This document discusses the concept of governance. It begins by distinguishing between government and governance, noting that governance involves a broader set of actors beyond just the state, including the private sector and civil society. It then addresses four relevant concerns: 1) what activities constitute governing? 2) who is involved in governance? 3) what processes have redefined governance? 4) what makes governance good? In addressing these questions, it examines how governance has evolved in response to factors like globalization, environmental concerns, and the need for peace and development. It emphasizes that good governance requires participation from the state, private sector, and civil society to effectively manage a country's political, social and economic affairs.

1. PA 201- Prof. W Cabo, 1st Sem., 2018- 2019; FRI 530PM
Report by: Fredy Primicias III
The Concept of Governance
1

2. PA 201- Prof. W Cabo, 1st Sem., 2018- 2019; FRI 530PM
Report by: Fredy Primicias III
The Concept of Governance
2
STRUCTURE
START
Your thoughts?
Difference between Government and
Governance
4 Relevant concerns:
1. What activities are acts of governing?
2. Who are involved in governance?
3. What processes redefined each?
4. What makes Governance Good?

3. PA 201- Prof. W Cabo, 1st Sem., 2018- 2019; FRI 530PM
Report by: Fredy Primicias III
The Concept of Governance
3
Difference between Government and
Governance
1.Government and governance are synonyms
2.Exercise the authority in an organization, institution or state
3.Government is mostly associated with a larger scope of duty and
responsibility
4.Governance lacks the importance delegated to political circles
5.Confusion happens among actors and actions at handgovern
ment
govern
ance
Governance as the NPA: Bureaucracy is a bankrupt tool of rowing. In its
place (is) entrepreneurial government which will stress competition,
markets, customers, and measuring outcomes.
(Osborne and Gaebler, page 56, Government and PA by RA Rhodes)
Governance is the exercise of political, economic and administrative
authority to manage a nations affairs– complex mechanism, processes,
relationships and institutions through which citizens and groups
articulate their interests, exercise their rights and obligations and mediate
their differences.
(page 9, Concepts of Governance and Sustainable Development, UNDP)
Control of the ruler
Consent of the governed

4. PA 201- Prof. W Cabo, 1st Sem., 2018- 2019; FRI 530PM
Report by: Fredy Primicias III
The Concept of Governance
4
The state is not simply another governance mechanism:
1. Acts as gatekeeper to sectoral governance
2.Facilitates/ inhibits production and exchange
3.Relevant to PA as the state (actor/ structure) constitutes the economy
and influences the selection of governance regimes
(Lindberg and Campbell, page 59, Government and PA by RA Rhodes)
govern
ment
govern
ance
4 Relevant concerns:
1. What activities are acts of governing?
2. Who are involved in governance?
3. What processes redefined each?
4. What makes Governance Good?
1.CONTROL the presumption is that before any action correspond to
a goal, and before punishment and rewards are implemented, the
framework of control is already present, and this framework is
fortified by laws (or policies).
2.MANAGING is “to act on a hypothesis”
• accepts external forces as drivers to achieve goals
• explains why managing, rather than controlling, supports the
system of governance since it is “permeable, admits outside
influences, assumes no omnipotence or omniscience on the
part of the decision maker, and subjects decisions to the
evaluation and critique of all those with a stake in them
Controlling
Managing

5. PA 201- Prof. W Cabo, 1st Sem., 2018- 2019; FRI 530PM
Report by: Fredy Primicias III
The Concept of Governance
5
4 Relevant concerns:
1. What activities are acts of governing?
2. Who are involved in governance?
3. What processes redefined each?
4. What makes Governance Good?
State
Civil
Society
Private
Sector
Governance includes the state but transcends
it by taking in the private sector and civil
society. The state creates a conducive
political and legal environment. The private
sector generates jobs and income. Civil
society facilitates political and social
interaction- mobilizing groups to participate
in economic, social and political activities.
(Reconceptualizing Governance, Paper 2- UNDP, 1997)

6. PA 201- Prof. W Cabo, 1st Sem., 2018- 2019; FRI 530PM
Report by: Fredy Primicias III
The Concept of Governance
6
4 Relevant concerns:
1. What activities are acts of governing?
2. Who are involved in governance?
3. What processes redefined each?
4. What makes Governance Good?
The State plays 2 roles:
1.Wielder of power and the principal actor in government.
a.Enables/ facilitates participation by creating an environment where
market and civil society contribute.
b.Encourages various interest- groups to plan, act and realize their
goals.
c.Protects private citizens from military interventions during times of
protests.
2.Provision of resources and assist development for markets and communities.
a.Emergence and importance of civil societies.
b.The private sector acts as the engine of society.
State
Civil
Society
Private
Sector
Governance includes the state but transcends
it by taking in the private sector and civil
society. The state creates a conducive
political and legal environment. The private
sector generates jobs and income. Civil
society facilitates political and social
interaction- mobilizing groups to participate
in economic, social and political activities.
(Reconceptualizing Governance, Paper 2- UNDP, 1997)

