Neural Network and Artificial Intelligence.
Neural Network and Artificial Intelligence.
WHAT IS NEURAL NETWORK?
The method calculation is based on the interaction of plurality of processing elements inspired by biological nervous system called neurons.
It is a powerful technique to solve real world problem.
A neural network is composed of a number of nodes, or units[1], connected by links. Each linkhas a numeric weight[2]associated with it. .
Weights are the primary means of long-term storage in neural networks, and learning usually takes place by updating the weights.
Artificial neurons are the constitutive units in an artificial neural network.
WHY USE NEURAL NETWORKS?
It has ability to Learn from experience.
It can deal with incomplete information.
It can produce result on the basis of input, has not been taught to deal with.
It is used to extract useful pattern from given data i.e. pattern Recognition etc.
Biological Neurons
Four parts of a typical nerve cell :• DENDRITES: Accepts the inputs• SOMA : Process the inputs• AXON : Turns the processed inputs into outputs.• SYNAPSES : The electrochemical contactbetween the neurons.
ARTIFICIAL NEURONS MODEL
Inputs to the network arerepresented by the x1mathematical symbol, xn
Each of these inputs are multiplied by a connection weight , wn
sum = w1 x1 + ……+ wnxn
These products are simplysummed, fed through the transfer function, f( ) to generate a result and then output.
NEURON MODEL
Neuron Consist of:
Inputs (Synapses): inputsignal.Weights (Dendrites):determines the importance ofincoming value.Output (Axon): output toother neuron or of NN .
Radial basis function network ppt bySheetal,Samreen and Dhanashrisheetal katkar
Radial Basis Functions are nonlinear activation functions used by artificial neural networks.Explained commonly used RBFs ,cover's theorem,interpolation problem and learning strategies.
Artificial neural network for machine learninggrinu
An Artificial Neurol Network (ANN) is a computational model. It is based on the structure and functions of biological neural networks. It works like the way human brain processes information. ANN includes a large number of connected processing units that work together to process information. They also generate meaningful results from it.
Basics of Neural networks and its image recognition and its applications of engineering fields and medicines and how it detect those images and give the results of those images....
Machine Learning and Real-World ApplicationsMachinePulse
This presentation was created by Ajay, Machine Learning Scientist at MachinePulse, to present at a Meetup on Jan. 30, 2015. These slides provide an overview of widely used machine learning algorithms. The slides conclude with examples of real world applications.
Ajay Ramaseshan, is a Machine Learning Scientist at MachinePulse. He holds a Bachelors degree in Computer Science from NITK, Suratkhal and a Master in Machine Learning and Data Mining from Aalto University School of Science, Finland. He has extensive experience in the machine learning domain and has dealt with various real world problems.
What Is A Neural Network? | How Deep Neural Networks Work | Neural Network Tu...Simplilearn
This Neural Network presentation will help you understand what is deep learning, what is a neural network, how deep neural network works, advantages of neural network, applications of neural network and the future of neural network. Deep Learning uses advanced computing power and special types of neural networks and applies them to large amounts of data to learn, understand, and identify complicated patterns. Automatic language translation and medical diagnoses are examples of deep learning. Most deep learning methods involve artificial neural networks, modeling how our brains work. Deep Learning forms the basis for most of the incredible advances in Machine Learning. Neural networks are built on Machine Learning algorithms to create an advanced computation model that works much like the human brain. Now, let us deep dive into this video to understand how a neural network actually works along with some real-life examples.
Below topics are explained in this neural network presentation:
1. What is Deep Learning?
2. What is an artificial network?
3. How does neural network work?
4. Advantages of neural network
5. Applications of neural network
6. Future of neural network
Why Deep Learning?
It is one of the most popular software platforms used for deep learning and contains powerful tools to help you build and implement artificial neural networks.
Advancements in deep learning are being seen in smartphone applications, creating efficiencies in the power grid, driving advancements in healthcare, improving agricultural yields, and helping us find solutions to climate change. With this Tensorflow course, you’ll build expertise in deep learning models, learn to operate TensorFlow to manage neural networks and interpret the results.
And according to payscale.com, the median salary for engineers with deep learning skills tops $120,000 per year.
