï vaéng
maët
intelligent intelligence
söï thoâng
minh
confident confidence söï töï tin patient patience
söï kieân
nhaãn
diligent diligence
söï sieâng
naêng
silent silence
söï yeân
laëng
independent independence söï ñoäc laäp violent violence
söï baïo
löïc
II- ÑOÄNG TÖØ:
1) Tieàn toá:
a) dis-/mis-/re-/over-/under-/out- + V ---> V
Ñoäng töø Nghóa Ñoäng töø Nghóa Ñoäng töø Nghóa
disagree
khoâng
ñoàng yù
outnumber
nhieàu/
ñoâng hôn
rewrite vieát laïi

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disappear bieán maát outrun
chaïy
nhanh hôn
undercharge
tính giaù
quaù thaáp
dislike
khoâng
thích
outweigh naëng hôn undercook
naáu chöa
chín
misbehave cö xöû sai overact
cöôøng
ñieäu
underdo
laøm
khoâng
troïn veïn
misspell
ñaùnh vaàn
nhaàm
overcook
naáu quaù
chín
underestimate
ñaùnh giaù
thaáp
misunderstand hieåu nhaàm overstay ôû quaù laâu underfeed
cho aên
khoâng ñuû
misuse
söû duïng
sai
overwork
laøm vieäc
quaù laâu,
quaù söùc
underlay
ñaët ôû
döôùi
outgrow
lôùn/phaùt
trieån hôn
redo laøm laïi undersell
baùn reû
hôn
outlive
soáng laâu
hôn
remarry
keát hoân
laàn nöõa
undersign kyù ôû döôùi
b) en- + N/V/Adj ---> V
Ñoäng töø Nghóa Ñoäng töø Nghóa Ñoäng töø Nghóa
enable
laøm cho coù theå
(laøm gì)
enclose gôûi keøm enlarge môû roäng
enact ban haønh (luaät) endanger gaây nguy hieåm enrich laøm giaøu
2) Haäu toá:
Adj/N + -ize/-en/-ate/-fy ---> V
Adj/N Ñoäng töø Nghóa Adj/N Ñoäng töø Nghóa
beauty beautify laøm ñeïp origin originate baét nguoàn
bright brighten laøm raïng rôõ real realize nhaän ra
industrial industrialize CN hoaù sharp sharpen
laøm cho
saéc, nhoïn
legal legalize
hôïp phaùp
hoaù
short shorten
laøm ngaén
laïi
less lessen giaûm bôùt tight tighten sieát chaët
light lighten laøm nheï ñi weak weaken laøm yeáu ñi
loose loosen laøm loûng ra white whiten laøm traéng

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modren modernize
hieän ñaïi
hoaù
wide widen laøm roäng ra
III- TÍNH TÖØ:
1) Tieàn toá:
a) un-/in-/im-/ir-/il-/dis- + Adj ---> Adj
Tính töø Nghóa Tính töø Nghóa Tính töø Nghóa
dishonest
khoâng
trung thöïc
incomplete
khoâng ñaày
ñuû
unemployed
thaát
nghieäp
illegal
baát hôïp
phaùp
inconvenient baát tieän unequal
khoâng
bình ñaúng
illogical
khoâng hôïp
lyù
independent ñoäc laäp unhappy
khoâng
haïnh phuùc
immature
chöa chín
chaén
indivisible
khoâng theå
chia ñöôïc
unlucky
khoâng
may
impatient
khoâng
kieân nhaãn
inexact
khoâng
chính xaùc
unreal khoâng thaät
impossible khoâng theå irregular baát qui taéc unsatisfactory
khoâng haøi
loøng
impractical
khoâng
thöïc teá
irresponsible
voâ traùch
nhieäm
untrue
khoâng
ñuùng
b) inter-/super-/under-/over-/sub- + Adj/N ---> Adj
Tính töø Nghóa Tính töø Nghóa Tính töø Nghóa
international quoác teá overnight quaù ñeâm supernatural sieâu nhieân
overanxious quaù lo aâu overseas haûi ngoaïi supersonic sieâu aâm
overconfident quaù töï tin oversized quaù côõ undercover kín,bí maät
overcrowded quaù ñoâng overweight
quaù caân,
beùo phì
underdeveloped
keùm phaùt
trieån
overelaborate quaù tæ mæ subconscious
tieàm
thöùc
underpaid
traû thaáp
quaù
overjealous quaù ghen subnormal
döôùi bình
thöôøng
underweight
nheï caân,
thieáu caân
overjoyed quaù vui superhuman
sieâu
phaøm
2) Haäu toá:
a) N + -ly/-like/-less/-ish/-y/-ful/-al/-ic/ ---> Adj