7. PA 201- Prof. W Cabo, 1st Sem., 2018- 2019; FRI 530PM
Report by: Fredy Primicias III
The Concept of Governance
7
4 Relevant concerns:
1. What activities are acts of governing?
2. Who are involved in governance?
3. What processes redefined each?
4. What makes Governance Good?
3.1 Search for Growth and Development
3.2 The Environmental Movement
3.3 Globalization
3.4 Consolidating Peace
Search for Growth and Development
GOVERNANCE
UNDP, 1994:
The goal of governance should be to develop capacities that are needed
to realize development that…
1. Gives priority to the poor
2. Advances women
3. Sustains the environment
4. Creates needed opportunities for
employment and other livelihoods
?
 “Realism obliges us not to ignore efficiency. But for any development to be human, we must go beyond the logic of
economics.”- Brazil President Fernando Cardoso
 “If national infrastructure is bad, accidents go up, hospital care and vehicle repairs go up. Also, money is spent to pollute
rivers, oceans, atmosphere. All these financial transactions increase national wealth as calculated by GDP. The way we
measure national wealth is just not inaccurate, it encourages activities that are contrary to long- term interests of people and
environment.”- Charles Handy
(page 25, Reconceptualizing Governance, Paper 2, UNDP, 1997)
Protect the vulnerable
• Poorest population
• Lower- skilled, less- educated, long- time state employees
• Elderly/ unhealthy/ laid- off population

8. PA 201- Prof. W Cabo, 1st Sem., 2018- 2019; FRI 530PM
Report by: Fredy Primicias III
The Concept of Governance
8
4 Relevant concerns:
1. What activities are acts of governing?
2. Who are involved in governance?
3. What processes redefined each?
4. What makes Governance Good?
3.1 Search for Growth and Development
3.2 The Environmental Movement
3.3 Globalization
3.4 Consolidating Peace
The Environmental Movement
• “The rich must take the lead in bringing their development under control,
reducing substantially their impacts on the environment, leaving
environmental space for developing countries to grow. The wasteful and
destructive lifestyles of the rich cannot be maintained at the cost of the
lives and livelihoods of the poor, and of nature.”- Maurice Strong Conference Sec.
Gen., Earth Summit, 1992
• 1987 Brundtland Commission report: SUSTAINABLE HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
is meeting the needs of the present generation without compromising the
needs of future generation.

9. PA 201- Prof. W Cabo, 1st Sem., 2018- 2019; FRI 530PM
Report by: Fredy Primicias III
The Concept of Governance
9
4 Relevant concerns:
1. What activities are acts of governing?
2. Who are involved in governance?
3. What processes redefined each?
4. What makes Governance Good?
3.1 Search for Growth and Development
3.2 The Environmental Movement
3.3 Globalization
3.4 Consolidating Peace
GLOBALIZATION
1. “The increased interaction among countries that touches economic,
social, cultural and political aspects of their citizens”. UN, 2008
2.The World Trade Organization promotes free trade by persuading
countries to abolish import tariffs and other fiscal barriers to a point that
they oversee the rules of international trade among members, including
the Philippines.
3.“The more you let market forces rule and the more you open your
economy to free trade and competition, the more efficient and flourishing
your economy will be.”- Friedman, 1999
4.How does globalization affect governance in the country? Former
President and now Speaker of the House GMArroyo gave us this
warning, “globalization is dangerous if it is not accompanied by
appropriate reforms and strengthening of the institutions.”
5.“If there must be globalization, it should be humanized in order to create
a healthy and sustainable life for all.” A Lim, Globalization: Its Impacts on the Philippine
Environment

10. PA 201- Prof. W Cabo, 1st Sem., 2018- 2019; FRI 530PM
Report by: Fredy Primicias III
The Concept of Governance
10
4 Relevant concerns:
1. What activities are acts of governing?
2. Who are involved in governance?
3. What processes redefined each?
4. What makes Governance Good?
3.1 Search for Growth and Development
3.2 The Environmental Movement
3.3 Globalization
3.4 Consolidating Peace
GLOBALIZATION
1. “The increased interaction among countries that touches economic,
social, cultural and political aspects of their citizens”. UN, 2008
2.The World Trade Organization promotes free trade by persuading
countries to abolish import tariffs and other fiscal barriers to a point that
they oversee the rules of international trade among members, including
the Philippines.
3.“The more you let market forces rule and the more you open your
economy to free trade and competition, the more efficient and flourishing
your economy will be.”- Friedman, 1999
4.How does globalization affect governance in the country? Former
President and now Speaker of the House GMArroyo gave us this
warning, “globalization is dangerous if it is not accompanied by
appropriate reforms and strengthening of the institutions.”
5.“If there must be globalization, it should be humanized in order to create
a healthy and sustainable life for all.” A Lim, Globalization: Its Impacts on the Philippine
Environment