You can gain in-depth knowledge of Deep Learning by taking our Deep Learning certification training course. With Simplilearn’s Deep Learning course, you will prepare for a career as a Deep Learning engineer as you master concepts and techniques including supervised and unsupervised learning, mathematical and heuristic aspects, and hands-on modeling to develop algorithms. Those who complete the course will be able to:
1. Understand the concepts of TensorFlow, its main functions, operations and the execution pipeline
2. Implement deep learning algorithms, understand neural networks and traverse the layers of data abstraction which will empower you to understand data like never before
3. Master and comprehend advanced topics such as convolutional neural networks, recurrent neural networks, training deep networks and high-level interfaces
4. Build deep learning models in TensorFlow and interpret the results
5. Understand the language and fundamental concepts of artificial neural networks
6. Troubleshoot and improve deep learning models
Learn more at: https://www.simplilearn.com
Basic definitions, terminologies, and Working of ANN has been explained. This ppt also shows how ANN can be performed in matlab. This material contains the explanation of Feed forward back propagation algorithm in detail.
Radial basis function network ppt bySheetal,Samreen and Dhanashrisheetal katkar
Radial Basis Functions are nonlinear activation functions used by artificial neural networks.Explained commonly used RBFs ,cover's theorem,interpolation problem and learning strategies.
Artificial neural network for machine learninggrinu
An Artificial Neurol Network (ANN) is a computational model. It is based on the structure and functions of biological neural networks. It works like the way human brain processes information. ANN includes a large number of connected processing units that work together to process information. They also generate meaningful results from it.
Basics of Neural networks and its image recognition and its applications of engineering fields and medicines and how it detect those images and give the results of those images....
Machine Learning and Real-World ApplicationsMachinePulse
This presentation was created by Ajay, Machine Learning Scientist at MachinePulse, to present at a Meetup on Jan. 30, 2015. These slides provide an overview of widely used machine learning algorithms. The slides conclude with examples of real world applications.
Ajay Ramaseshan, is a Machine Learning Scientist at MachinePulse. He holds a Bachelors degree in Computer Science from NITK, Suratkhal and a Master in Machine Learning and Data Mining from Aalto University School of Science, Finland. He has extensive experience in the machine learning domain and has dealt with various real world problems.
What Is A Neural Network? | How Deep Neural Networks Work | Neural Network Tu...Simplilearn
This Neural Network presentation will help you understand what is deep learning, what is a neural network, how deep neural network works, advantages of neural network, applications of neural network and the future of neural network. Deep Learning uses advanced computing power and special types of neural networks and applies them to large amounts of data to learn, understand, and identify complicated patterns. Automatic language translation and medical diagnoses are examples of deep learning. Most deep learning methods involve artificial neural networks, modeling how our brains work. Deep Learning forms the basis for most of the incredible advances in Machine Learning. Neural networks are built on Machine Learning algorithms to create an advanced computation model that works much like the human brain. Now, let us deep dive into this video to understand how a neural network actually works along with some real-life examples.
Below topics are explained in this neural network presentation:
1. What is Deep Learning?
2. What is an artificial network?
3. How does neural network work?
4. Advantages of neural network
5. Applications of neural network
6. Future of neural network
Why Deep Learning?
It is one of the most popular software platforms used for deep learning and contains powerful tools to help you build and implement artificial neural networks.
Advancements in deep learning are being seen in smartphone applications, creating efficiencies in the power grid, driving advancements in healthcare, improving agricultural yields, and helping us find solutions to climate change. With this Tensorflow course, you’ll build expertise in deep learning models, learn to operate TensorFlow to manage neural networks and interpret the results.
And according to payscale.com, the median salary for engineers with deep learning skills tops $120,000 per year.
You can gain in-depth knowledge of Deep Learning by taking our Deep Learning certification training course. With Simplilearn’s Deep Learning course, you will prepare for a career as a Deep Learning engineer as you master concepts and techniques including supervised and unsupervised learning, mathematical and heuristic aspects, and hands-on modeling to develop algorithms. Those who complete the course will be able to:
1. Understand the concepts of TensorFlow, its main functions, operations and the execution pipeline
2. Implement deep learning algorithms, understand neural networks and traverse the layers of data abstraction which will empower you to understand data like never before
3. Master and comprehend advanced topics such as convolutional neural networks, recurrent neural networks, training deep networks and high-level interfaces
4. Build deep learning models in TensorFlow and interpret the results
5. Understand the language and fundamental concepts of artificial neural networks
6. Troubleshoot and improve deep learning models
Learn more at: https://www.simplilearn.com
Basic definitions, terminologies, and Working of ANN has been explained. This ppt also shows how ANN can be performed in matlab. This material contains the explanation of Feed forward back propagation algorithm in detail.