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Tính töø Nghóa Tính töø Nghóa
manly coù tính caùch ñaøn oâng dusty coù buïi
brotherly thuoäc veà anh em snowy coù tuyeát
worldly thuoäc veà theá giôùi rainy coù möa
hourly haèng giôø sandy coù caùt
yearly haèng naêm dirty baån
daily haèng ngaøy healthy khoeû maïnh
childlike nhö con nít magical tuyeät vôøi
godlike nhö thaàn thaùnh agricultural noâng nghieäp
statesmanlike nhö nhaø chöùc traùch industrial coâng nghieäp
lifelike gioáng nhö thaät natural thieân nhieân
speechless khoâng lôøi national thuoäc quoác gia
carelesss khoâng caån thaän harmful coù haïi
harmless khoâng ñoäc haïi useful coù ích
childless khoâng coù con delightful vui veû
treeless khoâng coù caây successful thaønh coâng
odourless khoâng muøi vò hopeful hi voïng
foolish ñieân daïi helpful hay giuùp ñôõ
selfish ích kyû peaceful hoaø bình
childish coù tính caùch treû con scientific khoa hoïc
b) V/N + -ive/-able/-ible ---> Adj
Tính töø Nghóa Tính töø Nghóa
acceptable coù theå chaáp nhaän defensible coù theå baûo veä ñöôïc
achievable coù theå ñaït ñöôïc eatable coù theå aên ñöôïc
active naêng ñoäng effective hieäu quaû
agreeable taùn thaønh excusable coù theå tha thöù
attractive haáp daãn informative coù nhieàu thoâng tin
comprehensible coù theå hieåu manageable coù theå quaûn lyù
countable coù theå ñeám washable coù theå giaët ñöôïc
IV- TRAÏNG TÖØ: Phaàn lôùn: Adj + -ly ---> Adv (xem Baøi 10, III, 1.1)
Never quit certainty for hope.
Thaû moài baét boùng.

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Baøi 13: CHUYEÅN ÑOÅI CAÂU
Caùc daïng bieán ñoåi caâu thöôøng gaëp
1) Chuû ñoäng – bò ñoäng: (xem laïi Baøi 2)
2) Tröïc tieáp – giaùn tieáp: (xem laïi Baøi 4)
3) Ñaûo ngöõ: (xem laïi Baøi 6)
4) Meänh ñeà traïng töø chæ lyù do, söï nhöôïng boä:(xem laïi Baøi 8, II, 3&7)
though/although/even though + S + V
---> despite/in spite of + V-ing/N/N phrase
* LÖU YÙ: BUT ---> ALTHOUGH
Ex: Cars cause pollution but people still want them.
---> Although cars cause pollution, people still want them.
5) So saùnh: (xem theâm Baøi 11, so saùnh baèng/nhaát/hôn)
Ex: Mary is not as tall as Alice.
---> Mary is not so tall as Alice.
---> Mary is less tall than Alice.
---> Alice is taller than Mary.
6) Ñieàu kieän: (xem laïi Baøi 5, caâu ÑK loaïi 2 vaø 3)
1.1 Khoâng coù thaät ôû hieän taïi:
Ex: I’m busy. I don’t go to the concert.
---> If I were not busy, I would go to the concert.
---> Unless I were busy, I would go to the concert.
1.2 Khoâng coù thaät ôû quaù khöù:
Ex: Peter missed the train because he woke up too late.
---> If Peter hadn’t woken up too late, he wouldn’t have missed the train.
---> Unless Peter had woken up too late, he wouldn’t have missed the train.
7) Ao öôùc: (xem laïi Baøi 5, caâu ao öôùc)
7.1 Khoâng coù thaät ôû hieän taïi:
Ex: Tom is not happy because his girlfriend is not here.
---> Tom wishes his girlfriend were here.
1.1 Khoâng coù thaät ôû quaù khöù:
Ex: I am sorry I missed your wedding party.
---> I wish I hadn’t missed your wedding party.
1.2 Khoâng coù thaät ôû töông lai:
Ex: They will not attend my birthday party next week.
---> I wish they would attend my birthday party next week.

