From sci-fi to reality: Next generation imaging tools
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Gesture recognition for image browsing Researchers at Purdue University are developing a touchless camera system using the Microsoft Kinect to allow surgeons to browse and manipulate MRI images with hand gestures in the operating room. The system can recognize ten gestures accurately over 92% of the time to rotate, browse, and adjust medical images. Pill-sized imaging of the esophagus Researchers at Massachusetts General Hospital are developing an ingestible capsule that uses optical frequency domain imaging and a rapidly rotating laser to image the inside of the esophagus. In initial tests the pill-sized device distinguished between patients with Barrett's esophagus and healthy volunteers without requiring sedation. Handheld x-ray scanner
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Abstract
Introduction “Navigation in surgery” spans a broad area, which, depending on the clinical challenge, can have different meanings. Over the past decade, navigation in surgery has evolved beyond imaging modalities and bulky systems into the rich networking of the cloud or devices that are pocket-sized.
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Excerpt:
Over the last three decades, technical advances have significantly changed the way we live. From computers to smartphones, from single purpose to multipurpose devices, technology has become an intrinsic part of our daily routine. Navigation in surgery is an important example of today’s technological capabilities being applied to medicine. It has emerged as one of the most reliable representatives of technology as it continues to transform surgical interventions into safer and less invasive procedures. In surgery, navigation has spurred technical progress, enabled more daring procedures, and unlocked new synergies. What was once a simple localization tool has evolved into a centerpiece of technology in the surgical theater.
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This document summarizes 7 innovative technologies that will be on display at ACC.15:
1) Medtronic's CoreValve transcatheter aortic valve replacement system provides a minimally invasive alternative to open heart surgery for replacing diseased heart valves.
2) St. Jude Medical's CardioMEMS heart failure monitoring system allows clinicians to monitor pulmonary pressures and manage treatment in patients with heart failure.
3) Toshiba's dose-tracking system measures radiation skin dose during interventional procedures to help clinicians monitor patient radiation exposure.
4) Merge Cardio provides a centralized web-based system for physicians to manage multiple aspects of patients' integrated cardiovascular records.
Amdis 2013 fda oversite classen
1. The document discusses recommendations for improving oversight of health IT to better protect patient safety. It proposes a risk-based framework where the level of oversight is determined by factors like the type of IT and potential for patient harm.
2. Key components of the proposed framework include adherence to safety standards, supporting best practices development, and facilitating reporting of safety events to create a learning environment.
3. The framework aims to leverage existing processes, protect innovation, and involve developers, implementers and users while avoiding regulatory duplication between agencies like FDA, ONC and FCC.
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Gesture recognition for image browsing allows surgeons to browse and manipulate MRI images in the operating room without touching devices, compromising sterility. Researchers at Purdue University developed a system using the Kinect camera that can recognize ten gestures to rotate, browse, or adjust medical images, currently with over 92% accuracy.
Diagnostic medical imaging
All medical imaging equipment manufactured today is supposed to conform to the DICOM standards. Viewing of the images thus produced cannot be done by ordinary imaging programs available on a regular PC. A special diagnostic medical imaging program is required, known as a DICOM workstation. For commercial use in medical diagnosis, such diagnostic medical imaging programs need to be FDA approved and need a special license. These measures ensure that any application developed for clinical purposes is capable of accurate depiction of high quality medical images.
Application Brief - Breast Cancer Research
Breast cancer research in animal models has long been hindered by the lack of a fast, portable, high resolution, research and animal focused imaging system that can visualize 2D tumor size, 3D tumor volume, neoangiogenesis and blood perfusion in vivo, in real-time and most importantly, non-invasively.
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This document discusses the need for improved imaging systems for breast cancer research using animal models. It introduces a new micro-ultrasound system that allows researchers to non-invasively collect longitudinal data on tumor size, volume, vascularity and perfusion over an animal's lifespan. This significantly reduces the number of animals needed for research. The system has been adopted by leading cancer research institutions and numerous studies have been published demonstrating its ability to accurately track tumor growth and response to therapies.
molecular imaging with PET & SPECT
Molecular imaging uses radiotracers and imaging modalities like PET and SPECT to non-invasively image biological processes at the molecular and cellular level. It has applications in both diagnostic imaging to locate targeted molecules involved in disease, as well as therapy to treat disease targets. PET provides higher resolution images while SPECT requires less equipment but has lower resolution. Both modalities detect emissions from radiotracers to construct 2D or 3D images showing the distribution of chemicals in the body.
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Researchers at Norris Cotton Cancer Center have, for the first time, used Cherenkov emissions to visualize radiation beams as they enter and exit a patient's body during cancer treatment. In a trial with a breast cancer patient, images showed a hot spot in the underarm area, allowing physicians to prevent overdosing. This technique provides real-time information about radiation dosage and location with minimal added time to treatments. The goal is to help optimize treatments and avoid misadministration of radiation. A pilot study with 12 patients is nearing completion.
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ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN ASSISTED REPRODUCTIVE TECHNOLOGY.pptx
Machine learning and timelapse imaging can be used to analyze embryo development and predict outcomes. Studies have shown that AI can predict live birth from timelapse images with over 90% accuracy. However, models may be biased if not trained on diverse data. New research aims to identify biomarkers from timelapse to select embryos and understand impact of patient ethnicity on development, as embryos from mixed populations may develop faster. AI is also being used to assess oocytes, select sperm, and predict ploidy. Future areas of research include automating procedures and quality management through computer vision. However, lack of diverse training data and changes in context can still lead models to make errors.
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For Details, Contact TSYS Academic Projects.