This presentation guide you through Neural Networks, use neural networksNeural Networks v/s Conventional
Computer, Inspiration from Neurobiology, Types of neural network, The Learning Process, Hetero-association recall mechanisms and Key Features,
For more topics stay tuned with Learnbay.
Artificial neural networks (ANNs, also shortened to neural networks (NNs) or neural nets) are a branch of machine learning models that are built using principles of neuronal organization discovered by connectionism in the biological neural networks constituting animal brains.
An ANN is based on a collection of connected units or nodes called artificial neurons, which loosely model the neurons in a biological brain. Each connection, like the synapses in a biological brain, can transmit a signal to other neurons. An artificial neuron receives signals then processes them and can signal neurons connected to it. The "signal" at a connection is a real number, and the output of each neuron is computed by some non-linear function of the sum of its inputs. The connections are called edges. Neurons and edges typically have a weight that adjusts as learning proceeds. The weight increases or decreases the strength of the signal at a connection. Neurons may have a threshold such that a signal is sent only if the aggregate signal crosses that threshold.
Typically, neurons are aggregated into layers. Different layers may perform different transformations on their inputs. Signals travel from the first layer (the input layer), to the last layer (the output layer), possibly after traversing the layers multiple times.
Artificial Neural Network and its Applicationsshritosh kumar
Abstract
This report is an introduction to Artificial Neural
Networks. The various types of neural networks are
explained and demonstrated, applications of neural
networks like ANNs in medicine are described, and a
detailed historical background is provided. The
connection between the artificial and the real thing is
also investigated and explained. Finally, the
mathematical models involved are presented and
demonstrated.
Artificial neural networks, usually simply called neural networks, are computing systems vaguely inspired by the biological neural networks that constitute animal brains. An ANN is based on a collection of connected units or nodes called artificial neurons, which loosely model the neurons in a biological brain.
An ANN depends on an assortment of associated units or hubs called fake neurons, which freely model the neurons in an organic cerebrum. Every association, similar to the neurotransmitters in an organic cerebrum, can send a sign to different neurons. A counterfeit neuron that gets a sign at that point measures it and can flag neurons associated with it.
This pdf is about the Schizophrenia.
For more details visit on YouTube; @SELF-EXPLANATORY;
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCAiarMZDNhe1A3Rnpr_WkzA/videos
Thanks...!
Observation of Io’s Resurfacing via Plume Deposition Using Ground-based Adapt...Sérgio Sacani
Since volcanic activity was first discovered on Io from Voyager images in 1979, changes
on Io’s surface have been monitored from both spacecraft and ground-based telescopes.
Here, we present the highest spatial resolution images of Io ever obtained from a groundbased telescope. These images, acquired by the SHARK-VIS instrument on the Large
Binocular Telescope, show evidence of a major resurfacing event on Io’s trailing hemisphere. When compared to the most recent spacecraft images, the SHARK-VIS images
show that a plume deposit from a powerful eruption at Pillan Patera has covered part
of the long-lived Pele plume deposit. Although this type of resurfacing event may be common on Io, few have been detected due to the rarity of spacecraft visits and the previously low spatial resolution available from Earth-based telescopes. The SHARK-VIS instrument ushers in a new era of high resolution imaging of Io’s surface using adaptive
optics at visible wavelengths.
Professional air quality monitoring systems provide immediate, on-site data for analysis, compliance, and decision-making.
Monitor common gases, weather parameters, particulates.
Slide 1: Title Slide
Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Slide 2: Introduction to Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Definition: Extrachromosomal inheritance refers to the transmission of genetic material that is not found within the nucleus.
Key Components: Involves genes located in mitochondria, chloroplasts, and plasmids.
Slide 3: Mitochondrial Inheritance
Mitochondria: Organelles responsible for energy production.
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA): Circular DNA molecule found in mitochondria.
Inheritance Pattern: Maternally inherited, meaning it is passed from mothers to all their offspring.
Diseases: Examples include Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) and mitochondrial myopathy.
Slide 4: Chloroplast Inheritance
Chloroplasts: Organelles responsible for photosynthesis in plants.
Chloroplast DNA (cpDNA): Circular DNA molecule found in chloroplasts.
Inheritance Pattern: Often maternally inherited in most plants, but can vary in some species.
Examples: Variegation in plants, where leaf color patterns are determined by chloroplast DNA.
Slide 5: Plasmid Inheritance
Plasmids: Small, circular DNA molecules found in bacteria and some eukaryotes.