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8) Thueâ/nhôø ai laøm vieäc gì: (xem theâm Baøi 2, 4.2)
S + V + O ---> S + have + O + V ---> S + have + O + V3/ed
---> S + get + O + to V ---> S + get + O + V3/ed
Ex: The machanic repairs my car every month.
---> I have the machanic repair my car every month.
---> I get the machanic to repair my car every month.
---> I have/get my car repaired by the mechanic every month.
9) Ñeà nghò, lôøi khuyeân:
Let’s + V S + advise/suggest + V-ing
How/What about + V-ing? S + advise + O + to V
Would you mind + V-ing? S + suggest (that) + S (+ should) + V
Why don’t we/you + V?
Ex: Let’s go for a ride!
---> What about going for a ride?
Please don’t play the music so loudly.
---> Would you mind not playing the music so loudly?
10) Nguyeân nhaân – keát quaû:
so + adj/adv + that clause
such (a/an) + adj + N + that clause
too + adj/adv (+ for O) + to + V
not + adj + enough (+ for O) + to + V
Ex: The water was so cold that the children couldn’t swim in it.
---> It was such cold water that the children couldn’t swim in it.
---> The water was too cold for the children to swim in.
---> The water is not warm enough for the children to swim in.
* LÖU YÙ:
- Trong caáu truùc so/such … that, ta giöõ laïi töø “it”.
- Trong caáu truùc too … to vaø not … enough … to, ta boû töø “it”.
11) Muïc ñích/nguyeân nhaân:
S + V + to/in order to/so as to + V
S + V + so that/in order that + S + can/could + V
S + V + because + S + V
Ex: They started early to go to school on time.
---> They started early so that they could go to school on time.
---> They started early because they wanted to go to school on time.

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12) Laàn thöù … (laøm chuyeän gì):
S + have/had + never + V3/ed
S + have/had + not + V3/ed + before
---> It/This is/was the first time (that) + S + have/had + V3/ed
Ex: I have not eaten this kind of food before.
---> This is the first time that I have eaten this kind of food.
13) YÙ kieán/ñaùnh giaù moät söï vieäc:
It + be + adj (for O) + to V
---> To V/V-ing + be + adj (for O)
Ex: It is not easy for me to master English.
---> To master/Mastering English is not easy for me.
It is more dangerous to drive a motorbike than to drive a car.
---> To drive a motorbike is more dangerous than to drive a car.
---> Driving a motorbike is more dangerous than driving a car.
14) Maát … (thôøi gian) laøm vieäc gì:
S + spend + time + V-ing hoaëc S + last + time
---> It + takes/took + O + time + to V
Ex: He spent 15 minutes finishing this exercise.
---> It took him 15 minutes to finish this exercise.
The flight to Hong Kong lasts about 8 hours.
---> It takes about 8 hours to fly to Hong Kong.
15) Thoùi quen hieän taïi vaø trong quaù khöù:
S + often/usually + V
S + find + it + adj + to V
---> S + be used to + V-ing
Ex: They usually drink beer.
---> They are used to drinking beer.
I don’t find it difficult to get up early.
---> I am used to getting up early.
S + used to + V ---> S + no longer + V = S + not … any more/any longer
Ex: He used to smoke cigarettes.
---> He no longer smokes cigarettes.
---> He doesn’t smoke cigarettes any more / any longer.
* LÖU YÙ:
be used to + V/ be used for + V-ing: coâng duïng moät vaät

