The document discusses segregation and apartheid in South Africa from the 1910s to 1994. It defines segregation as separating people and apartheid as a system introduced in 1948 to separate white and black South Africans. Apartheid enforced racial segregation policies in areas like land ownership, public services, and imposed harsher laws on black South Africans. The system severely restricted the rights of the black majority and led to oppression, police brutality during protests, and the imprisonment of anti-apartheid activists like Nelson Mandela and Steve Biko. International pressure eventually forced the end of apartheid in the 1990s and the establishment of democracy in South Africa.

1. SEGREGATION AND
APARTHEID IN SOUTH
AFRICA.
1910s to 1994

2. DEFINING THE TERMS
• SEGREGATION can be simply defined as the act of separating people.
• APARTHEID was a system introduced by the National party in 1948 in South Africa that aimed to separate white South Africans
from black South Africans.

3. THE BIRTH OF
APARTHEID.
• Apartheid (meaning apartness in Afrikaans) was introduced
by the National party government which was in power in SA
in 1948.
• Apartheid focused on enforcing racial segregation policies
that were already existing in SA.
• This includes land, wealth and other public segregation
policies that were already existing in South Africa.

6. Cont.
 Racial segregation was exercised in
public areas such as toilets, Hospitals,
parks, restaurants etc.
 Harsher punishments were granted
to Black South Africans.
 Blacks were supposed to stay in
homelands while whites stay in
Urban Areas.

7. Impact of Apartheid.
• Blacks (majority) rights were under the control of
whites who were the minority.
• Blacks clustered in their areas. Eg, Alexander
Gauteng.
• Blacks were supposed to do hard labour jobs with
little payment to them.
• No freedom of expression for Black South Africans.
(would be shot at during protests)

8. Nelson Mandela
• Nelson Mandela was a anti-apartheid activist that fought against apartheid
in SA.
• He was imprisoned from 1962 until 1990 (27) years in prison.
• He became the first black president of South Africa in 1994.
• He ensured that democracy was introduced in SA.

9. OTHER ACTIVISTS
• Steve Biko was also an anti-apartheid activist.
• Founded the black peoples convention (BPC) movement that aimed
to abolish apartheid.
• Banned by apartheid government and forced to remain in Eastern
Cape and prohibited from moving around the country.
• Died from a brain damage in September 1977.

10. POLICE BRUTALITY.
• Soweto uprising- a series of protests by black south Africans that began in June 1976.
• Police brutality was seen in this event with police shooting and killing protesters.
• Sharpville massacre was an event where the apartheid police shot and killed 69 black people and injured 180 of them.
• The people were shot for protesting against apartheid.

11. END OF APARTHEID.
• 1980s in South Africa saw
president FW De Klerk beginning
negotiations to end apartheid.
• Outside pressure from countries
like USA forced FW De Klerk to
bring an end to apartheid.
• In 1994 elections, the ANC had
the most votes in South Africa
and for the first time, South
Africa became a democracy.

12. ALL THIS TREATMENT TOWARDS BLACK SOUTH
AFRICANS SHOWS HOW CRUEL THE APARTHEID
SYSTEM WAS TOWARDS BLACK SOUTH AFRICANS.
ALL THIS TREATMENT TOWARDS BLACKS IN THE
PAST MAKES ONE APPRECIATE THE LIFE THEY HAVE
TODAY AS IT WAS NOT THIS EASY FOR OTHER
BLACKS BACK THEN.
Segregation is wrong.

13. References.
• Spies, M. (2015). Turning points in modern South African history. Available from Slideshare at
https://www.slideshare.net/MarethaSpies/turning-points-in-modern-south-african-
history?qid=13b62364-dd78-441b-afcf-58ac67cc12d5&v=&b=&from_search=6 (accessed 26
August 2021).
• Simelane, P. (2018). Apartheid. Available from Slideshare at
https://www.slideshare.net/Palesa_simelane/apartheid-112842630?qid=aae80eb5-cca5-4dd4-
aaf6-678c5a71c45a&v=&b=&from_search=2 (Accessed 26 August 2021)
• Socialmediacjpme. South Africa under Apartheid. Available Slideshare at
https://www.slideshare.net/socialmediacjpme/004-south-africa-under-apartheid-v1 (Accessed
26 August 2021)
• Mahoto, T.S. (2013). Apartheid in South Africa. Available from Slideshare at
https://www.slideshare.net/Stekzana/apartheid-in-south-africa-17402145 (Accessed 26 August
2021).
• Ochoa1jf. Stephen Biko. Available from Slideshare at
https://www.slideshare.net/ochoa1jf/stephen-biko?qid=57f75e1f-3361-40bf-a875-
5c301d7fc311&v=&b=&from_search=1 (Accessed 26 August 2011).