Features: Can carry antibiotic resistance genes and can be transferred between cells through processes like conjugation.
Significance: Important in biotechnology for gene cloning and genetic engineering.
Slide 6: Mechanisms of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Non-Mendelian Patterns: Do not follow Mendel’s laws of inheritance.
Cytoplasmic Segregation: During cell division, organelles like mitochondria and chloroplasts are randomly distributed to daughter cells.
Heteroplasmy: Presence of more than one type of organellar genome within a cell, leading to variation in expression.
Slide 7: Examples of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Four O’clock Plant (Mirabilis jalapa): Shows variegated leaves due to different cpDNA in leaf cells.
Petite Mutants in Yeast: Result from mutations in mitochondrial DNA affecting respiration.
Slide 8: Importance of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Evolution: Provides insight into the evolution of eukaryotic cells.
Medicine: Understanding mitochondrial inheritance helps in diagnosing and treating mitochondrial diseases.
Agriculture: Chloroplast inheritance can be used in plant breeding and genetic modification.
Slide 9: Recent Research and Advances
Gene Editing: Techniques like CRISPR-Cas9 are being used to edit mitochondrial and chloroplast DNA.
Therapies: Development of mitochondrial replacement therapy (MRT) for preventing mitochondrial diseases.
Slide 10: Conclusion
Summary: Extrachromosomal inheritance involves the transmission of genetic material outside the nucleus and plays a crucial role in genetics, medicine, and biotechnology.
Future Directions: Continued research and technological advancements hold promise for new treatments and applications.
Slide 11: Questions and Discussion
Invite Audience: Open the floor for any questions or further discussion on the topic.
Seminar of U.V. Spectroscopy by SAMIR PANDASAMIR PANDA
Spectroscopy is a branch of science dealing the study of interaction of electromagnetic radiation with matter.
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy refers to absorption spectroscopy or reflect spectroscopy in the UV-VIS spectral region.
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy is an analytical method that can measure the amount of light received by the analyte.
Richard's aventures in two entangled wonderlandsRichard Gill
Since the loophole-free Bell experiments of 2020 and the Nobel prizes in physics of 2022, critics of Bell's work have retreated to the fortress of super-determinism. Now, super-determinism is a derogatory word - it just means "determinism". Palmer, Hance and Hossenfelder argue that quantum mechanics and determinism are not incompatible, using a sophisticated mathematical construction based on a subtle thinning of allowed states and measurements in quantum mechanics, such that what is left appears to make Bell's argument fail, without altering the empirical predictions of quantum mechanics. I think however that it is a smoke screen, and the slogan "lost in math" comes to my mind. I will discuss some other recent disproofs of Bell's theorem using the language of causality based on causal graphs. Causal thinking is also central to law and justice. I will mention surprising connections to my work on serial killer nurse cases, in particular the Dutch case of Lucia de Berk and the current UK case of Lucy Letby.
A brief information about the SCOP protein database used in bioinformatics.
The Structural Classification of Proteins (SCOP) database is a comprehensive and authoritative resource for the structural and evolutionary relationships of proteins. It provides a detailed and curated classification of protein structures, grouping them into families, superfamilies, and folds based on their structural and sequence similarities.
Nutraceutical market, scope and growth: Herbal drug technologyLokesh Patil
As consumer awareness of health and wellness rises, the nutraceutical market—which includes goods like functional meals, drinks, and dietary supplements that provide health advantages beyond basic nutrition—is growing significantly. As healthcare expenses rise, the population ages, and people want natural and preventative health solutions more and more, this industry is increasing quickly. Further driving market expansion are product formulation innovations and the use of cutting-edge technology for customized nutrition. With its worldwide reach, the nutraceutical industry is expected to keep growing and provide significant chances for research and investment in a number of categories, including vitamins, minerals, probiotics, and herbal supplements.
2. WHAT IS NEURAL NETWORK?
• The method calculation is based on the
interaction of plurality of processing
elements inspired by biological nervous
system called neurons.
• It is a powerful technique to solve real
world problem.
• A neural network is composed of a
number of nodes, or units[1], connected
by links. Each link
has a numeric weight[2]associated with it.
.
1. Weights are the primary means of long-term storage in
neural networks, and learning usually takes place by
updating the weights.
2. Artificial neurons are the constitutive units in an artificial
neural network
3. WHY USE NEURAL NETWORKS?
• It has ability to Learn from experience.
• It can deal with incomplete information.