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Ex: What is money used for?
---> It is used to buy or sell goods.
---> It is used for buying or selling goods.
You are never too old to learn.
Hoïc khoâng bao giôø muoän.
PHUÏ LUÏC 1: ÑOÄNG TÖØ BAÁT QUY TAÉC THÖÔØNG GAËP
Hieän taïi Quaù khöù QK PT Nghóa
am/is/are was/were been thì, laø, ôû
arise Arose arisen xuaát hieän
bear Bore borne sinh ra
beat Beat beaten ñaùnh, ñaäp
become Became become trôû neân
begin Began begun baét ñaàu
bend Bent bent cuùi, gaäp
bet Bet bet ñaùnh cuoäc
bite Bit bitten caén
bleed Bled bled chaûy maùu
blow Blew blown thoåi
break Broke broken laøm vôõ
breed Bred bred nuoâi
bring Brought brought mang
build Built built xaây döïng
burn* Burnt burnt ñoát chaùy
burst Burst burst böøng chaùy
buy bought bought mua
catch Caught caught baét ñöôïc
choose Chose chosen choïn löïa
come Came come ñeán
cost Cost cost trò giaù
creep Crept crept boø
cut Cut cut caét
dig Dug dug ñaøo
do Did done laøm

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draw Drew drawn veõ
dream* Dreamt dreamt mô
drink Drank drunk uoáng
drive Drove driven laùi xe
eat ate eaten aên
fall Fell fallen teù xuoáng
feed Fed fed cho aên
feel Felt felt caûm thaáy
fight fought fought ñaùnh nhau
find Found found tìm thaáy
fit Fit fit vöøa vaën
fly Flew flown bay
forecast Forecast forecast döï baùo
forget Forgot forgot(ten) queân
forgive Forgave forgiven tha thöù
freeze Froze frozen ñoâng laïnh
get Got got(ten) ñaït ñöôïc
give Gave given cho
go Went gone ñi
grind Ground ground nghieàn
grow Grew grown moïc
hang Hung hung treo
have Had had coù; duøng
hear Heard heard nghe
hide Hid hidden che giaáu
hit Hit hit ñuïng
hold Held held caàm,naém,toå chöùc
hurt hurt hurt laøm ñau
keep Kept kept giöõ
know Knew known bieát
lay Laid laid ñaët, ñeå
lead Led led daãn daét
learn* Learnt learnt hoïc
leave left left rôøi khoûi
lend Lent lent cho möôïn
let Let let ñeå cho
lose Lost lost ñaùnh maát

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make Made made laøm
mean Meant meant nghóa laø
meet Met met gaëp
overcome overcame overcome vöôït qua
pay Paid paid traû tieàn
put Put put ñaët, ñeå
quit Quit quit thoaùt ra
read Read read ñoïc
ride Rode ridden cöôõi, ñaïp xe
ring Rang rung reo, rung
rise Rose risen nhoâ,moäc leân
run Ran run chaïy
say Said said noùi
seek Sought sought tìm kieám
sell Sold sold baùn
send Sent sent göûi ñi
set Set set xeáp ñaët
shake Shook shaken laéc
shoot Shot shot baén
shut Shut shut ñoùng laïi
sing Sang sung haùt
sink Sank sunk chìm, ñaém
sit Sat sat ngoài
sleep Slept slept nguû
slide Slid slid tröôït ñi
smell* Smelt smelt ngöûi
speak Spoke spoken noùi
speed Sped sped taêng toác
spell Spelt spelt ñaùnh vaàn
spend Spent spent tieâu xaøi
spill Spilt spilt traøn ra
spread Spread spread lan truyeàn
stand Stood stood ñöùng
sting Stung stung chích, ñoát
strike Struck struck ñaùnh
swear Swore sworn theà
sweep Swept swept queùt

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swim Swam swum bôi, loäi
swing Swung swung ñaùnh ñu
take Took taken caàm, naém
teach Taught taught daïy
tear Tore torn xeù raùch
tell told told baûo, keå
think Thought thought suy nghó
throw Threw thrown neùm
thrust Thrust thrust aán maïnh
understand understood understood hieåu
wake Woke woken ñaùnh thöùc
wear Wore worn maëc, ñoäi
weave Wove woven deät
weep Wept wept khoùc
wet Wet wet laøm öôùt
win Won won thaéng
write Wrote written vieát
* Coù theå theâm “ed” ñeå thaønh laäp V2/3.
☺☺☺☺
Chuùc caùc em thaønh coâng!!!Chuùc caùc em thaønh coâng!!!Chuùc caùc em thaønh coâng!!!Chuùc caùc em thaønh coâng!!!
Haõy vaøoHaõy vaøoHaõy vaøoHaõy vaøo http://vihocsinhthanyeu.tkhttp://vihocsinhthanyeu.tkhttp://vihocsinhthanyeu.tkhttp://vihocsinhthanyeu.tk ñeå tham khaûoñeå tham khaûoñeå tham khaûoñeå tham khaûo
theâm taøi lieäu hoïc taäp tieáng Anh.theâm taøi lieäu hoïc taäp tieáng Anh.theâm taøi lieäu hoïc taäp tieáng Anh.theâm taøi lieäu hoïc taäp tieáng Anh.

