This document outlines a natural science unit on the human body. It covers the main food groups and nutrients provided by each, including carbohydrates, proteins, dairy, fats, and fruits and vegetables. It then discusses the digestive, circulatory, respiratory, excretory, and reproductive body systems, providing details on the key functions and parts of each system.

1. NATURAL SCIENCE UNIT 2 OUTLINE
FOOD GROUPS
CARBOHYDRATES+FIBRE
PROTEINS+IRON
DAIRY PRODUCTS
FATS
FRUIT+VEGETABLES
HEALTHY vs. UNHEALTHY
BODY SYSTEMS
DIGESTIVE
CIRCULATORY
RESPIRATORY
EXCRETORY
REPRODUCTIVE

2. FOOD GROUPS
To stay HEALTHY you need a BALANCED DIET.
For this reason each FOOD GROUP provides with different NUTRIENTS
FATS: OIL
Good for our
NERVOUS SYSTEM
AVOCADO
FRUITS + VEGETABLES:
VITAMINES+ MINERALS
PEAR BROCCOLI
Good to GROW and be
HEALTHY
CARBOHYDRATES + FIBRE
GRAINS CEREALS
POTATOES
PROTEINS +
IRON
FISH BEANS
MEAT NUTS
Good for our
MUSCLES and
GROW STRONG
DAIRY
PRODUCTS:
Good for our
BONES and
TEETH
Milk, Cheese,
Yoghurt...

5. DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
Our DIGESTIVE SYSTEM BREAKS DOWN food into NUTRIENTS when we eat.
1-MOUTH: Digestion begins by CHEWING food; breaking food down with our
teeth into smaller pieces.
2-OESOPHAGUS: It PUSHES DOWN food into the stomach by SWALLOWING.
3-SMALL INTESTINE: from the stomach food passes to the SMALL INTESTINE
where it ABSORBS the nutrients and separates them from the WASTE.
4- NUTRIENTS PASS TO THE BLOOD: which carries them all around our body.
5-THE WASTE passes to the LARGE INTESTINE and It LEAVES through the
ANUS.

6. LABEL WITH NUMBERS NAME________________
CLASS_______________

7. CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
The circulatory system is made up of the HEART and thousands of tubes called
ARTERIES and VEINS.
1-Nutrients are absorbed in the SMALL INTESTINE
and pass to the BLOOD.
2-Oxygen passes to the BLOOD from our LUNGS.
3-The HEART pumps blood with NUTRIENTS and
OXYGEN around the body. So they travel through the
ARTERIES and VEINS.

8. The HEART is made up of 4 sections: left atrium, right atrium, left ventricle, right
ventricle.

9. RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
Thanks to the RESPIRATORY SYSTEM we can BREATHE. When we BREATHE IN
we take OXYGEN(O2), when we BREATHE OUT we expel CARBON DIOXIDE (CO2)
1-BREATHE IN thanks to the NOSE and MOUTH.
2-The air goes down through the TRACHEA.
3-The air enters the LUNGS.
In the LUNGS the OXYGEN from the air passes to
the BLOOD, and the BLOOD carries it to all parts of
the body.
In the LUNGS there is a exchange of gasses
OXYGEN (O2) for CARBON DIOXIDE (CO2).

10. EXCRETORY SYSTEM
Thanks to the EXCRETORY SYSTEM we eliminate the waste (what we don’t
need) from our body.
1-The KIDNEYS remove the waste
from the blood.
2- The waste combines with water to
make URINE.
3-The urine passes through the
URETERS to the BLADDER, where the
urine is stored.
4- The urine leaves the body through the
URETHRA.

11. REPRODUCTORY SYSTEM
Reproduction happens when a male’s cell (sperm) joins with
a female’s cell (ovule).
1-Most of the male
reproductive system is
EXTERNAL.
2-SPERM (male’s cell)
are produced in the
TESTICLES.
3-Small tubes called
VAS DEFERENS
connect the testicles to
the PENIS.
4-The sperm leaves the
body through the
URETHRA.
1-Most of the female
reproductive system is
INTERNAL.
2- OVULES (female’s
cell) are produced in the
OVARIES.
3-The baby grows n the
UTERUS.
4-The uterus is
connected to the outside
of the body by the
VAGINA.
5-The VULVA is the only
external part.
Vas
Deferens