The document discusses narcotic drugs, defining them as substances derived from plants or created synthetically, including examples like morphine, codeine, and cocaine. It outlines the preparation methods for narcotics, emphasizing the transformation of morphine into heroin and how cocaine can be mixed with other substances, potentially increasing toxicity. The legal status of these drugs is also addressed, noting that possession of small amounts may be legal, while larger quantities and production are typically illegal.

1. NARCOTIC DRUGS
PRESENTED BY BISHAL PAUDEL

2. What is a Narcotic drug ?
• The term narcotic drug means any of the following whether
produced directly or indirectly by extraction from substances of
vegetable origin or independently by means of chemical synthesis
or by a combination of extraction and chemical synthesis.

3. Types of Narcotic Drugs
Morphine, Codeine, and
Thebaine
Local Anaesthetics,
Cornstarch, Quinine, or
Sugar
Ecgonine
Carboxylic acid
corresponding to Tropine
and treated with
Phosphorus Pentachloride
Opium Cocaine

4. Opium
Preparation
• The morphine is extracted
from the opium, reducing
the bulk weight by 88%.
• It is then converted to
heroin which is two to
four times as potent,[6]
and increases the value
by two to four times.

5. Cocaine
Preparation
• It is commonly
mixed with local
anaesthetics,
cornstarch,
quinine, or sugar,
which can result in
additional toxicity.

6. Ecgonine
Preparation
• It is obtained by
hydrolysis of cocaine
with acids or alkalis,
and crystallizes with
one molecule of
water, the crystals
melting at 198–
199 °C

7. Narcotic drugs legal or illegal ?
Legal
• There is no punishment for
carrying up to 1/2 a gram,
however any amount over that
is illegal. Cocaine is
considered an illegal hard-
drug.
Illegal
• Possession, production and
trade are not allowed as
stated in the Opium Law of
1928.

8. Thank you