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This document provides a summary of several studies on techniques for localizing tumors, specifically the prostate, for radiation therapy treatment. It discusses methods such as cone-beam CT, ultrasound imaging, fiducial marker implantation, and on-board imaging devices that can help precisely track the prostate's position to improve treatment accuracy and allow dose escalation while reducing risks of side effects by minimizing safety margins. The document also notes challenges in prostate localization due to its mobility and variations related to bladder and rectal filling.
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Application Brief - Cancer Angiogenesis
This document summarizes an application brief about using micro-ultrasound to study cancer angiogenesis. It discusses how micro-ultrasound allows researchers to non-invasively visualize 3D tumor volume, neoangiogenesis, and blood perfusion over time in small animal models. This helps researchers better understand cancer development and anti-angiogenic therapies. VisualSonics' micro-ultrasound systems provide high resolution real-time imaging of tumor growth and vascularity to help reduce the number of animals needed for research.
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This document provides a summary of 6 late-breaking sessions to attend at the Heart Rhythm Society Scientific Sessions in Boston from May 13-16, 2015. The sessions include: (1) a study on the impact of remote monitoring on clinical events and healthcare utilization; (2) a randomized global trial comparing uninterrupted rivaroxaban to vitamin K antagonists in patients undergoing catheter ablation; and (3) a study comparing cryoballoon versus open irrigated radiofrequency ablation in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. The other sessions include: (4) first-in-human experience with a miniaturized transcatheter pacing system; (5) results from the Canadian Registry of Card
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This document provides details on the top 5 sessions to attend at the HIMSS.15 conference. The sessions cover topics like structured cardiology procedure reporting, connected heart health using American Heart Association resources, using BI and analytics to reduce sepsis and heart failure readmissions, how health information exchanges can support population health through New York's Million Hearts initiative, and a session on transforming data into information and driving transformation. Speakers include doctors, public health experts, and data analysts.
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This document provides details on the top 5 sessions to attend at the HIMSS.15 conference. The sessions cover topics like structured cardiology procedure reporting, connected heart health using American Heart Association resources, using BI and analytics to reduce sepsis and heart failure readmissions, how health information exchanges can support population health through New York's Million Hearts initiative, and a session on transforming data into actionable information. The sessions will take place between April 13-16, 2015 and include speakers such as doctors, healthcare executives, and data analysts.
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The document summarizes several imaging sessions at the upcoming American College of Cardiology's Annual Scientific Session & Expo on March 14-16 in San Diego. Key sessions include:
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This study compared the real-world effectiveness and safety of rivaroxaban versus warfarin for stroke prevention in nonvalvular atrial fibrillation patients using claims data. The study found:
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2) NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital is working to enhance care coordination for patients with diabetes and depression by improving EHR tools, care team workflows, and data sharing across settings using its regional HIE. Key features include standardized screening and monitoring, patient and provider education, population health analytics, and secure messaging.
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This document discusses delivering clinical knowledge and guidance directly into healthcare workflows through clinical decision support (CDS). CDS aims to provide clinicians and patients with intelligently filtered, situation-specific information to enhance patient care. The goal is to repurpose existing clinical content from various sources and deliver the most precise and useful information for each workflow and information need. Physician information needs were analyzed from query data to develop an ontology of needs. Content is curated, indexed as discrete facts, and tailored for specific situations by matching it to patient data, workflows, and information needs. Knowledge delivery aims to integrate actionable tools and options directly into clinical systems like EHRs.
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From sci-fi to reality: Next generation imaging tools
- 1. J Am Med Inform Assoc doi:10.1136/amiajnl-2012-001212 Gesture recognition for image browsing Surgeons often need to view medical images in the operating room, but touching a keyboard and mouse can compromise sterility. That’s why researchers at Purdue University in West Lafayette, Ind., are developing a touch-less camera system that tracks the position and orientation of surgeons and allows them to browse and manipulate MRI images with a flick of the wrist.
- 2. Gesture recognition for image browsing (cont.) Using the Kinect camera, originally developed by Microsoft for its XBOX gaming system, the researchers have created an algorithm that can recognize ten different gestures to rotate, browse or adjust the display of images. They are currently fine-tuning the context clues used by the system and have reported it currently has an accuracy of over 92 percent in recognizing commands.
- 3. Michalina Gora, Ph.D., and Kevin Gallagher, Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital Pill-sized imaging of the esophagus A small capsule on a tether that uses a rapidly rotating laser to image the esophagus is being developed at the Wellman Center for Photomedicine at Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston. The technology, called optical frequency domain imaging, emits a beam of near-infrared light, and sensors record what is reflected back from the esophageal lining.
- 4. Gary Tearney, MD, PhD, and Michalina Gora, PhD, Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital Pill-sized imaging of the esophagus (cont.) The system offers a convenient way to scan the esophageal lining for signs of Barrett’s esophagus, a damage of the lining due to stomach acid that can lead to cancer. The capsule is swallowed by the patient, who doesn’t require sedation, and the system can be manipulated and retrieved by the operator via the tether. Initial small cohort tests have confirmed the ability of the system to distinguish between those with Barrett’s and healthy volunteers.
- 5. Handheld x-ray scanner Smartphones can do a lot of things, but they can’t produce x- ray images…yet. While the idea of a pocket-sized x-ray scanner sounds closer to Star Trek’s tricorders than reality, engineers at the University of Missouri, Columbia, have invented a compact source of x-rays that could be used to create a prototype portable scanner. Lithium niobate crystals are used to produce 100,000 volts of electricity from 10 volts of input, allowing the device to be powered by batteries.