• It can produce result on the basis of input, has not
been taught to deal with.
• It is used to extract useful pattern from given data i.e.
pattern Recognition etc.
4. Biological Neurons
Four parts of a typical nerve cell :
• DENDRITES: Accepts the inputs
• SOMA : Process the inputs
• AXON : Turns the processed
inputs into outputs.
• SYNAPSES : The
electrochemical contact
between the neurons.
5. ARTIFICIAL NEURONS MODEL
• Inputs to the network are
represented by the x1
mathematical symbol, xn
• Each of these inputs are multiplied by
a connection weight , wn
sum = w1 x1 + ……+ wnxn
• These products are simply
summed, fed through the transfer
function, f( ) to generate a result and
then output.
6. NEURON MODEL
Neuron Consist of:
Inputs (Synapses): input
signal.
Weights (Dendrites):
determines the importance of
incoming value.
Output (Axon): output to
other neuron or of NN .
8. The Learning Process
• Associative mapping in which the network learns to
produce a particular pattern on the set of input units
whenever another particular pattern is applied on the set
of input units.
Auto-Association.
Hetero-Association.
9. Associate Mapping
Auto-Association.
An input pattern associated with itself , and the states of
input and output units coincides, this used to provide
pattern completion.
Hetero-association.
Nearest-neighbour recall, where the output pattern
produced corresponds to the input pattern stored, which is
closest to the pattern presented, and
Interpolative recall, where the output pattern is a
similarity dependent interpolation of the patterns stored
corresponding to the pattern presented. Yet another
paradigm, which is a variant associative mapping is
classification, i.e. when there is a fixed set of categories
into which the input patterns are to be classified.
10. • This is learning by doing.
• In this approach no sample
outputs are provided to the
network against which it can
measure its predictive
performance for a given vector of
inputs.
• One common form of
unsupervised learning is
clustering where we try to
categorize data in different
clusters by their similarity.
UNSUPERVISED LEARNING
• A teacher is available to indicate
whether a system is performing
correctly, or to indicate the amount of
error in system performance. Here a
teacher is a set of training data.
• The training data consist of pairs of
input and desired output values that
are traditionally represented in data
vectors.
• Supervised learning can also be
referred as classification, where we
have a wide range of classifiers,
(Multilayer perceptron , k nearest
neighbor..etc)
SUPERVISED LEARNING
11. THE BACKPROPAGATION ALGORITHM
• The backpropagation algorithm (Rumelhart and
McClelland, 1986) is used in layered feed-forward Artificial
Neural Networks.
• Back propagation is a multi-layer feed forward, supervised
learning network based on gradient descent learning rule.
• we provide the algorithm with examples of the inputs and
outputs we want the network to compute, and then the
error (difference between actual and expected results) is
calculated.
• The idea of the backpropagation algorithm is to reduce
this error, until the Artificial Neural Network learns the
training data.
12. Conventional Computer V/S
Neural Networks
Conventional
computers use an
algorithmic approach,
but neural networks
works similar to human
brain and learns by
example.
13. ADVANTAGES OF ANN:
• It involves human like thinking.
• They can handle noisy or missing data.
• They can work with numbers of variables or parameters.
• They provide general solution with predictive solution.
• System has got property of continuous learning.
14. IMPORTANT APPLICATIONS OF NEURAL
NETWORKS
• Finger Print Recognition System.
• Pre-processing System.
• Feature Extraction Using Neural Networks
• Classifications
• Results
15. Some Other Applications
• Character Recognition - The idea of character recognition
has become very important as handheld devices like the
Palm Pilot are becoming increasingly popular. Neural
networks can be used to recognize handwritten
characters.
• Image Compression - Neural networks can receive and
process vast amounts of information at once, making
them useful in image compression. With the Internet
explosion and more sites using more images on their
sites, using neural networks for image compression is
worth a look.
16. Cont.
• Stock Market Prediction - The day-to-day business of the
stock market is extremely complicated. Many factors weigh
in whether a given stock will go up or down on any given
day. Since neural networks can examine a lot of information
quickly and sort it all out, they can be used to predict stock
prices.
• Travelling Salesman Problem- Interestingly enough, neural
networks can solve the travelling salesman problem, but
only to a certain degree of approximation.
• Medicine, Electronic Nose, Security, and Loan
Applications - These are some applications that are in their
proof-of-concept stage, with the acceptance of a neural
network that will decide whether or not to grant a loan,
something that has already been used more successfully
than many humans.