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MUÏC LUÏC
Trang
BAØI 1: THÌ CUÛA ÑOÄNG TÖØ ............................................................................1
BAØI 2: THEÅ THUÏ ÑOÄNG..................................................................................7
BAØI 3: SÖÏ HOAØ HÔÏP GIÖÕA CHUÛ TÖØ VAØ ÑOÄNG TÖØ....................................9
BAØI 4: CAÂU NOÙI TRÖÏC TIEÁP VAØ GIAÙN TIEÁP ...........................................11
BAØI 5: CAÂU ÑIEÀU KIEÄN VAØ CAÂU AO ÖÔÙC ..............................................13
BAØI 6: SÖÏ ÑAÛO NGÖÕ .....................................................................................14
BAØI 7: TÖØ ÑÒNH LÖÔÏNG ..............................................................................15
BAØI 8: MEÄNH ÑEÀ TÍNH TÖØ VAØ MEÄNH ÑEÀ TRAÏNG TÖØ .........................17
BAØI 9: DANH ÑOÄNG TÖØ VAØ ÑOÄNG TÖØ NGUYEÂN MAÃU COÙ “TO” ........22
BAØI 10: TÖØ LOAÏI ...........................................................................................23
BAØI 11: SO SAÙNH TÍNH TÖØ VAØ TRAÏNG TÖØ ..............................................36
BAØI 12: CAÙCH THAØNH LAÄP TÖØ..................................................................39
BAØI 13: CHUYEÅN ÑOÅI CAÂU ........................................................................46
PHUÏ LUÏC: ÑOÄNG TÖØ BAÁT QUY TAÉC THÖÔØNG GAËP .............................49
TAØI LIEÄU THAM KHAÛO
1. John Eastwood, OXFORD GUIDE TO ENGLISH GRAMMAR, Oxford
University Press, 1994
2. Raymond Murphy, ENGLISH GRAMMAR IN USE, Cambridge University
Press, 2000
3. Haø Vaên Böûu, NHÖÕNG MAÃU CAÂU TIEÁNG ANH, NXB TP. HCM, 1998
4. Mai Lan Höông – Nguyeãn Thanh Loan, NGÖÕ PHAÙP TIEÁNG ANH, NXB
Treû, 2003
5. Thaùi Hoaøng Nguyeân – Ñoã Vaên Thaûo, BAØI TAÄP NGÖÕ PHAÙP TIEÁNG ANH
NAÂNG CAO, NXB Giaùo duïc, 2003
6. Nguyeãn Vaên Thoï – Huyønh Kim Tuaán, BAØI TAÄP LUYEÄN TIEÁNG ANH
THPT: NGÖÕ PHAÙP, NXB Giaùo duïc, 2005
7. Leâ Duõng, NGÖÕ PHAÙP TIEÁNG ANH CAÊN BAÛN, NXB Giaùo duïc, 2006
8. Leâ Duõng, NGÖÕ PHAÙP TIEÁNG ANH NAÂNG CAO, NXB Giaùo duïc, 2000
9. Vónh Khueâ – Traàn Vaên Nhaân, CHUYEÂN ÑEÀ BOÀI DÖÔÕNG ENGLISH 12,
NXB Ñoàng Nai, 1997
10. Song Phuùc – Leâ Nguyeãn Minh Thoï, BÍ QUYEÁT LAØM BAØI TAÄP CHUYEÅN
ÑOÅI CAÁU TRUÙC CAÂU TRONG TIEÁNH ANH, NXB Giaùo duïc, 2004