11. PA 201- Prof. W Cabo, 1st Sem., 2018- 2019; FRI 530PM
Report by: Fredy Primicias III
The Concept of Governance
11
4 Relevant concerns:
1. What activities are acts of governing?
2. Who are involved in governance?
3. What processes redefined each?
4. What makes Governance Good?
3.1 Search for Growth and Development
3.2 The Environmental Movement
3.3 Globalization
3.4 Consolidating Peace
GLOBALIZATION
HANDBOOK OF GLOBALIZATION
GLOBALISM (pages 12- 13):
1. Ideological system with global wings of operations, strategic points
and integration.
2. Like capitalism, recognizes no territorial limits and claims the entire
realm of the world.
3. Global system of capitalist order, as proclaimed by the ideology of
globalizing corporations and the globalizing super power “states”
that guard and promote them.
4. Ideological, organizational, political and economic phenomenon.
5. Integration and convergence of world powers, cultures, economic
systems, organizational arrangements and administrative
practices.

12. PA 201- Prof. W Cabo, 1st Sem., 2018- 2019; FRI 530PM
Report by: Fredy Primicias III
The Concept of Governance
12
4 Relevant concerns:
1. What activities are acts of governing?
2. Who are involved in governance?
3. What processes redefined each?
4. What makes Governance Good?
3.1 Search for Growth and Development
3.2 The Environmental Movement
3.3 Globalization
3.4 Consolidating Peace
GLOBALIZATION is to have One Global Village
• Technology
• Capitalism and political values of Liberalism
• Economy of scale
ANTI- GLOBALIZATION
• Threat to
 world of peoples (exploitation of cheap labor)
Nation- states
Cultures (consumerism)
Governments
National sovereignty
Democracy
Self- determination
Individual freedom (global imperialism- Americanization)
Public administration

13. PA 201- Prof. W Cabo, 1st Sem., 2018- 2019; FRI 530PM
Report by: Fredy Primicias III
The Concept of Governance
13
4 Relevant concerns:
1. What activities are acts of governing?
2. Who are involved in governance?
3. What processes redefined each?
4. What makes Governance Good?
3.1 Search for Growth and Development
3.2 The Environmental Movement
3.3 Globalization
3.4 Consolidating Peace
Consolidating Peace
The 1987 Constitution is clear on its principles about peace and
sovereignty:
Sec. 1 The Philippines is a democratic and republican State.
Sovereignty resides in the people and all government authority
emanates from them.
Sec. 2 The Philippines renounces war as an instrument of national
policy, adopts the generally accepted principles of international law as
part of the law of the land and adheres to the policy of peace, equality,
justice, freedom, cooperation, and amity with all nations.
• Role of governance is to support the government in ensuring that
peace and nation building are accomplished at all times.
• Former Prime Minister and now President of Namibia Hage
Geingob shared his passion, “… we need to get everyone involved in
the process of building a nation or effecting a national reconciliation.
In these situations, the coming together of state, market and civil society
to manage societal affairs is not mere rhetoric but a national urgency.”

14. PA 201- Prof. W Cabo, 1st Sem., 2018- 2019; FRI 530PM
Report by: Fredy Primicias III
The Concept of Governance
14
4 Relevant concerns:
1. What activities are acts of governing?
2. Who are involved in governance?
3. What processes redefined each?
4. What makes Governance Good?
3.1 Search for Growth and Development
3.2 The Environmental Movement
3.3 Globalization
3.4 Consolidating Peace
Consolidating Peace
In 2013, the Asian Development Bank released a paper called Civil
Society Briefs: Philippines:
a. President Corazon Aquino restored democracy and legislation
were passed including the Cooperative Code of 1990 and the
Women in Development and Nation Building Act of 1992.
b. The rapid growth of CSOs was due to the participation of civil
society in national and regional development planning.
c. Today (2013), Philippine civil society organizations are widely
seen as vibrant and advanced in the world. It has the largest
numbers of NGOs per capita in Asia.
Geingob reasserted his former claim, “the tasks of nation building
must be seen by all as their responsibility, and the resulting peace and
development their common ownership.”
Civil Service Organizations
Page 2, Civil Society Briefs: Philippines. Asian Development Bank, Mandaluyong Philippines, 2013.
Page 75, The Concept of Governance. LV Carino.

15. PA 201- Prof. W Cabo, 1st Sem., 2018- 2019; FRI 530PM
Report by: Fredy Primicias III
The Concept of Governance
15
4 Relevant concerns:
1. What activities are acts of governing?
2. Who are involved in governance?
3. What processes redefined each?
4. What makes Governance Good?

16. PA 201- Prof. W Cabo, 1st Sem., 2018- 2019; FRI 530PM
Report by: Fredy Primicias III
The Concept of Governance
16
STRUCTURE
START
Your thoughts?
Difference between Government and
Governance
4 Relevant concerns:
1. What activities are acts of governing?
2. Who are involved in governance?
3. What processes redefined each?
4. What makes Governance Good?
For slide requests please send email to
avprimicias@up.edu.ph