The document discusses key concepts in distributed systems including networking, remote procedure calls (RPC), and transaction processing systems (TPS). It covers networking fundamentals like sockets and ports. It describes how RPC works by allowing functions to be called remotely. It explains the ACID properties that TPS must support for atomicity, consistency, isolation, and durability of transactions processed across distributed systems.

1. Lecture 3 – Networks and Distributed Systems CSE 490h – Introduction to Distributed Computing, Spring 2007 Except as otherwise noted, the content of this presentation is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 2.5 License.

3. Fundamentals of Networking

6. Example: Web Server (1/3) The server creates a listener socket attached to a specific port. 80 is the agreed-upon port number for web traffic.

7. Example: Web Server (2/3) The client-side socket is still connected to a port, but the OS chooses a random unused port number When the client requests a URL (e.g., “www.google.com”), its OS uses a system called DNS to find its IP address.

8. Example: Web Server (3/3) Server chooses a randomly-numbered port to handle this particular client Listener is ready for more incoming connections, while we process the current connection in parallel

14. Remote Procedure Calls (RPC)

18. Synchronous RPC

19. Asynchronous RPC

20. Asynchronous RPC 2: Callbacks

23. Transaction Processing Systems (We’re using the blue cover sheets on the TPS reports now…)