Darkness becomes risky for soldiers. With MKU’s thermal weapon sight, one can detect their enemies & objects in darkness. This is made by the NETD parameter that measures how well a thermal imaging detector can distinguish between tiny differences.

1. NETD Parameter in
Thermal Imaging
The escape from enemies in the darkness becomes risky for soldiers.
With MKU’s thermal weapon sight, the user can detect their enemies &
objects in total darkness and very diverse weather condition. This is
made by the NETD parameter that measures how well a thermal
imaging detector can distinguish between tiny differences in thermal
radiation in the image.

2. NETD Parameter in Thermal Imaging
The escape from enemies in the darkness becomes risky for soldiers. With MKU’s thermal weapon sight, the
user can detect their enemies & objects in total darkness and very diverse weather condition. This is made by
the NETD parameter that measures how well a thermal imaging detector can distinguish between tiny
differences in thermal radiation in the image. When the noise is equivalent to the smallest measurable
temperature difference, the detector has reached the limit of its ability to resolve a useful thermal signal. The
lower the NETD value, the higher the sensitivity, thereby producing a more detailed image. To know more
about it, click here.

3. NETD Parameter in Thermal Imaging
In military applications, thermal imaging devices are widely used for
night surveillance, live object detection in rescue operations, targeting
and range identification, and thermal mapping. Thermal imagers can be
used for object identification in worst day-night conditions like high
humidity, foggy and hazy conditions whereas the image intensification
technology works only in a low light environment. Military thermal
imagers are developed with the ability to image at night without
additional illuminators.
What is NETD & How is it measured?
Thermal devices facilitate non-destructive temperature monitoring of
multiple objects in a single frame. The sensitivity of the thermal detector
determines the minimum temperature difference between the
background and the object that can be distinguished.

4. Curvature and Coverings in Hard Body Armour
NETD Parameter in Thermal Imaging
Noise Equivalent Temperature Difference (NETD) determines the level of thermal
sensitivity of a thermal device. The lower the NETD value, the higher the
sensitivity, producing a more detailed image. NETD helps in determining the effect
of system noise on the thermal response of the device. This is the key parameter
used to test the merit of a thermal device.
It is the signal-to-noise figure that represents the temperature difference between
object and background, which would produce signal voltage equal to the camera’s
effective temporal noise. NETD expresses the temperature difference required to
get a signal-to-noise ratio of unity. It, therefore, represents approximately the
least temperature difference at which the camera can work out.

5. NETD Parameter in Thermal Imaging
Figure 1 depicts the state of a system’s noise voltage and signal
voltages.
Figure 1. Illustration of SNR and NETD using system signal and noise voltages.

6. Curvature and Coverings in Hard Body Armour
NETD Parameter in Thermal Imaging
The successful operation of a thermal Imagers requires minimum radiative power that could
induce temperature difference (ΔT) in a scene for which Vs (rms) > Vn (rms), or ΔT > NETD.
NETD is calculated by dividing the temporal noise by the responsivity of the sensor and usually
expressed in units of milli-Kelvins (mK), for military applications preferred choice of NETD is up to
50 mK. The value is a function of the camera’s f/number, signal integration time, and the
temperature at which the measurement is made.
How does NETD affect the quality of an image?
The images below show the same scene recorded by two different cameras. One camera has a
NETD of 40 mK and the other 80 mK. The low-temperature background of an image taken by
larger value (80 mK) NETD camera shows lesser thermal contrast or lesser clarity between the
human target and the background whereas, the image was taken by the lower value of NETD i.e.
40 mK is showing higher thermal contrast or more celerity between human target and the
background. However, here the net 40 mK the difference doesn’t seem like much, but it has a
huge impact on the image quality and measurement accuracy.

7. Curvature and Coverings in Hard Body Armour
NETD Parameter in Thermal Imaging
In brief, the lower NETD value promise the;
•Good image – simple to understand and easy to focus on the camera.
•Higher efficiency with a better image.
•Ease of identifying the objects in a thermal image.
•More professional-looking reports with better images.
Figure 2. Comparative illustration of thermal images captured by the thermal Night Vision Scope of different NETD
values.

8. Curvature and Coverings in Hard Body Armour
NETD Parameter in Thermal Imaging
Thermal imaging devices use advanced optics and sensors that digitally process the inputs from
the optics of the device to deliver digital raster images of the target and its surroundings. They
can detect minute temperature differences to deliver images and identify hidden objects in
adverse conditions.
To know more about Thermal Imaging Devices by MKU click here

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